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人物簡介

閻立德(de)（約596年(nian)—656年(nian)），本名閻讓(rang)，字立德(de)。唐代大臣，建筑家、工藝美術家、畫(hua)家，殿中少監閻毗(pi)之子，北(bei)周(zhou)武帝宇文邕外孫。

閻(yan)立德(de)生于長安，出(chu)身工(gong)程(cheng)世家，擅長建筑、工(gong)藝、繪(hui)畫。武(wu)德(de)初年(nian)，授秦王（李世民）府士曹參軍，遷(qian)(qian)尚衣奉(feng)御。貞(zhen)觀(guan)年(nian)間，歷任將(jiang)作少匠、將(jiang)作大匠，遷(qian)(qian)工(gong)部(bu)尚書等。顯(xian)慶(qing)元年(nian)（656年(nian)），閻(yan)立德(de)去世，獲贈(zeng)使持節、吏部(bu)尚書、并(bing)州都(dou)督。根據兒(er)子閻(yan)莊墓志(zhi)可考謚號為(wei)“康(kang)”。

閻(yan)立(li)德曾受命營造(zao)唐(tang)高祖(zu)山(shan)陵(ling)，督(du)造(zao)翠微、玉華兩宮，營建昭陵(ling)，主(zhu)持修筑唐(tang)長(chang)安城(cheng)外郭和城(cheng)樓等。對(dui)工藝(yi)、繪畫(hua)造(zao)詣頗(po)深，曾主(zhu)持設計帝(di)后所用服飾(shi)。與弟閻(yan)立(li)本同為畫(hua)家，繪畫(hua)以人物、樹石、禽獸見長(chang)，李嗣真在《論畫(hua)》中稱其畫(hua)為上品之第三(san)。

主要經歷

閻立德(de)出身貴族，為北周駙馬、石保縣公、隋(sui)代畫家(jia)閻毗和北周清都(dou)公主(zhu)的(de)長(chang)子(zi)。閻立德(de)繼承家(jia)學，擅長(chang)建筑、工(gong)藝、繪畫，具有多(duo)方(fang)面才能。

唐高(gao)祖武德(de)初年，閻立德(de)為秦王府士曹參軍，繼(ji)而任尚(shang)衣(yi)奉(feng)御，為宮(gong)廷設計(ji)服(fu)飾、輿(yu)傘儀仗等物。

唐太宗(zong)(zong)(zong)在位時，閻立(li)德升任(ren)將(jiang)(jiang)作少匠(jiang)、將(jiang)(jiang)作大匠(jiang)，負責興建宮室(shi)、陵(ling)墓等工程。曾主持修建翠(cui)微宮、玉華(hua)宮、華(hua)清宮以(yi)及獻陵(ling)（高祖李(li)淵(yuan)墓），深為唐太宗(zong)(zong)(zong)贊許和重用。官至工部(bu)尚書，負責營建昭(zhao)陵(ling)（太宗(zong)(zong)(zong)李(li)世民墓）等重大工程，

唐(tang)(tang)高(gao)宗顯(xian)慶元年（656年），閻立(li)德去世，獲贈使持節、吏部尚(shang)書、并州(zhou)都督(du)，是唐(tang)(tang)初政治集(ji)團(tuan)中重(zhong)要成員之一。

根(gen)據兒子閻莊墓志可(ke)考(kao)證謚號為康。

主要作品

繪畫作品

閻立德的繪畫(hua)作品中(zhong)值得(de)注意(yi)(yi)的有《文成(cheng)公(gong)主降(jiang)著(zhu)圖》，描繪了(le)唐太宗(zong)的公(gong)主嫁給西藏王這一(yi)在漢藏民族的歷(li)史關(guan)系(xi)上有重大(da)意(yi)(yi)義的政治性題材。

