史(shi)和文化史(shi)上都占(zhan)有(you)重要地(di)位(wei)。在當時(shi)世界上也是獨一(yi)無(wu)二的。全(quan)書共7100余字，記(ji)述(shu)了木工(gong)(gong)、金工(gong)(gong)、皮革、染(ran)色(se)、刮磨(mo)、陶瓷等六大(da)類(lei)30個工(gong)(gong)種的內(nei)容，反映出當時(shi)中國所(suo)達到的科(ke)技及工(gong)(gong)藝水平。此外《考工(gong)(gong)記(ji)》還有(you)數(shu)學(xue)(xue)、地(di)理學(xue)(xue)、力(li)學(xue)(xue)、聲學(xue)(xue)、建筑學(xue)(xue)等多(duo)方面的知識(shi)和經驗總結。
關于《考(kao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)記》的(de)作者(zhe)和(he)成書(shu)年代，長期(qi)以來學術界有不同(tong)看法。有學者(zhe)認為，《考(kao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)記》是齊國(guo)(guo)官書(shu)（齊國(guo)(guo)政府制(zhi)定的(de)指導、監督和(he)考(kao)核官府手(shou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)匠勞動制(zhi)度的(de)書(shu)），作者(zhe)為齊稷(ji)下(xia)學宮的(de)學者(zhe)；《考(kao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)記》主體內(nei)(nei)容編纂(zuan)于春秋末(mo)至戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)初(chu)，部分內(nei)(nei)容補(bu)于戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)中晚期(qi)。
世界最早的(de)合(he)金配比文獻：
《考(kao)工(gong)記》中記載(zai)了我國古代創制(zhi)的六(liu)種銅錫比例不同的合(he)金成分配比，稱之為“六(liu)齊(qi)(qi)”，是(shi)中國也(ye)是(shi)世(shi)界上最早的合(he)金配制(zhi)記載(zai)，故其(qi)科(ke)學價值為許(xu)多學者所關(guan)注。“齊(qi)(qi)”，“劑”也(ye)，就(jiu)是(shi)混合(he)物及其(qi)配方。
實踐得知(zhi)，含錫達(da)到25%以(yi)上(shang)的器物，脆弱且不能用，若果達(da)到50%則稍碰即碎。
今所見的(de)《考(kao)(kao)工記(ji)》是作為(wei)《周(zhou)禮(li)》的(de)一部分(fen)。《周(zhou)禮(li)》原名《周(zhou)官(guan)》，由"天官(guan)"、"地官(guan)"、"春官(guan)"、"夏官(guan)"、"秋官(guan)"、"冬官(guan)"六篇組成(cheng)。西漢時，"冬官(guan)"篇佚缺，河間獻王劉德便取《考(kao)(kao)工記(ji)》補入。劉歆(xin)校書編排時改《周(zhou)官(guan)》為(wei)《周(zhou)禮(li)》，故(gu)《考(kao)(kao)工記(ji)》又稱《周(zhou)禮(li)·考(kao)(kao)工記(ji)》（或(huo)《周(zhou)禮(li)·冬官(guan)考(kao)(kao)工記(ji)》）。
《考(kao)(kao)工記(ji)》篇幅并不長，但科技信(xin)息(xi)含量卻相當大(da)，內容涉及先秦時代(dai)(dai)的(de)制車、兵(bing)器、禮器、鐘磬、練(lian)染、建(jian)筑、水利等(deng)手工業技術，還涉及天文、生物(wu)、數學(xue)、物(wu)理(li)、化學(xue)等(deng)自然科學(xue)知識。正因為此，歷代(dai)(dai)有(you)(you)關《考(kao)(kao)工記(ji)》的(de)注釋和研(yan)究層出不窮，其中成績(ji)卓著的(de)學(xue)者，早期有(you)(you)漢代(dai)(dai)的(de)鄭(zheng)玄，中期有(you)(you)唐代(dai)(dai)的(de)賈公彥，晚期有(you)(you)清代(dai)(dai)的(de)戴震、程瑤田、孫(sun)詒讓等(deng)。
進(jin)入(ru)20世紀(ji)，西方科(ke)(ke)學(xue)技術(shu)的傳(chuan)入(ru)，科(ke)(ke)學(xue)考(kao)(kao)古的開展，使對《考(kao)(kao)工記》的研(yan)(yan)(yan)究進(jin)入(ru)了一(yi)個新階段。研(yan)(yan)(yan)究者利用科(ke)(ke)學(xue)的手段和思(si)維方法，利用考(kao)(kao)古實(shi)物和模擬實(shi)驗資料(liao)，對《考(kao)(kao)工記》所涉(she)及的古代技術(shu)、科(ke)(ke)學(xue)知識以(yi)及社會(hui)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)中的問題進(jin)行專題研(yan)(yan)(yan)究，發表了許多論文(wen)，在整體(ti)上把《考(kao)(kao)工記》研(yan)(yan)(yan)究提升到一(yi)個新水平。
中國(guo)先秦(qin)時期手工藝專著。作者不詳。據傳西漢(han)時《周官(guan)》（即《周禮》）缺《冬官(guan)》篇而(er)以(yi)此補(bu)入，得以(yi)流傳至今。全文(wen)約(yue)7000多(duo)字(zi)，記述了木工、金工、皮革(ge)工、染色工、玉工、陶工等6大類、30個工種(zhong)，其中6種(zhong)已失(shi)傳，后(hou)又衍(yan)生出1種(zhong)，實(shi)存25個工種(zhong)的內容(rong)。
《考(kao)工記》分別(bie)介紹了車輿(yu)、宮室、兵器以及禮樂之器等的制作工藝(yi)和檢驗(yan)方法，涉及數學(xue)、力學(xue)、聲學(xue)、冶金學(xue)、建筑學(xue)等方面的知(zhi)識(shi)和經(jing)驗(yan)總(zong)結。清(qing)代學(xue)者戴震著(zhu)有(you)(you)《考(kao)工記圖(tu)》、程瑤田著(zhu)有(you)(you)《考(kao)工創物小記》等有(you)(you)關研究著(zhu)作。
重視發展社會生(sheng)產力
《考(kao)工(gong)記》十分重視生產(chan)工(gong)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)造和改(gai)進，體現了(le)它重視發(fa)展生產(chan)力的(de)(de)(de)思想。馎是(shi)(shi)(shi)鋤田器(qi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)春秋(qiu)時期一種重要的(de)(de)(de)農具(ju)。斧、斤(jin)(jin)、鑿、曲(qu)刀、量(liang)器(qi)等則是(shi)(shi)(shi)手工(gong)業生產(chan)不(bu)可(ke)少的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)具(ju)。《考(kao)工(gong)記》從青銅(tong)手工(gong)業的(de)(de)(de)冶鑄技術角(jiao)度對這類器(qi)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)作工(gong)藝(yi)進行了(le)總結，“攻(gong)金之工(gong)，筑氏(shi)(shi)執(zhi)下齊，冶氏(shi)(shi)執(zhi)上齊，鳧氏(shi)(shi)為聲，栗氏(shi)(shi)為量(liang)，段氏(shi)(shi)為馎器(qi)，桃氏(shi)(shi)為刃”。“五(wu)分其金，而(er)錫(xi)(xi)居(ju)一，謂之斧斤(jin)(jin)之齊”，指出“斧斤(jin)(jin)之齊”和包括馎器(qi)在內的(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)工(gong)具(ju)所(suo)需(xu)銅(tong)和錫(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)例(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)比(bi)一。車輛在春秋(qiu)時期不(bu)僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)重要的(de)(de)(de)戰爭工(gong)具(ju)，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)常見的(de)(de)(de)交通運(yun)輸工(gong)具(ju)。
《考工(gong)記》對車(che)(che)的制(zhi)作甚為重(zhong)視，它提出只(zhi)有把車(che)(che)輪制(zhi)成正圓，才能使輪與地(di)(di)面的接觸面“微至(zhi)”，從而減小阻力(li)以保證車(che)(che)輛行(xing)(xing)駛“戚速”。它還規定(ding)制(zhi)造行(xing)(xing)平地(di)(di)的“大(da)車(che)(che)”和(he)行(xing)(xing)山地(di)(di)的“柏車(che)(che)”的轂(gu)長(chang)（兩輪間橫木長(chang)度(du)）和(he)輻長(chang)（連(lian)接軸心和(he)輪圈的木條長(chang)度(du)），各有一定(ding)尺寸，說“行(xing)(xing)澤者(zhe)欲(yu)短(duan)(duan)轂(gu)，行(xing)(xing)山者(zhe)欲(yu)長(chang)轂(gu)。短(duan)(duan)轂(gu)則利，長(chang)轂(gu)則安”。這種(zhong)工(gong)藝也是按照不(bu)同地(di)(di)勢條件以求達到較大(da)的行(xing)(xing)駛效率。
《考(kao)工(gong)(gong)記》還十分(fen)重(zhong)視水(shui)(shui)利灌溉工(gong)(gong)程的規(gui)劃和興(xing)修(xiu)，它(ta)記述(shu)了包括“澮”（大溝(gou)）、“洫”（中溝(gou)）、“遂”（小(xiao)溝(gou)）和“畎”（田間(jian)小(xiao)溝(gou)）在內的當(dang)時(shi)的溝(gou)渠(qu)系統，并指出要因地(di)勢水(shui)(shui)勢修(xiu)筑溝(gou)渠(qu)堤防(fang)，或使水(shui)(shui)暢流，或使水(shui)(shui)蓄積以便利用(yong)。對于堤防(fang)的工(gong)(gong)程要求和建筑堤防(fang)的施工(gong)(gong)經驗，它(ta)也作了詳細(xi)的記述(shu)。
重視生(sheng)產經營和經濟效益
《考工(gong)(gong)記》將制(zhi)作精工(gong)(gong)產(chan)品規(gui)定為手工(gong)(gong)業生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)目(mu)標(biao)，而(er)將天時、地(di)氣(qi)、材美和工(gong)(gong)巧以(yi)(yi)及四者的(de)結合(he)，看作必(bi)備(bei)的(de)條件和重要的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)方(fang)法。它認(ren)為天時節令的(de)變化會影響原(yuan)材料(liao)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，進而(er)影響制(zhi)成品的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)強調“弓人為弓，取六(liu)材必(bi)以(yi)(yi)其時”。它重視地(di)氣(qi)，是(shi)由于某些地(di)方(fang)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)某種原(yuan)材料(liao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)較優(you)，或者有制(zhi)造某種工(gong)(gong)藝的(de)優(you)良傳統。它說，“鄭之(zhi)(zhi)刀(dao)，宋(song)之(zhi)(zhi)斤，魯之(zhi)(zhi)削，吳粵(yue)（越(yue)）之(zhi)(zhi)劍，遷乎其地(di)而(er)不能為良，地(di)氣(qi)然也”。至于工(gong)(gong)巧，它認(ren)為是(shi)與(yu)分工(gong)(gong)有關。
《考工(gong)(gong)(gong)記》所記述的手工(gong)(gong)(gong)業，分(fen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)細密，攻木之(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)七種(zhong)(zhong)，攻金之(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)六種(zhong)(zhong)，攻皮之(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)五(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)，設(she)色(se)之(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)五(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)，刮摩之(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)（玉石之(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)）有(you)(you)五(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)，搏(bo)埴之(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)（陶(tao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)）有(you)(you)二種(zhong)(zhong)。分(fen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)細密，人盡其能，則有(you)(you)助于工(gong)(gong)(gong)匠(jiang)技藝專精(jing)。它(ta)對“工(gong)(gong)(gong)”的見解非常卓越(yue)。它(ta)說，“知(zhi)者創物，巧者述之(zhi)(zhi)，守之(zhi)(zhi)，世謂之(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)”，這(zhe)是對不斷創新，提高工(gong)(gong)(gong)效(xiao)，保持優良傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的歌(ge)頌(song)。
在(zai)生產經(jing)營上，為了(le)使制成品(pin)合乎規格(ge)，保(bao)證良好的效益，需設工師專管。《考(kao)工記》對(dui)此也作(zuo)了(le)記述，“凡試梓飲(yin)器，鄉(xiang)衡(heng)而實不(bu)盡，梓師罪之(zhi)”，這是(shi)說工師檢驗(yan)梓人所制的飲(yin)器，如(ru)平爵向口，爵中還(huan)留有余瀝，便不(bu)合標準，梓人就要受到(dao)處罰。《考(kao)工記》還(huan)指(zhi)出(chu)在(zai)市(shi)場上用于交(jiao)換(huan)的手工業制品(pin)，必(bi)須符合規格(ge)，為買者(zhe)樂(le)于接受，殘次品(pin)不(bu)能上市(shi)。
為(wei)了提高效益，必(bi)須精(jing)于(yu)算(suan)計。《考工記(ji)》以(yi)修筑溝(gou)防(fang)(fang)為(wei)例，提出“凡(fan)溝(gou)防(fang)(fang)，必(bi)一日先深之以(yi)為(wei)式，里(li)為(wei)式，然后可(ke)以(yi)傅(fu)眾力(li)”。就是(shi)說，在溝(gou)防(fang)(fang)修筑中，應以(yi)勞工一天(tian)完成(cheng)(cheng)的進度作標(biao)準，以(yi)完成(cheng)(cheng)一里(li)地的勞力(li)和日數來計算(suan)整(zheng)個(ge)工程所需的人(ren)力(li)。
言官府工業而不非議民間工業
《考工(gong)記(ji)》開(kai)宗明義就(jiu)說(shuo)(shuo)，“國有(you)(you)(you)六(liu)職，百工(gong)與(yu)居一(yi)焉(yan)”。這一(yi)方(fang)面是說(shuo)(shuo)“百工(gong)”的重要(yao)性，另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)面也說(shuo)(shuo)明“百工(gong)”是屬于(yu)官(guan)府手工(gong)業。鄭玄注(zhu)說(shuo)(shuo)，“百工(gong)司空(kong)事(shi)官(guan)之屬”，“監(jian)百工(gong)者，唐虞(yu)已上曰共工(gong)”。雖然(ran)《考工(gong)記(ji)》所記(ji)都是官(guan)工(gong)，但它說(shuo)(shuo)有(you)(you)(you)些諸侯國對于(yu)有(you)(you)(you)些產品，并沒有(you)(you)(you)設官(guan)工(gong)制造。
