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人物簡介

劉累（公元(yuan)前1898年-公元(yuan)前1788年），《元(yuan)和姓(xing)纂》《史記》《帝系譜》記載遠古部落聯(lian)盟三皇之首太昊伏羲氏(shi)娶少典為(wei)妻生黃帝軒轅，黃帝子孫陶(tao)唐氏(shi)首領唐堯的(de)后裔，是被(bei)史學界所認同的(de)劉姓(xing)歷(li)史上第一位名人，是國內外劉姓(xing)所信(xin)奉的(de)始祖(zu)，堯之裔孫。

早年(nian)(nian)，劉(liu)累(lei)(lei)曾向豢龍氏(shi)董父學豢龍、御(yu)龍于(yu)豢龍氏(shi)。約公元前1879年(nian)(nian)，夏孔(kong)甲帝(di)時，天降龍于(yu)今河南省臨穎(ying)縣豢龍城東南角龍蕩溝(gou)處。孔(kong)甲派(pai)劉(liu)累(lei)(lei)到此養(yang)龍，長達(da)7年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)久。因劉(liu)累(lei)(lei)養(yang)龍御(yu)龍有功，孔(kong)甲封(feng)他為御(yu)龍氏(shi)，代行豕韋國(guo)君(jun)。

劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)的(de)事跡最早記(ji)載于(yu)戰(zhan)國時(shi)成書的(de)《竹書紀年》《左傳》。在(zai)其他文獻中的(de)記(ji)載內容較(jiao)多。據文獻記(ji)載，劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)生(sheng)活(huo)在(zai)夏代孔甲年間，居(ju)魯山，死后葬于(yu)河(he)南(nan)魯山縣。劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)因(yin)出(chu)生(sheng)時(shi)手上(shang)顯現“劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)”紋樣，家人以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)吉祥，遂以(yi)劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)名。劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)故(gu)城在(zai)洛州緱氏縣（今河(he)南(nan)偃(yan)師）南(nan)五十五里，乃劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)之故(gu)地，相傳是(shi)他養龍時(shi)所(suo)居(ju)處(chu)。劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)遠古劉(liu)(liu)氏第十八世祖(zu)，御龍堂劉(liu)(liu)氏始祖(zu)。

其他信息

人物歷史

黃河中(zhong)(zhong)下游華夏民族夏代(dai)，夏帝孔(kong)甲(jia)帝得到雌雄(xiong)二龍(long)，聽說劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)曾學養龍(long)于(yu)“豢龍(long)氏”，就命(ming)劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)養龍(long)，因劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)養龍(long)有功，孔(kong)甲(jia)賜他(ta)“御龍(long)氏”，后來(lai)一(yi)龍(long)死(si)，劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)將其制成肉羹獻給(gei)孔(kong)甲(jia)帝，孔(kong)甲(jia)因之(zhi)味美，命(ming)令劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)再獻，劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)因懼(ju)怕(pa)龍(long)死(si)之(zhi)事暴露(lu)，,遂遷(qian)到中(zhong)(zhong)岳嵩山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)南側的堯山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(大龍(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，又名石人山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan))東麓(lu)，河南魯(lu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣昭平湖地區(qu)(今(jin)河南魯(lu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan))，在此(ci)墾荒漁獵，最后卒(zu)葬于(yu)此(ci)，劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)子孫后來(lai)便以劉(liu)(liu)為(wei)(wei)姓，成為(wei)(wei)我國劉(liu)(liu)姓的最早起源。

唐代史書《史記·正義》引(yin)《括地志》云：“劉(liu)(liu)(liu)累故(gu)城在洛(luo)(luo)州(zhou)緱氏(shi)縣(xian)(xian)南(nan)五十(shi)五里(li)，乃劉(liu)(liu)(liu)累之故(gu)地也。”古緱氏(shi)縣(xian)(xian)今屬河南(nan)洛(luo)(luo)陽偃師縣(xian)(xian)，轄境西(xi)南(nan)有地名劉(liu)(liu)(liu)聚，相傳是他養(yang)(yang)龍(long)時所居處(chu)。但經過考證(zheng)洛(luo)(luo)陽偃師緱氏(shi)縣(xian)(xian)為(wei)春(chun)秋劉(liu)(liu)(liu)國(guo)的(de)故(gu)址(zhi)，非劉(liu)(liu)(liu)累養(yang)(yang)龍(long)之所。

