保生大帝:福(fu)建(jian)閩南、廣(guang)東(dong)潮汕地區(qu)、中國(guo)臺灣地區(qu)及東(dong)南亞(ya)華人所信奉的道教神(shen)祇,俗稱大道公、吳真人、花(hua)橋(qiao)公。
據文獻記(ji)載(zai),保(bao)生大帝為北宋閩南人士,本名吳本,字華基,別號云衷。生于(yu)979年(nian)(宋太宗太平(ping)興國(guo)四年(nian))三月十五(wu)日,卒于(yu)1036年(nian)(宋仁(ren)宗景佑三年(nian))五(wu)月初二,于(yu)采藥之時,羽化飛升(sheng)。吳夲年(nian)少(shao)就(jiu)離開石(shi)門村,到青(qing)礁修道(dao),并以(yi)白礁、青(qing)礁為根據地行醫為民治病。
白(bai)礁慈(ci)濟宮(皇(huang)帝(di)最早欽(qin)賜(si)建(jian)(jian)造(zao)規格最高的(de)五(wu)門宮殿(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu))位于漳州臺(tai)商投資區白(bai)礁村(cun),面(mian)臨九龍(long)(long)(long)江,背靠文(wen)圃(pu)山。祀奉保生大帝(di)、北宋(song)(song)名(ming)(ming)(ming)醫(yi)吳(wu)夲(ben)。白(bai)礁村(cun)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)滔滔九龍(long)(long)(long)江水融注入(ru)海,潮起潮落(luo)漸成(cheng)5條港(gang)(gang)叉(cha),成(cheng)為(wei)白(bai)礁漁舟出(chu)入(ru)港(gang)(gang)道。吳(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)人童年,隨(sui)父(fu)吳(wu)通出(chu)入(ru)港(gang)(gang)道討小(xiao)海捉(zhuo)魚(yu),后(hou)人就(jiu)(jiu)把這港(gang)(gang)道叫“大道公港(gang)(gang)”。由于這5條港(gang)(gang)叉(cha)日(ri)日(ri)夜夜潮汐起落(luo),潮漲一(yi)片汪(wang)洋(yang),潮落(luo)好似5條龍(long)(long)(long)須(xu)(xu),后(hou)人就(jiu)(jiu)把這片海灘稱(cheng)為(wei)“龍(long)(long)(long)須(xu)(xu)灣”。北宋(song)(song)景祐(you)丙子(1036年)吳(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)人升天(tian),白(bai)礁父(fu)老鄉親(qin)緬懷吳(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)人,籌資在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)人生前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)修(xiu)煉處(chu)建(jian)(jian)庵(an),雕塑吳(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)人像而祀之,私溢(yi)他為(wei)“醫(yi)靈(ling)(ling)真(zhen)(zhen)人”,因庵(an)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)是(shi)“龍(long)(long)(long)須(xu)(xu)灣”,故(gu)取庵(an)名(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)“龍(long)(long)(long)湫(qiu)庵(an)”(今祖(zu)宮正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)處(chu))前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)身。龍(long)(long)(long)湫(qiu)庵(an),始(shi)建(jian)(jian)于宋(song)(song)景祐(you)年間(jian)(jian)(1036年)。高宗(zong)紹興二十(shi)(shi)年(1150年),宋(song)(song)高宗(zong)敬(jing)重(zhong)(zhong)民間(jian)(jian)醫(yi)生吳(wu)本的(de)高超醫(yi)術和(he)高尚醫(yi)德(de),詔在(zai)泉州府同安(an)縣白(bai)礁鄉(今屬漳州臺(tai)商投資區白(bai)礁村(cun))肇立“醫(yi)靈(ling)(ling)神祠(ci)”、紹興二十(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(1151年)擴(kuo)為(wei)二進(jin)(jin)廟宇。孝宗(zong)乾道二年(1166年)賜(si)廟名(ming)(ming)(ming)曰“慈(ci)濟”。理宗(zong)淳祐(you)元年(1241年)詔改慈(ci)濟廟為(wei)慈(ci)濟宮。清嘉慶年間(jian)(jian)增建(jian)(jian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),成(cheng)為(wei)三(san)進(jin)(jin)宮殿(dian)(dian)(dian)式建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),占地1609.5平方(fang)米。