電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao),軟骨魚綱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)目(mu)魚類的(de)(de)(de)統稱。最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)個(ge)體可以達(da)到2米(mi),很少(shao)在(zai)0.3米(mi)以下。背腹(fu)扁平,頭(tou)和(he)胸部在(zai)一(yi)起(qi)。尾(wei)部呈(cheng)粗棒狀,像團(tuan)扇。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)棲居在(zai)海底,一(yi)對小眼長(chang)在(zai)背側面(mian)(mian)前方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)間。在(zai)頭(tou)胸部的(de)(de)(de)腹(fu)面(mian)(mian)兩側各有(you)一(yi)個(ge)腎臟形蜂窩狀的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器。它們排列成六角柱體,叫(jiao)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)”柱。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)身上共有(you)2000個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)柱,有(you)200萬塊“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)”。這些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)之間充滿膠質狀的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質,可以起(qi)絕緣作用。每個(ge)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)”的(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)分布有(you)神經末梢,一(yi)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji),另一(yi)面(mian)(mian)則為(wei)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向是從正極(ji)流到負極(ji),也就是從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)背面(mian)(mian)流到腹(fu)面(mian)(mian)。在(zai)神經脈沖的(de)(de)(de)作用下,這兩個(ge)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器就能把神經能變成為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能,放出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來(lai)。亦稱torpedofish、numbfish或crampfish。共有(you)3科(ke)(ke)10屬(shu)38種,中(zhong)國(guo)產(chan)2科(ke)(ke)5屬(shu)8種,常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)如黑斑雙鰭(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)(Narcine maculata、舌形雙鰭(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)(N.lingula)、日本(ben)單鰭(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)(Narka japonica)。
雙鰭電鰩科:分布于太平洋(yang)、印(yin)度洋(yang)和(he)大西洋(yang)西部各(ge)沿岸海區;中國產(chan)3種(zhong),均(jun)只見于南海;
單(dan)鰭電鰩(yao)科:分布于(yu)印度-西太(tai)平(ping)洋。中(zhong)國(guo)有2屬2種:①單(dan)鰭電鰩(yao)屬,只日(ri)本(ben)單(dan)鰭電鰩(yao),分布于(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)沿海,朝鮮和日(ri)本(ben)南(nan)部(bu)沿海;②堅皮(pi)(pi)單(dan)鰭電鰩(yao)屬,只堅皮(pi)(pi)單(dan)鰭電鰩(yao),分布于(yu)南(nan)海、東海南(nan)部(bu)及(ji)日(ri)本(ben)南(nan)部(bu);
無鰭電鰩科:只1屬1種,分布于馬來半島、印度支那南部沿(yan)岸。
眼小(xiao)而(er)突(tu)(tu)出;噴水孔邊緣隆起;前鼻瓣寬大,伸達(da)(da)下唇;皮膚柔軟。背鰭一個。頭(tou)側(ce)與胸(xiong)(xiong)鰭間有大型發(fa)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)。體(ti)盤亞圓(yuan)形。腹鰭外角不(bu)突(tu)(tu)出,后緣平直。尾(wei)具(ju)側(ce)褶。背部赤褐色,具(ju)少數不(bu)規(gui)則暗斑(ban)。鰓孔5個,狹小(xiao),直行(xing)排列。齒細小(xiao)而(er)多。頭(tou)側(ce)與胸(xiong)(xiong)鰭間具(ju)1對發(fa)達(da)(da)的卵圓(yuan)形發(fa)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)官,由肌肉組織變(bian)異而(er)成,發(fa)電(dian)(dian)時的電(dian)(dian)壓一般在75-80v,最高可(ke)達(da)(da)200v。體(ti)表(biao)柔軟。尾(wei)鰭發(fa)達(da)(da),體(ti)長可(ke)達(da)(da)1.5m,體(ti)重可(ke)達(da)(da)6.1kg。口小(xiao)或中大,唇褶發(fa)達(da)(da)。眼小(xiao)。