它指出其(qi)原因是：“粵（越）之(zhi)無(wu)馎(bo)(bo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非(fei)無(wu)馎(bo)(bo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)而(er)能(neng)為(wei)馎(bo)(bo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。燕之(zhi)無(wu)函也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非(fei)無(wu)函也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)而(er)能(neng)為(wei)函也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。秦(qin)之(zhi)無(wu)廬也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非(fei)無(wu)廬也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)而(er)能(neng)為(wei)廬也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。胡之(zhi)無(wu)弓車也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，非(fei)無(wu)弓車也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)而(er)能(neng)為(wei)弓車也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。
這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)說，這(zhe)些諸(zhu)侯(hou)國和(he)有的(de)(de)地區，或(huo)由于山出(chu)銅(tong)錫，或(huo)由于地處(chu)邊區，所以民(min)間(jian)都能(neng)制(zhi)造這(zhe)些產品，而不必(bi)專門(men)設官(guan)制(zhi)造。《考工記》對于民(min)間(jian)手工業的(de)(de)肯定(ding)態度是(shi)(shi)與春(chun)秋(qiu)時期的(de)(de)社會(hui)改革(ge)相一致的(de)(de)，也(ye)與它認(ren)為(wei)“工”是(shi)(shi)“知者創(chuang)物”等(deng)的(de)(de)見解相符合(he)。
全文內容編輯
國有六職，百工(gong)與居一焉。或(huo)(huo)坐而論(lun)道，或(huo)(huo)作而行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，或(huo)(huo)審(shen)曲面執，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飭(chi)五材，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辨民器(qi)，或(huo)(huo)通四(si)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)珍(zhen)異以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)資之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，或(huo)(huo)飭(chi)力(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)長(chang)地(di)財，或(huo)(huo)治絲麻以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。坐而論(lun)道，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王公；作而行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士大夫；審(shen)曲面執，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飭(chi)五材，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辨民器(qi)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)百工(gong)；通四(si)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)珍(zhen)異以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)資之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)商(shang)旅(lv)；飭(chi)力(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)長(chang)地(di)財，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)農夫；治絲麻以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)婦功。
粵(yue)無鏄，燕無函，秦(qin)無廬，胡無弓車(che)。粵(yue)之無鏄也(ye)，非無廬也(ye)，夫人而能為(wei)廬也(ye)；燕之無函也(ye)，非無函也(ye)，夫人而能為(wei)函也(ye)；秦(qin)之無廬也(ye)，非無廬也(ye)，夫人而能為(wei)廬也(ye)；胡之無弓車(che)也(ye)，非無弓車(che)也(ye)，夫人而能為(wei)弓車(che)也(ye)。
知(zhi)得(de)創物(wu)，巧(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)者述之(zhi)守之(zhi)，世謂之(zhi)工(gong)(gong)。百工(gong)(gong)之(zhi)事，皆(jie)圣人(ren)之(zhi)作也。爍金(jin)以(yi)為刃，凝土以(yi)為器(qi)，作車(che)以(yi)行陸，作舟行水，此(ci)皆(jie)圣人(ren)之(zhi)所作也。天有(you)時，地有(you)氣(qi)，材(cai)有(you)美，工(gong)(gong)有(you)巧(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)，合此(ci)四者，然(ran)后可以(yi)為良(liang)。材(cai)美工(gong)(gong)巧(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)，然(ran)而不(bu)良(liang)，則(ze)不(bu)時，不(bu)得(de)地氣(qi)也。
橘窬(yu)淮而(er)北為(wei)(wei)(wei)枳，瞿鵒(yu)不(bu)(bu)逾濟，貉逾汶(wen)則死，此地(di)氣(qi)然也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；鄭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)刀，宋(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)斤，魯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)削，吳(wu)粵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍，遷乎其(qi)地(di)而(er)弗(fu)能(neng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)良，地(di)氣(qi)然也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。燕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角，荊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)干(gan)，妢胡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)笴，吳(wu)粵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)金(jin)錫，此材之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美者也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。天有(you)(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)，有(you)(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)殺(sha)；草(cao)木(mu)有(you)(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)，有(you)(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)死，石有(you)(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)泐(le)，水有(you)(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)凝，有(you)(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)澤，此天時(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。凡攻木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)七，攻金(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)六(liu)(liu)(liu)，攻皮(pi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)五(wu)，設色之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)五(wu)，刮(gua)摩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)五(wu)，搏(bo)埴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)二(er)。攻木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)：輪(lun)(lun)、輿、弓、廬、匠、車(che)(che)、梓(zi)；攻金(jin)這工(gong)(gong)(gong)：筑、冶(ye)、鳧(fu)、栗(li)、段(duan)、桃(tao)；攻皮(pi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)：函、鮑、韗、韋(wei)、裘(qiu)；設色之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)：畫(hua)、繢、鍾、筐、?；刮(gua)摩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)：玉、榔、雕、矢、磬(qing)；搏(bo)埴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)：陶、瓬。有(you)(you)(you)虞(yu)氏上(shang)陶，夏后(hou)氏上(shang)匠，殷人(ren)(ren)上(shang)梓(zi)，周(zhou)人(ren)(ren)上(shang)輿。故(gu)一(yi)器而(er)工(gong)(gong)(gong)聚焉(yan)者，車(che)(che)為(wei)(wei)(wei)多。車(che)(che)有(you)(you)(you)六(liu)(liu)(liu)等之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數：車(che)(che)軫四(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)等；戈柲六(liu)(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)有(you)(you)(you)六(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)，即建而(er)迤(yi)，崇(chong)于(yu)(yu)軫四(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)等；人(ren)(ren)長(chang)八(ba)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，崇(chong)于(yu)(yu)戈四(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三等；殳長(chang)尋有(you)(you)(you)四(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，崇(chong)于(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)四(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)等；車(che)(che)戟常，崇(chong)于(yu)(yu)殳四(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)等；酋矛常有(you)(you)(you)四(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，崇(chong)於(wu)戟四(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)等。車(che)(che)謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)等之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數；凡察(cha)車(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，必自(zi)載于(yu)(yu)地(di)者始(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，是故(gu)察(cha)車(che)(che)自(zi)輪(lun)(lun)始(shi)。凡察(cha)車(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，欲其(qi)樸屬而(er)微(wei)至(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)樸屬。無(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)完久也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，不(bu)(bu)微(wei)至(zhi)。無(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)戚速也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。輪(lun)(lun)已崇(chong)，則人(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)登也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，輪(lun)(lun)已庳，則於(wu)馬終古登阤也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)兵車(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輪(lun)(lun)六(liu)(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)有(you)(you)(you)六(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)，田車(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輪(lun)(lun)六(liu)(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)有(you)(you)(you)三寸(cun)，乘車(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輪(lun)(lun)六(liu)(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)有(you)(you)(you)六(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)，六(liu)(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)有(you)(you)(you)六(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輪(lun)(lun)，軹崇(chong)三尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)有(you)(you)(you)三寸(cun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，加(jia)軫與轐(pu)焉(yan)，四(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)長(chang)八(ba)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，登下以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)節。
