泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)于(yu)每年3月(yue)31日(ri)(ri)至(zhi)(zhi)5月(yue)7日(ri)(ri)舉(ju)辦。東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)誕(dan)辰是3月(yue)28日(ri)(ri),自(zi)宋(song)朝起,每年此(ci)時(shi)立泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui),以祭東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)地點在(zai)(zai)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)即岱廟(miao)(miao)除(chu)(chu)祭祈(qi)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)外(wai),后世逐漸增加了(le)(le)商(shang)(shang)貿(mao)、娛樂活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)等內(nei)容,服(fu)務于(yu)來(lai)自(zi)四面八(ba)方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)朝拜(bai)者。《水滸傳(chuan)》中燕(yan)青(qing)打擂就是在(zai)(zai)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)上(shang)。另(ling)外(wai)元君生日(ri)(ri)為4月(yue)28日(ri)(ri),與東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)生日(ri)(ri)僅(jin)僅(jin)晚一(yi)個月(yue),而且后世碧霞元君的(de)(de)(de)影響超(chao)過了(le)(le)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di),因此(ci)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)拖長了(le)(le)時(shi)間(jian),增加了(le)(le)祭祀碧霞元君的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容。文(wen)(wen)革期間(jian)一(yi)度(du)取消(xiao)了(le)(le)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)現在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)期在(zai)(zai)5月(yue)6日(ri)(ri)至(zhi)(zhi)12日(ri)(ri),一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)(zai)岱宗(zong)(zong)坊(fang)西側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)廣場(chang)舉(ju)行(xing)。廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)內(nei)容除(chu)(chu)正(zheng)常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)宗(zong)(zong)教活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)以外(wai),主(zhu)要是經貿(mao)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)(dong)、旅(lv)游(you)(you)(you)觀光和文(wen)(wen)化娛樂近年來(lai),八(ba)方(fang)(fang)人士紛(fen)至(zhi)(zhi)沓來(lai),國(guo)外(wai)客(ke)商(shang)(shang)及游(you)(you)(you)客(ke)也不斷增加。東岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)突出民俗(su)宗(zong)(zong)教文(wen)(wen)化,全方(fang)(fang)位地挖掘和展示(shi)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)千(qian)年歷史(shi)積(ji)淀。從獨具魅(mei)力的(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)曲藝到驚心動(dong)(dong)魄的(de)(de)(de)游(you)(you)(you)藝競(jing)技,從多(duo)姿多(duo)彩的(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)工藝到新穎時(shi)尚(shang)的(de)(de)(de)旅(lv)游(you)(you)(you)商(shang)(shang)品(pin),從祈(qi)福納祥的(de)(de)(de)拜(bai)山(shan)(shan)儀式到古(gu)代帝(di)王(wang)的(de)(de)(de)封禪大(da)典(dian),游(you)(you)(you)客(ke)置身其中,宛如進入了(le)(le)民俗(su)文(wen)(wen)化的(de)(de)(de)大(da)觀園(yuan)。整個廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)(hui)將(jiang)持續一(yi)個多(duo)月(yue)時(shi)間(jian)。
東(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)以“逛東(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui),覽民(min)(min)間(jian)風(feng)情”為主題,深入(ru)挖掘東(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)內(nei)(nei)涵,旨(zhi)在豐富游(you)(you)客和城(cheng)鄉(xiang)居(ju)民(min)(min)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)生活(huo),打(da)造(zao)“民(min)(min)俗泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an),購物泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an),美(mei)(mei)食(shi)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an);文(wen)(wen)化(hua)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan),吉祥(xiang)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan),祈福(fu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)”旅(lv)游(you)(you)形(xing)象,營(ying)造(zao)歡快祥(xiang)和的(de)(de)(de)節日氛圍,進一步提高(gao)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)知名度和吸引力,促進經濟社(she)(she)會(hui)又快又好地(di)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。