漢(han)(han)語漢(han)(han)字(zi),姓氏,丨[丨,讀(du)音作gǔn(ㄍㄨㄣˇ),亦可讀(du)作xìn(ㄒㄧㄣˋ)或guāng(ㄍㄨㄤ)]
源于(yu)姜(jiang)姓,出自上古帝(di)王椲丨氏(shi)(shi)(shi),屬于(yu)以先祖名字為(wei)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)。據文獻《上海(hai)博物館(guan)藏(zang)戰(zhan)國(guo)楚竹簡(二(er))·容成氏(shi)(shi)(shi)》記(ji)載(zai),上古帝(di)王傳(chuan)說(shuo),起于(yu)容成氏(shi)(shi)(shi)等最古的(de)(de)帝(di)王約二(er)十一人(ren)(ren),止于(yu)武王伐(fa)(fa)商終克之(zhi),“三代(dai)以上,皆(jie)授賢(xian)不授子,天下(xia)艾安;三代(dai)以下(xia),啟攻(gong)益,湯伐(fa)(fa)桀,文、武圖商,則禪讓之(zhi)道廢而(er)(er)革命之(zhi)說(shuo)起。前后(hou)適成對比。”其文云:“容成氏(shi)(shi)(shi)……尊盧(lu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、赫胥氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、喬結氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、倉(cang)頡(jie)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、軒(xuan)轅氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、神(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、椲丨氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、壚畢氏(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)有天下(xia)也,皆(jie)不授其子而(er)(er)授賢(xian)。其德(de)酋清,而(er)(er)上愛下(xia),而(er)(er)一其志,而(er)(er)寢其兵,而(er)(er)官其材。”其中的(de)(de)“椲丨氏(shi)(shi)(shi)”,就是后(hou)人(ren)(ren)所稱(cheng)的(de)(de)渾(hun)沌(dun)氏(shi)(shi)(shi),是繼炎帝(di)神(shen)農氏(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)后(hou)執掌(zhang)姜(jiang)姓東鳥族華夏部落聯盟(meng)的(de)(de)首領,他對后(hou)世人(ren)(ren)在政(zheng)治(zhi)體制(zhi)(zhi)上最大的(de)(de)貢(gong)獻,就是建立(li)了君主權禪讓制(zhi)(zhi)度。
椲丨氏(shi)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),通過禪(chan)讓制(zhi)度,可以(yi)破除(chu)己身、己家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)“小我”,達到視天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)若(ruo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)“大我”,能實(shi)現(xian)“矜寡孤獨廢疾者,皆有所養(yang)”的(de)(de)(de)社會理想。這種(zhong)禪(chan)讓制(zhi)度,就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)“以(yi)賢(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)繼,天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)”,以(yi)確保(bao)領導權(quan)執(zhi)掌(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)平(ping)、公(gong)正,是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)原始氏(shi)族(zu)公(gong)社“原始共產主義”的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)神核心。對于“天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)”,著名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)東漢經學家(jia)鄭(zheng)玄解釋為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei):“公(gong)猶共也(ye)(ye)。禪(chan)位(wei)(wei)授圣,不家(jia)之。”故“天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)”實(shi)際是(shi)(shi)指禪(chan)讓君(jun)主領導權(quan)而(er)(er)言。關于這一(yi)(yi)(yi)點,著名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)唐(tang)朝經學家(jia)孔(kong)穎(ying)達說得更明(ming)確:“天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong),謂天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)位(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong),謂揖讓而(er)(er)授圣德(de),不私(si)傳(chuan)子(zi)孫(sun),即(ji)廢朱(zhu)、均而(er)(er)用舜、禹(yu)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。選(xuan)賢(xian)與(yu)能者,向(xiang)明(ming)不私(si)傳(chuan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)位(wei)(wei),此明(ming)不世諸侯也(ye)(ye)。國(guo)不傳(chuan)世,唯選(xuan)賢(xian)與(yu)能也(ye)(ye)。”椲丨氏(shi)創建的(de)(de)(de)這種(zhong)“以(yi)賢(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)繼,天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)”君(jun)主權(quan)力禪(chan)讓制(zhi)度,一(yi)(yi)(yi)直(zhi)延續到舜、禹(yu)時代,方被大禹(yu)所破壞。媯姓大禹(yu)終(zhong)止了禪(chan)讓制(zhi)度,傳(chuan)位(wei)(wei)于自己的(de)(de)(de)兒子(zi)啟(qi),啟(qi)以(yi)世家(jia)傳(chuan)承的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)權(quan)政治(zhi),建立了中國(guo)歷(li)史(shi)上的(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)個奴隸制(zhi)國(guo)家(jia)夏(xia)(xia)王朝,史(shi)稱其(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“夏(xia)(xia)啟(qi)”。
在椲丨氏的(de)后裔子孫冢,有(you)以(yi)先(xian)祖名號“丨”為姓氏者,稱丨氏,是當(dang)今(jin)所有(you)姓氏用字中漢字筆劃最少的(de)第(di)(di)三位(wei)姓氏(第(di)(di)一位(wei)為“丶”氏,第(di)(di)二位(wei)為“一”氏),世居(ju)白(bai)邑一帶(今(jin)河南息(xi)縣(xian)),是非常古早(zao)的(de)姓氏之一,人口(kou)十分稀少,其(qi)姓氏讀音作gǔn(ㄍㄨㄣˇ)。
