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基本介紹

新洲龍(long)王白蓮(lian)新鮮籽蓮(lian)殼色淡綠，粒(li)形卵圓，清香、味甜、質脆；干蓮(lian)米(mi)色白粒(li)圓、易(yi)燉(dun)煮不(bu)糊、口感粉(fen)糯、湯色玉瑩。

地域產地

新(xin)(xin)洲(zhou)龍王白蓮產(chan)于漲渡(du)湖(hu)周邊雙柳街(jie)的(de)濱湖(hu)、齊頭咀(ju)、西(xi)灘湖(hu)、蓮湖(hu)、家湖(hu)、原種場、大白湖(hu)、黃泥洲(zhou)、大屋基、鎮北等10村(cun)(cun)和(he)龍王咀(ju)農(nong)場；漲渡(du)湖(hu)街(jie)的(de)沙湖(hu)、扁擔列、沐(mu)家涇、青泥湖(hu)、創新(xin)(xin)堤(di)、落兒灣、楊柳灣等7個(ge)村(cun)(cun)；汪集街(jie)的(de)馮鋪、安仁(ren)、復興(xing)、咀(ju)阜(fu)村(cun)(cun)等4村(cun)(cun)；陽邏街(jie)的(de)蘆山(shan)、和(he)平(ping)、七湖(hu)、朱店、南山(shan)、陳咀(ju)、胡咀(ju)、向陽、月(yue)明等9個(ge)村(cun)(cun)，共30個(ge)村(cun)(cun)和(he)1個(ge)農(nong)場。地(di)域范圍為(wei)東經114°36′51″～114°50′22″，北緯30°35′42″～30°45′18″。地(di)域總面積1萬公頃，新(xin)(xin)洲(zhou)龍王白蓮保護區面積1333.3公頃，年產(chan)量67.5萬千(qian)克。

品質特點

（1）外(wai)在(zai)感(gan)官特征 新洲龍王白蓮新鮮(xian)籽蓮殼色(se)淡綠，粒(li)形(xing)卵圓，清香、味甜、質脆；干蓮米色(se)白粒(li)圓、易燉(dun)煮不糊、口感(gan)粉糯、湯色(se)玉(yu)瑩。

（2）內(nei)在(zai)品質指標(biao) 新洲龍王白(bai)蓮營養(yang)豐富，向有“蓮參(can)”之譽。其蛋白(bai)質≥17.5g/100g；脂(zhi)肪(fang)≤1.50g/100g；淀粉(fen)≥48.0g/100g。

（3）質(zhi)量安全規(gui)定 新洲龍王白蓮(lian)產地環(huan)境必(bi)需(xu)符(fu)(fu)(fu)合食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)農產品產地環(huan)境質(zhi)量評價標準HJ/T332的規(gui)定，農業投入品使用(yong)(yong)必(bi)需(xu)符(fu)(fu)(fu)合食(shi)(shi)品衛生(sheng)通用(yong)(yong)標準GB2762，產品質(zhi)量必(bi)需(xu)符(fu)(fu)(fu)合GB2763的要求。

生長環境

新(xin)洲(zhou)區(qu)(qu)水(shui)(shui)資源豐沛(pei)，境內水(shui)(shui)網如(ru)織，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊、水(shui)(shui)庫星(xing)羅棋布，舉水(shui)(shui)、倒水(shui)(shui)、沙河三條河流(liu)縱貫全區(qu)(qu)，長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)繞境而過(guo)。位于新(xin)洲(zhou)區(qu)(qu)南(nan)部(bu)的長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)中游濕(shi)地自然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)——漲(zhang)渡湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)主湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)面7.8萬畝(mu)，子湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)（七湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、陶家大(da)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、安仁湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)等(deng)）17個、水(shui)(shui)面5.1萬畝(mu)，湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)總水(shui)(shui)面13萬畝(mu)。 發源于大(da)別山脈的倒水(shui)(shui)、舉水(shui)(shui)，在(zai)流(liu)經新(xin)洲(zhou)全境后(hou)，挾漲(zhang)渡湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)而注(zhu)入(ru)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)。漲(zhang)渡湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)襟(jin)江(jiang)(jiang)帶河，水(shui)(shui)域遼闊，土地廣袤而肥沃，自然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)而然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)成(cheng)(cheng)為魚(yu)米之鄉和濕(shi)地自然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)。 漲(zhang)渡湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)潔凈，泥壤(rang)松軟，富(fu)含(han)有機(ji)質(zhi)，地溫波(bo)動(dong)小且長(chang)(chang)年偏(pian)低，致(zhi)使新(xin)洲(zhou)龍王白(bai)(bai)蓮較其它地區(qu)(qu)的白(bai)(bai)蓮成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)期(qi)延長(chang)(chang)15-20天。得天獨厚的自然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)環境，造就了新(xin)洲(zhou)龍王白(bai)(bai)蓮的獨特品質(zhi)特征。