宮廟坐北朝(chao)南,自南至北依次為(wei)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、大井(jing)(jing)、獻(xian)(xian)臺(tai)、正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、天(tian)井(jing)(jing)、后(hou)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)二層(ceng)樓閣式,單檐(yan)歇(xie)山頂(ding)(ding),上(shang)(shang)覆紅色板瓦(wa)(wa)和(he)筒(tong)瓦(wa)(wa);底層(ceng)辟5個大門,門廊(lang)有(you)蟠龍(long)(long)(long)石(shi)柱6根,門前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)有(you)紫色石(shi)獅1對(dui);兩側(ce)有(you)懸山頂(ding)(ding)廂房各(ge)三(san)間(jian)(jian)。二樓兩側(ce)分置大鐘大鼓。天(tian)井(jing)(jing)有(you)上(shang)(shang)下雙重(zhong)(zhong)須(xu)(xu)彌座構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)石(shi)砌獻(xian)(xian)臺(tai),鐫飛天(tian)樂伎,雙獅戲球浮雕,獻(xian)(xian)臺(tai)上(shang)(shang)置蹲踞狀石(shi)獅,稱(cheng)“國母獅”,右前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)肢上(shang)(shang)舉握(wo)一(yi)吳(wu)夲(ben)方(fang)印(yin),均為(wei)宋(song)(song)代雕刻(ke)。臺(tai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)有(you)龍(long)(long)(long)泉井(jing)(jing)。正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)檐(yan)歇(xie)山頂(ding)(ding),紅色筒(tong)瓦(wa)(wa)單層(ceng)宮殿(dian)(dian)(dian)式結構(gou),臺(tai)基比前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)高2米,面(mian)闊五(wu)間(jian)(jian),進(jin)(jin)深(shen)三(san)間(jian)(jian)。明間(jian)(jian)正(zheng)中為(wei)如意藻井(jing)(jing),共(gong)出(chu)五(wu)挑,次間(jian)(jian)用平棊,有(you)傲昂象鼻狀,后(hou)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)更高于正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),面(mian)闊五(wu)間(jian)(jian),進(jin)(jin)深(shen)三(san)間(jian)(jian),前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)有(you)小(xiao)天(tian)井(jing)(jing),兩側(ce)有(you)鐘鼓樓,為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)檐(yan)歇(xie)山頂(ding)(ding)樓閣式,整座宮殿(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)集宋(song)(song)代建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)藝術之大成(cheng),有(you)“閩南故(gu)宮”美稱(cheng)。
據說,白礁(jiao)(jiao)慈濟(ji)祖宮(gong)供奉(feng)的(de)開基祖神像有三(san)(san)尊,分稱“一大帝(di)(di)”、“二(er)大帝(di)(di)”、“三(san)(san)大帝(di)(di)”。一大帝(di)(di)坐鎮白礁(jiao)(jiao)祖宮(gong),二(er)大帝(di)(di)分遷臺灣學(xue)甲,三(san)(san)大帝(di)(di)享祀廈(sha)門(men)海滄青礁(jiao)(jiao)慈濟(ji)宮(gong)。(白礁(jiao)(jiao)村共供奉(feng)三(san)(san)尊保(bao)生大帝(di)(di),一尊在(zai)白礁(jiao)(jiao)慈濟(ji)宮(gong),一尊在(zai)白礁(jiao)(jiao)黃娘(niang)前(qian)慈虛(xu)宮(gong),一尊在(zai)白礁(jiao)(jiao)潘厝菜市場旁瑞云宮(gong)保(bao)生大帝(di)(di)廟)。
《學(xue)甲慈濟(ji)宮沿(yan)革(ge)》云:“保(bao)(bao)生(sheng)大(da)(da)帝臺灣(wan)開(kai)基祖廟學(xue)甲慈濟(ji)宮,位于臺南學(xue)甲之(zhi)市區中心。主神(shen)保(bao)(bao)生(sheng)大(da)(da)帝神(shen)像(xiang),乃八(ba)(ba)百年(nian)前宋化之(zhi)開(kai)基祖神(shen)像(xiang)(開(kai)基二大(da)(da)帝),于明(ming)永歷十(shi)五年(nian)(清順治十(shi)八(ba)(ba)年(nian),公元1661年(nian))護佑民(min)族(zu)英(ying)雄鄭成功之(zhi)部分忠貞(zhen)軍(jun)民(min),自(zi)大(da)(da)陸渡(du)海來臺,在學(xue)甲西方(fang)四公里外之(zhi)將(jiang)軍(jun)溪頭前寮登陸。先(xian)民(min)定居學(xue)甲后,先(xian)建簡易奉祀,嗣(si)因(yin)保(bao)(bao)生(sheng)大(da)(da)帝神(shen)威(wei)顯赫,香火(huo)益(yi)盛,乃于清康熙四十(shi)年(nian)(1701年(nian))改建為堂皇廟宮。”