配合國家(jia)旅(lv)游(you)(you)局推(tui)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)中國鄉(xiang)村游(you)(you)主題活(huo)動,按照“貼(tie)近民(min)(min)間(jian),貼(tie)近企(qi)業(ye),貼(tie)近游(you)(you)客”三個(ge)貼(tie)近和“突(tu)(tu)出(chu)民(min)(min)俗宗教文(wen)(wen)化(hua),突(tu)(tu)出(chu)企(qi)業(ye)社(she)(she)區文(wen)(wen)化(hua),突(tu)(tu)出(chu)購物美(mei)(mei)食(shi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)”三個(ge)突(tu)(tu)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)原則(ze),本屆東(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)會(hui)共安(an)(an)排了十二大(da)(da)項活(huo)動,在活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)組織形(xing)式和內(nei)(nei)容(rong)上(shang)都將(jiang)有所創新。于4月(yue)12日在天外村廣場舉(ju)行的(de)(de)(de)開幕式將(jiang)上(shang)演(yan)獨具泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)特(te)色的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)俗文(wen)(wen)化(hua)表演(yan)。在泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)王母池蟠(pan)桃會(hui)和泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)碧霞祠(ci)祈福(fu)迎祥(xiang)大(da)(da)法(fa)會(hui)上(shang)可以領略(lve)到泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)宗教的(de)(de)(de)獨特(te)魅力。除豐富多彩的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)俗活(huo)動外,我市(shi)還將(jiang)舉(ju)辦(ban)春季旅(lv)游(you)(you)聯誼會(hui),邀(yao)請國內(nei)(nei)重點(dian)旅(lv)行社(she)(she)、媒(mei)體記者、周(zhou)邊大(da)(da)型企(qi)業(ye)和高(gao)校相關負責人前來考察(cha)景點(dian),開展(zhan)(zhan)旅(lv)游(you)(you)業(ye)務洽(qia)談。在中國泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)旅(lv)游(you)(you)投(tou)資合作洽(qia)談會(hui)上(shang)國內(nei)(nei)外知名旅(lv)游(you)(you)服務企(qi)業(ye)和國內(nei)(nei)投(tou)資開發(fa)企(qi)業(ye)負責人將(jiang)共商旅(lv)游(you)(you)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)大(da)(da)計(ji)。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)(an)旅(lv)游(you)(you)購物美(mei)(mei)食(shi)節將(jiang)開展(zhan)(zhan)美(mei)(mei)食(shi)大(da)(da)賽(sai),推(tui)出(chu)豐富多彩的(de)(de)(de)珍(zhen)饈美(mei)(mei)饌,以滿(man)足市(shi)民(min)(min)與游(you)(you)客美(mei)(mei)食(shi)需求。
孔(kong)夫(fu)子編定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《詩(shi)經(jing)》中有(you)(you)(you)“太(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖巖,魯邦所(suo)(suo)瞻(zhan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)句,漢武帝(di)(di)(di)(di)劉徹曾(ceng)面對(dui)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)發出“ 高(gao)矣(yi)(yi),極矣(yi)(yi),大矣(yi)(yi),特矣(yi)(yi),赫矣(yi)(yi),駭矣(yi)(yi),惑(huo)矣(yi)(yi)”,的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感(gan)嘆。道(dao)(dao)家(jia)之(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)情有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)鐘。道(dao)(dao)與(yu)仙(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)(you)緣(yuan),仙(xian)(xian)與(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)。《說(shuo)文(wen)》云:“仚(xian)(即(ji)仙(xian)(xian)),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上貌,從(cong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)從(cong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。”《釋名》曰(yue)(yue):“老而不(bu)(bu)死曰(yue)(yue)仙(xian)(xian)。仙(xian)(xian),遷(qian)(qian)也(ye),遷(qian)(qian)入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也(ye),故制字(zi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)傍(bang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也(ye)。”要(yao)想得道(dao)(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)仙(xian)(xian),就(jiu)必須入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)修(xiu)煉(lian)。戰(zhan)國時(shi)(shi)期(qi),方(fang)(fang)土黃伯陽(yang)隱(yin)居(ju)于(yu)(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)鹿町巖洞(dong)修(xiu)煉(lian),后人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“黃伯陽(yang)洞(dong)”。