源于(yu)羋(mie)姓(xing),出自(zi)顓頊(xu)帝的(de)(de)(de)裔孫白公(gong)勝之(zhi)后,屬于(yu)漢族入旗改姓(xing)為(wei)氏(shi)。據史(shi)籍(ji)《元(yuan)和姓(xing)纂》、《尚龍錄》等資(zi)料(liao)記載,顓頊(xu)帝的(de)(de)(de)后裔陸終(zhong)娶鬼方氏(shi)為(wei)妻,生(sheng)下六個兒(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),其(qi)中第六個兒(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)叫(jiao)季連(lian),賜姓(xing)羋(mie)。季連(lian)的(de)(de)(de)后裔熊(xiong)繹在荊(jing)山一帶建諸侯國(guo),定都丹陽(yang)。公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)(qian)740年荊(jing)君(jun)熊(xiong)通自(zi)封(feng)為(wei)武王。他的(de)(de)(de)兒(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)于(yu)公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)(qian)689年遷都郢,改國(guo)號楚。楚平王時(shi),太子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)建因做晉軍襲鄭國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)內應而(er)被(bei)殺,太子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)建的(de)(de)(de)兒(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)熊(xiong)勝便(bian)逃(tao)到吳,投奔(ben)伍子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)胥。楚平工的(de)(de)(de)孫子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)惠王即(ji)位后,楚令子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)西把熊(xiong)勝招回國(guo),任巢(chao)大夫,封(feng)在白邑(yi)(今河南息縣),稱為(wei)白公(gong)勝。可(ke)晉國(guo)伐鄭,子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)西出兵(bing)救鄭,白公(gong)勝因子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)西言(yan)而(er)無信(xin),便(bian)發動(dong)了(le)政變,殺死(si)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)西,囚禁惠王,并著手改革(ge)朝政以(yi)爭取民(min)心(xin),但以(yi)失(shi)敗告終(zhong),自(zi)殺身(shen)亡。他逝(shi)世后,其(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孫便(bian)以(yi)祖(zu)輩封(feng)邑(yi)名(ming)為(wei)氏(shi),稱白氏(shi),是為(wei)河南白氏(shi);也有以(yi)“白公(gong)”、“白侯”為(wei)氏(shi)的(de)(de)(de)。
唐朝(chao)末(mo)年(nian),白邑的一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)白氏(shi)族(zu)人為(wei)(wei)避中原戰亂(luan),遷徙進(jin)入黑龍江璦琿(hun)縣一(yi)帶進(jin)行農(nong)耕化(hua)生(sheng)息繁衍。這部(bu)分(fen)(fen)白氏(shi)族(zu)人在明朝(chao)末(mo)期后(hou)金政(zheng)權建立(li)之后(hou)加入了滿(man)洲(zhou)旗籍(ji),歸(gui)屬為(wei)(wei)新滿(man)洲(zhou)索(suo)倫(lun)蒙(meng)棍(gun)氏(shi)部(bu)落,改稱蒙(meng)棍(gun)氏(shi),后(hou)再漢化(hua)省(sheng)文為(wei)(wei)單姓棍(gun)氏(shi),繼而(er)簡(jian)寫為(wei)(wei)先祖原姓丨氏(shi),讀音作xìn(ㄒㄧㄣˋ)。
源于蒙古族(zu),出自河南(nan)白氏家族(zu),屬于蒙古族(zu)入旗改姓為(wei)氏。“丨”,即為(wei)“棍”的古體漢字,是典型的象形(xing)文字,其(qi)在(zai)古希臘、古埃及、古印(yin)度(du)、古瑪(ma)雅(ya)等歷(li)史(shi)上使用的原(yuan)始象形(xing)文字中均相同。
蒙(meng)古族(zu)蒙(meng)棍氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),亦稱莽果氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),世居黑龍江璦琿地(di)區(qu)白(bai)石砬子一(yi)帶。蒙(meng)棍氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)并非單一(yi)民(min)族(zu)部(bu)(bu)落,而是由(you)漢族(zu)、達斡爾組、蒙(meng)古族(zu)、鄂溫克族(zu)等民(min)族(zu)混合(he)組成(cheng)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)部(bu)(bu)落群(qun)體的(de)稱謂,后來歸附了(le)后金政權(quan),加入了(le)旗(qi)籍,成(cheng)為(wei)索倫部(bu)(bu)的(de)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分。其(qi)中蒙(meng)古族(zu)白(bai)如徳氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)人加入滿洲旗(qi)籍后,改為(wei)蒙(meng)棍氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),滿語為(wei)Manggo Hala,世居烏喇(la)(今吉林永(yong)吉烏拉街至輝發河口、拉發河流域、雙陽縣境)等地(di),后有(you)稱丨氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe),讀音作(zuo)guāng(ㄍㄨㄤ)。現已經多改冠(guan)漢姓為(wei)莫氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白(bai)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等。
椲丨(shu)氏、白(bai)公(gong)勝(熊勝)。
丨氏(shi)是一個(ge)多(duo)民族、多(duo)源流的(de)姓氏(shi)群體(ti),但大部分(fen)族人(ren)皆(jie)已改冠白氏(shi),今僅在(zai)河南省的(de)信陽市(shi)息(xi)(xi)縣還有少量分(fen)布(bu),以息(xi)(xi)縣為郡望,人(ren)口數量很稀少,僅百(bai)余(yu)人(ren),在(zai)中國大陸的(de)“三小姓”中名列(lie)倒數第三。
息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian):息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)是一個非常古(gu)老的地名,在典籍《禹貢》中(zhong)(zhong)就有記載:荊、河(he)(he)惟(wei)豫(yu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)邑(yi)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)豫(yu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)域。商(shang)朝(chao)末(mo)期(qi)(qi),周(zhou)文王向南(nan)(nan)(nan)發展,汝(ru)旁之(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)先被其(qi)化,息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)邑(yi)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)汝(ru)旁之(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)。周(zhou)武(wu)(wu)王十(shi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)前1122年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)待考),大(da)封(feng)(feng)姬(ji)姓(xing)侯爵,周(zhou)文王的第(di)三(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)七子姬(ji)羽達(da)封(feng)(feng)為(wei)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)侯,息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)由此始。周(zhou)莊王十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(己(ji)亥(hai)(hai),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)前682年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),楚國(guo)(guo)(guo)滅息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)國(guo)(guo)(guo),其(qi)地建為(wei)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)。秦朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi),息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)陳郡(jun)(jun)(jun)。漢朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)置新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian),屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)汝(ru)南(nan)(nan)(nan)郡(jun)(jun)(jun)。