保(bao)生(sheng)大(da)帝(di)臺灣(wan)民間俗稱“大(da)道公(gong)”,宋(song)代福(fu)建路(lu)泉州(zhou)(zhou)府(fu)安(an)溪感(gan)德鎮石(shi)門村,因其(qi)精通醫(yi)術、救人無(wu)數,被尊奉為神(shen)。在中國東(dong)南沿海的漳州(zhou)(zhou)、廈門、泉州(zhou)(zhou)與隔海相望(wang)的臺灣(wan)島(dao),以及東(dong)南亞一(yi)帶,坐落著一(yi)座(zuo)座(zuo)金碧輝(hui)煌的吳夲(ben)(保(bao)生(sheng)大(da)帝(di))宮廟。每逢歲(sui)時年節,一(yi)座(zuo)座(zuo)的宮廟里總是(shi)人員輻湊,往來的信徒(tu)們滿懷虔(qian)誠地在吳夲(ben)(保(bao)生(sheng)大(da)帝(di))神(shen)前燃上一(yi)炷(zhu)香(xiang)煙,口中呢喃私語,希望(wang)吳夲(ben)(保(bao)生(sheng)大(da)帝(di))保(bao)佑(you)家(jia)人平安(an),子女向學(xue),生(sheng)意順利(li),無(wu)病(bing)無(wu)災……
吳夲是(shi)何方神(shen)圣,竟贏(ying)得(de)如此(ci)眾多善男信女的(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)禮膜拜?不(bu)了解這一(yi)信仰的(de)(de)(de)人們,大(da)多會把(ba)吳本想象成(cheng)遙遙在上的(de)(de)(de)神(shen)秘仙國世(shi)界里(li)的(de)(de)(de)神(shen)佛。其實(shi),吳夲成(cheng)仙以前(qian),是(shi)一(yi)個實(shi)實(shi)在在的(de)(de)(de)人,是(shi)一(yi)個生活在距今千年以前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)北宋年間的(de)(de)(de)醫德醫品極佳的(de)(de)(de)民間醫生。
廈門高林(lin)村(cun)西村(cun)社孫(sun)(sun)姓的第十世(shi)祖孫(sun)(sun)瑀在(zai)北宋元祐二年(nian)(1087年(nian))撰(zhuan)寫了《西宮檀越記(ji)》,文中追憶了其先大父(fu)孫(sun)(sun)天錫生(sheng)前與吳夲相善往來的情況。其后(hou),在(zai)十三世(shi)紀初(chu)葉,進士、廣州別駕楊志(zhi)與漳州守莊夏,分(fen)別撰(zhuan)寫了《慈濟宮碑》,兩碑記(ji)對吳本的事跡都介紹頗詳。此(ci)外,發現于龍海的《白石(shi)丁(ding)氏古(gu)譜》,其記(ji)載也(ye)從某一側面(mian)透露出吳本的相關(guan)信息。下面(mian),我們就(jiu)從上(shang)述這些原始文獻的記(ji)載入手,揭(jie)開籠罩在(zai)大道公身上(shang)的神秘(mi)帷幕。
根據楊志(zhi)、莊夏(xia)《慈濟宮碑(bei)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記載(zai),保生(sheng)大帝名吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben),字華基(ji),別號云(yun)衷,為(wei)(wei)紫微(wei)星轉世(shi)投胎,父(fu)親吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)通,后(hou)追封為(wei)(wei)協成(cheng)元君,母(mu)親黃氏為(wei)(wei)玉(yu)華大仙(xian)轉世(shi),吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)年少時(shi)曾(ceng)受(shou)昆侖山西王母(mu)傳授法術(shu),后(hou)舉(ju)科(ke)舉(ju),官(guan)(guan)任御史(shi),精通天文地理,禮樂醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)術(shu),后(hou)辭官(guan)(guan)修(xiu)道,行(xing)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)濟世(shi),曾(ceng)于(yu)(yu)山林(lin)之中施法救起遭(zao)虎咬死的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)書僮,感動書僮主人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)知縣(xian)江(jiang)仙(xian)官(guan)(guan)與張(zhang)師爺,追隨吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)修(xiu)練道術(shu),施藥活人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)早年活動于(yu)(yu)泉州(zhou)府(fu)同(tong)安縣(xian)與漳(zhang)州(zhou)府(fu)海(hai)澄縣(xian)交界的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)白(bai)礁與青礁一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)。吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)宋太(tai)(tai)宗太(tai)(tai)平興國四年(979年)三月十五日,卒于(yu)(yu)宋仁宗景祐(you)三年(1036年)五月初(chu)二日。成(cheng)神(shen)之前,吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)乃是一(yi)(yi)個醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)術(shu)高(gao)(gao)明、醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)德(de)高(gao)(gao)尚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)間(jian)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng);同(tong)時(shi),也(ye)是一(yi)(yi)個濟世(shi)救人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、心懷(huai)眾生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)道之人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。如(ru)楊志(zhi)在(zai)《慈濟宮碑(bei)》中,認(ren)為(wei)(wei)吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)“弱(ruo)不(bu)(bu)好弄,不(bu)(bu)茹葷,長(chang)不(bu)(bu)娶,而(er)以(yi)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)活人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。枕中肘后(hou)之方(fang),未始不(bu)(bu)數數然(ran)也(ye)。所(suo)治(zhi)之疾(ji),不(bu)(bu)旋踵(zhong)而(er)去,遠(yuan)近(jin)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)神(shen)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”。可(ke)以(yi)看出,吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)生(sheng)前不(bu)(bu)吃(chi)葷、不(bu)(bu)娶妻等(deng)行(xing)為(wei)(wei),確是嚴守戒(jie)律的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)道之士;而(er)他(ta)藥到病(bing)(bing)(bing)除的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)明醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)術(shu),也(ye)為(wei)(wei)他(ta)本人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)博得神(shen)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雅稱(cheng)(cheng)。在(zai)莊夏(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)筆下,吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)仙(xian)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角色,愈發生(sheng)動鮮明。吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)畢生(sheng)從事民(min)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)療活動,在(zai)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)術(shu)上(shang)頗(po)有(you)(you)創獲(huo),治(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)效果(guo)(guo)奇佳。而(er)且,有(you)(you)時(shi)吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)本還(huan)借助一(yi)(yi)些道教的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儀式,幫助患者解決病(bing)(bing)(bing)痛,效果(guo)(guo)同(tong)樣顯著(zhu)。莊夏(xia)《慈濟宮碑(bei)》稱(cheng)(cheng),“嘗業醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),以(yi)全(quan)活人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)心。