堯之裔孫

劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)，堯之(zhi)裔孫。早(zao)年(nian)，劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)曾向(xiang)豢(huan)(huan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)氏(shi)董父學豢(huan)(huan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)、御龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)于(yu)豢(huan)(huan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)氏(shi)。約(yue)公元前(qian)1879年(nian)，夏孔(kong)(kong)甲帝時，天降龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)于(yu)今河南省臨穎(ying)縣(xian)豢(huan)(huan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)城東南角龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)蕩溝處。孔(kong)(kong)甲派劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)到(dao)此養龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)，長(chang)達7年(nian)之(zhi)久。因(yin)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)養龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)御龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)有功，孔(kong)(kong)甲封他(ta)為(wei)御龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)氏(shi)，后(hou)(hou)因(yin)一(yi)雌龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)死(si)，累(lei)(lei)(lei)把(ba)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)肉(rou)加工成(cheng)美食，送給孔(kong)(kong)甲吃，孔(kong)(kong)甲享用后(hou)(hou)，感到(dao)味道鮮美，又向(xiang)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)求食，劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)怕死(si)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)事發，孔(kong)(kong)甲追究問罪，便于(yu)約(yue)公元前(qian)1873年(nian)，劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)便遷徙到(dao)堯山(shan)(大龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)山(shan))東麓，今天的河南省魯山(shan)縣(xian)隱居(ju)(ju)，隱匿了原來的名字，改(gai)稱“丘(qiu)”，人(ren)稱“丘(qiu)公”，稱隱居(ju)(ju)的地方(fang)為(wei)“邱公城”。孔(kong)(kong)甲知道后(hou)(hou)，不再追究，丘(qiu)公改(gai)為(wei)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)，劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)族人(ren)遂改(gai)姓(xing)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)氏(shi)，中華(hua)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)姓(xing)遂劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)繁衍生息。早(zao)在明代前(qian)，后(hou)(hou)人(ren)把(ba)邱公城附近的耿集鎮（古稱竹峪寨）雅稱“豢(huan)(huan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)故里”，又在西寨門迎門額(e)上鑲刻“豢(huan)(huan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)故里”門額(e)石記之(zhi)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)終卒于(yu)今河南省魯山(shan)縣(xian)邱公城，葬于(yu)邱公城東北30米處。二十(shi)世紀五十(shi)年(nian)代，修筑昭平湖，劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)累(lei)(lei)(lei)墓便沒于(yu)昭平湖中。

族譜記載

劉(liu)累公(gong)(gong)(gong)（聚義(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)長(chang)子），字華美，生于(yu)夏廑帝(di)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)癸(gui)未（公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)1898年(nian)(nian)），劉(liu)氏(shi)族譜中為劉(liu)氏(shi)十八(ba)(ba)世祖，卒于(yu)夏桀三(san)(san)十一(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)癸(gui)酉（公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)1788年(nian)(nian)）享壽壹百一(yi)(yi)十一(yi)(yi)歲(sui)，（一(yi)(yi)說(shuo)累公(gong)(gong)(gong)享壽一(yi)(yi)百零七(qi)歲(sui)，又一(yi)(yi)說(shuo)累公(gong)(gong)(gong)壽八(ba)(ba)十四歲(sui)）。公(gong)(gong)(gong)誕生時(shi)，兩手握拳(quan)凡(fan)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)。張開時(shi)兩掌現龍紋(wen)，并有文在手曰：累，因以(yi)為名。事夏孔(kong)(kong)甲，公(gong)(gong)(gong)學擾龍於豢龍氏(shi)，十歲(sui)能(neng)擾龍。夏孔(kong)(kong)甲帝(di)時(shi)天降二龍于(yu)朝．雌雄各一(yi)(yi)，帝(di)令累公(gong)(gong)(gong)飼養，公(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)飲食之，帝(di)嘉，于(yu)孔(kong)(kong)甲三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)甲辰（公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)1877年(nian)(nian)）晉(jin)封累公(gong)(gong)(gong)為右丞相，并御賜累公(gong)(gong)(gong)為御龍氏(shi)。孔(kong)(kong)甲七(qi)年(nian)(nian)戊(wu)申（公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)1873年(nian)(nian)）一(yi)(yi)雌龍死，累公(gong)(gong)(gong)潛醢(hai)以(yi)食王(wang)，王(wang)使(shi)求(qiu)之。公(gong)(gong)(gong)恐懼，帶(dai)領家少奔魯（河(he)南(nan)平(ping)頂山(shan)市魯山(shan)縣(xian)）避禍(huo)，時(shi)年(nian)(nian)二十六歲(sui)，遂遷于(yu)河(he)南(nan)平(ping)頂山(shan)市魯山(shan)縣(xian)安家置業(ye)。