輪(lun)人為(wei)(wei)輪(lun)，斬(zhan)三材必(bi)(bi)以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時。三材既具，巧者(zhe)和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)者(zhe)，以為(wei)(wei)利轉也(ye)。輻也(ye)者(zhe)，以為(wei)(wei)直(zhi)指也(ye)。牙(ya)(ya)也(ye)者(zhe)，以為(wei)(wei)固(gu)抱也(ye)。輪(lun)敝，三材不(bu)(bu)(bu)失職，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)完(wan)。望(wang)而(er)(er)(er)眡(di)(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輪(lun)，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)幎爾而(er)(er)(er)下迤也(ye)。進而(er)(er)(er)眡(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)微至也(ye)。無(wu)所(suo)(suo)取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，取(qu)諸圜也(ye)。望(wang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輻，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)揱爾而(er)(er)(er)纖也(ye)。進而(er)(er)(er)眡(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)肉稱也(ye)。無(wu)所(suo)(suo)取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，取(qu)諸易直(zhi)也(ye)。望(wang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)眼也(ye)，進而(er)(er)(er)眡(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)幬(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)廉也(ye)。無(wu)所(suo)(suo)取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，取(qu)諸急也(ye)。眡(di)(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)綆，欲(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)蚤(zao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正也(ye)，察(cha)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)菑蚤(zao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)齲，則(ze)(ze)(ze)輪(lun)雖敝不(bu)(bu)(bu)匡。凡斬(zhan)轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，必(bi)(bi)矩其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)陰(yin)陽(yang)。陽(yang)也(ye)者(zhe)，稹理而(er)(er)(er)堅；陰(yin)也(ye)者(zhe)，疏理而(er)(er)(er)柔。是(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)以火養其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)陰(yin)，而(er)(er)(er)齊(qi)諸其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)陽(yang)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)雖敝不(bu)(bu)(bu)蒿?。轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)小而(er)(er)(er)長則(ze)(ze)(ze)柞，大(da)而(er)(er)(er)短則(ze)(ze)(ze)摯。是(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)六分(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輪(lun)崇，以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)牙(ya)(ya)圍，參分(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)牙(ya)(ya)圍，而(er)(er)(er)漆其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)二(er)。槨其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)漆內而(er)(er)(er)中詘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。以為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)長，以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)長為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圍，以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)圍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阝力捎(shao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)藪。五分(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長，去(qu)一(yi)(yi)以為(wei)(wei)賢，去(qu)三以為(wei)(wei)軹。容(rong)轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)必(bi)(bi)直(zhi)，陳篆必(bi)(bi)正，施膠必(bi)(bi)厚，施筋(jin)必(bi)(bi)數(shu)，幬(chou)必(bi)(bi)負(fu)干。既摩，革色青白，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善。參分(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)長，二(er)在外(wai)，一(yi)(yi)在內，以置其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)幅(fu)。凡輻，量其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鑿深(shen)以為(wei)(wei)輻廣。輻廣而(er)(er)(er)鑿淺(qian)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以大(da)扤，雖有(you)良工，莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能固(gu)。鑿深(shen)而(er)(er)(er)輻小，則(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)固(gu)有(you)余，而(er)(er)(er)強不(bu)(bu)(bu)足也(ye)，故(gu)竑其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輻廣，以為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弱，則(ze)(ze)(ze)雖有(you)重任，轂(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)折。
參(can)(can)分其輻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長而(er)殺(sha)其一，則(ze)雖(sui)有深泥，亦(yi)弗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溓也(ye)。參(can)(can)分其股圍，去一以(yi)(yi)為?圍，揉輻必(bi)齊(qi)，平沈必(bi)均，直(zhi)以(yi)(yi)指牙，牙得(de)，則(ze)無槷(yi)而(er)固，不得(de)，則(ze)有槷(yi)必(bi)足見(jian)也(ye)。六(liu)(liu)尺有六(liu)(liu)寸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輪，綆參(can)(can)分寸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)固。凡為輪，行澤(ze)者(zhe)欲杼(zhu)，行山(shan)者(zhe)欲侔(mou)。杼(zhu)以(yi)(yi)行澤(ze)，則(ze)是(shi)刀以(yi)(yi)割涂也(ye)，是(shi)故涂不附(fu)。侔(mou)以(yi)(yi)行山(shan)，則(ze)是(shi)搏以(yi)(yi)行石也(ye)，是(shi)故輪雖(sui)敝不甐于鑿。凡揉牙，外不廉而(er)內不挫(cuo)，旁(pang)不腫(zhong)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用火之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)。是(shi)故規(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)眡(di)(di)其圜也(ye)，萭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)眡(di)(di)其匡也(ye)。縣(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)眡(di)(di)其幅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)直(zhi)也(ye)，水之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)眡(di)(di)其平沈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)均也(ye)，量(liang)其藪以(yi)(yi)黍，以(yi)(yi)眡(di)(di)其同也(ye)，權之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)眡(di)(di)其輕重之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)侔(mou)也(ye)。故可(ke)(ke)規(gui)、可(ke)(ke)萭、可(ke)(ke)水、可(ke)(ke)縣(xian)、可(ke)(ke)量(liang)、可(ke)(ke)權也(ye)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國工(gong)。
輪人為(wei)蓋，達常圍三雨，桯圍倍之，六(liu)寸。信其(qi)桯圍以為(wei)部(bu)廣(guang)(guang)，部(bu)廣(guang)(guang)六(liu)寸。部(bu)長(chang)(chang)二尺(chi)，桯長(chang)(chang)倍之，四尺(chi)者二。十分(fen)寸之一，謂(wei)之枚，部(bu)尊(zun)一枚，弓(gong)鑿廣(guang)(guang)四枚，鑿上二枚，鑿下四枚，鑿深二寸有半，下直二枚，鑿端一枚。弓(gong)長(chang)(chang)六(liu)尺(chi)謂(wei)之庇(bi)(bi)(bi)軹，五尺(chi)謂(wei)之庇(bi)(bi)(bi)輪，四尺(chi)謂(wei)之庇(bi)(bi)(bi)軫，參(can)(can)(can)分(fen)弓(gong)長(chang)(chang)而(er)揉其(qi)一，參(can)(can)(can)分(fen)其(qi)股圍，去一以為(wei)蚤圍。參(can)(can)(can)分(fen)弓(gong)長(chang)(chang)，以其(qi)一為(wei)之尊(zun)，上欲尊(zun)而(er)宇欲卑，上尊(zun)而(er)宇卑，則(ze)吐水(shui)，疾而(er)霤(liu)遠。蓋已崇(chong)，則(ze)難為(wei)門也(ye)，蓋也(ye)卑，是(shi)蔽目也(ye)。是(shi)故(gu)蓋崇(chong)十尺(chi)，良蓋弗冒弗纮，殷畝而(er)馳，不隊，謂(wei)之國工。
輿人(ren)為(wei)(wei)車(che)(che)，輪崇(chong)、車(che)(che)廣、衡(heng)(heng)長參(can)(can)，如一(yi)，謂之參(can)(can)稱(cheng)。參(can)(can)分(fen)(fen)車(che)(che)廣，去(qu)一(yi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)隧。參(can)(can)分(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)隧，一(yi)在(zai)前(qian)，二(er)在(zai)后，在(zai)揉其(qi)(qi)式。以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)廣之半(ban)為(wei)(wei)之式崇(chong)，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)隧之半(ban)為(wei)(wei)之較崇(chong)。六分(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)廣，以(yi)(yi)一(yi)為(wei)(wei)之軫(zhen)圍(wei)(wei)。參(can)(can)分(fen)(fen)軫(zhen)圍(wei)(wei)，去(qu)一(yi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)式圍(wei)(wei)。參(can)(can)分(fen)(fen)式圍(wei)(wei)，去(qu)一(yi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)較圍(wei)(wei)。參(can)(can)分(fen)(fen)較圍(wei)(wei)，去(qu)一(yi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)軹圍(wei)(wei)。參(can)(can)分(fen)(fen)軹圍(wei)(wei)，去(qu)一(yi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)轛圍(wei)(wei)。圜者(zhe)(zhe)中規，方者(zhe)(zhe)中矩，立者(zhe)(zhe)中縣(xian)，衡(heng)(heng)者(zhe)(zhe)中水，直者(zhe)(zhe)如生焉(yan)，繼者(zhe)(zhe)如附焉(yan)。凡居(ju)材，大(da)與(yu)小無并(bing)，大(da)倚(yi)小則(ze)摧，引之則(ze)絕，棧車(che)(che)欲(yu)弇，飾車(che)(che)欲(yu)侈。
辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)人為(wei)(wei)(wei)辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)有三(san)(san)度(du)，軸(zhou)有三(san)(san)理。國馬(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)四尺(chi)有七寸(cun)，田(tian)馬(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)四尺(chi)，駑馬(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)三(san)(san)尺(chi)有三(san)(san)寸(cun)。軸(zhou)有三(san)(san)理：一者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)■也(ye)(ye)；二(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)久也(ye)(ye)；三(san)(san)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)利(li)也(ye)(ye)。軓前十(shi)尺(chi)，而策半之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。凡任(ren)木、任(ren)正(zheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，十(shi)分其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圍(wei)。衡任(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，五分其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)長，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圍(wei)。小于度(du)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)任(ren)。五分其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)軫間，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軸(zhou)圍(wei)。十(shi)分其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)當兔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圍(wei)。參(can)分其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)兔圍(wei)，去(qu)一以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)頸(jing)(jing)圍(wei)。五分其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)頸(jing)(jing)圍(wei)，去(qu)一以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)踵圍(wei)。凡揉辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，欲其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)孫(sun)而無(wu)弧深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。今(jin)夫(fu)大(da)(da)車之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轅摯，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)登(deng)(deng)(deng)又難，既克其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)登(deng)(deng)(deng)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)覆車也(ye)(ye)必易。此(ci)無(wu)故(gu)，唯轅直且無(wu)橈(rao)也(ye)(ye)。是故(gu)大(da)(da)車，平地(di)既節軒摯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)任(ren)，及其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)登(deng)(deng)(deng)阝也(ye)(ye)，不伏其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)轅，必縊其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)牛(niu)。此(ci)無(wu)故(gu)，唯轅直且無(wu)橈(rao)也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)登(deng)(deng)(deng)阤者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，倍任(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)，猶(you)能以(yi)(yi)登(deng)(deng)(deng)，及其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)下阤也(ye)(ye)。不援其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)邸，必緧其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)牛(niu)后。此(ci)無(wu)故(gu)，唯轅直且無(wu)橈(rao)也(ye)(ye)，是故(gu)辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)欲頎典，辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)則折，淺則負。辀(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)注則利(li)準(zhun)，利(li)準(zhun)則久，和則安。
辀欲百無折，經而無絕，進則與馬(ma)謀(mou)，退則與人謀(mou)，終(zhong)目(mu)馳騁，左不(bu)(bu)楗行數(shu)千里馬(ma)不(bu)(bu)契需，終(zhong)歲(sui)御，衣衽不(bu)(bu)敝(bi)。此唯辀之(zhi)和也(ye)。勸登馬(ma)力，馬(ma)力既竭，辀猶(you)能(neng)一(yi)取焉，良辀環灂，自伏兔(tu)不(bu)(bu)至軓，七寸，軓中有灂，謂之(zhi)國辀。軫之(zhi)方也(ye)，以象(xiang)(xiang)地(di)也(ye)；蓋之(zhi)圜也(ye)，以象(xiang)(xiang)天也(ye)；輪(lun)輻三十，以象(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)月也(ye)；蓋弓二十有八(ba)，以象(xiang)(xiang)星也(ye)；龍旂九斿，以象(xiang)(xiang)大火也(ye)；鳥旟七斿；以象(xiang)(xiang)鶉火也(ye)；熊(xiong)旗六斿，以象(xiang)(xiang)伐也(ye)；龜蛇四斿，以象(xiang)(xiang)營室也(ye)；弧旌枉矢，以象(xiang)(xiang)弧也(ye)。
攻金之(zhi)(zhi)工，筑氏(shi)執下齊(qi)，治氏(shi)執上齊(qi)，鳧氏(shi)為(wei)聲，?氏(shi)為(wei)量，段氏(shi)為(wei)鏄器，桃氏(shi)為(wei)刃。金有六齊(qi)：六分(fen)其(qi)(qi)金而錫(xi)居(ju)一(yi)(yi)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)種鼎之(zhi)(zhi)齊(qi)；五(wu)(wu)分(fen)其(qi)(qi)金而錫(xi)居(ju)一(yi)(yi)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)斧斤之(zhi)(zhi)齊(qi)；四分(fen)其(qi)(qi)金而錫(xi)居(ju)一(yi)(yi)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)戈戟之(zhi)(zhi)齊(qi)參(can)分(fen)其(qi)(qi)金而錫(xi)居(ju)一(yi)(yi)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)大刃之(zhi)(zhi)齊(qi)；五(wu)(wu)分(fen)其(qi)(qi)金而錫(xi)居(ju)二(er)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)削殺矢(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)齊(qi)金錫(xi)半(ban)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)鑒燧之(zhi)(zhi)齊(qi)。
筑氏為(wei)削，長尺(chi)博寸，合(he)六(liu)而(er)成規(gui)。欲新而(er)無窮(qiong)，敝盡而(er)無惡(e)。
冶(ye)氏為殺矢(shi)，刃(ren)長寸(cun)(cun)圍寸(cun)(cun)，鋌十之(zhi)，重三垸(huan)。戈廣二寸(cun)(cun)，內(nei)(nei)倍之(zhi)，胡三之(zhi)，援四之(zhi)，已(yi)倨則(ze)(ze)不入(ru)，已(yi)句則(ze)(ze)不決(jue)。長內(nei)(nei)則(ze)(ze)折前，短內(nei)(nei)則(ze)(ze)不疾，是故倨句外博(bo)，重三鋝。戟(ji)廣寸(cun)(cun)有半寸(cun)(cun)，內(nei)(nei)三之(zhi)，胡四之(zhi)，援五之(zhi)，倨句中矩，與(yu)刺重三鋝。
桃氏為劍，臘廣二(er)寸有(you)半寸，兩(liang)従(cong)半之(zhi)。以其(qi)(qi)(qi)臘廣為之(zhi)莖(jing)圍，長(chang)(chang)倍(bei)之(zhi)，中其(qi)(qi)(qi)莖(jing)，設其(qi)(qi)(qi)后。參(can)分(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)臘廣，去一以為首(shou)廣，而(er)圍之(zhi)。身長(chang)(chang)五(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)莖(jing)長(chang)(chang)，重九(jiu)鋝，謂之(zhi)上(shang)(shang)制(zhi)，上(shang)(shang)士服之(zhi)。身長(chang)(chang)四其(qi)(qi)(qi)莖(jing)長(chang)(chang)，重七(qi)鋝，謂之(zhi)中制(zhi)，中士服之(zhi)。身長(chang)(chang)三其(qi)(qi)(qi)莖(jing)長(chang)(chang)，重五(wu)(wu)鋝，謂之(zhi)下制(zhi)，下士服之(zhi)。
鳧(fu)氏為(wei)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩欒謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)銑，銑間謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于，于上(shang)(shang)(shang)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鼓(gu)，鼓(gu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鉦，鉦上(shang)(shang)(shang)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舞(wu)，舞(wu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甬(yong)，甬(yong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衡，鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)縣(xian)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旋(xuan)，旋(xuan)蟲謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)干，鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)帶(dai)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篆，篆間謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)枚(mei)，枚(mei)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)景，于上(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)攠謂(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隧。十分(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)銑，去二(er)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)鉦。以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鉦為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)銑間，去二(er)分(fen)(fen)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鼓(gu)間。以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鼓(gu)間為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舞(wu)修，去二(er)分(fen)(fen)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)舞(wu)廣。以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鉦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甬(yong)長(chang)，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)甬(yong)長(chang)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圍。參分(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)圍，去一(yi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)衡圍。參分(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)甬(yong)長(chang)，二(er)在上(shang)(shang)(shang)，一(yi)在下，以(yi)(yi)設其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)旋(xuan)。薄(bo)厚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)震(zhen)動，清濁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)由出，侈(chi)弇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)由興(xing)，有說。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已厚則石(shi)，已薄(bo)則播，侈(chi)則柞，弇則郁，長(chang)甬(yong)則震(zhen)。是故大鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)十分(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鼓(gu)間，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚；小鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)十分(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鉦間，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大而(er)短，則其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)聲(sheng)疾而(er)短聞；鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小而(er)長(chang)，則其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)聲(sheng)舒而(er)遠聞。為(wei)遂，六分(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)厚，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深，而(er)圜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
氏為(wei)量(liang)，改煎金、錫則不(bu)秅(cha)，不(bu)秅(cha)然(ran)后權之(zhi)(zhi)，權之(zhi)(zhi)然(ran)后準之(zhi)(zhi)，準之(zhi)(zhi)然(ran)后量(liang)之(zhi)(zhi)。量(liang)之(zhi)(zhi)以為(wei)鬴，深尺(chi)，內方尺(chi)而圜其(qi)外，其(qi)實一鬴，其(qi)臂一寸(cun)，其(qi)實一豆(dou)；其(qi)耳三(san)寸(cun)。其(qi)實一升，重一鈞，其(qi)聲中黃(huang)鐘之(zhi)(zhi)宮，概而不(bu)悅。其(qi)銘曰：“時文思索，允臻其(qi)極，嘉量(liang)既成，以觀四國，永啟厥后，茲器維則。”凡鑄金之(zhi)(zhi)狀；金與錫，黑濁之(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)竭(jie)，黃(huang)白(bai)次之(zhi)(zhi)，黃(huang)白(bai)之(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)竭(jie)，青白(bai)次之(zhi)(zhi)。青白(bai)之(zhi)(zhi)氣(qi)竭(jie)，青氣(qi)次之(zhi)(zhi)，然(ran)后可鑄也。
段氏闕。
