其工作(zuo)原理是通(tong)過溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)傳感器對環境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)自動進行采樣、即時監控(kong)(kong),當(dang)(dang)環境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)高于控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)設定值(zhi)時控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電路(lu)啟動,可(ke)以(yi)設置控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)回差。如溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)還在升,當(dang)(dang)升到設定的(de)超限報(bao)警(jing)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)點時,啟動超限報(bao)警(jing)功能(neng)。當(dang)(dang)被控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)不能(neng)得(de)到有效的(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)時,為(wei)了防止設備(bei)的(de)毀壞還可(ke)以(yi)通(tong)過跳閘的(de)功能(neng)來停止設備(bei)繼續運(yun)行。主要應用于電力部門使用的(de)各種(zhong)高低壓開(kai)關(guan)柜(ju)、干式(shi)變壓器、箱(xiang)式(shi)變電站及其他相關(guan)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)使用領域(yu)。
仔細看溫控器(qi)上的(de)三個腳,它們(men)都有用英文字母(mu)和數字兩種方法(fa)來代(dai)替,分別是(shi):H(6)、L(3)、C(4)。
H(6)接棕色(se)線,是電(dian)源(yuan)的火線;
L(3)接灰色線,是燈的火線;
C(4)接白色線(xian),是壓縮機的(de)火線(xian)。
控制方法一(yi)般分為兩(liang)種;一(yi)種是(shi)由(you)被(bei)冷卻對(dui)象的溫度變(bian)化來進(jin)行控制,多(duo)采用(yong)蒸氣壓力式(shi)溫度控制器,另一(yi)種由(you)被(bei)冷卻對(dui)象的溫差(cha)變(bian)化來進(jin)行控制,多(duo)采用(yong)電子式(shi)溫度控制器。
其采(cai)用的(de)模糊控制(zhi)技術如PID控制(zhi),P(Proportional)比(bi)例+I(Integral)積分(fen)+D(Differential)微(wei)分(fen)控制(zhi)。
雙(shuang)金(jin)屬片突跳式溫(wen)(wen)控器是(shi)一(yi)種將定(ding)溫(wen)(wen)后的雙(shuang)金(jin)屬片作(zuo)為熱敏感反(fan)應組(zu)件,當產(chan)(chan)品(pin)主(zhu)件溫(wen)(wen)度(du)升高(gao)時(shi)所(suo)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的熱量(liang)傳遞到(dao)(dao)雙(shuang)金(jin)屬圓片上,達到(dao)(dao)動作(zuo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)設定(ding)時(shi)迅(xun)速動作(zuo),通(tong)過機構(gou)作(zuo)用是(shi)觸(chu)點斷(duan)開或閉合(he);當溫(wen)(wen)度(du)下降到(dao)(dao)復(fu)位(wei)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)設定(ding)時(shi),雙(shuang)金(jin)屬片迅(xun)速回復(fu)原狀,使(shi)觸(chu)點閉合(he)或斷(duan)開,達到(dao)(dao)接通(tong)或斷(duan)開電路的目的,從而(er)控制電路。
各(ge)(ge)種突跳(tiao)式(shi)溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)的(de)型號統稱KSD,常見的(de)如KSD301,KSD302等,該溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)是雙金屬片溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)的(de)新型產(chan)品,主要作為(wei)各(ge)(ge)種電熱(re)(re)(re)產(chan)品具(ju)過熱(re)(re)(re)保(bao)護時,通常與熱(re)(re)(re)熔(rong)斷器(qi)串接使用,突跳(tiao)式(shi)溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)作為(wei)一級保(bao)護。熱(re)(re)(re)熔(rong)斷器(qi)則(ze)在突跳(tiao)式(shi)溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)失(shi)婁或失(shi)效導致電熱(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)件(jian)超(chao)溫(wen)時,作為(wei)二級保(bao)護自,有效地(di)防止燒壞電熱(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)件(jian)以及由此而(er)引起的(de)火災事故。
是(shi)當被控(kong)(kong)(kong)制對(dui)象的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度發(fa)生變(bian)化時使(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)感(gan)(gan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部內(nei)的(de)(de)物質(一般是(shi)液(ye)體)產(chan)生相應的(de)(de)熱脹冷(leng)縮的(de)(de)物理(li)(li)現象(體積變(bian)化),與感(gan)(gan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部連通(tong)一起的(de)(de)膜盒(he)產(chan)生膨脹或收(shou)縮。以杠(gang)桿原(yuan)理(li)(li),帶動開關通(tong)斷動作,達到恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)目的(de)(de)液(ye)脹式溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)具(ju)有控(kong)(kong)(kong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)準確(que),穩定可靠,開停(ting)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差小,控(kong)(kong)(kong)制溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)節范(fan)圍大,過載電流大等性能(neng)特點。液(ye)漲式溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器(qi)主要(yao)用于家電行(xing)業(ye),電熱設備,制冷(leng)行(xing)業(ye)等溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度控(kong)(kong)(kong)制場合用。
該溫(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)通過密閉的內(nei)充感(gan)溫(wen)(wen)工質的溫(wen)(wen)包和毛細管,把被(bei)控(kong)溫(wen)(wen)度的變(bian)(bian)化轉變(bian)(bian)為(wei)空間壓(ya)力或(huo)容積的變(bian)(bian)化,達到溫(wen)(wen)度設定(ding)值時,通過彈性元件和快速瞬動(dong)(dong)機構(gou),自動(dong)(dong)關閉觸頭,以達到自動(dong)(dong)控(kong)制(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)度的目的。它由感(gan)溫(wen)(wen)部(bu)、溫(wen)(wen)度設定(ding)主體(ti)部(bu)、執行開閉的微動(dong)(dong)開關或(huo)自動(dong)(dong)風門等(deng)三部(bu)分(fen)組成(cheng)。壓(ya)力式溫(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)適用于制(zhi)冷器(qi)具(如(ru)電冰箱冰柜等(deng))和制(zhi)熱器(qi)等(deng)場(chang)合(he)。