史籍記載

《新唐書.宰相世(shi)系表一》

劉(liu)氏(shi)出自祁(qi)姓。帝堯陶唐(tang)氏(shi)子(zi)(zi)孫生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)(zi)有文在(zai)手(shou)曰：「劉(liu)累」，因以為(wei)名。能擾龍，事夏為(wei)御龍氏(shi)，在(zai)商為(wei)豕韋(wei)氏(shi)，在(zai)周(zhou)稱唐(tang)杜氏(shi)。至宣王，滅其國(guo)。其子(zi)(zi)隰叔(shu)奔晉為(wei)士師，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)士蒍。蒍生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成伯缺，缺生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)士會。會適(shi)秦，歸晉，有子(zi)(zi)留於秦，自為(wei)劉(liu)氏(shi)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)明(ming)，明(ming)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)遠，遠生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)陽，十世孫，戰國(guo)時(shi)獲(huo)於魏(wei)，遂為(wei)魏(wei)大夫(fu)。秦滅魏(wei)，徙大梁(liang)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清，徙居沛。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)仁，號豐公(gong)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)煓，字執(zhi)嘉。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)四子(zi)(zi)：伯、仲(zhong)、邦、交。邦，漢高(gao)祖也(ye)。

昭平湖景區

劉累(lei)墓(mu)于平頂山(shan)(shan)市魯山(shan)(shan)縣城(cheng)西國(guo)家(jia)水利風景(jing)(jing)名(ming)勝(sheng)區昭(zhao)平湖景(jing)(jing)區附近，國(guo)家(jia)地質(zhi)公(gong)(gong)園、國(guo)家(jia)AAAAA級(ji)風景(jing)(jing)名(ming)勝(sheng)區堯山(shan)(shan)(又名(ming)石人(ren)山(shan)(shan)，古稱大(da)(da)龍山(shan)(shan))東(dong)麓(lu)。207，311國(guo)道(dao)交匯(hui)于此，在(zai)魯山(shan)(shan)縣城(cheng)乘坐魯山(shan)(shan)至石人(ren)山(shan)(shan)、江河的汽車沿311國(guo)道(dao)行駛(shi)10公(gong)(gong)里(li)即可到(dao)達昭(zhao)平湖景(jing)(jing)區大(da)(da)門，再順沿景(jing)(jing)區大(da)(da)道(dao)東(dong)北方向(xiang)0.2公(gong)(gong)里(li)到(dao)達劉累(lei)墓(mu)，劉累(lei)墓(mu)距劉氏與龍文化(hua)碑林0.2公(gong)(gong)里(li)，緊鄰(lin)劉累(lei)祠。

政府的關心

劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)墓、劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)祠、劉(liu)(liu)氏與龍(long)文化碑(bei)林共同(tong)形成了參觀(guan)劉(liu)(liu)累(lei)的旅(lv)游線路。

2000年4月，史學界和魯山縣委、政府的關心(xin)下，魯山縣有關部門(men)又在昭平湖風景區重新(xin)修筑(zhu)了劉累墓，海內外更多的劉姓族人(ren)前來尋根問祖。