按病(bing)(bing)(bing)投藥,如(ru)矢破(po)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de);或吸氣噓水以(yi)飲病(bing)(bing)(bing)者,雖沈(shen)痼奇恠(guai),亦就痊愈。是以(yi)厲(li)者、痬(yi)者、癕疽者,扶升攜(xie)持,無(wu)日不(bu)(bu)交踵(zhong)其門”。可(ke)以(yi)想象,如(ru)果(guo)(guo)吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)愿(yuan)意,他(ta)所(suo)擁有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)明醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)術(shu)可(ke)以(yi)很容易地為(wei)(wei)他(ta)帶(dai)來錦衣玉(yu)食,甚至是功名利祿。然(ran)而(er),生(sheng)性純樸而(er)又慕道求(qiu)仙(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben),并沒有(you)(you)把他(ta)高(gao)(gao)明的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)術(shu)當作追求(qiu)功名富貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工具,他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)生(sheng),都以(yi)能為(wei)(wei)民(min)眾解除病(bing)(bing)(bing)痛為(wei)(wei)矢志(zhi)。對于(yu)(yu)登門求(qiu)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)(bing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)一(yi)(yi)視同(tong)仁,“無(wu)視貴賤,悉為(wei)(wei)視療,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)皆獲(huo)所(suo)欲去,遠(yuan)近(jin)咸以(yi)為(wei)(wei)神(shen)”。吳(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)夲(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)高(gao)(gao)尚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)德(de)醫(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)品,在(zai)此非常明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)體現。
孫(sun)瑀的(de)《西宮檀(tan)越記》,也(ye)給我們帶來(lai)(lai)吳(wu)(wu)夲生前活動(dong)的(de)一些(xie)重要信息。在《西宮檀(tan)越記》里(li),孫(sun)瑀追憶了其(qi)(qi)先(xian)大父(fu)孫(sun)天(tian)錫(xi)在獲得吳(wu)(wu)夲施藥治(zhi)病后(hou)兩(liang)人相善往來(lai)(lai)的(de)詳細經過(guo)。宋仁宗天(tian)圣(sheng)四(si)年(1026年),孫(sun)天(tian)錫(xi)食河魚得疾,調養(yang)于(yu)(yu)家居附(fu)近的(de)旗山居士庵。一個(ge)多月(yue)后(hou),有一姓裴(pei)的(de)方士,自號養(yang)真(zhen)(zhen)老子,年已(yi)80有余,但(dan)身著(zhu)道袍,鶴發童顏,頗有神(shen)仙之概。裴(pei)養(yang)真(zhen)(zhen)周游(you)到(dao)居士庵,與孫(sun)天(tian)錫(xi)相見之下,談天(tian)說(shuo)(shuo)地,話(hua)語極為(wei)投機。過(guo)不多久,居住在白礁的(de)吳(wu)(wu)悟(wu)真(zhen)(zhen),“素以(yi)神(shen)醫名”,聽說(shuo)(shuo)周游(you)于(yu)(yu)旗山居士庵的(de)裴(pei)養(yang)真(zhen)(zhen)“妙(miao)契神(shen)靈秘旨,且深修煉之術”,在修道學仙上極有造(zao)詣,于(yu)(yu)是急忙涉水(shui)渡江,趕(gan)來(lai)(lai)拜訪求經。裴(pei)養(yang)真(zhen)(zhen)一見吳(wu)(wu)悟(wu)真(zhen)(zhen),就為(wei)其(qi)(qi)不同(tong)凡俗(su)的(de)外表與談吐(tu)所折服(fu),“知為(wei)超(chao)世人”,于(yu)(yu)是兩(liang)人相得甚歡。在結為(wei)密友后(hou),裴(pei)養(yang)真(zhen)(zhen)對自己所學毫不隱瞞(man),傾囊傳授給吳(wu)(wu)悟(wu)真(zhen)(zhen),“悉以(yi)神(shen)秘授之”。二(er)人相處之余,吳(wu)(wu)悟(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)見孫(sun)天(tian)錫(xi)面帶病容,即施妙(miao)手,替(ti)天(tian)錫(xi)治(zhi)病,“三(san)(san)日而見效,半月(yue)而平復(fu),閱(yue)三(san)(san)月(yue)而肢體強壯,顏色如故”。愈(yu)后(hou),孫(sun)天(tian)錫(xi)大喜過(guo)望,要以(yi)百金酬謝,吳(wu)(wu)夲(法號悟(wu)真(zhen)(zhen))卻而不納。于(yu)(yu)是孫(sun)、吳(wu)(wu)兩(liang)人也(ye)結為(wei)深交,在裴(pei)養(yang)真(zhen)(zhen)走后(hou),兩(liang)人還不斷(duan)地互通(tong)音信。
