永安市(shi)貢(gong)(gong)川(chuan)(chuan)鎮位于永安市(shi)北郊,距城18公里(li)。貢(gong)(gong)川(chuan)(chuan),古(gu)(gu)名“貢(gong)(gong)堡”。據考古(gu)(gu)發(fa)現(xian), 遠在(zai)新(xin)石器時代這里(li)就有(you)人(ren)(ren)類活動(dong);唐(tang)代貢(gong)(gong)川(chuan)(chuan)得(de)到有(you)計劃的開發(fa),宋代達到輝煌時期,陳(chen)姓家族(zu)享有(you)“一門雙理學(xue),九子十登科”的美譽。福建宋代理學(xue)“主心派”的代表人(ren)(ren)物陳(chen)就是(shi)貢(gong)(gong)川(chuan)(chuan)人(ren)(ren)。為此,宋高宗(zong)還特賜“大(da)儒里(li)”牌坊一座。明清兩代,貢(gong)(gong)川(chuan)(chuan)進士(shi)、舉人(ren)(ren)、貢(gong)(gong)生迭出,是(shi)名人(ren)(ren)薈(hui)萃,文化燦爛的鐘靈(ling)毓秀之地。
環(huan)繞貢(gong)(gong)(gong)川古(gu)鎮的(de)有(you)沙溪、胡(hu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)溪兩條(tiao)(tiao)河流, 一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)自(zi)南(nan)向北,一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)從西到東,兩溪在(zai)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)川南(nan)門處(chu)交(jiao)匯。在(zai)胡(hu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)溪的(de)水尾處(chu)建(jian)有(you)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)古(gu)老的(de)橋梁,她象一(yi)(yi)道(dao)美麗的(de)彩虹,連接貢(gong)(gong)(gong)堡與(yu)巫峽頭兩地。雨(yu)季時節,胡(hu)貢(gong)(gong)(gong)溪水較渾濁,沙溪水較清(qing)(qing)澈,交(jiao)會(hui)處(chu)涇(jing)渭分(fen)明(ming),因(yin)而貢(gong)(gong)(gong)川人將這座(zuo)橋梁冠名為“會(hui)清(qing)(qing)”.會(hui)清(qing)(qing)橋上還保(bao)留有(you)一(yi)(yi)幅明(ming)代進士羅明(ming)祖(zu)撰寫的(de)嵌字對聯:會(hui)極(ji)環(huan)瞻星(xing)北拱(gong),清(qing)(qing)波永奠水東流。
會清(qing)橋(qiao)(qiao)歷(li)史悠久,會清(qing)橋(qiao)(qiao)屋有11間,56根(gen)木柱,南北兩(liang)端設有門(men)樓,中部是(shi)升起的(de)橋(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting),布局勻稱(cheng),規矩(ju)嚴整(zheng)。門(men)樓為(wei)四面(mian)坡屋頂(ding),飛檐(yan)翹(qiao)角,正(zheng)脊上(shang)矗立一對“魚(yu)吻”。傳說魚(yu)會吐水,有防火之(zhi)功(gong)能;橋(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)是(shi)單檐(yan)歇山式(shi)屋頂(ding),正(zheng)脊上(shang)也有魚(yu)吻,橋(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)下為(wei)方型藻井,藻井天花板(ban)上(shang)繪有“雙龍搶珠”彩畫。藻井下方便是(shi)神龕,內供“真武(wu)(wu)大帝”。真武(wu)(wu)又稱(cheng)“玄武(wu)(wu)”,是(shi)道教的(de)北方神,又是(shi)水神,橋(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)上(shang)祀(si)奉真武(wu)(wu)是(shi)為(wei)了鎮守水尾,以期“清(qing)波(bo)永奠”。
橋屋梁架簡(jian)潔,斗(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)形式(shi)(shi)多樣,表現出古代工匠杰(jie)出的(de)建筑藝術和(he)技巧。橋屋采取五架抬(tai)梁式(shi)(shi),斗(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)則有(you)(you)“一斗(dou)三(san)升(sheng)”、“角背(bei)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)”、“駝(tuo)峰拱(gong)(gong)(gong)”、“如意拱(gong)(gong)(gong)”等,它(ta)們(men)不但有(you)(you)著實際功能,還有(you)(you)著較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)裝飾(shi)(shi)作(zuo)用。橋屋門樓的(de)屋檐之下,我們(men)還可見(jian)到(dao)泥塑和(he)彩(cai)繪。裝飾(shi)(shi)藝術的(de)融入,使得會清橋愈發顯得絢麗多姿(zi),品位不俗。