函(han)人為甲(jia)(jia)，犀(xi)甲(jia)(jia)七(qi)屬(shu)，兕(si)甲(jia)(jia)六屬(shu)，合甲(jia)(jia)五屬(shu)。犀(xi)甲(jia)(jia)壽百(bai)年(nian)，兕(si)甲(jia)(jia)壽二百(bai)年(nian)，合甲(jia)(jia)壽三(san)百(bai)年(nian)。凡(fan)為甲(jia)(jia)，必先為容(rong)，然后制革(ge)。權其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)上旅(lv)與其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)下旅(lv)，而(er)(er)(er)重若一，以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)長為之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圍。凡(fan)甲(jia)(jia)，鍛不摯則不堅(jian)(jian)，已敝則橈(rao)。凡(fan)察革(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，眡(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鉆(zhan)空，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)豐也(ye)；眡(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)里，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)易也(ye)；眡(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)朕，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)直也(ye)，櫜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)約(yue)也(ye)；舉(ju)而(er)(er)(er)眡(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)豐也(ye)；衣(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)無齘也(ye)。眡(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鉆(zhan)空而(er)(er)(er)惌(yuan)，則革(ge)堅(jian)(jian)也(ye)；眡(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)里而(er)(er)(er)易，則材更也(ye)；眡(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)朕而(er)(er)(er)直，則制善也(ye)。櫜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)約(yue)，則周也(ye)；舉(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)豐；則明(ming)也(ye)；衣(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無齘，則變也(ye)。
鮑人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)，望而(er)(er)(er)眡(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)荼白也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；進而(er)(er)(er)握之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)柔而(er)(er)(er)滑(hua)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；卷而(er)(er)(er)摶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)無迆也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；眡(di)其(qi)(qi)著(zhu)，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)淺(qian)(qian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；察其(qi)(qi)線(xian)，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)藏也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。革(ge)欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)荼白而(er)(er)(er)疾，汗(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)堅，欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)柔滑(hua)而(er)(er)(er)腛，脂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)(ze)(ze)需(xu)，引而(er)(er)(er)信(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。欲(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)直也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，信(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)直，則(ze)(ze)(ze)取材正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。信(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)枉，則(ze)(ze)(ze)是一(yi)方緩一(yi)方急(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若茍一(yi)方緩一(yi)方急(ji)(ji)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，必自其(qi)(qi)急(ji)(ji)者先(xian)裂。若茍自急(ji)(ji)者先(xian)裂，則(ze)(ze)(ze)是以博為帴(sha)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。卷而(er)(er)(er)摶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)不迆，則(ze)(ze)(ze)厚薄序也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。眡(di)其(qi)(qi)著(zhu)而(er)(er)(er)淺(qian)(qian)，則(ze)(ze)(ze)革(ge)信(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。察其(qi)(qi)線(xian)而(er)(er)(er)藏，則(ze)(ze)(ze)雖敝不甐。
韗人(ren)為皋(gao)陶，長六(liu)尺(chi)有六(liu)寸(cun)(cun)，左(zuo)右(you)端廣六(liu)寸(cun)(cun)，中尺(chi)，厚(hou)三(san)(san)(san)寸(cun)(cun)，穹(qiong)者三(san)(san)(san)之(zhi)(zhi)一，上三(san)(san)(san)正(zheng)。鼓(gu)長八尺(chi)，鼓(gu)四尺(chi)，中圍加三(san)(san)(san)之(zhi)(zhi)一，謂之(zhi)(zhi)。為皋(gao)鼓(gu)，長尋(xun)有四尺(chi)，鼓(gu)四尺(chi)，倨(ju)句(ju)磬折。凡(fan)冒鼓(gu)；必以啟蟄之(zhi)(zhi)日，良鼓(gu)瑕如(ru)積環(huan)。鼓(gu)大而(er)短，則其聲疾而(er)短聞；鼓(gu)小而(er)長，則其聲舒而(er)遠聞。
韋氏闕。
裘氏闕。
畫(hua)繢之(zhi)事(shi)，雜五色。東方(fang)謂之(zhi)青(qing)，南方(fang)謂之(zhi)赤(chi)(chi)，西方(fang)謂之(zhi)白，北方(fang)謂之(zhi)黑，天(tian)謂之(zhi)玄(xuan)，地謂之(zhi)黃(huang)。青(qing)與白相(xiang)(xiang)次(ci)也，赤(chi)(chi)與黑相(xiang)(xiang)次(ci)也，玄(xuan)與黃(huang)相(xiang)(xiang)次(ci)也。青(qing)與赤(chi)(chi)謂之(zhi)文，赤(chi)(chi)與白謂之(zhi)章(zhang)，白與黑謂之(zhi)黼，黑與青(qing)謂之(zhi)黻，五采(cai)，備謂之(zhi)繡。土以(yi)黃(huang)，其象方(fang)天(tian)時(shi)變。火以(yi)圜，山(shan)以(yi)章(zhang)，水(shui)以(yi)龍(long)，鳥(niao)獸蛇(she)。雜四時(shi)五色之(zhi)位以(yi)章(zhang)之(zhi)，謂之(zhi)巧。凡畫(hua)繢之(zhi)事(shi)后素功。
鐘氏染羽，以朱湛、丹秫，三月而熾之，淳而漬之。三入為纁，五入為緅，七入為緇。
筐人闕。
?荒氏湅(lian)(lian)絲，以(yi)涚水漚(ou)其絲七(qi)(qi)日(ri)，去地尺暴(bao)之(zhi)。晝暴(bao)諸(zhu)日(ri)，夜(ye)宿諸(zhu)井。七(qi)(qi)日(ri)七(qi)(qi)夜(ye)，是(shi)謂水湅(lian)(lian)。湅(lian)(lian)帛(bo)，以(yi)欄(lan)為(wei)灰，渥淳其帛(bo)，實(shi)諸(zhu)澤器，淫之(zhi)以(yi)蜃(shen)，清其灰而(er)盝(lu)之(zhi)，而(er)揮之(zhi)，而(er)沃(wo)(wo)之(zhi)，而(er)盝(lu)之(zhi)，而(er)涂之(zhi)，而(er)宿之(zhi)。明日(ri)，沃(wo)(wo)而(er)盝(lu)之(zhi)，晝暴(bao)諸(zhu)日(ri)，夜(ye)宿諸(zhu)井。七(qi)(qi)日(ri)七(qi)(qi)夜(ye)，是(shi)謂水湅(lian)(lian)。
玉人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)事，鎮(zhen)圭(gui)(gui)尺有(you)二(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)守(shou)之(zhi)；命(ming)圭(gui)(gui)九寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，謂(wei)之(zhi)桓(huan)圭(gui)(gui)，公(gong)守(shou)之(zhi)；命(ming)圭(gui)(gui)七(qi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，謂(wei)之(zhi)信圭(gui)(gui)，侯(hou)(hou)守(shou)之(zhi)；命(ming)圭(gui)(gui)七(qi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，謂(wei)之(zhi)躬圭(gui)(gui)，伯(bo)守(shou)之(zhi)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)執冒(mao)四(si)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)朝諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)用全，上公(gong)用龍，侯(hou)(hou)用瓚，伯(bo)用將，繼子(zi)(zi)(zi)男執皮帛。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)圭(gui)(gui)中必，四(si)圭(gui)(gui)尺有(you)二(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祀(si)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)；大圭(gui)(gui)長三(san)尺，杼上終葵首，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)服(fu)之(zhi)；土(tu)圭(gui)(gui)尺有(you)五(wu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致日(ri)、以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)土(tu)地；祼(guan)圭(gui)(gui)尺有(you)二(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，有(you)瓚，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祀(si)廟；琬圭(gui)(gui)九寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)而繅(sao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)象德；琰圭(gui)(gui)九寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，判規，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)除慝(ni)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)易(yi)行(xing)；璧羨度尺，好三(san)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為度；圭(gui)(gui)璧五(wu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祀(si)日(ri)月星辰；璧琮(cong)(cong)九寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)；谷圭(gui)(gui)七(qi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)聘(pin)(pin)女；大璋(zhang)中璋(zhang)九寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，邊璋(zhang)七(qi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，射四(si)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，厚寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，黃金勺，青金外，朱中，鼻(bi)(bi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，衡四(si)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，有(you)繅(sao)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)巡守(shou)。宗祝以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前馬，大璋(zhang)亦如之(zhi)，諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)聘(pin)(pin)女。瑑圭(gui)(gui)璋(zhang)八寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。璧琮(cong)(cong)八寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)覜聘(pin)(pin)。牙璋(zhang)中璋(zhang)七(qi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，射二(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，厚寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi)軍(jun)旅，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治兵守(shou)。駔(zang)琮(cong)(cong)五(wu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，宗后以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為權。大琮(cong)(cong)十有(you)二(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，射四(si)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，厚寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，是謂(wei)內鎮(zhen)，宗后守(shou)之(zhi)。駔(zang)琮(cong)(cong)七(qi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，鼻(bi)(bi)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)有(you)半寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為權。兩圭(gui)(gui)五(wu)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)有(you)邸，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祀(si)地，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)旅四(si)望(wang)。瑑琮(cong)(cong)八寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享夫人(ren)(ren)。案十有(you)二(er)(er)寸(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，棗栗十有(you)二(er)(er)列，諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)純九，大夫純五(wu)，夫人(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)勞諸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)。璋(zhang)邸射素功，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祀(si)山(shan)川，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致稍(shao)餼。
