高其佩,生于清順治十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1660),卒于雍(yong)正(zheng)十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1734),一作(zuo)(1672-1734),享(xiang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)75歲。字韋之,亦書(shu)(shu)韋三,號(hao)(hao)且(qie)園,或書(shu)(shu)且(qie)道人(ren)(ren),又號(hao)(hao)南村,鐵嶺(ling)(今屬遼(liao)寧)人(ren)(ren)。工詩。他年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)輕(qing)時,學習傳統繪畫(hua),山水、人(ren)(ren)物受吳偉的影響(xiang),中年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以后(hou),開(kai)始用(yong)指頭(tou)繪畫(hua),所畫(hua)花木(mu)、鳥獸、魚、龍和人(ren)(ren)物,無(wu)不簡恬生動(dong)。意趣(qu)昂然。還著有《且(qie)園詩鈔》。
據(ju)《鐵(tie)(tie)嶺(ling)(ling)縣(xian)志》記(ji)載(zai),他(ta)(ta)是名宦后(hou)裔,為清漢(han)軍(jun)鑲(xiang)白旗(qi)輕騎都尉高(gao)(gao)(gao)天爵的第(di)五子,后(hou)因其(qi)(qi)兄高(gao)(gao)(gao)其(qi)(qi)位有軍(jun)功,雍(yong)正皇帝特嘉改漢(han)軍(jun)鑲(xiang)黃(huang)旗(qi)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)其(qi)(qi)佩(pei)八(ba)歲學畫,遇稿輒(zhe)模,積(ji)十(shi)(shi)余年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),盈二簏(lu)。隨叔父(fu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)承爵游(you)宦廣東(dong),時(shi)廣東(dong)官衙內有西(xi)席(xi)吳韋,能以指(zhi)作畫,高(gao)(gao)(gao)其(qi)(qi)佩(pei)受(shou)其(qi)(qi)影響較深。十(shi)(shi)七(qi)歲時(shi)喪父(fu),由叔輩(bei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)承爵諸人撫養,未應科舉(ju),由祖蔭(yin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙三十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1694年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),出(chu)(chu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)姚州(zhou)牧,次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)轉任(ren)(ren)(ren)虞部(bu)郎(lang)。康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙四十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),(1701年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))受(shou)宿州(zhou)知縣(xian),兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou),內遷工部(bu)員外(wai)郎(lang)。康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙四十(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1706年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))外(wai)放分(fen)巡(xun)浙江溫處(chu)道(dao),隨后(hou),他(ta)(ta)在(zai)(zai)(zai)署年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)輕運(yun)使(shi)(shi)任(ren)(ren)(ren)中,因虧欠鹽課丟官。康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙五十(shi)(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1715年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),高(gao)(gao)(gao)其(qi)(qi)佩(pei)重踏仕(shi)途(tu),出(chu)(chu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)四川分(fen)巡(xun)川南水寧道(dao)達六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)久(jiu),直到康(kang)(kang)(kang)熙五十(shi)(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1720年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),升(sheng)任(ren)(ren)(ren)四川按察使(shi)(shi),在(zai)(zai)(zai)成都任(ren)(ren)(ren)職(zhi)。雍(yong)正元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1723)內遷光祿侍(shi)郎(lang),九月(yue)升(sheng)刑(xing)部(bu)右(you)(you)侍(shi)郎(lang)。第(di)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)升(sheng)正紅旗(qi)漢(han)軍(jun)都統,仍領(ling)刑(xing)部(bu)右(you)(you)侍(shi)郎(lang)之(zhi)銜。雍(yong)正五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1727)七(qi)月(yue),因于刑(xing)部(bu)右(you)(you)侍(shi)郎(lang)任(ren)(ren)(ren)內定讞中有失,慘遭(zao)革職(zhi),從此脫離仕(shi)途(tu),時(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)六十(shi)(shi)七(qi)歲。他(ta)(ta)雖久(jiu)居他(ta)(ta)鄉(xiang)(xiang),身游(you)宦海,但不忘故鄉(xiang)(xiang),在(zai)(zai)(zai)畫上常題有:“鐵(tie)(tie)嶺(ling)(ling)高(gao)(gao)(gao)其(qi)(qi)佩(pei)指(zhi)畫”、“鐵(tie)(tie)嶺(ling)(ling)高(gao)(gao)(gao)七(qi)郎(lang)”、“鐵(tie)(tie)嶺(ling)(ling)古狂”,因此時(shi)人對其(qi)(qi)有“高(gao)(gao)(gao)鐵(tie)(tie)嶺(ling)(ling)”之(zhi)稱。
高(gao)其佩晚(wan)年(nian),指(zhi)畫(hua)(hua)聲譽遠播朝鮮,但他依然(ran)繪畫(hua)(hua)“甲(jia)殘至吮血,日匿頻燒(shao)燭(zhu)”。雍正八(ba)年(nian)(1730),應詔圓(yuan)明園如(ru)意館(guan)作畫(hua)(hua)3年(nian),創作了《長江萬里圖》等(deng)細絹工筆畫(hua)(hua)。高(gao)秉《指(zhi)頭畫(hua)(hua)說》記載,高(gao)其佩曾為兵部尚書盧(lu)舜徒寫真(zhen),畫(hua)(hua)一立像,高(gao)與真(zhen)人相(xiang)齊。畫(hua)(hua)成后,盧(lu)舜徒歡喜(xi)若狂道:“神(shen)乎(hu)技(ji)矣!進乎(hu)道矣!”