秦(qin)始皇東(dong)(dong)封泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)時(shi)(shi),曾(ceng)條(tiao)算(suan)訪仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)羨門高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蹤(zong)跡;又傳(chuan)說(shuo)秦(qin)始皇求見修(xiu)煉(lian)于(yu)(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)南仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安期(qi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),“與(yu)語三日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)而去(qu) ”。漢武帝(di)(di)(di)(di)對(dui)李少君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)提出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“修(xiu)煉(lian)、封禪、長生(sheng)(sheng)”三者(zhe)(zhe)融(rong)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)極感(gan)興趣,一(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)七次(ci)到(dao)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。道(dao)(dao)教(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符(fu)箓(lu)有(you)(you)(you)“五(wu)(wu)(wu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)真(zhen)形之(zhi)圖(tu)”而東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)真(zhen)形列其(qi)首,東(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)塑(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《五(wu)(wu)(wu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)真(zhen)圖(tu)序》說(shuo):“東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)領群(qun)仙(xian)(xian)五(wu)(wu)(wu)千九百人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),……泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)青(qing)(qing)服青(qing)(qing)袍,戴蒼碧(bi)(bi)七稱(cheng)之(zhi)冠(guan),佩通陽(yang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平之(zhi)印,乘青(qing)(qing)龍(long)從(cong)群(qun)官(guan)來(lai)迎子”。魏晉時(shi)(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曹植,多次(ci)登(deng)臨泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),留(liu)下了(le)不(bu)(bu)少求仙(xian)(xian)問道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)篇(pian) :“ 仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)攬六(liu)(liu)著(zhu),對(dui)博泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)隅(yu)”;“驅(qu)(qu)風游五(wu)(wu)(wu)海,東(dong)(dong)過王母(mu)廬;俯視五(wu)(wu)(wu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)間(jian),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)如(ru)寄居(ju)”《仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)篇(pian)》。“晨游泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),云霧窈(yao)窕(tiao)”; “西登(deng)玉(yu)樓(lou),金樓(lou)復道(dao)(dao);授我(wo)仙(xian)(xian)藥,神皇所(suo)(suo)造;教(jiao)我(wo)服食,還精補腦”。《飛(fei)龍(long)篇(pian)》李唐(tang)王朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)統治(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)認道(dao)(dao)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)始人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)老子為(wei)(wei)祖宗(zong),道(dao)(dao)教(jiao)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)更加興盛。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳下有(you)(you)(you)座道(dao)(dao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)名曰(yue)(yue)“岱(dai)(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)”,傳(chuan)為(wei)(wei)黃帝(di)(di)(di)(di)時(shi)(shi)始建(jian)(jian),(李諤《瑤池(chi)記》)唐(tang)朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最高(gao)統治(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)多次(ci)遣道(dao)(dao)士(shi)(shi)致(zhi)祭,原勒于(yu)(yu)岱(dai)(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)道(dao)(dao)唐(tang)《雙束(shu)碑》為(wei)(wei)我(wo)們提供(gong)了(le)這方(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資料。