雕人闕。
磬(qing)氏為(wei)磬(qing)，倨句(ju)一矩有(you)半，其(qi)(qi)博(bo)(bo)為(wei)一，股為(wei)二(er)，鼓(gu)(gu)為(wei)三。參(can)分(fen)其(qi)(qi)鼓(gu)(gu)博(bo)(bo)，去一以(yi)為(wei)鼓(gu)(gu)博(bo)(bo)。參(can)分(fen)其(qi)(qi)鼓(gu)(gu)博(bo)(bo)，以(yi)其(qi)(qi)一為(wei)之(zhi)厚。已(yi)(yi)上，則摩(mo)其(qi)(qi)旁；已(yi)(yi)下(xia)，則摩(mo)其(qi)(qi)專(zhuan)。
《考(kao)工記(ji)》“兵(bing)器”
鍭矢(shi)，參分。茀(fu)矢(shi)，參分一(yi)在前(qian)，二(er)(er)在后。兵(bing)矢(shi)、田矢(shi)，五(wu)分二(er)(er)在前(qian)，三(san)在后。殺(sha)(sha)矢(shi)，七分三(san)在前(qian)，四(si)在后。參分其(qi)長，而殺(sha)(sha)其(qi)一(yi)。五(wu)分其(qi)長，而羽(yu)其(qi)一(yi)。以(yi)其(qi)笴厚為之(zhi)(zhi)羽(yu)深。水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)辨其(qi)陰(yin)陽，夾(jia)其(qi)陰(yin)陽，以(yi)設(she)其(qi)比(bi)。夾(jia)其(qi)比(bi)，以(yi)設(she)其(qi)羽(yu)。參分其(qi)羽(yu)，以(yi)設(she)其(qi)刃，則(ze)雖有疾風，亦弗之(zhi)(zhi)能憚矣。刃長寸(cun)(cun)圍寸(cun)(cun)，鋌十之(zhi)(zhi)，重(zhong)(zhong)三(san)垸。前(qian)弱(ruo)則(ze)俯，后弱(ruo)則(ze)翔(xiang)，中弱(ruo)則(ze)紆，中強則(ze)揚。羽(yu)豐則(ze)遲，羽(yu)殺(sha)(sha)則(ze)趮(zao)。是故夾(jia)而搖(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)眡其(qi)豐殺(sha)(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)節也(ye)。橈之(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)眡其(qi)鴻殺(sha)(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)稱也(ye)。凡相笴，欲(yu)(yu)生而摶(tuan)。同摶(tuan)，欲(yu)(yu)重(zhong)(zhong)；同重(zhong)(zhong)，節欲(yu)(yu)疏(shu)；同疏(shu)，欲(yu)(yu)?。陶人為■，實(shi)二(er)(er)鬴(fu)(fu)，厚半(ban)寸(cun)(cun)，唇寸(cun)(cun)。盆實(shi)二(er)(er)鬴(fu)(fu)，厚半(ban)寸(cun)(cun)，唇寸(cun)(cun)。甑實(shi)二(er)(er)鬴(fu)(fu)，厚半(ban)寸(cun)(cun)，唇寸(cun)(cun)，七穿。鬲實(shi)五(wu)觳，厚半(ban)寸(cun)(cun)，唇寸(cun)(cun)。庾，實(shi)二(er)(er)觳，厚半(ban)寸(cun)(cun)，唇寸(cun)(cun)。
瓬人為簋，實一觳(hu)，崇(chong)尺，厚半寸(cun)，唇寸(cun)。豆(dou)實三而成觳(hu)，崇(chong)尺。凡陶瓬之事，髻墾薜暴不(bu)入市。器中膊(bo)，豆(dou)中縣，膊(bo)崇(chong)四(si)尺，方四(si)寸(cun)。
梓人為(wei)(wei)(wei)筍(sun)虡。天(tian)下之(zhi)(zhi)大(da)獸五(wu)：脂(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、膏者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、臝(luo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、羽(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、鱗者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。宗廟之(zhi)(zhi)事，脂(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)膏者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)牲，臝(luo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、羽(yu)(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、鱗者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)筍(sun)虡，外骨(gu)、內骨(gu)，卻行、紆行、以(yi)(yi)脰(dou)鳴(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、以(yi)(yi)注(zhu)鳴(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、以(yi)(yi)旁鳴(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、以(yi)(yi)翼(yi)鳴(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、以(yi)(yi)股鳴(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)、以(yi)(yi)胸(xiong)鳴(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)小蟲之(zhi)(zhi)屬，以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雕琢。厚(hou)唇(chun)弇口，出目短耳，大(da)胸(xiong)燿后，大(da)體短脰(dou)，若(ruo)是者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)謂之(zhi)(zhi)臝(luo)屬。恒有(you)力(li)而不能(neng)走，其聲(sheng)大(da)而宏(hong)。有(you)力(li)而不能(neng)走，則于任重宜(yi)；大(da)聲(sheng)而宏(hong)，則于鐘宜(yi)。若(ruo)是者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鐘虛，是故擊其所(suo)縣，而由其虛鳴(ming)(ming)(ming)。銳(rui)喙決(jue)吻，數(shu)目顅(qian)脰(dou)，小體騫腹，若(ruo)是者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)謂之(zhi)(zhi)羽(yu)(yu)屬。
恒無力而(er)輕，其(qi)聲(sheng)清(qing)陽而(er)遠聞。無力而(er)輕，則(ze)于任(ren)輕宜(yi)(yi)；其(qi)聲(sheng)清(qing)陽而(er)遠聞，則(ze)于磬(qing)宜(yi)(yi)若(ruo)是者以為(wei)磬(qing)虛(xu)，故擊其(qi)所縣而(er)由(you)其(qi)虛(xu)鳴(ming)。小首(shou)而(er)長，摶身而(er)鴻，若(ruo)是者謂之(zhi)鱗屬(shu)，以為(wei)筍。凡攫閷援{筴口}之(zhi)類，必(bi)深(shen)其(qi)爪，出其(qi)目，作其(qi)鱗之(zhi)而(er)。深(shen)其(qi)爪，出其(qi)目，作其(qi)鱗之(zhi)而(er)，則(ze)于眡必(bi)撥爾(er)而(er)怒。茍撥爾(er)而(er)怒，則(ze)于任(ren)重宜(yi)(yi)，且其(qi)匪色必(bi)似鳴(ming)矣(yi)(yi)。爪不深(shen)，目不出，鱗之(zhi)而(er)不作，則(ze)必(bi)穨爾(er)如(ru)委矣(yi)(yi)，茍穨爾(er)如(ru)委，則(ze)加任(ren)焉，則(ze)必(bi)如(ru)將廢(fei)措，其(qi)匪色必(bi)似不鳴(ming)矣(yi)(yi)。
梓(zi)人為飲(yin)器，勺一(yi)升，爵一(yi)升，觚三(san)升。獻以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)爵而(er)酬以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)觚。一(yi)獻而(er)三(san)酬，則(ze)一(yi)豆矣；食(shi)一(yi)豆肉，飲(yin)一(yi)豆酒，中人之(zhi)食(shi)也。凡試梓(zi)飲(yin)器，鄉衡而(er)實不盡(jin)，梓(zi)師罪之(zhi)。梓(zi)人為侯(hou)，廣與崇(chong)方。參分其廣，而(er)鵠(hu)(hu)居(ju)一(yi)焉。上兩個，與其身三(san)；下(xia)兩個，半之(zhi)。上綱與下(xia)綱出舌尋(xun)，縜寸焉。張皮侯(hou)而(er)棲鵠(hu)(hu)，則(ze)春以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)功；張五采之(zhi)侯(hou)，則(ze)遠國屬；張獸(shou)侯(hou)，則(ze)王(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)息燕。祭侯(hou)之(zhi)禮，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)酒脯醢(hai)，其辭曰：“惟若(ruo)寧(ning)侯(hou)，毋(wu)或若(ruo)女(nv)不寧(ning)侯(hou)，不屬于王(wang)所。故抗而(er)射女(nv)，強飲(yin)強食(shi)，詒女(nv)曾孫諸侯(hou)百福。”
廬人(ren)為(wei)廬器，戈(ge)柲六(liu)尺有六(liu)寸，殳長(chang)(chang)尋有四尺，車戟常，酋(qiu)矛常有四尺，夷(yi)矛三尋。凡(fan)(fan)兵(bing)無(wu)(wu)過三其(qi)身，過三其(qi)身，弗能(neng)用也，而(er)無(wu)(wu)已(yi)，又以害人(ren)。故(gu)攻國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)短(duan)，守國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)。攻國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)眾(zhong)，行地(di)遠(yuan)，食飲饑(ji)，且(qie)涉山林之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阻(zu)，是(shi)故(gu)兵(bing)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)短(duan)；守國人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寡，食飲飽，行地(di)不遠(yuan)，且(qie)不涉山謂林之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阻(zu)，是(shi)故(gu)兵(bing)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)長(chang)(chang)。凡(fan)(fan)兵(bing)，句兵(bing)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)無(wu)(wu)彈(dan)，刺(ci)兵(bing)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)無(wu)(wu)蜎。是(shi)故(gu)句兵(bing)椑(bei)，刺(ci)兵(bing)摶。■兵(bing)同強，舉圍欲(yu)(yu)(yu)細，細則校。刺(ci)兵(bing)同強，舉圍欲(yu)(yu)(yu)重(zhong)，重(zhong)欲(yu)(yu)(yu)傅人(ren)，傅人(ren)則密(mi)，是(shi)故(gu)侵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。凡(fan)(fan)為(wei)殳，五(wu)分其(qi)長(chang)(chang)，以其(qi)一(yi)為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被，而(er)圍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
參分(fen)(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)圍，去(qu)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)晉圍。五分(fen)(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)晉圍，去(qu)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)首圍。凡(fan)為(wei)酋矛，參分(fen)(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)長，二在前，一(yi)(yi)在后，而(er)圍之(zhi)。五分(fen)(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)圍，去(qu)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)晉圍。參分(fen)(fen)(fen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)晉圍，去(qu)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)刺(ci)圍。凡(fan)試廬事，置(zhi)而(er)搖(yao)之(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)眡(di)(di)(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)蜎也(ye)；炙諸墻(qiang)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)眡(di)(di)(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)橈之(zhi)均(jun)也(ye)；橫而(er)搖(yao)之(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)眡(di)(di)(di)其(qi)(qi)(qi)勁也(ye)。六建既備，車不(bu)反(fan)覆，謂之(zhi)國工。匠人建國，水地(di)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)縣，置(zhi)槷以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)縣，眡(di)(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)景(jing)，為(wei)規，識(shi)日出之(zhi)景(jing)與日入之(zhi)景(jing)，晝參諸日中之(zhi)景(jing)，夜考之(zhi)極星，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)正朝夕。
考(kao)工記-春秋戰國建筑