孫(sun)(sun)瑀文中的(de)吳(wu)悟(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)是否就是吳(wu)夲(ben)呢(ni)?答案(an)是肯定的(de)。孫(sun)(sun)氏后裔(yi)在(zai)重修(xiu)族(zu)譜時(shi),又(you)在(zai)《西宮(gong)檀(tan)越記(ji)》文后加(jia)上補注,“吳(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)人生于(yu)宋太(tai)宗太(tai)平興國(guo)四(si)年(nian)己卯(mao)歲三月(yue)十五日辰時(shi),卒(zu)于(yu)宋仁宗景祐三年(nian)丙子歲五月(yue)初二(er)日,經今計封十六次”。由此觀之(zhi),吳(wu)悟(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)就是吳(wu)夲(ben),悟(wu)真(zhen)(zhen)可能是其修(xiu)道時(shi)用的(de)道號(hao)。從(cong)孫(sun)(sun)瑀追憶的(de)這個(ge)故(gu)事來看(kan),吳(wu)夲(ben)生前對(dui)道教方術(shu)(shu)興趣盎然(ran),在(zai)聽(ting)說裴養真(zhen)(zhen)的(de)消息后,不(bu)辭(ci)勞累,從(cong)白礁涉九龍江到廈門拜會。同時(shi)吳(wu)本的(de)醫(yi)術(shu)(shu)也相(xiang)當(dang)高明,面對(dui)孫(sun)(sun)天錫(xi)調(diao)養一個(ge)多月(yue)都未見(jian)起色(se)的(de)疾患,在(zai)施藥調(diao)理后,三日見(jian)效。而且,吳(wu)夲(ben)醫(yi)德高尚,當(dang)孫(sun)(sun)天錫(xi)以百金重酬其功(gong)時(shi),不(bu)為(wei)錢財所迷,而是坦然(ran)卻之(zhi),此等高風(feng)亮節,有神仙(xian)風(feng)范。
有關吳夲(ben)的(de)仙化,莊夏《慈濟宮碑》僅提到“羽(yu)化于(yu)家”。但(dan)當地民眾(zhong)知道吳夲(ben)仙化后,自(zi)發在吳夲(ben)生前采(cai)藥煉丹的(de)青礁,搭建簡易小祠(ci)——龍湫庵,供奉(feng)吳夲(ben)神像(xiang),呼為醫靈(ling)真人(ren)(ren),虔加祭(ji)禱。說來(lai)也怪,病人(ren)(ren)在龍湫庵祭(ji)拜后,其疾患(huan)往(wang)往(wang)不藥而愈,仿佛(fo)是吳夲(ben)之(zhi)靈(ling)還(huan)在冥冥之(zhi)中護佑著(zhu)病人(ren)(ren)。于(yu)是,消(xiao)息一傳十,十傳百,各(ge)地的(de)民眾(zhong)紛至沓來(lai),到龍湫庵祭(ji)拜吳夲(ben),以(yi)求(qiu)得(de)病愈,結果效果同樣明顯。楊志(zhi)在《慈濟宮碑》中也記載了(le)這一異事,“羽(yu)化之(zhi)后,靈(ling)異益著(zhu)。民有瘡痬疾疢,不謁(ye)諸醫,惟(wei)侯是求(qiu)。撮鹽(yan)盂水,橫劍其前,焚香默禱,而沈疴已(yi)脫矣(yi)”。
元代,隨(sui)著保生大(da)帝信(xin)仰的(de)發展與傳播,上述宋代文(wen)獻記載中吳夲模糊的(de)形象,逐漸(jian)變得(de)生動活潑與鮮明(ming)起來。
元明(ming)(ming)清(qing)以(yi)后(hou),保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)信(xin)(xin)仰的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)播(bo)范圍擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da),呈現出(chu)(chu)(chu)遍地(di)開花的(de)(de)(de)趨勢,而且各地(di)奉(feng)祀(si)保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)宮廟(miao)(miao)(miao)數量也(ye)扶搖直上。明(ming)(ming)清(qing)時(shi)(shi)期,保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)信(xin)(xin)仰已經走出(chu)(chu)(chu)福建(jian),傳(chuan)播(bo)到隔海相望的(de)(de)(de)寶島臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)灣(wan)(wan)以(yi)及(ji)東南亞一(yi)(yi)帶。