生境:近海底棲魚類。
分布(bu):沿海(hai),但很少(shao)見(jian)到。但在黃海(hai)、渤(bo)海(hai)中常見(jian)。
電(dian)(dian)鰩長(chang)約750px~2m,體(ti)柔(rou)軟(ruan),皮膚光(guang)滑(hua),頭與胸鰭形成圓(yuan)或近于(yu)(yu)圓(yuan)形的(de)體(ti)盤。發電(dian)(dian)器(qi)一對,由變(bian)態的(de)肌(ji)肉組織構成,位于(yu)(yu)體(ti)盤內,頭部兩側(ce)能發電(dian)(dian),用(yong)于(yu)(yu)防(fang)御和捕獲獵物,大型電(dian)(dian)鰩發出(chu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)流足(zu)以(yi)擊倒成人。
體盤 橢(tuo)圓形,寬(kuan)稍(shao)(shao)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)長;尾寬(kuan)短(duan),稍(shao)(shao)短(duan)于(yu)頭和軀干之長,比體盤為長,側(ce)(ce)褶很(hen)低,幾消失(shi)。吻(wen)頗長,前(qian)(qian)端廣圓;吻(wen)軟骨柔軟,細長,正中一條。眶前(qian)(qian)軟骨很(hen)發達,側(ce)(ce)位,分(fen)作多(duo)枝,里(li)側(ce)(ce)以(yi)韌帶連于(yu)吻(wen)軟骨基側(ce)(ce)。眼微(wei)小(xiao)(xiao),埋于(yu)皮下,位于(yu)噴水孔(kong)里(li)側(ce)(ce)上(shang)角。噴水孔(kong)頗大,橢(tuo)圓形。邊緣光滑(hua),平坦或微(wei)突(tu)起。鼻孔(kong)小(xiao)(xiao);鼻口(kou)溝很(hen)短(duan);前(qian)(qian)鼻瓣連合為一口(kou)蓋;后(hou)鼻瓣短(duan)小(xiao)(xiao),具一半環狀薄膜。口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao),平橫,口(kou)前(qian)(qian)具一深溝,能突(tu)出;口(kou)寬(kuan)約等于(yu)口(kou)前(qian)(qian)吻(wen)長2/5;唇軟厚而(er)皺;上(shang)唇分(fen)兩側(ce)(ce)和中央三部;下唇寬(kuan)而(er)連續。牙細小(xiao)(xiao)而(er)多(duo),平扁(bian),齒(chi)頭低平后(hou)突(tu),上(shang)下頜各14~5縱(zong)行;齒(chi)面不外露。鰓孔(kong)很(hen)小(xiao)(xiao),直行排列。
胸(xiong)部前(qian)延,到(dao)達鼻囊(nang)前(qian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的水平(ping)線,前(qian)端寬(kuan)廣(guang)地被(bei)軟吻軟骨(gu)及眶前(qian)軟骨(gu)隔開;前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)連(lian)續,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)部狹直,無里(li)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)角。腹鰭(qi)前(qian)角圓鈍,顯著突(tu)出,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)深凹,里(li)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)很短可消失,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)角尖小(xiao)。背鰭(qi)一個,頗(po)小(xiao),起點在(zai)(zai)腹鰭(qi)基(ji)(ji)底之后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),前(qian)、后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)、里(li)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)分明,前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)角圓鈍,與(yu)(yu)尾基(ji)(ji)的距離稍短于(yu)背鰭(qi)基(ji)(ji)底長。尾鰭(qi)頗(po)寬(kuan)大,上葉比下葉大,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)(yu)下緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)斜(xie)圓形。背面灰褐色(se)或赤褐色(se),具不規則暗色(se)斑塊。尾側白色(se)。體側在(zai)(zai)胸(xiong)、腹鰭(qi)之間白色(se);腹面白色(se),體盤與(yu)(yu)腹鰭(qi)邊(bian)緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)白色(se);有時胸(xiong)、腹外側和尾之后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)部褐色(se)。