東(dong)漢時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)為(wei)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo),又分地置褒(bao)信(xin)(xin)縣(xian)(xian),后為(wei)褒(bao)信(xin)(xin)侯國(guo)(guo)(guo)。曹魏時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)豫(yu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)汝(ru)南(nan)(nan)(nan)郡(jun)(jun)(jun),郡(jun)(jun)(jun)治(zhi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。晉朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi),新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)汝(ru)南(nan)(nan)(nan)郡(jun)(jun)(jun)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi),南(nan)(nan)(nan)朝(chao)劉(liu)宋政(zheng)權分為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)、北(bei)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)。北(bei)魏太和(he)十(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(乙亥(hai)(hai),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)495年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),置東(dong)豫(yu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)于新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),領汝(ru)南(nan)(nan)(nan)、東(dong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)蔡(cai)(cai)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)蔡(cai)(cai)、弋(yi)陽、長陵(ling)(ling)、陽安六郡(jun)(jun)(jun),南(nan)(nan)(nan)、北(bei)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)汝(ru)南(nan)(nan)(nan)郡(jun)(jun)(jun),苞信(xin)(xin)縣(xian)(xian)先屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)東(dong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)蔡(cai)(cai)郡(jun)(jun)(jun),后屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)蔡(cai)(cai)郡(jun)(jun)(jun)及長陵(ling)(ling)郡(jun)(jun)(jun),長陵(ling)(ling)縣(xian)(xian)先屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)蔡(cai)(cai)郡(jun)(jun)(jun),后屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)長陵(ling)(ling)郡(jun)(jun)(jun)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)朝(chao)梁(liang)大(da)通(tong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(丁(ding)未,公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)527年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),改(gai)(gai)為(wei)西豫(yu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)朝(chao)梁(liang)太清元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(丁(ding)卯(mao),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)547年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),改(gai)(gai)為(wei)淮(huai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。東(dong)魏武(wu)(wu)定七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(己(ji)巳(si),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)549年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),復(fu)(fu)置東(dong)豫(yu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),北(bei)齊沿(yan)襲未變。北(bei)周(zhou)大(da)象元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(己(ji)亥(hai)(hai),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)579年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),改(gai)(gai)為(wei)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。隋朝(chao)事情因之(zhi)。隋大(da)業初(chu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(乙丑,公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)605年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))廢(fei)(fei)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、褒(bao)信(xin)(xin)二(er)(er)縣(xian)(xian)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)汝(ru)南(nan)(nan)(nan)郡(jun)(jun)(jun)。唐朝(chao)武(wu)(wu)德四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(辛(xin)(xin)巳(si),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)621年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),復(fu)(fu)置息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),領新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、淮(huai)川、長陵(ling)(ling)三(san)(san)(san)(san)縣(xian)(xian),褒(bao)信(xin)(xin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)舒州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(今(jin)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)蔡(cai)(cai))。唐貞觀元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(丁(ding)亥(hai)(hai),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)627年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),廢(fei)(fei)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),省淮(huai)川入真(zhen)陽,長陵(ling)(ling)入褒(bao)信(xin)(xin),以新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)隸汝(ru)南(nan)(nan)(nan)郡(jun)(jun)(jun)。五(wu)代時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)沿(yan)襲未變。