生產情況

為了(le)保持新(xin)洲龍王白蓮的(de)獨特品質(zhi)，確保其(qi)質(zhi)量安(an)全，制定如下控制措施：

1、產地(di)(di)要求：在水質(zhi)潔凈、有機質(zhi)豐富、地(di)(di)勢低凹的(de)漲渡湖地(di)(di)區種植(zhi)，且產地(di)(di)環(huan)境符合HJ/T322的(de)規定。最好選用放養2-3年淡(dan)(dan)水魚(yu)(yu)的(de)標準魚(yu)(yu)池(chi)作為蓮(lian)田。種白(bai)蓮(lian)3年后改養淡(dan)(dan)水魚(yu)(yu)，既可減輕白(bai)蓮(lian)病害，又可利用魚(yu)(yu)池(chi)淤泥肥效。

2、品(pin)種(zhong)范圍：從二十(shi)(shi)(shi)世(shi)紀(ji)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)代(dai)末開始，新洲蓮(lian)農引進(jin)(jin)福建蓮(lian)苗(miao)在本地試(shi)種(zhong)成功后大(da)面積(ji)推(tui)廣，八十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)代(dai)引進(jin)(jin)湘蓮(lian)，九(jiu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)代(dai)又(you)引進(jin)(jin)太空蓮(lian)，新洲龍王白蓮(lian)品(pin)種(zhong)以(yi)建蓮(lian)為主(zhu)。其次對種(zhong)藕的(de)選擇：要求品(pin)種(zhong)純正(zheng)、上年(nian)單產高、未發生病害的(de)留種(zhong)田里的(de)種(zhong)藕。做到邊挖邊選，以(yi)具有本品(pin)種(zhong)特性(xing)、色澤新鮮、節間短、無(wu)病斑(ban)、無(wu)損傷(shang)、頂芽完整，具有二節以(yi)上的(de)主(zhu)藕和二節以(yi)上子藕作種(zhong)。