建筑作品

昭(zhao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)工程是(shi)由唐(tang)代(dai)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)工藝家、美(mei)術家閻(yan)立德、閻(yan)立本兄弟精心設(she)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。其(qi)平面(mian)(mian)布局既不(bu)(bu)同于秦漢以(yi)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)座西向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)，也(ye)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)北朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)“潛葬”之(zhi)制(zhi)，而是(shi)仿照唐(tang)長安(an)(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)制(zhi)設(she)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。長安(an)(an)(an)由宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)外(wai)廓城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)組成。宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)居全城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北部(bu)中央，是(shi)皇(huang)帝起居的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方，皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)，為百官衙署(即政治機(ji)構)，外(wai)廓城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)從東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)北三(san)方拱衛著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，是(shi)居民區。昭(zhao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)寢(qin)居于陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)園(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最北部(bu)，相(xiang)當于長安(an)(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，可(ke)比擬(ni)皇(huang)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)內(nei)(nei)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)下是(shi)玄(xuan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)圍繞山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂堆成建(jian)(jian)(jian)為方型小城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)四周有(you)(you)(you)(you)四垣，四面(mian)(mian)各有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)門(men)(men)。據(ju)史(shi)書記載，昭(zhao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)玄(xuan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰南(nan)(nan)(nan)麓，穿鑿而成。初建(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)駕設(she)棧道(dao)(dao)，棧道(dao)(dao)長400米(mi)(mi)，即230步(bu)，文(wen)德皇(huang)后先(xian)葬于玄(xuan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，而棧道(dao)(dao)并未拆除(chu)(chu)，就在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)棧道(dao)(dao)旁(pang)之(zhi)上(shang)(shang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)房舍，供宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)居住，象對待(dai)活人(ren)一(yi)樣對待(dai)皇(huang)后，待(dai)太宗葬畢，方拆除(chu)(chu)棧道(dao)(dao)，使(shi)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)與外(wai)界隔絕。玄(xuan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)深(shen)75丈，石門(men)(men)五道(dao)(dao)，中間(jian)為正(zheng)(zheng)寢(qin)，是(shi)停(ting)放棺槨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方，東(dong)(dong)(dong)西兩(liang)廂(xiang)排列著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)石床(chuang)。床(chuang)上(shang)(shang)放著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)許多(duo)(duo)石函，里(li)面(mian)(mian)裝著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)殉葬品。墓室(shi)到(dao)墓口的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通道(dao)(dao)上(shang)(shang)，用(yong)(yong)三(san)千塊(kuai)大(da)(da)石砌(qi)成，每塊(kuai)石頭有(you)(you)(you)(you)二噸重(zhong)，石與石之(zhi)間(jian)相(xiang)互鉚住。據(ju)《舊五代(dai)史(shi)·溫(wen)韜傳》載，“宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)室(shi)制(zhi)度(du)閎麗(li)，不(bu)(bu)異人(ren)間(jian)”，陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)面(mian)(mian)又(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)了(le)(le)華麗(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)殿，蒼松翠柏，巨槐長揚(yang)。杜甫在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《重(zhong)經(jing)昭(zhao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)》詩中說：“靈寢(qin)盤空曲，熊黑守(shou)翠微。再窺松柏路，還見五云飛。”在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)主峰地(di)(di)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)，是(shi)內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正(zheng)(zheng)門(men)(men)朱雀門(men)(men)，朱雀門(men)(men)之(zhi)內(nei)(nei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)獻(xian)(xian)殿，是(shi)朝(chao)拜祭獻(xian)(xian)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方，與門(men)(men)闕(que)距離很(hen)近，整個(ge)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)約10米(mi)(mi)見方，加門(men)(men)闕(que)南(nan)(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)約20米(mi)(mi)見方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場地(di)(di)，仍(reng)然是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)狹小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)里(li)曾出(chu)土殘鴟尾一(yi)件，經(jing)復原(yuan)后高(gao)1．5米(mi)(mi)，寬0．6米(mi)(mi)，長11米(mi)(mi)，以(yi)此件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)來推(tui)想，獻(xian)(xian)殿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屋脊，其(qi)高(gao)應(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)10米(mi)(mi)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，應(ying)(ying)該(gai)是(shi)重(zhong)檐九間(jian)，才能(neng)合于比例。門(men)(men)闕(que)之(zhi)間(jian)約5米(mi)(mi)，恰在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)獻(xian)(xian)殿正(zheng)(zheng)中。由此可(ke)推(tui)想這(zhe)座殿堂是(shi)多(duo)(duo)么(me)高(gao)大(da)(da)；所有(you)(you)(you)(you)這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殿宇樓閣(ge)構成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)整體(ti)，又(you)是(shi)多(duo)(duo)么(me)宏(hong)(hong)偉。獻(xian)(xian)殿南(nan)(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)過20米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場地(di)(di)，是(shi)橫向(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)條深(shen)溝，可(ke)證這(zhe)里(li)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)能(neng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石刻，也(ye)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)能(neng)再有(you)(you)(you)(you)別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物。九嵕山(shan)(shan)(shan)屬(shu)石灰巖(yan)(yan)質，長期(qi)遭(zao)受(shou)高(gao)空風雨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剝蝕，山(shan)(shan)(shan)洪沖刷，不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)無存(cun)，就連原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)形(xing)(xing)體(ti)亦改變了(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)少。但仍(reng)可(ke)略(lve)辨當年(nian)(nian)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)寢(qin)構造(zao)遺(yi)留(liu)之(zhi)痕跡(ji)：山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)外(wai)形(xing)(xing)逞馬鞍(an)形(xing)(xing)（當地(di)(di)俗稱筆架山(shan)(shan)(shan)），南(nan)(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)體(ti)兩(liang)側(ce)巖(yan)(yan)層(ceng)伸出(chu)，逞簸箕形(xing)(xing)狀；山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰殘存(cun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)窯洞(dong)。窟(ku)窿等痕跡(ji)，可(ke)能(neng)與當年(nian)(nian)棧道(dao)(dao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)關。根據(ju)文(wen)獻(xian)(xian)記載，昭(zhao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)時(shi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)腰鑿深(shen)75丈為地(di)(di)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，墓道(dao)(dao)前(qian)后有(you)(you)(you)(you)石門(men)(men)5重(zhong)；墓室(shi)內(nei)(nei)設(she)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西兩(liang)廂(xiang)，列置許多(duo)(duo)石函，內(nei)(nei)裝隨葬品。五代(dai)軍閥溫(wen)韜盜掘昭(zhao)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)記載有(you)(you)(you)(you)“從埏道(dao)(dao)下見宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)室(shi)制(zhi)度(du)，宏(hong)(hong)麗(li)不(bu)(bu)異人(ren)間(jian)”。這(zhe)都(dou)可(ke)想象這(zhe)個(ge)“山(shan)(shan)(shan)下宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)殿”內(nei)(nei)部(bu)寢(qin)殿層(ceng)層(ceng)竅深(shen)和(he)宏(hong)(hong)麗(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情景。

