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鞠杲(gao)（生卒年月不(bu)詳），北宋吳川(chuan)人，元祐(you)進士(shi)(shi)，他(ta)是吳川(chuan)歷(li)史上第(di)一(yi)位進士(shi)(shi)。河南(nan)鞠詠之(zhi)后，故居在原吳川(chuan)縣北十(shi)一(yi)都溫口村(cun)(cun)(現吳川(chuan)市(shi)黃坡(po)鎮穩村(cun)(cun)也叫彎村(cun)(cun))。

北宋末(mo)期，宋神宗為了挽救危(wei)機，支(zhi)持王安石實行變法(fa)，此舉(ju)遭到(dao)保(bao)(bao)守(shou)派(pai)的強烈反對。在變法(fa)派(pai)與保(bao)(bao)守(shou)派(pai)的反復斗(dou)爭(zheng)中，鞠杲站(zhan)在保(bao)(bao)守(shou)派(pai)一(yi)方(fang)，于(yu)元(yuan)符中年入京(jing)上書，“辭極抗直地力數改革派(pai)章(zhang)惇、蔡卞等人的罪行，激怒了章(zhang)惇，遂被列(lie)為“奸黨”貶謫終(zhong)身。保(bao)(bao)守(shou)派(pai)復辟后則(ze)尊他為鄉賢加以崇祀。

主要經歷

鞠(ju)(ju)杲的祖上是密州高密的世(shi)家(jia)大(da)族(zu)，遠(yuan)祖鞠(ju)(ju)真、鞠(ju)(ju)常、鞠(ju)(ju)仲謀(mou)、鞠(ju)(ju)礪、鞠(ju)(ju)詠連(lian)續五代皆為北宋(song)大(da)臣，其(qi)中鞠(ju)(ju)常、鞠(ju)(ju)詠還(huan)名(ming)列《宋(song)史(shi)》，

據(ju)《宋(song)史(shi)》和(he)高安鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏族譜記載(zai)：北宋(song)真宗(zong)時期的(de)(de)侍御史(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)謀(mou)傳二(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)，長子(zi)(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪(li)(li)，次(ci)子(zi)(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥。鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)謀(mou)之(zhi)父(fu)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)常，漢乾祐二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)擢進士(shi)第，年(nian)(nian)(nian)二(er)(er)十(shi)一......開寶(bao)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，寢疾，卒于(yu)官(guan)舍(she)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)四十(shi)七(qi)，享年(nian)(nian)(nian)應為公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元928-974年(nian)(nian)(nian)。又載(zai)：夫(fu)人于(yu)氏“太平興國七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)卒于(yu)私第，年(nian)(nian)(nian)四十(shi)七(qi)。”享年(nian)(nian)(nian)應為公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元936-982年(nian)(nian)(nian)。假如于(yu)氏夫(fu)人在十(shi)八歲(sui)生(sheng)長子(zi)(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)謀(mou)，那么鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)謀(mou)的(de)(de)出(chu)生(sheng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)應是后周廣順三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元953年(nian)(nian)(nian)），到《宋(song)會要(yao)輯稿》記載(zai)的(de)(de)“景德(de)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元1005年(nian)(nian)(nian)）正月二(er)(er)十(shi)八，命侍御史(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)謀(mou)為國子(zi)(zi)監考(kao)試知舉(ju)官(guan)”整53歲(sui)。而(er)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠，參閱《宋(song)史(shi)》只(zhi)能查到他的(de)(de)卒年(nian)(nian)(nian)，據(ju)載(zai)：“鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠，開封人，詠十(shi)歲(sui)而(er)孤，父(fu)勵為廣南(nan)轉(zhuan)運使”，又載(zai)：“天(tian)圣八年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1030年(nian)(nian)(nian)）.......判登(deng)聞檢院，明年(nian)(nian)(nian)詠卒。”因此(ci)認定鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠卒于(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元1031年(nian)(nian)(nian)。由此(ci)得出(chu)的(de)(de)輩分排序為：常-仲(zhong)謀(mou)-礪(li)(li)-詠，從年(nian)(nian)(nian)齡結構上是合理的(de)(de)，而(er)《宋(song)史(shi)》中的(de)(de)“勵”亦可為“礪(li)(li)”。

鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲，從(cong)家(jia)譜上(shang)得(de)知是(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲謀長子鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪的(de)(de)嫡傳，那么他的(de)(de)輩分排序應(ying)該怎(zen)樣確定(ding)呢(ni)？首先(xian)，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲上(shang)書彈劾章(zhang)惇(dun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)歷史(shi)上(shang)很有名，各種史(shi)籍多(duo)有記載，時間是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)“北宋(song)元(yuan)符中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”，大(da)約(yue)是(shi)(shi)1099年，歷史(shi)記載：“鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)士(shi)第不久便進(jin)京(jing)上(shang)書，彈劾章(zhang)惇(dun)妨賢誤國，言(yan)極抗直”。湛江吳川(chuan)(chuan)史(shi)志(zhi)上(shang)說(shuo)，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲是(shi)(shi)吳川(chuan)(chuan)歷史(shi)上(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)士(shi)的(de)(de)第一人(ren)(ren)。進(jin)一步分析，一般(ban)參加(jia)科考(kao)都在(zai)(zai)(zai)青壯(zhuang)年，像(xiang)范進(jin)那樣七老八十(shi)了才中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)舉人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)，即(ji)使不是(shi)(shi)小說(shuo)的(de)(de)夸張也是(shi)(shi)特例。彈劾事件既然發生在(zai)(zai)(zai)元(yuan)符中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，此時鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲正當(dang)青壯(zhuang)年的(de)(de)四(si)十(shi)歲以前，而鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠卒年在(zai)(zai)(zai)1031年，青壯(zhuang)年的(de)(de)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲同卒年的(de)(de)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠就已知時間判斷就相差(cha)68年，因為(wei)是(shi)(shi)直系傳人(ren)(ren)，68年至(zhi)少應(ying)傳續三代以上(shang)。吳川(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)一位(wei)網友認為(wei)：鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠是(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲之父。這(zhe)個(ge)顯然不合邏輯，假設鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠病逝時鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲年方(fang)一歲，到元(yuan)符中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)1099年已經是(shi)(shi)68歲的(de)(de)老人(ren)(ren)，偌(ruo)大(da)年紀尚能遠涉幾(ji)千(qian)里，風塵仆仆的(de)(de)從(cong)吳川(chuan)(chuan)到汴(bian)京(jing)上(shang)訪告狀(zhuang)這(zhe)可(ke)能嗎？因此鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲應(ying)是(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)詠的(de)(de)孫(sun)輩或(huo)曾孫(sun)輩比較合理。

其次，鞠(ju)(ju)杲中第(di)是在(zai)吳(wu)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，吳(wu)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)在(zai)北(bei)(bei)宋(song)隸(li)屬廣南(nan)(nan)東(dong)路(lu)(lu)，其祖鞠(ju)(ju)礪又擔(dan)(dan)任過(guo)廣南(nan)(nan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)使(shi)，看來(lai)(lai)鞠(ju)(ju)杲居吳(wu)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是有歷史(shi)原因的(de)(de)。北(bei)(bei)宋(song)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)使(shi)權(quan)力很大(da)，負責軍(jun)隊的(de)(de)軍(jun)需糧草供應和(he)漕(cao)運(yun)(yun)，相當于現(xian)在(zai)的(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)勤部(bu)(bu)長，主要(yao)官(guan)員(yuan)由(you)兵部(bu)(bu)委派(pai)，不受地(di)方轄制。廣南(nan)(nan)路(lu)(lu)分東(dong)路(lu)(lu)和(he)西(xi)路(lu)(lu)，廣南(nan)(nan)東(dong)路(lu)(lu)為(wei)(wei)現(xian)在(zai)的(de)(de)廣東(dong)，西(xi)路(lu)(lu)是廣西(xi)，吳(wu)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)縣北(bei)(bei)“十一(yi)都溫(wen)口(kou)村（宋(song)代(dai)歷史(shi)名稱）”正(zheng)好在(zai)廣南(nan)(nan)東(dong)路(lu)(lu)漕(cao)運(yun)(yun)的(de)(de)要(yao)道(dao)上，是鞠(ju)(ju)礪工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)必經之地(di)，家(jia)住開封的(de)(de)鞠(ju)(ju)礪在(zai)此選(xuan)擇一(yi)塊風水寶地(di)投(tou)資(zi)田(tian)產很正(zheng)常。想當初鞠(ju)(ju)仲謀從雍熙二年(nian)到端拱(gong)二年(nian)作(zuo)(zuo)康樂（今(jin)江西(xi)萬載）主簿，利用(yong)五年(nian)的(de)(de)積蓄為(wei)(wei)二兒子(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)砥在(zai)石崗投(tou)資(zi)一(yi)塊田(tian)產，可能是認為(wei)(wei)鞠(ju)(ju)砥仕途(tu)無望的(de)(de)長遠打算(suan)。而此時的(de)(de)長子(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)礪，一(yi)定是成績優異，為(wei)(wei)父(fu)也一(yi)定看出他將來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)仕途(tu)無量，果然(ran)入仕后(hou)(hou)，先任尚書善部(bu)(bu)員(yuan)外郎，后(hou)(hou)任廣南(nan)(nan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)使(shi)，可謂官(guan)運(yun)(yun)亨通。鞠(ju)(ju)仲謀早期也曾擔(dan)(dan)任過(guo)陜西(xi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)使(shi)，后(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai)升到兵部(bu)(bu)員(yuan)外郎，父(fu)子(zi)倆(lia)先后(hou)(hou)在(zai)一(yi)個系(xi)統任職(zhi)，真是一(yi)榮俱榮啊。可惜，鞠(ju)(ju)礪英年(nian)早逝。