其(qi)作(zuo)品(pin)有:《飽虎圖(tu)(tu)》、《雁行圖(tu)(tu)》、《怒容鐘馗圖(tu)(tu)》、《梧桐喜(xi)鵲圖(tu)(tu)》、《虬松(song)莫岫圖(tu)(tu)》、《高岡獨立圖(tu)(tu)》、《稻穗螳螂圖(tu)(tu)》、《松(song)陰(yin)小琪圖(tu)(tu)》、《指畫人(ren)物(wu)》冊(十頁)等。
高其(qi)佩(pei)“揚(yang)州八怪李鱓”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師(shi)。其(qi)藝術才華出(chu)眾,能詩、工畫,他(ta)(ta)在(zai)細(xi)絹上(shang)所(suo)(suo)描(miao)繪(hui)的(de)(de)(de)亭臺(tai)樓閣、人(ren)物(wu)、花鳥(niao)、魚蟲(chong)等(deng)等(deng),筆(bi)墨(mo)精細(xi),設色(se)艷麗,精妙(miao)絕(jue)倫。他(ta)(ta)在(zai)臨(lin)摹了大(da)(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)前代名人(ren)作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin),打下了深厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)根基之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),開創(chuang)了一(yi)條新(xin)路。大(da)(da)(da)膽地創(chuang)造出(chu)了別具(ju)情趣(qu)的(de)(de)(de)“舍筆(bi)而求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于手”的(de)(de)(de)表現(xian)技法。秀水(shui)張(zhang)浦山著的(de)(de)(de)《國朝(chao)畫征錄》中記載:“高且園善(shan)指(zhi)畫,畫人(ren)、山水(shui)花鳥(niao)、魚蟲(chong)、鳥(niao)獸(shou),天資(zi)超邁,情奇(qi)逸趣(qu),信(xin)手而得(de),四方重(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。高其(qi)佩(pei)指(zhi)畫有(you)(you)“叱石成羊”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妙(miao),他(ta)(ta)創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)山水(shui)、人(ren)物(wu)、花鳥(niao)、走獸(shou)時,均信(xin)手一(yi)揮而就,“傾刻數十幅(fu),……無(wu)不絕(jue)人(ren)。”他(ta)(ta)一(yi)生的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)畫數量是(shi)(shi)驚人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)。正如他(ta)(ta)侄孫高秉(bing)在(zai)《指(zhi)頭畫說》一(yi)文中所(suo)(suo)述:“自(zi)弱冠至七(qi)旬,不下五、六萬幅(fu)”。可惜(xi)其(qi)大(da)(da)(da)部分(fen)早已失傳。保存下來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)藏于各地博物(wu)館(guan),鐵(tie)嶺縣文化館(guan)過(guo)去曾(ceng)存有(you)(you)春、夏、秋(qiu)、冬四幅(fu)《竹》。上(shang)海(hai)出(chu)版(ban)社(she)出(chu)版(ban)的(de)(de)(de)《高其(qi)佩(pei)》(楊仁(ren)愷著)一(yi)書,對他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)生活和創(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)道(dao)路做(zuo)了詳(xiang)細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)論述,指(zhi)出(chu)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)(da)貢獻是(shi)(shi):“標題(ti)材之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)新(xin),立結構之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)異(yi),對當(dang)時和后(hou)來(lai)繪(hui)畫藝術都有(you)(you)一(yi)定影響。”
工詩(shi),著有《且園詩(shi)鈔》。