3、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產控制 ①施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)足基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。3月(yue)下旬至4月(yue)上(shang)旬，每(mei)畝(mu)蓮(lian)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)均(jun)勻(yun)潑施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)充分(fen)腐熟的(de)(de)畜禽糞便(bian)500-1000公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)左右，留3-6cm的(de)(de)水(shui)待植。 ②適(shi)時(shi)移栽(zai)(zai)(zai)。氣溫(wen)穩(wen)定通過(guo)12℃，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)在4月(yue)上(shang)中(zhong)旬移栽(zai)(zai)(zai)為宜(yi)(yi)(yi)。種(zhong)植密(mi)度一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)以每(mei)畝(mu)種(zhong)植180-200株藕種(zhong)為宜(yi)(yi)(yi)，株行(xing)距1.7-2米(mi)。早(zao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)稀，遲栽(zai)(zai)(zai)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)密(mi);高(gao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)稀、中(zhong)低肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)密(mi)。尾梢往上(shang)，藕頭埋入泥(ni)中(zhong)10-13厘米(mi)。 ③中(zhong)耕除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)草(cao)(cao)。采(cai)用(yong)人工(gong)(gong)拔(ba)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)或翻埋的(de)(de)方(fang)法及時(shi)中(zhong)耕除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)草(cao)(cao)，絕(jue)不用(yong)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)草(cao)(cao)劑除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)草(cao)(cao)。當蓮(lian)主莖抽(chou)出第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)立葉(xie)時(shi)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)耘(yun)(yun)(yun)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)草(cao)(cao)，之后每(mei)隔10-15天(tian)(tian)耘(yun)(yun)(yun)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)荷葉(xie)封(feng)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)為止。耘(yun)(yun)(yun)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)前先(xian)行(xing)排水(shui)，只保持(chi)(chi)泥(ni)皮水(shui)，耘(yun)(yun)(yun)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)時(shi)將(jiang)雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)拔(ba)盡并(bing)埋入泥(ni)中(zhong)，達到(dao)(dao)(dao)泥(ni)爛、面平、無雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)要(yao)求。除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)草(cao)(cao)結(jie)合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)同(tong)時(shi)進行(xing)，可(ke)使肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料深(shen)(shen)埋，提(ti)高(gao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)效。 ④水(shui)分(fen)管理。淺水(shui)勤灌，栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植團(tuan)內保持(chi)(chi)4-5厘米(mi)的(de)(de)水(shui)層，遇寒潮(chao)天(tian)(tian)氣適(shi)當加(jia)深(shen)(shen)水(shui)層保溫(wen)。花(hua)蓬(peng)期(qi)(qi)氣溫(wen)較高(gao)，水(shui)層應加(jia)深(shen)(shen)至15-20厘米(mi)，注意(yi)要(yao)逐漸(jian)加(jia)深(shen)(shen)。 ⑤科(ke)學施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。蓮(lian)子(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育期(qi)(qi)長，耗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)大(da)，掌握(wo)“苗(miao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)輕、花(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)重(zhong)、子(zi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)全”原則，分(fen)期(qi)(qi)多(duo)次(ci)(ci)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)。第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)葉(xie)抽(chou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)后(成(cheng)苗(miao)期(qi)(qi))結(jie)合(he)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)耘(yun)(yun)(yun)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)追施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)苗(miao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，畝(mu)用(yong)尿(niao)素5公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)、氯化(hua)鉀2.5公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，點施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在蓮(lian)苗(miao)周圍(wei)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)后即行(xing)耘(yun)(yun)(yun)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)；始(shi)(shi)花(hua)期(qi)(qi)重(zhong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)花(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，于第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)花(hua)蕾(lei)出現時(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)，畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素7.5公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)加(jia)氯化(hua)鉀4公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，全田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)均(jun)勻(yun)撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不能將(jiang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料撒到(dao)(dao)(dao)荷葉(xie)或花(hua)上(shang)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)間保留3-5厘米(mi)水(shui)層；結(jie)蓬(peng)初期(qi)(qi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壯子(zi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素5公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，氯化(hua)鉀2.5公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)、硼砂0.5公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)法同(tong)上(shang)。之后每(mei)過(guo)10-15天(tian)(tian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(每(mei)次(ci)(ci)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料用(yong)量(liang)遞減10％)，視田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)間荷苗(miao)長勢，全程不超(chao)過(guo)6次(ci)(ci)。 ⑥綜(zong)合(he)防(fang)治。農業防(fang)治：科(ke)學管水(shui)，即淺水(shui)（5cm）長苗(miao)、深(shen)(shen)水(shui)（20cm）開(kai)花(hua)結(jie)實，通過(guo)健身栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培提(ti)高(gao)蓮(lian)苗(miao)的(de)(de)抗逆性；物(wu)理防(fang)治：頻振式殺(sha)蟲(chong)燈誘(you)(you)殺(sha)斜(xie)紋夜盜蛾成(cheng)蟲(chong)，黃板誘(you)(you)殺(sha)蚜蟲(chong)；生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)治：性引(yin)誘(you)(you)劑誘(you)(you)殺(sha)斜(xie)紋夜盜蛾成(cheng)蟲(chong)，人工(gong)(gong)摘除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)荷葉(xie)上(shang)的(de)(de)斜(xie)紋夜盜蛾卵塊并(bing)踩入泥(ni)中(zhong)；化(hua)學防(fang)治：腐敗病是蓮(lian)藕的(de)(de)主要(yao)病害(hai)，關鍵是做好蓮(lian)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)和(he)藕種(zhong)消毒(du)。發(fa)病初期(qi)(qi)，全田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)石灰50—60公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。 ⑦適(shi)時(shi)采(cai)收(shou)。采(cai)收(shou)工(gong)(gong)作分(fen)批進行(xing)，當蓮(lian)蓬(peng)是紫褐色或黃褐色時(shi)及時(shi)采(cai)收(shou)，以便(bian)去(qu)殼、去(qu)芯。