當(dang)時地(di)宮(gong)外面(mian)還(huan)有(you)許多木構建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),建(jian)有(you)房舍和游(you)殿等。由于(yu)地(di)宮(gong)前面(mian)四(si)周山(shan)(shan)勢陡(dou)峭凸凹不(bu)平，往(wang)來不(bu)便，又(you)“緣山(shan)(shan)傍巖架梁(liang)為棧道(dao)，懸絕百仍，繞山(shan)(shan)二百三十(shi)步，始達(da)元宮(gong)門(men)”。用棧道(dao)連(lian)結上(shang)(shang)下(xia)左右，通達(da)地(di)宮(gong)的(de)道(dao)路。但(dan)山(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)棧道(dao)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)又(you)不(bu)能垂直上(shang)(shang)下(xia)，必須左右回繞旋轉，這從(cong)杜甫所寫的(de)《重經昭(zhao)陵(ling)》“陵(ling)寢(qin)(qin)盤空曲”詩句中(zhong)得到證明。雖然前人(ren)的(de)這些記(ji)載(zai)(zai)未必絕對可靠(kao)，但(dan)從(cong)中(zhong)卻可看出其規模(mo)的(de)富(fu)麗堂(tang)皇和工程繁難的(de)程度。昭(zhao)陵(ling)四(si)周當(dang)時建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，根(gen)據宋敏(min)求(qiu)《長安(an)志圖》記(ji)載(zai)(zai)：“以九(jiu)嵕山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)峰下(xia)的(de)寢(qin)(qin)宮(gong)為中(zhong)心點(dian)，四(si)周回繞墻垣，四(si)隅建(jian)立樓(lou)閣(ge)，北(bei)為玄武門(men)，南為朱雀門(men)，周圍(wei)12里”。

貢獻影響

閻(yan)立德在唐朝(chao)初(chu)年(nian)承(cheng)繼了他的(de)父親的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)，設計皇(huang)帝的(de)禮服及儀仗車輿傘扇，并在唐太宗李世民的(de)時(shi)期(qi)督修皇(huang)宮(gong)。