其(qi)一(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),唐(tang)高(gao)宗(zong)顯慶(qing)六(liu)(liu)年(公元(yuan)661年,即(ji)武則天攝(she)政第(di)(di)二年)二月二十二日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),“敕(chi)使東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)先生(sheng)(sheng)郭行(xing)真(zhen),弟(di)子陳蘭茂(mao)、杜知古、馬知止,奉(feng)為(wei)(wei)皇帝(di)(di)(di)(di)后七日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)道(dao)(dao),造塑(su)(su)像一(yi)(yi)驅(qu)(qu),二真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)夾侍。”再者(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)睿(rui)宗(zong)手(shou)敕(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刻辭文(wen)字(zi),講的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)睿(rui)宗(zong)皇帝(di)(di)(di)(di)遣道(dao)(dao)士(shi)(shi)楊(yang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)希到(dao)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)燒(shao)香事,辭日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri):“景云二年(公元(yuan)771年)六(liu)(liu)月二十三日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),皇帝(di)(di)(di)(di)敬(jing)憑太(tai)(tai)(tai)清(qing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)士(shi)(shi)楊(yang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)希,于(yu)(yu)名山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)斫燒(shao)香供(gong)養。惟靈(ling)蘊秘凝真(zhen),含幽綜妙(miao),類高(gao)旻之(zhi)亭育,同(tong)厚(hou)載之(zhi)陶鈞。蓄池(chi)煙云,蔽虧日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月,五(wu)(wu)(wu)芝標秀(xiu),八(ba)桂流芳,翠嶺萬尋,青(qing)(qing)溪千仞。蟣(ji)裳(shang)戾止,恒為(wei)(wei)碧(bi)(bi)落之(zhi)庭; 鶴(he)架來(lai)游,即(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)玉(yu)京之(zhi)域(yu)。百祥覃于(yu)(yu)遠邇,五(wu)(wu)(wu)福被于(yu)(yu)黎元(yuan),往帝(di)(di)(di)(di)所(suo)(suo)以馳心,前(qian)王由(you)其(qi)載想。朕恭庸寶(bao)位,嗣(si)守(shou)昌圖(tu),恐百姓之(zhi)守(shou),廣八(ba)方(fang)(fang)之(zhi)未(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)。式陳香薦,用表深(shen)忠,實(shi)冀明(ming)靈(ling),降茲休祉。所(suo)(suo)愿(yuan)從(cong)茲以后,浹宇(yu)常安;朕躬(gong)男(nan)女(nv)六(liu)(liu)姻,永保如(ru)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)壽(shou);國朝官(guan)僚萬姓,長符(fu)擊壤之(zhi)歡(huan);鳥(niao)魚遂性于(yu)(yu)飛(fei)沉,夷狹歸心于(yu)(yu)邊(bian)徼。實(shi)希靈(ling)鑒,用副翹誠,今因(yin)(yin)煉(lian)師遣此不(bu)(bu)悉”。有(you)(you)(you)唐(tang)一(yi)(yi)代,岱(dai)(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)齋醮活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan),善男(nan)信(xin)(xin)女(nv)云集(ji),由(you)此逐漸形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)。有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究者(zhe)(zhe)將顯慶(qing)六(liu)(liu)年泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)岱(dai)(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)造像事成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)而七日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齋醮活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)視為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)正(zheng)式出現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標志 (袁愛國:《泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)考(kao)識》,《民俗研究》1988年第(di)(di)4期(qi)),應該說(shuo)信(xin)(xin)仰有(you)(you)(you)道(dao)(dao)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。不(bu)(bu)過值得注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi), 對(dui)岱(dai)(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)神像不(bu)(bu)大可能年年都(dou)慶(qing)賀(he)(he)一(yi)(yi)番,因(yin)(yin)此唐(tang)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)應是(shi)(shi)(shi)隨齋醮活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)會(hui),也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)說(shuo)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)尚無定(ding)制,廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規模也(ye)不(bu)(bu)會(hui)太(tai)(tai)(tai)大。只是(shi)(shi)(shi)到(dao)了(le)宋代,把(ba)慶(qing)賀(he)(he)東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大帝(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誕辰(三月二十八(ba)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri))作為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)內容,明(ming)代又增(zeng)加了(le)慶(qing)賀(he)(he)碧(bi)(bi)霞元(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)誕辰(四月十八(ba)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri))的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),這樣就(jiu)大體(ti)界定(ding)了(le)一(yi)(yi)年一(yi)(yi)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)廟(miao)(miao)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)期(qi)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)。