電鰩(yao)科(ke)(Torpedinidae)、單鰭(qi)電鰩(yao)科(ke)(Narkidae)、無鰭(qi)電鰩(yao)科(ke)(Temeridae)魚(yu)類(lei)的統(tong)稱,以能發(fa)電傷(shang)人(ren)而聞名。見于世(shi)界熱、溫帶(dai)水(shui)域。種類(lei)多,多棲於(wu)淺水(shui),但深海電鰩(yao)屬(shu)(Benthobatis)等(deng)可(ke)生(sheng)活於(wu)1,000公尺(3,300呎(chi))以下的深水(shui)。活動緩慢,底棲,以魚(yu)類(lei)及(ji)無脊椎動物(wu)為食。如(ru)不(bu)被(bei)觸及(ji)則對人(ren)無害,經濟價(jia)值微不(bu)足道。
長約30公(gong)分~2公(gong)尺(1~6呎)。體柔軟,皮膚光滑,頭與胸鰭形(xing)成圓或近于(yu)圓形(xing)的體盤。發電器(qi)一對,由變態的肌肉組織構成,位於體盤內,頭部兩側,能發電,用(yong)于(yu)防御(yu)和捕獲獵(lie)物,大(da)型電鰩(yao)發出的電流足以擊倒成人。古希臘人及羅馬人用(yong)黑電鰩(yao)(Torpedo nobiliana)的電擊治療痛(tong)風、頭痛(tong)等疾病。
軟(ruan)骨(gu)魚綱(gang)電鰩目是板腮(sai)類魚的(de)一(yi)(yi)個目,此目的(de)魚腮(sai)裂和口都(dou)在腹位,有(you)五個腮(sai)裂,身體(ti)平扁(bian)卵圓(yuan)形,吻不突出,臀(tun)鰭(qi)消失,尾鰭(qi)很小,胸(xiong)鰭(qi)寬(kuan)大,胸(xiong)鰭(qi)前(qian)緣和體(ti)側相連(lian)接。在胸(xiong)鰭(qi)和頭之間的(de)身體(ti)每側有(you)一(yi)(yi)個大的(de)發電器官,能發電,以電擊敵人或獵物(wu)(wu),卵胎生,分(fen)(fen)布在熱帶和亞熱帶近海,半(ban)埋在泥沙中等待獵物(wu)(wu),一(yi)(yi)般(ban)體(ti)形較小,沒有(you)食用價值(zhi)。根據背鰭(qi)的(de)多少(shao),分(fen)(fen)為三科:
電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)體(ti)可(ke)以達到(dao)2米,很(hen)(hen)(hen)少在0.3米以下。背腹(fu)(fu)(fu)扁平,頭和胸(xiong)部在一(yi)(yi)起。尾部呈粗棒(bang)狀(zhuang),像團扇。電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)棲居在海底,一(yi)(yi)對(dui)小眼長(chang)在背側面(mian)前方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中間。在頭胸(xiong)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腹(fu)(fu)(fu)面(mian)兩側各(ge)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)腎臟形蜂窩狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)。它們排(pai)列成六角柱(zhu)體(ti),叫“電(dian)(dian)板(ban)”柱(zhu)。電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)身上(shang)共(gong)有(you)(you)2000個(ge)電(dian)(dian)板(ban)柱(zhu),有(you)(you)200萬塊“電(dian)(dian)板(ban)”。這些電(dian)(dian)板(ban)之間充滿膠(jiao)質(zhi)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質(zhi),可(ke)以起絕緣作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。每個(ge)“電(dian)(dian)板(ban)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)分布有(you)(you)神(shen)經末梢,一(yi)(yi)面(mian)為負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)極(ji),另一(yi)(yi)面(mian)則(ze)為正電(dian)(dian)極(ji)。電(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方向是(shi)從(cong)(cong)正極(ji)流(liu)到(dao)負(fu)(fu)極(ji),也就(jiu)是(shi)從(cong)(cong)電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)背面(mian)流(liu)到(dao)腹(fu)(fu)(fu)面(mian)。在神(shen)經脈沖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)下,這兩個(ge)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)就(jiu)能(neng)把神(shen)經能(neng)變成為電(dian)(dian)能(neng),放(fang)出電(dian)(dian)來(lai)。單個(ge)“電(dian)(dian)板(ban)”產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)很(hen)(hen)(hen)微弱,可(ke)是(shi),由于數量很(hen)(hen)(hen)多,就(jiu)能(neng)發(fa)出很(hen)(hen)(hen)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)來(lai)。