匠人(ren)(ren)(ren)營(ying)國，方九(jiu)里，旁三門(men)(men)(men)。國中九(jiu)經(jing)九(jiu)緯(wei)，經(jing)涂九(jiu)軌(gui)，左祖(zu)右社，面朝后市(shi)，市(shi)朝一(yi)夫。夏后氏世室(shi)(shi)，堂(tang)修(xiu)二七(qi)(qi)，廣四修(xiu)一(yi)，五(wu)(wu)室(shi)(shi)，三四步，四三尺(chi)，九(jiu)階(jie)，四旁兩夾(jia){穴怱}，白(bai)盛，門(men)(men)(men)堂(tang)三之(zhi)(zhi)二，室(shi)(shi)三之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。殷人(ren)(ren)(ren)重(zhong)屋(wu)，堂(tang)修(xiu)七(qi)(qi)尋，堂(tang)崇(chong)三尺(chi)，四阿(a)重(zhong)屋(wu)。周人(ren)(ren)(ren)明堂(tang)，度九(jiu)尺(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)筵(yan)(yan)，東西(xi)九(jiu)筵(yan)(yan)，南北七(qi)(qi)筵(yan)(yan)，堂(tang)崇(chong)一(yi)筵(yan)(yan)，五(wu)(wu)室(shi)(shi)，凡室(shi)(shi)二筵(yan)(yan)。室(shi)(shi)中度以幾，堂(tang)上度以筵(yan)(yan)，宮中度以尋，野度以步，涂度以軌(gui)，廟門(men)(men)(men)容(rong)大扃七(qi)(qi)個(ge)，闈(wei)門(men)(men)(men)容(rong)小扃三個(ge)，路門(men)(men)(men)不容(rong)乘車之(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)(wu)個(ge)，應門(men)(men)(men)二徹三個(ge)。內有九(jiu)室(shi)(shi)，九(jiu)嬪(pin)居之(zhi)(zhi)。外(wai)有九(jiu)室(shi)(shi)，九(jiu)卿(qing)朝焉。
九(jiu)(jiu)分(fen)其國，以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)九(jiu)(jiu)分(fen)，九(jiu)(jiu)卿治(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)。王宮門(men)阿(a)之(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)五雉(zhi)(zhi)，宮隅之(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)七雉(zhi)(zhi)，城(cheng)(cheng)隅之(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)(jiu)雉(zhi)(zhi)，經涂(tu)(tu)九(jiu)(jiu)軌，環(huan)涂(tu)(tu)七軌，野涂(tu)(tu)五軌。門(men)阿(a)之(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)。宮隅之(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)諸(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)城(cheng)(cheng)制(zhi)(zhi)。環(huan)涂(tu)(tu)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)諸(zhu)侯(hou)經涂(tu)(tu)，野涂(tu)(tu)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)都(dou)經涂(tu)(tu)。匠(jiang)人為(wei)(wei)(wei)溝(gou)洫，耜廣(guang)(guang)五寸，二(er)耜為(wei)(wei)(wei)耦一(yi)耦之(zhi)(zhi)伐，廣(guang)(guang)尺(chi)深尺(chi)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)■；田首倍之(zhi)(zhi)，廣(guang)(guang)二(er)尺(chi)，深二(er)尺(chi)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)遂九(jiu)(jiu)夫(fu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)井，井間(jian)廣(guang)(guang)四尺(chi)，深四尺(chi)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)方十里為(wei)(wei)(wei)成，成間(jian)廣(guang)(guang)八尺(chi)，深八尺(chi)，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)洫；方百里為(wei)(wei)(wei)同，同間(jian)廣(guang)(guang)二(er)尋，深二(er)仞，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)澮。專達(da)于(yu)川，各載其名。凡天下之(zhi)(zhi)地埶(yi)，兩山之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，必有川焉(yan)，大川之(zhi)(zhi)上，必有涂(tu)(tu)焉(yan)。凡溝(gou)逆地阞謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)不行。水屬不理孫，謂(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)不行。梢溝(gou)三(san)十里，而廣(guang)(guang)倍。
《考工記》建筑
凡(fan)行奠(dian)水，磬(qing)折以參(can)伍。欲為(wei)(wei)(wei)淵，購句于(yu)矩(ju)。凡(fan)溝(gou)必(bi)因水埶，防必(bi)因地埶。善溝(gou)者(zhe)(zhe)。水漱(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；善防者(zhe)(zhe)，水淫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。凡(fan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)防，廣與崇(chong)方，其(qi)閷參(can)分(fen)去(qu)一(yi)，大(da)防外閷，凡(fan)溝(gou)防，必(bi)一(yi)日先深之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)式，里為(wei)(wei)(wei)式，然后可以傅(fu)眾力。凡(fan)任索約，大(da)汲(ji)其(qi)版，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無任。茸(rong)屋參(can)分(fen)，瓦屋四分(fen)，囷、窌、倉、城，逆墻六分(fen)，堂涂十有(you)二分(fen)，竇，其(qi)崇(chong)三尺(chi)，墻厚三尺(chi)，崇(chong)三之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。車人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，半矩(ju)謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宣(xuan)，一(yi)宣(xuan)有(you)半謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)欘，一(yi)欘有(you)半謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柯(ke)，一(yi)柯(ke)有(you)半謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)磬(qing)折。
車人為耒，庛尺有(you)(you)一寸(cun)，中(zhong)(zhong)直(zhi)者三尺有(you)(you)三寸(cun)，上句(ju)(ju)者二尺有(you)(you)二寸(cun)。自(zi)其庛，緣其外，以至于首，以弦其內六尺有(you)(you)六寸(cun)，與步(bu)相中(zhong)(zhong)也。堅(jian)地(di)欲直(zhi)庛，柔(rou)地(di)欲句(ju)(ju)庛，直(zhi)庛則(ze)利推，句(ju)(ju)庛，則(ze)利發。倨句(ju)(ju)磬折(zhe)，謂(wei)之中(zhong)(zhong)地(di)。齋
車(che)人(ren)為(wei)車(che)，柯(ke)(ke)長(chang)三(san)(san)(san)尺(chi)(chi)，博三(san)(san)(san)寸，厚一(yi)(yi)寸有(you)半(ban)，五分其(qi)(qi)長(chang)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)為(wei)之首。轂長(chang)半(ban)柯(ke)(ke)，其(qi)(qi)圍(wei)一(yi)(yi)柯(ke)(ke)有(you)半(ban)。輻長(chang)一(yi)(yi)柯(ke)(ke)有(you)半(ban)，其(qi)(qi)博三(san)(san)(san)寸，厚三(san)(san)(san)之一(yi)(yi)。渠三(san)(san)(san)柯(ke)(ke)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三(san)(san)(san)，行(xing)(xing)澤者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)欲(yu)短轂，行(xing)(xing)山者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)欲(yu)長(chang)轂。短轂則(ze)利，長(chang)轂則(ze)安。行(xing)(xing)澤者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)反(fan)(fan)輮(rou)，行(xing)(xing)山者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)仄輮(rou)，反(fan)(fan)輮(rou)則(ze)易，仄輮(rou)則(ze)完。六(liu)分其(qi)(qi)輪(lun)崇，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)為(wei)之牙圍(wei)。柏車(che)轂長(chang)一(yi)(yi)柯(ke)(ke)，其(qi)(qi)圍(wei)二柯(ke)(ke)，其(qi)(qi)輻一(yi)(yi)柯(ke)(ke)，其(qi)(qi)渠二柯(ke)(ke)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三(san)(san)(san)。五分其(qi)(qi)輪(lun)崇，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)為(wei)之牙圍(wei)，大(da)車(che)崇三(san)(san)(san)柯(ke)(ke)，綆寸，牝服(fu)二柯(ke)(ke)有(you)參(can)分柯(ke)(ke)之二。羊車(che)二柯(ke)(ke)有(you)參(can)分柯(ke)(ke)之一(yi)(yi)，柏車(che)二柯(ke)(ke)。凡為(wei)轅，三(san)(san)(san)其(qi)(qi)輪(lun)崇，參(can)分其(qi)(qi)長(chang)，二在前(qian)，一(yi)(yi)在后(hou)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)鑿其(qi)(qi)鉤，徹廣六(liu)尺(chi)(chi)，鬲(li)長(chang)六(liu)尺(chi)(chi)。古弓(gong)人(ren)為(wei)弓(gong)，（《考工記》描述精制良弓(gong)）取六(liu)材必以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)時，六(liu)材既聚(ju)，巧者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)和(he)之。干也(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)遠(yuan)也(ye)；角也(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)疾也(ye)；筋也(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)深(shen)也(ye)；膠也(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)和(he)也(ye)；絲也(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)固也(ye)；漆也(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)受霜露也(ye)。
凡(fan)(fan)取干(gan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道七：柘為上，檍次(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，檿桑次(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，橘次(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，木(mu)(mu)瓜次(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，荊(jing)次(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，竹為下(xia)。凡(fan)(fan)相干(gan)，欲(yu)赤黑而(er)(er)(er)陽(yang)聲，赤黑則(ze)鄉心，陽(yang)聲則(ze)遠根(gen)。凡(fan)(fan)析(xi)干(gan)，射(she)遠者(zhe)用埶(yi)(yi)，射(she)深(shen)者(zhe)用直。居干(gan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，菑?不(bu)(bu)(bu)迆，則(ze)弓(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)發。凡(fan)(fan)相角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，秋(qiu)(qiu)閷者(zhe)厚，春(chun)閷薄，稚牛(niu)(niu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)直而(er)(er)(er)澤，老牛(niu)(niu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)紾而(er)(er)(er)昔。疢(chen)疾險中(zhong)(zhong)，瘠牛(niu)(niu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)無澤。角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)欲(yu)青白(bai)而(er)(er)(er)豐(feng)末，夫(fu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)，蹙于(yu)而(er)(er)(er)休(xiu)于(yu)氣，是(shi)(shi)故柔。柔故欲(yu)其(qi)(qi)埶(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；白(bai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)，埶(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)征也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)，恒(heng)當弓(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)畏，畏也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)必(bi)橈(rao)。橈(rao)，故欲(yu)其(qi)(qi)堅也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；青也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)，堅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)征也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末；遠于(yu)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)休(xiu)于(yu)氣，是(shi)(shi)故脃(cui)。脃(cui)故欲(yu)其(qi)(qi)柔也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；豐(feng)末也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)，柔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)征也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)長二尺有五寸，三(san)色(se)不(bu)(bu)(bu)失理，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)牛(niu)(niu)戴(dai)牛(niu)(niu)。