電(dian)(dian)子式溫度控制器(電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)式)是(shi)采用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)感溫的(de)方法來測(ce)量的(de),一(yi)般采用(yong)(yong)白金(jin)絲、銅(tong)絲、鎢絲以及熱敏(min)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)等作為測(ce)溫電(dian)(dian)阻(zu),這(zhe)些電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)各有其優(you)確點(dian)。一(yi)般家用(yong)(yong)空(kong)調大都(dou)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)熱敏(min)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)式。電(dian)(dian)子式溫度控制器具(ju)有穩定,體積小(xiao)的(de)優(you)點(dian),在越(yue)來越(yue)多(duo)的(de)領域中得到使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。
數(shu)字(zi)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)式溫度(du)控制器是一(yi)種精確(que)(que)的溫度(du)檢測(ce)(ce)控制器,可(ke)以(yi)對溫度(du)進行數(shu)字(zi)量(liang)化控制。溫控器一(yi)般(ban)采用NTC熱(re)(re)敏傳(chuan)感器或(huo)者熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)偶作為溫度(du)檢測(ce)(ce)元(yuan)件,它的原理是:將(jiang)NTC熱(re)(re)敏傳(chuan)感器或(huo)者熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)偶設計到(dao)相(xiang)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)路中,NTC熱(re)(re)敏傳(chuan)感器或(huo)者熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)偶隨溫度(du)變(bian)化而改變(bian),就(jiu)會產生相(xiang)應(ying)的電(dian)(dian)壓電(dian)(dian)流(liu)改變(bian),再(zai)通(tong)過微控制器對改變(bian)的電(dian)(dian)壓電(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行檢測(ce)(ce)、量(liang)化顯(xian)示出來,并做(zuo)相(xiang)應(ying)的控制。數(shu)字(zi)溫度(du)控制器具(ju)有精確(que)(que)度(du)高(gao)、靈敏度(du)好、直觀、操(cao)作方便等(deng)特點。
在歐洲絕大多(duo)情(qing)況是(shi)溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)是(shi)壁掛爐(lu)必(bi)配(pei)(pei)件,兩者一配(pei)(pei)一的(de)同時交付用(yong)戶的(de),而且配(pei)(pei)備的(de)溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)大多(duo)是(shi)智(zhi)能型溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)。而在國(guo)內(nei),已安裝在運行(xing)和正在安裝調試準備投入使用(yong)的(de)壁掛爐(lu)近95%的(de)沒(mei)有先行(xing)配(pei)(pei)備任何形式的(de)簡易或智(zhi)能型的(de)溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)。而房(fang)間采暖系(xi)統中(zhong)配(pei)(pei)備溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi)尤其是(shi)智(zhi)能溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)器(qi),是(shi)節能采暖綜合體系(xi)中(zhong)一個極(ji)為(wei)突出的(de)最重要的(de)環節。
方便(bian):每天自動定時提前(qian)或延(yan)后開(kai)關調(diao)節壁掛(gua)爐,免去人工操作,對(dui)上班族(zu)家庭(ting)最有必要;
舒(shu)適:每天早午晚夜各時段室溫自(zi)動高(gao)低調整(zheng),免去早晨(chen)起床和下班回家后等待房間升(sheng)溫而(er)挨凍(dong)的尷(gan)尬;
省氣:改落后粗放(fang)的水(shui)溫(wen)控制為先(xian)進準(zhun)確(que)的室溫(wen)控制,加上(shang)分(fen)時段定室溫(wen)按(an)需運行,不用敞(chang)開的晝夜燒氣采(cai)暖;
放心:室(shi)(shi)溫過(guo)低時強制啟動(dong)壁掛爐,僅需極少的(de)燃氣,便可(ke)安全的(de)進行居室(shi)(shi)防凍保護。
溫控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)被廣(guang)泛的(de)使用(yong)(yong)于各種家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)當中,如電(dian)(dian)冰箱(xiang)、飲水機、熱水器(qi)(qi)(qi)、咖啡壺等(deng)。溫控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)質量直接影響到整機的(de)安全(quan)、性能、壽命,是非(fei)常關鍵的(de)一(yi)個元(yuan)件(jian)。在溫控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)眾(zhong)多(duo)技(ji)術指標當中,壽命是衡量溫控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)最重要(yao)的(de)技(ji)術指標之一(yi)。家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)標準規定,溫控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)壽命至少為(wei)10000次,部分家(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian),如電(dian)(dian)冰箱(xiang)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)當中控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)動機-壓縮機的(de)溫控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi),充液式散熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)一(yi)些溫控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)壽命要(yao)求(qiu)至少為(wei)100000次。家(jia)(jia)用(yong)(yong)溫控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)對應的(de)標準GB14536.10-2008/IEC60730-2-9:2004對溫控(kong)(kong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)壽命試驗做(zuo)了詳細的(de)規定。