電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)每一(yi)(yi)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)板(ban),只(zhi)是(shi)肌纖維的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變態。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)官是(shi)從(cong)(cong)某(mou)些鰓肌演變而(er)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在演變發(fa)生過程中解除了腮肌原來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職務(wu),而(er)承擔了新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)——發(fa)電(dian)(dian)。
自我保護
發(fa)電(dian)器最主要的(de)樞紐,是(shi)器官的(de)神經部分,電(dian)鰩能隨意放電(dian),放電(dian)時間和強度,它完全能夠自(zi)己掌握。電(dian)鰩可以發(fa)電(dian),并(bing)靠發(fa)出的(de)電(dian)流擊斃(bi)水中(zhong)的(de)小(xiao)魚、蝦(xia)及其(qi)他(ta)的(de)小(xiao)動物,是(shi)一種捕食和打擊敵(di)害(hai)的(de)手段。
世(shi)界上有好多種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao),其發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)能力各(ge)不(bu)相同。非洲電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)一次(ci)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)220伏(fu)(fu)左右,中等大(da)小的電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)一次(ci)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)70~80伏(fu)(fu),像較小的南美電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)一次(ci)只能發(fa)(fa)(fa)出37伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)壓。由于電(dian)(dian)鰩(yao)(yao)(yao)會發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian),人們(men)叫(jiao)它做活的發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機、活電(dian)(dian)池、電(dian)(dian)魚(yu)等。
電(dian)鰩(yao)可以(yi)放(fang)出50安(an)培的電(dian)流,電(dian)壓達60~80伏,有海(hai)中“活(huo)電(dian)站(zhan)”之稱。電(dian)鰩(yao)每(mei)秒鐘(zhong)能(neng)放(fang)電(dian)50次(ci),但連續放(fang)電(dian)后,電(dian)流逐漸減弱,10~15秒鐘(zhong)后完全(quan)消失,休息一會(hui)后又能(neng)重(zhong)新恢復放(fang)電(dian)能(neng)力。
電(dian)(dian)鰩的放電(dian)(dian)特性(xing)啟(qi)發(fa)人們(men)發(fa)明和創造了能貯存電(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)池。人們(men)日常生活中所用的干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池,在正(zheng)負極間的糊狀填充物,就是受電(dian)(dian)鰩發(fa)電(dian)(dian)器里的膠狀物啟(qi)發(fa)而改(gai)進的。
早在古希臘(la)和(he)羅馬時代,醫(yi)生(sheng)們常(chang)常(chang)把(ba)病人(ren)放到(dao)電(dian)鰩身上(shang),或者讓(rang)病人(ren)去碰一(yi)下正(zheng)在池中放電(dian)的(de)電(dian)鰩,利(li)用電(dian)鰩放電(dian)來治(zhi)療風(feng)濕(shi)癥和(he)癲狂癥等病。就是到(dao)了今(jin)天(tian),在法國和(he)意大利(li)沿海,還可能看到(dao)一(yi)些患有風(feng)濕(shi)病的(de)老年人(ren),正(zheng)在退潮(chao)后的(de)海灘上(shang)尋(xun)找電(dian)鰩,當做自己的(de)“醫(yi)生(sheng)”呢。
放電原因
1989年(nian),在法國科學(xue)城舉辦了一(yi)(yi)(yi)次饒有(you)趣(qu)味(wei)的(de)(de)“時(shi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)”回顧(gu)展覽,一(yi)(yi)(yi)座用帶電(dian)魚放出的(de)(de)電(dian)來驅動的(de)(de)時(shi)鐘(zhong)(zhong),引起了人們(men)極大的(de)(de)興趣(qu)。這種帶電(dian)魚放電(dian)十(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)規律,電(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)方向(xiang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)變換一(yi)(yi)(yi)次,因而被人稱為“天然報(bao)時(shi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)”。常見的(de)(de)帶電(dian)魚有(you)電(dian)鰻、電(dian)鰩(yao)、電(dian)鯰等(deng)。其中電(dian)鰩(yao)電(dian)力(li)第二強了。 它放電(dian)電(dian)壓可達300~500伏,足以把附近的(de)(de)魚電(dian)死,人和牲畜(chu)碰上,全身也會麻(ma)痹。據計(ji)算,1萬條電(dian)鰩(yao)的(de)(de)電(dian)能聚(ju)集在一(yi)(yi)(yi)起,足夠使(shi)1列電(dian)力(li)機車(che)運行幾分(fen)(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)。