泰山東岳廟會2
泰山東岳廟會2
泰(tai)山神(shen)(shen)東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)的(de)身世眾說紛紜,但泰(tai)山神(shen)(shen)東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)倍受信(xin)仰是崇(chong)拜(bai)則是事實。有謂東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)君“至神(shen)(shen)農(nong)朝,賜(si)天(tian)(tian)符(fu)都官(guan)號名府君,至漢明帝(di)(di)封(feng)(feng)(feng)泰(tai)山元帥”(《三教(jiao)源流(liu)大(da)全》),這說明至少到(dao)漢代,東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)就有封(feng)(feng)(feng)號了(le)。唐末時期,是東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)最(zui)為顯(xian)赫(he)的(de)時期,有唐一代,先(xian)后有封(feng)(feng)(feng)號“天(tian)(tian)中王”、“天(tian)(tian)齊君”、“天(tian)(tian)齊王”、宋真宗朝,先(xian)加號為“仁圣天(tian)(tian)齊王”,后加封(feng)(feng)(feng)為“天(tian)(tian)齊仁圣帝(di)(di)”。東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)不僅是神(shen)(shen)界之神(shen)(shen), 而且還成(cheng)了(le)人間帝(di)(di)王,有夫人曰淑(shu)明,有子(zi)曰三郎(lang)、四(si)郎(lang)、七(qi)郎(lang)。宋真宗封(feng)(feng)(feng)禪泰(tai)山時,定東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di)的(de)生日(ri)為三月(yue)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)八日(ri)(如(ru)《水滸傳》第(di)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)三回講“三月(yue)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)八日(ri),天(tian)(tian)齊圣帝(di)(di)降誕之辰”), 并決定年年慶賀(he),因而也就使泰(tai)山廟會形成(cheng)了(le)定制,廟會的(de)地點(dian)也由唐代時的(de)岱岳(yue)(yue)(yue)觀(guan)一帶改名為東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(主祀東(dong)(dong)(dong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)帝(di)(di))了(le)。
東岳(yue)(yue)廟(miao)或謂泰(tai)山(shan)廟(miao),即(ji)岱(dai)(dai)廟(miao)是也。岱(dai)(dai)廟(miao)創(chuang)建于何時,有(you)(you)(you)(you)人以岱(dai)(dai)廟(miao)內《大宋天(tian)(tian)貺殿碑(bei)銘(ming)》中有(you)(you)(you)(you)“秦既作疇”、“漢亦起宮”,為(wei)據(ju)推斷創(chuang)建于秦漢之(zhi)際;也有(you)(you)(you)(you)人則(ze)認為(wei)稍晚一些。拋開(kai)“創(chuang)建”問題不(bu)論,唐(tang)宋時期已具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)相當規模則(ze)是有(you)(you)(you)(you)據(ju)可(ke)查的(de)。《大宋宣和重修泰(tai)岱(dai)(dai)廟(miao)碑(bei)》記載:“ 增至宮宇”,“ 繚墻外圍”,罡罳分翼,巋(kui)然(ran)如御都紫極,望(wang)之(zhi)者知之(zhi)神(shen)靈(ling)之(zhi)宅。凡殿 、寢 、堂、閣、門(men)、亭、庫、 館、樓、觀、 廊、廡,合八百一十(shi)盈”。以宋代為(wei)背景的(de)《水滸傳》對岱(dai)(dai)廟(miao)也有(you)(you)(you)(you)著精彩的(de)描(miao)寫(xie):“廟(miao)居岱(dai)(dai)岳(yue)(yue),山(shan)鎮乾坤,為(wei)山(shan)岳(yue)(yue)之(zhi)至尊,乃萬神(shen)之(zhi)領袖。山(shan)頭伏(fu)檻,直望(wang)見弱水蓬(peng)萊;絕(jue)頂攀松,盡都是密云薄霧。樓臺森(sen)聳,疑是金烏(wu)展(zhan)翅飛來;殿角(jiao)棱層, 定覺玉兔騰身(shen)走到。雕梁畫棟,碧瓦朱(zhu)檐。鳳扉亮(liang)而映(ying)黃紗,龜背繡簾(lian)垂錦帶(dai)。遙觀圣像,九旒冕(mian)舜目堯眉;眉,近睹神(shen)顏(yan),兗龍袍湯肩(jian)禹背。九天(tian)(tian)司命(ming),芙(fu)蓉冠掩(yan)映(ying)絳綃認,炳錄赫(he)黃袍偏稱藍(lan)田帶(dai)。左侍(shi)下(xia)玉簪珠(zhu)履,右侍(shi)下(xia)紫綬金章。闔(he)殿威(wei)嚴(yan),護駕三(san)千甲將 ;兩廊勇猛,勤(qin)王(wang)十(shi)萬鐵(tie)衣兵。五岳(yue)(yue)樓相接東宮,仁安殿緊(jin)連北闕。蒿里山(shan)下(xia),判官分七(qi)十(shi)二(er)(er)司;白騾廟(miao)中,土神(shen)按二(er)(er)十(shi)四氣。管火池,鐵(tie)面太尉月(yue)月(yue)通(tong)靈(ling);掌(zhang)生死,五道將軍年年顯圣。御香不(bu)斷,天(tian)(tian)神(shen)飛馬報丹書;祭祀依(yi)時,老幼望(wang)月(yue)祈獲福。嘉寧殿,祥云杳靄(ai); 正陽門(men),瑞(rui)氣盤旋。萬民朝(chao)拜碧霞(xia)君, 四方歸依(yi)仁圣帝。”以慶賀東岳(yue)(yue)大帝誕辰(chen)為(wei)主(zhu)要內容的(de)泰(tai)山(shan)廟(miao)會,選址在主(zhu)祀東岳(yue)(yue)大帝的(de)東岳(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(岱(dai)(dai)廟(miao))一帶(dai)是再妥當不(bu)過的(de)了。