凡(fan)(fan)相膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，欲(yu)朱色(se)而(er)(er)(er)昔，昔也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)深(shen)，深(shen)瑕而(er)(er)(er)澤，紾而(er)(er)(er)摶廉。鹿(lu)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)青白(bai)，馬(ma)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)赤白(bai)，牛(niu)(niu)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)火赤，鼠(shu)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)黑，魚膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)餌，犀膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)黃(huang)。凡(fan)(fan)昵(ni)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類不(bu)(bu)(bu)能方。凡(fan)(fan)相筋(jin)(jin)，欲(yu)小簡而(er)(er)(er)長，大(da)(da)結而(er)(er)(er)澤，小簡而(er)(er)(er)長。大(da)(da)結而(er)(er)(er)澤，則(ze)其(qi)(qi)為獸(shou)必(bi)剽，以為弓(gong)(gong)，則(ze)豈異于(yu)其(qi)(qi)獸(shou)，筋(jin)(jin)欲(yu)敝(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)敝(bi)，漆(qi)欲(yu)測，絲欲(yu)沈，得此(ci)主材(cai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)全(quan)，然(ran)后可(ke)以為良(liang)。凡(fan)(fan)為弓(gong)(gong)，冬析(xi)干(gan)而(er)(er)(er)春(chun)液(ye)(ye)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，夏治(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)，秋(qiu)(qiu)合(he)(he)三(san)材(cai)，寒(han)奠(dian)體，冰析(xi)灂。冬析(xi)干(gan)則(ze)易，春(chun)液(ye)(ye)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)則(ze)合(he)(he)，夏治(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)則(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)煩(fan)，秋(qiu)(qiu)合(he)(he)三(san)材(cai)則(ze)合(he)(he)，寒(han)奠(dian)體則(ze)張(zhang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)流(liu)，冰析(xi)灂則(ze)審環，春(chun)被弦(xian)則(ze)一年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。析(xi)干(gan)必(bi)倫，析(xi)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)無邪(xie)，斫(zhuo)目必(bi)荼。斫(zhuo)目不(bu)(bu)(bu)荼，則(ze)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)修(xiu)(xiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，筋(jin)(jin)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)受(shou)病(bing)(bing)。夫(fu)目也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)必(bi)強(qiang)，強(qiang)者(zhe)在(zai)內而(er)(er)(er)摩其(qi)(qi)筋(jin)(jin)，夫(fu)筋(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所由(you)幨，恒(heng)由(you)此(ci)作(zuo)，故角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)三(san)液(ye)(ye)而(er)(er)(er)干(gan)再液(ye)(ye)。厚其(qi)(qi)帤，則(ze)木(mu)(mu)堅；薄其(qi)(qi)帤，則(ze)需，是(shi)(shi)故厚其(qi)(qi)液(ye)(ye)而(er)(er)(er)節(jie)其(qi)(qi)帤，約(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)皆約(yue)，疏數必(bi)侔，斫(zhuo)摯(zhi)必(bi)中(zhong)(zhong)，膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)必(bi)均。斫(zhuo)摯(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)，膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)均，則(ze)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)修(xiu)(xiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)受(shou)病(bing)(bing)，夫(fu)懷(huai)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)于(yu)內而(er)(er)(er)摩其(qi)(qi)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，夫(fu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所由(you)挫(cuo)，恒(heng)由(you)此(ci)作(zuo)。凡(fan)(fan)居角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，長者(zhe)以次(ci)(ci)(ci)需，恒(heng)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)而(er)(er)(er)短，是(shi)(shi)謂逆橈(rao)，引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)縱，釋(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)校。恒(heng)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)而(er)(er)(er)達(da)，譬如終紲，非弓(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今夫(fu)茭解(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)有變焉，故挍；于(yu)挺(ting)臂中(zhong)(zhong)有柎焉，故剽。
恒(heng)角而(er)(er)達，引(yin)如(ru)(ru)終紲，非弓(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利也。撟干(gan)欲(yu)孰于(yu)(yu)火(huo)而(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)贏，撟角欲(yu)孰于(yu)(yu)火(huo)而(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)燂，引(yin)筋(jin)欲(yu)盡絕無(wu)(wu)傷其(qi)力，鬻膠欲(yu)孰而(er)(er)水火(huo)相得，然則居旱亦不(bu)動(dong)，居濕亦不(bu)動(dong)。茍(gou)有(you)賤工(gong)，必(bi)(bi)因角干(gan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)濕以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柔，善(shan)(shan)者(zhe)在(zai)外，動(dong)者(zhe)在(zai)內(nei)。雖(sui)善(shan)(shan)于(yu)(yu)外，必(bi)(bi)動(dong)于(yu)(yu)內(nei)，雖(sui)善(shan)(shan)亦弗可(ke)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)良矣。凡(fan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)弓(gong)，方(fang)其(qi)峻，而(er)(er)高其(qi)柎(fu)，長其(qi)畏(wei)，而(er)(er)薄(bo)其(qi)敝，宛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)已。應(ying)下(xia)(xia)(xia)柎(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)，末應(ying)將興(xing)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)柎(fu)而(er)(er)發，必(bi)(bi)動(dong)于(yu)(yu)閷，弓(gong)而(er)(er)羽閷，末應(ying)將發。弓(gong)有(you)六(liu)材焉，維干(gan)強之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。張如(ru)(ru)流水。維體防(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)參。維角{?足}之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，欲(yu)宛而(er)(er)無(wu)(wu)負弦，引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)(ru)環，釋(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)失體。如(ru)(ru)環，材美，工(gong)巧，為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)參均(jun)。角不(bu)勝干(gan)，干(gan)不(bu)勝筋(jin)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)參均(jun)。量其(qi)力，有(you)三(san)(san)(san)均(jun)，均(jun)者(zhe)三(san)(san)(san)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)和。九(jiu)和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)，角與干(gan)權(quan)，筋(jin)三(san)(san)(san)侔，膠三(san)(san)(san)鋝(lve)，絲三(san)(san)(san)邸，漆三(san)(san)(san)斞(yu)。上(shang)工(gong)以(yi)有(you)余，下(xia)(xia)(xia)工(gong)以(yi)不(bu)足。為(wei)(wei)(wei)天子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)，合九(jiu)而(er)(er)成規。為(wei)(wei)(wei)諸侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)，合七而(er)(er)成規。大(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)，合五而(er)(er)成規。士(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弓(gong)，合三(san)(san)(san)而(er)(er)成規。弓(gong)長六(liu)尺有(you)六(liu)寸(cun)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)制(zhi)(zhi)，上(shang)士(shi)服之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；弓(gong)長六(liu)尺有(you)三(san)(san)(san)寸(cun)，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)制(zhi)(zhi)，中(zhong)(zhong)士(shi)服之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；弓(gong)長六(liu)尺，謂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)制(zhi)(zhi)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)士(shi)服之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
凡為(wei)(wei)(wei)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)，各因其(qi)(qi)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)躬，志盧(lu)血氣，豐(feng)肉(rou)而短，寬緩以(yi)荼。若是者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)危(wei)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)，危(wei)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)矢，骨(gu)直(zhi)以(yi)立，忿埶以(yi)奔。若是者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)，安(an)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)危(wei)矢，其(qi)(qi)人安(an)，其(qi)(qi)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)，其(qi)(qi)矢安(an)，則莫(mo)能以(yi)速中(zhong)(zhong)，且(qie)不深(shen)(shen)(shen)。其(qi)(qi)人危(wei)，其(qi)(qi)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)危(wei)，其(qi)(qi)矢危(wei)，則莫(mo)能以(yi)愿中(zhong)(zhong)。往(wang)(wang)體(ti)多，來(lai)體(ti)寡，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夾臾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬，利射(she)侯(hou)與(yu)弋。往(wang)(wang)體(ti)寡，來(lai)體(ti)多，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王弓(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬，利射(she)革與(yu)質。往(wang)(wang)體(ti)來(lai)體(ti)若一(yi)，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)唐(tang)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬，利射(she)深(shen)(shen)(shen)。大和無(wu)灂(zhuo)，其(qi)(qi)次筋角皆(jie)有(you)灂(zhuo)而深(shen)(shen)(shen)，其(qi)(qi)次有(you)灂(zhuo)而疏，其(qi)(qi)次角無(wu)灂(zhuo)。合灂(zhuo)若背手文。角環(huan)灂(zhuo)，牛筋賁灂(zhuo)，麋筋斥蠖灂(zhuo)。和弓(gong)(gong)(gong)毄摩，覆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而角至，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)句弓(gong)(gong)(gong)。覆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而干至，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)侯(hou)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)。覆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而筋至，謂(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深(shen)(shen)(shen)弓(gong)(gong)(gong)。
精靈世界 