放電原理
原(yuan)來(lai),電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩是活(huo)的(de)(de)“發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機”。它(ta)尾(wei)部兩側的(de)(de)肌(ji)肉,是由有(you)規則地排列(lie)著的(de)(de)6000~10000枚(mei)肌(ji)肉薄(bo)(bo)片(pian)組(zu)成(cheng),薄(bo)(bo)片(pian)之(zhi)間(jian)有(you)結締組(zu)織相隔,并有(you)許多神經直通中(zhong)樞神經系統。每枚(mei)肌(ji)肉薄(bo)(bo)片(pian)像一(yi)個(ge)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),只能(neng)(neng)產生150毫伏的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓,但近萬個(ge)“小電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)”串(chuan)聯起(qi)來(lai),就可以產生很高的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩尾(wei)部發(fa)出的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流,流向頭部的(de)(de)感受(shou)器,因此在(zai)它(ta)身體周(zhou)圍形(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)個(ge)弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)場。電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰻(man)中(zhong)樞神經系統中(zhong)有(you)專門的(de)(de)細胞來(lai)監視電(dian)(dian)(dian)感受(shou)器的(de)(de)活(huo)動,并能(neng)(neng)根據監視分析的(de)(de)結果(guo)指揮電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰻(man)的(de)(de)行為(wei),決定(ding)采取捕食行為(wei)或避讓(rang)行為(wei)或其它(ta)行為(wei)。有(you)人做過這(zhe)(zhe)么一(yi)個(ge)實(shi)驗:在(zai)水池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)放(fang)置兩根垂直的(de)(de)導(dao)線,放(fang)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩,并將水池(chi)(chi)放(fang)在(zai)黑暗的(de)(de)環境里(li),結果(guo)發(fa)現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰻(man)總在(zai)導(dao)線中(zhong)間(jian)穿梭,一(yi)點兒也不(bu)會碰導(dao)線;當導(dao)線通電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou),電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰩一(yi)下子就往后(hou)跑了。這(zhe)(zhe)說(shuo)明電(dian)(dian)(dian)鰻(man)是靠“電(dian)(dian)(dian)感”來(lai)判斷周(zhou)圍環境的(de)(de)。
電鰩放完體內(nei)蓄存的(de)電能后,要經過(guo)一段時(shi)間的(de)積聚,才能繼續放電。
世界上已知的發電(dian)魚類(lei)(lei)達數(shu)十種呢(ni),其他會放電(dian)的魚類(lei)(lei)還(huan)有電(dian)鯰(nian)、電(dian)鰻等。
吸(xi)力超(chao)強電(dian)鰩(yao)這個新品種(zhong)是(shi)已(yi)知(zhi)最大的電(dian)鰩(yao)家(jia)族(zu)單鰭電(dian)鰩(yao)科的成員(yuan),它之所以(yi)能進(jin)入年度十(shi)大發現新物(wu)種(zhong)排名榜中,是(shi)因為它的屬名非常與眾不(bu)同(tong)且很有(you)趣。科學家(jia)拍攝(she)的電(dian)鰩(yao)覓食錄(lu)像中顯示,這種(zhong)魚可(ke)在水中像吸(xi)塵器(qi)一樣捕(bu)食獵物(wu),或許能跟用來吸(xi)取地毯(tan)、家(jia)具和其(qi)他(ta)容易落灰塵的現代家(jia)居用品表(biao)面的雜物(wu)的電(dian)動吸(xi)塵器(qi)相媲(pi)美。因此科學家(jia)按照伊萊(lai)克(ke)斯(electrolux)真空(kong)吸(xi)塵器(qi)的名字給它命名。