閻立(li)(li)德的(de)繪畫吸取前代畫家鄭法士、張僧繇、楊子華、展(zhan)子虔之長(chang)，藝(yi)術上與(yu)其弟閻立(li)(li)本齊名，作品(pin)題材大(da)都與(yu)初(chu)唐政治有(you)較為密切(qie)的(de)關系。史(shi)載：貞觀三年(nian)(nian)（629年(nian)(nian)），東蠻謝元深到長(chang)安朝覲(jin)，閻立(li)(li)德奉詔畫《王會圖(tu)》紀其事,以(yi)歌頌唐帝國的(de)強大(da)興盛和與(yu)遠邊民族的(de)友好關系。他還(huan)畫過(guo)《文成(cheng)公主降番圖(tu)》，形象地(di)記錄了貞觀十五年(nian)(nian)太宗命文成(cheng)公主赴吐蕃與(yu)松贊干(gan)布聯姻這(zhe)一重(zhong)大(da)歷史(shi)事件。可(ke)惜這(zhe)些作品(pin)都沒有(you)流傳下(xia)來。

人物評價

李(li)嗣真《論畫(hua)》：大(da)安博陵，難兄難弟。自(zi)江右陸謝云亡，北朝子華長逝，象人之妙(miao)，實為中興。至(zhi)如萬國來(lai)庭(ting)，奉涂山之玉帛(bo)，百(bai)蠻朝貢，接應門之序(xu)位(wei)，折(zhe)旋矩(ju)規，端簪奉笏之儀，魁詭譎怪(guai)、鼻飲(yin)頭飛之俗，莫不盡該豪末，備(bei)得精神。

其他信息

人際關系

閻(yan)氏自北周時起，世代為高(gao)貴，屬于歷史學家所說的(de)(de)(de)(de)“關隴(long)集團”的(de)(de)(de)(de)一份子。閻(yan)立(li)本(ben)兄(xiong)弟的(de)(de)(de)(de)父親閻(yan)毗(pi)娶北周武帝的(de)(de)(de)(de)女兒清都(dou)(dou)公(gong)主，閻(yan)立(li)本(ben)兄(xiong)弟是北周武帝的(de)(de)(de)(de)外孫。閻(yan)毗(pi)和閻(yan)立(li)德都(dou)(dou)是有名的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝學家，閻(yan)毗(pi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)有貢(gong)獻的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程就是修(xiu)筑了隋朝運河在河北的(de)(de)(de)(de)一段(duan)（從(cong)洛(luo)口(kou)到涿郡(jun)）。

祖父

閻(yan)慶，魏侍中、驃騎大將軍(jun)，北周少司空、上柱國(guo)、寧州大總管、大安郡公。隋(sui)贈司空，謚曰成。

父母

閻毗，北(bei)周駙馬都(dou)尉、開府(fu)儀同三司，隋朝(chao)將作少匠、殿內少監(jian)、石保縣(xian)公，謚曰恭。

清都公主宇文氏

弟弟

閻立本，唐將作大(da)匠、工部尚書、右相，賜爵博陵縣男。謚曰文(wen)貞。

兒子

長子：閻(yan)玄邃(sui)，官至司(si)農(nong)少卿

次子(zi)：閻(yan)莊，字當(dang)時，以(yi)父蔭補左(zuo)千牛(niu)。隨父遠征高(gao)句麗，以(yi)軍功加(jia)騎都(dou)(dou)尉(wei)。顯慶初，加(jia)上騎都(dou)(dou)尉(wei)，改(gai)授(shou)相州司(si)馬。征入為太(tai)(tai)子(zi)右典戎(rong)勛府(fu)郎(lang)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。乾封元(yuan)年，加(jia)定遠將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍，遷左(zuo)典戎(rong)親府(fu)中郎(lang)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。遷太(tai)(tai)子(zi)左(zuo)司(si)御衛副(fu)率(lv)。遷拜太(tai)(tai)子(zi)家(jia)令(ling)，加(jia)授(shou)輕車都(dou)(dou)尉(wei)。上元(yuan)二(er)年，從高(gao)宗幸東都(dou)(dou)洛(luo)陽(yang)。其年四月(yue)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)李弘薨(hong)，九月(yue)廿一日閻(yan)莊即死于河(he)南(nan)縣宣風里第，春(chun)秋五十有二(er)。夫人劉(liu)氏(shi)，大(da)理(li)卿、刑部尚書、彭城(cheng)襄公劉(liu)德威之女(nv)，工部尚書兼檢(jian)校(xiao)左(zuo)衛大(da)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍、彭城(cheng)郡公劉(liu)審禮之妹(mei)。（出(chu)自《大(da)唐故太(tai)(tai)子(zi)家(jia)令(ling)輕車都(dou)(dou)尉(wei)閻(yan)君墓志銘》1995年出(chu)土）