據(ju)(ju)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)灣(wan)(wan)學者考證,見諸文獻記載的(de)(de)(de)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)灣(wan)(wan)最早建(jian)立的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)祠(ci)祀(si),應是(shi)肇建(jian)于(yu)荷(he)蘭據(ju)(ju)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)時(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)南縣廣儲(chu)(chu)東里的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)道(dao)公(gong)廟(miao)(miao)(miao),王必昌《重修臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)灣(wan)(wan)縣志(zhi)》載:“荷(he)蘭據(ju)(ju)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai),與漳泉(quan)人(ren)貿易時(shi)(shi),已建(jian)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)廣儲(chu)(chu)東里矣!”此后(hou),鄭成(cheng)功入臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai),以(yi)及(ji)清(qing)朝統一(yi)(yi)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)灣(wan)(wan)后(hou)帶來的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)次閩人(ren)移臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)高(gao)潮,都(dou)有力(li)地(di)推動(dong)了保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)信(xin)(xin)仰在(zai)(zai)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)灣(wan)(wan)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)播(bo)。時(shi)(shi)至(zhi)(zhi)今日,保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)信(xin)(xin)仰已發展為臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)灣(wan)(wan)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種強勢地(di)方神信(xin)(xin)仰。據(ju)(ju)2001年(nian)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)灣(wan)(wan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)宇聯誼(yi)會的(de)(de)(de)統計,臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)灣(wan)(wan)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)同祀(si)宮廟(miao)(miao)(miao)共有264座(尚不(bu)包括未加入聯誼(yi)會的(de)(de)(de)宮廟(miao)(miao)(miao))。至(zhi)(zhi)此,全臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)政區劃(hua)中,除基隆市外(wai),全都(dou)或(huo)多(duo)或(huo)少分布有保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)同祀(si)宮廟(miao)(miao)(miao)。明(ming)(ming)清(qing)漳、泉(quan)商人(ren)在(zai)(zai)東南亞一(yi)(yi)帶的(de)(de)(de)活動(dong),也(ye)促使保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)信(xin)(xin)仰走出(chu)(chu)(chu)國門,落戶(hu)于(yu)浩(hao)渺(miao)萬(wan)里的(de)(de)(de)異國他(ta)鄉。如道(dao)光十九(jiu)年(nian)(1839年(nian))新(xin)加坡天福宮落成(cheng)時(shi)(shi),保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)即為主祀(si)神明(ming)(ming)之一(yi)(yi)。咸豐(feng)十年(nian)(1860年(nian)),三寶壟華人(ren)領袖陳宗淮還特地(di)在(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)陸定(ding)制保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)神尊,迎返當地(di)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)覺寺奉(feng)祀(si)。此外(wai),東南亞其他(ta)國家奉(feng)祀(si)保(bao)(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)宮廟(miao)(miao)(miao)也(ye)不(bu)在(zai)(zai)少數。