山(shan)西(xi)洪(hong)(hong)洞(dong)汾(fen)河(he)國家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園位于山(shan)西(xi)省洪(hong)(hong)洞(dong)縣,批(pi)準建(jian)設(she)于2015年12月,地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處臨汾(fen)盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)北(bei)部,主體包括汾(fen)河(he)洪(hong)(hong)洞(dong)段(duan)(duan)全段(duan)(duan),濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)類型包括河(he)流濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和人工濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)種。總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)1295.01公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)1036.52公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)率80.04%。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園劃分(fen)為(wei)五大功能區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),即(ji)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保育區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、恢復(fu)(fu)重建(jian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、宣教(jiao)展示(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、合理(li)利(li)用(yong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)及管理(li)服務區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。其中濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保育區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)881.92公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,占(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)68.10%;恢復(fu)(fu)重建(jian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)326.94公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,占(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)25.25%;科(ke)普(pu)宣教(jiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)65.53公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,占(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)5.06%;合理(li)利(li)用(yong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)16.65公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,占(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)1.28%;管理(li)服務區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)3.97公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,占(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)0.31%。
山西(xi)(xi)洪(hong)洞汾(fen)河(he)(he)國家濕地公園位于山西(xi)(xi)省洪(hong)洞縣,主體包括汾(fen)河(he)(he)洪(hong)洞段全段,東(dong)北(bei)至(zhi)堤(di)村鄉(xiang)楊洼(wa)莊村,西(xi)(xi)南至(zhi)甘亭鎮天井(jing)村,大致呈(cheng)南北(bei)走向,規劃(hua)范圍主要包括汾(fen)河(he)(he)河(he)(he)堤(di)內(nei)的水體、河(he)(he)灘地和河(he)(he)流階(jie)地等。規劃(hua)范圍內(nei)汾(fen)河(he)(he)流程45.8千米(mi),介(jie)于東(dong)經111°33′35″—111°41′56″,北(bei)緯36°09′48″—36°30′06″之間。
濕(shi)地(di)公園的濕(shi)地(di)類型(xing)包括(kuo)河(he)流濕(shi)地(di)、沼澤濕(shi)地(di)和人(ren)工濕(shi)地(di)三種。總面積1295.01公頃,濕(shi)地(di)面積1036.52公頃,濕(shi)地(di)率80.04%。
濕地(di)公園內野(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)資源豐富(fu),有(you)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生維管(guan)束(shu)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)66科197屬379種(zhong),有(you)國家Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)保(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)大豆1種(zhong)。有(you)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)25目50科145種(zhong),其中(zhong)有(you)國家Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)重點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)黑鸛1種(zhong),國家Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)重點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)白琵鷺(lu)、大鵟等(deng)8種(zhong),山西省重點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)蒼鷺(lu)、池鷺(lu)等(deng)8種(zhong)。
濕地(di)公(gong)園是山(shan)西丘陵(ling)地(di)區具有典型性、代表性的(de)河流濕地(di),濕地(di)類型豐富(fu),河流水量豐沛,泥(ni)沙含(han)量較大,淤積速度快,河漫灘濕地(di)發育充(chong)分。
河道形(xing)態(tai)自然(ran),坡(po)降平緩,濕(shi)地(di)水量季節(jie)變(bian)化規律明顯,濕(shi)地(di)特征顯著,河灘及河心洲草(cao)木叢生(sheng)(sheng),生(sheng)(sheng)物多樣性豐富,生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系統(tong)較為完(wan)整(zheng),能(neng)較大發揮(hui)濕(shi)地(di)的涵養(yang)水源、保持水土(tu)、調節(jie)氣(qi)候(hou)等功能(neng)。