三(san)子：閻泰，字玄道。（出自《大周故(gu)尚(shang)方(fang)監丞(cheng)閻府君墓(mu)志銘》）

女兒

長女閻婉，嫁唐太宗第四子李泰

其他事情

軼事典故

唐(tang)太(tai)宗貞觀三(san)年，東謝蠻（云(yun)(yun)貴高原民族(zu)）謝元深(shen)到(dao)京(jing)城朝(chao)(chao)見皇(huang)(huang)帝。他(ta)(ta)戴著黑熊皮做(zuo)的(de)帽子，用(yong)(yong)金絲絡額，穿(chuan)著用(yong)(yong)毛皮做(zuo)的(de)衣(yi)服(fu)，綁(bang)裹腿，穿(chuan)鞋(xie)。中(zhong)書(shu)(shu)侍郎(lang)顏師古上奏皇(huang)(huang)帝說：“從前，周武王治(zhi)理國家(jia)達到(dao)太(tai)平盛世(shi)(shi)，邊(bian)遠的(de)國家(jia)都來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)歸順求和。周朝(chao)(chao)的(de)史官就(jiu)將(jiang)這些(xie)事情(qing)為(wei)武衛編纂(zuan)在(zai)一(yi)起。現今(jin)，凡是(shi)皇(huang)(huang)上的(de)恩德(de)所施到(dao)的(de)地方(fang)，許多(duo)國家(jia)都來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)朝(chao)(chao)拜(bai)修好。來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)朝(chao)(chao)拜(bai)的(de)使(shi)臣(chen)中(zhong)，穿(chuan)著用(yong)(yong)絺(chi)葛(ge)做(zuo)的(de)衣(yi)服(fu)上面繡著鳥形花紋的(de)，都住在(zai)蠻（按：古代(dai)南方(fang)的(de)少數民族(zu)的(de)統稱）館(guan)里，實在(zai)有必(bi)要將(jiang)這些(xie)使(shi)臣(chen)繪(hui)圖畫(hua)像留給后人，用(yong)(yong)來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)張揚我朝(chao)(chao)恩施邊(bian)遠的(de)德(de)政(zheng)。”太(tai)宗皇(huang)(huang)帝批準了這一(yi)奏請，就(jiu)讓閻(yan)(yan)立(li)德(de)等人為(wei)這些(xie)蠻邦使(shi)臣(chen)繪(hui)圖畫(hua)像。又有趙郡人李嗣真(zhen)在(zai)他(ta)(ta)的(de)《論畫(hua)》一(yi)書(shu)(shu)“上品第三(san)”中(zhong)，論到(dao)右相博(bo)陵子閻(yan)(yan)立(li)本和他(ta)(ta)的(de)哥哥工部(bu)尚書(shu)(shu)大安(an)公閻(yan)(yan)立(li)德(de)的(de)畫(hua)時說：“閻(yan)(yan)立(li)德(de)與閻(yan)(yan)立(li)本，難兄難弟，自從江北(bei)陸謝云(yun)(yun)死(si)去，北(bei)朝(chao)(chao)楊子華去世(shi)(shi)，給表(biao)演各種技藝的(de)人畫(hua)像，他(ta)(ta)們(men)兄弟二人可算(suan)是(shi)畫(hua)得(de)最好的(de)了，實際(ji)上是(shi)使(shi)繪(hui)畫(hua)又振興起來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)。至于各國前來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)京(jing)城朝(chao)(chao)拜(bai)、獻寶的(de)使(shi)臣(chen)們(men)的(de)形像，為(wei)接待(dai)這些(xie)使(shi)臣(chen)所安(an)排的(de)儀式，以及(ji)這些(xie)使(shi)臣(chen)所展示的(de)用(yong)(yong)鼻子飲(yin)酒、用(yong)(yong)頭撞球等奇異的(de)風俗(su)，都被他(ta)(ta)們(men)兄弟繪(hui)畫(hua)下來(lai)(lai)(lai)(lai)，而且深(shen)得(de)神韻(yun)。”