北(bei)宋時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi),新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)和(he)褒(bao)信(xin)(xin)縣(xian)(xian)仍屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)蔡(cai)(cai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),宋紹興十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(辛(xin)(xin)酉(you),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1141年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),北(bei)宋與金國(guo)(guo)(guo)議和(he),以淮(huai)為(wei)界,二(er)(er)縣(xian)(xian)遂屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)金。宋泰(tai)和(he)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊辰(chen)(chen),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1208年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),復(fu)(fu)置息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),領新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)蔡(cai)(cai)、真(zhen)陽、褒(bao)信(xin)(xin)四(si)(si)縣(xian)(xian)和(he)王務(wu)鎮。元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)朝(chao)中(zhong)(zhong)統三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(壬戌,公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1262年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))農歷2月(yue),廢(fei)(fei)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),農歷12月(yue)復(fu)(fu)置。元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)至元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)三(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(癸巳(si),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1293年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)省汝(ru)寧(ning)府。明(ming)朝(chao)洪武(wu)(wu)四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(辛(xin)(xin)亥(hai)(hai),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1371年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)都臨濠府。不久改(gai)(gai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)為(wei)縣(xian)(xian),屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)潁州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。明(ming)洪武(wu)(wu)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(甲(jia)寅,公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1374年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),改(gai)(gai)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)汝(ru)寧(ning)府。明(ming)洪武(wu)(wu)十(shi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(庚申,公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1380年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),光(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)改(gai)(gai)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)汝(ru)寧(ning)府,息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)光(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。清朝(chao)初(chu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)汝(ru)光(guang)(guang)道(dao)分轄。清朝(chao)雍正二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(甲(jia)辰(chen)(chen),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1724年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),升(sheng)光(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)為(wei)直(zhi)隸州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),統光(guang)(guang)、固、息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、商(shang)四(si)(si)縣(xian)(xian)。民國(guo)(guo)(guo)三(san)(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(甲(jia)寅,公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1914年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)省汝(ru)陽道(dao),民國(guo)(guo)(guo)十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(丁(ding)卯(mao),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1927年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)豫(yu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)區(qu)(qu),民國(guo)(guo)(guo)十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊辰(chen)(chen),公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1928年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)省第(di)三(san)(san)(san)(san)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)區(qu)(qu),民國(guo)(guo)(guo)二(er)(er)十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(壬申,公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1932年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))10月(yue)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)省第(di)九行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)督察區(qu)(qu)(潢(huang)川)。中(zhong)(zhong)華人民共和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)建立初(chu)期(qi)(qi)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)潢(huang)川專(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)。1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)24日(ri),潢(huang)川、信(xin)(xin)陽兩專(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)合并,當今(jin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)省信(xin)(xin)陽市。
息縣堂(tang):以(yi)望立堂(tang),亦稱白邑堂(tang)。