新建西(xi)(xi)山鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏譜序上說(shuo)：西(xi)(xi)山萬(wan)壽宮鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏的始遷(qian)祖是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)(gao)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)守靈而(er)舉家遷(qian)徙(xi)。從時(shi)(shi)間上分析，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)(gao)的遷(qian)徙(xi)應該(gai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)卒后(hou)(hou)100多年(nian)(nian)的事(shi)了(le)(le)，而(er)距鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥遷(qian)石崗最少(shao)也(ye)晚了(le)(le)120年(nian)(nian)。金田鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)氏明朝(chao)萬(wan)歷(li)三(san)十(shi)(shi)八年(nian)(nian)九月譜序載(zai)：鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大宋景(jing)(jing)(jing)德(de)二十(shi)(shi)四賢之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)，為(wei)了(le)(le)表彰(zhang)他(ta)生前(qian)對(dui)朝(chao)廷(ting)做出的貢(gong)獻，死后(hou)(hou)由(you)宋真宗欽勅“柩葬(zang)(zang)大嶺......命(ming)子(zi)孫(sun)就而(er)居(ju)焉(yan)。”關于景(jing)(jing)(jing)德(de)二十(shi)(shi)四賢歷(li)史有記載(zai)，《資(zi)治通(tong)鑒卷(juan)二十(shi)(shi)四》載(zai)：“帝密采(cai)群(qun)臣之(zhi)(zhi)有聞望者，得刑部郎(lang)中(zhong)邊肅，殿中(zhong)丞鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)......凡二十(shi)(shi)四人(ren)......或(huo)(huo)命(ming)為(wei)省府判官，或(huo)(huo)升其(qi)差使焉(yan)。”鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)名列第二。“景(jing)(jing)(jing)德(de)二十(shi)(shi)四賢”，這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)朝(chao)廷(ting)對(dui)現任(ren)(ren)官員政績的一(yi)種(zhong)褒獎(jiang)，這(zhe)說(shuo)明在(zai)北(bei)宋景(jing)(jing)(jing)德(de)四年(nian)(nian)（公(gong)(gong)元1007年(nian)(nian)）以前(qian)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)仍在(zai)任(ren)(ren)上，而(er)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi)長(chang)子(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪(li)已(yi)經先父(fu)而(er)終，由(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)判斷，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)享年(nian)(nian)應在(zai)六(liu)十(shi)(shi)歲(sui)以內。“大嶺”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)葬(zang)(zang)地，宋代的大嶺今(jin)無可(ke)考，很可(ke)能是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)今(jin)天西(xi)(xi)山前(qian)面的某一(yi)個地方。“命(ming)子(zi)孫(sun)就而(er)居(ju)焉(yan)”就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)責令子(zi)孫(sun)就地居(ju)住，世(shi)代守靈。丁憂是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)古(gu)代行(xing)孝(xiao)的一(yi)種(zhong)制(zhi)度，一(yi)般由(you)兒子(zi)來執行(xing)，規定是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)結廬墓旁，披麻戴孝(xiao)，守靈三(san)年(nian)(nian)。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)公(gong)(gong)逝世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)，長(chang)子(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)礪(li)或(huo)(huo)已(yi)亡故，守靈的重(zhong)任(ren)(ren)自然(ran)落(luo)在(zai)次子(zi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥身(shen)上，因此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)砥及其(qi)后(hou)(hou)代應是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)第一(yi)波參與守靈的人(ren)。北(bei)宋元符中(zhong)即1099年(nian)(nian)，鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)(gao)尚在(zai)吳川，因此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，遷(qian)徙(xi)時(shi)(shi)間應是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)杲(gao)(gao)上告章惇失敗被“貶(bian)謫(zhe)終身(shen)”后(hou)(hou)，方才舉家遷(qian)往洪州西(xi)(xi)山，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi)應該(gai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鞠(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)謀(mou)(mou)逝后(hou)(hou)大約90~100年(nian)(nian)的事(shi)了(le)(le)。