碧云洞(dong)(dong)又名(ming)(ming)“水洞(dong)(dong)”,系天然(ran)喀斯(si)特溶洞(dong)(dong),位(wei)于盤州(zhou)市老縣城城關鎮西南一(yi)公里處。洞(dong)(dong)內境觀奇(qi)特,明(ming)代的《一(yi)統志》曾將其稱為(wei)“普安第(di)一(yi)奇(qi)觀”。在《中國名(ming)(ming)勝辭典》中,碧云洞(dong)(dong)是六盤水境內唯一(yi)被收錄的名(ming)(ming)勝景點。“水洞(dong)(dong)”之名(ming)(ming)最早源于洞(dong)(dong)外崖(ya)壁上的“水洞(dong)(dong)”二字摩崖(ya),攜書(shu)時間為(wei)明(ming)嘉靖三(san)年(nian)(1524年(nian))。此后,嘉靖三(san)十年(nian)(1551年(nian))所編纂的《普安州(zhou)志》在更訂(ding)為(wei)“碧云佳興”,“碧云洞(dong)(dong)”之名(ming)(ming)由此而得。
云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)一(yi)“曲洞(dong)(dong)(dong)吞溪十里(li)幽,一(yi)方佳麗冠南(nan)州”的(de)(de)碧(bi)云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)位于(yu)城關鎮南(nan)1.5公里(li),系天(tian)然喀斯特(te)溶洞(dong)(dong)(dong)。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)長(chang)6.5公里(li),有(you)三條溪水匯合(he)而(er)(er)入,又(you)稱“水洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”。明(ming)《統一(yi)志》稱其為“普(pu)安第一(yi)奇(qi)(qi)觀”,在《中(zhong)國名(ming)勝(sheng)辭(ci)典》和《徐霞客游記(ji)》中(zhong)有(you)碧(bi)云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)景(jing)觀的(de)(de)記(ji)述。1992年加入國際洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴協會。碧(bi)云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)分洞(dong)(dong)(dong)景(jing)和崖景(jing),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)號(hao)分水洞(dong)(dong)(dong)和旱洞(dong)(dong)(dong),水洞(dong)(dong)(dong)分進口和出口,相距(ju)6.5公里(li),伏(fu)流貫通其中(zhong),流出風洞(dong)(dong)(dong),泄(xie)入南(nan)扳(ban)橋河(he)。崖景(jing)分東崖景(jing)于(yu)。西崖景(jing),東崖景(jing)有(you)碧(bi)云(yun)(yun)寺、回音亭(ting)和碑林。西崖景(jing)自下而(er)(er)上有(you)巖臺、曲徑、天(tian)梯、棧(zhan)道、凌云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)、真是步(bu)步(bu)登步(bu)步(bu)奇(qi)(qi),處(chu)處(chu)有(you)險(xian)處(chu)處(chu)歡。
碧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)云洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)源遠流(liu)長,早在明清兩代碧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)云洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)就多達28處,有明嘉靖三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(1524年(nian)(nian))監察(cha)御(yu)使江(jiang)(jiang)良(liang)才在天(tian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)口外石(shi)(shi)(shi)壁上留下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行書石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)“水洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”二字(zi),至今~-400}年(nian)(nian)歷(li)史(shi)。嘉靖34年(nian)(nian)“普安第一(yi)(yi)進(jin)士(shi)盤縣(xian)(xian)人蔣虹泉(即蔣宗魯)又在崖(ya)上留下了“廊廟江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu),人間仙景”,八(ba)個楷書石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)大(da)字(zi),有巡按(an)貴州監察(cha)御(yu)使陳(chen)效題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“通(tong)天(tian)一(yi)(yi)門(men)”等(deng)摩(mo)(mo)巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)。明崇禎十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(1638年(nian)(nian))五(wu)月初(chu)三(san)(san)日(ri)徐霞(xia)客對碧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)云洞(dong)(dong)(dong)作了認真的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)考(kao)察(cha)和(he)翔(xiang)實(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記述,他在((游(you)記》中寫到:“洞(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)北向迎溪,前有巨石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊,題(ti),‘碧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)云洞(dong)(dong)(dong)天(tian)’始知是洞(dong)(dong)(dong)之碧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)云也(ye)”,可(ke)知明朝時此洞(dong)(dong)(dong)已被取名為碧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)云洞(dong)(dong)(dong),徐霞(xia)客還(huan)提到張渙、沈(shen)思充題(ti)寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)碑,“詩(shi)不甚(shen)佳,而(er)渙字(zi)極暹活可(ke)愛(ai)、足以(yi)徐霞(xia)客在《游(you)記》中稱其有“懸龍(long)脊”、“十(shi)八(ba)龍(long)田”、“蛇脫(tuo)皮”踞(ju)獅等(deng)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中四絕,而(er)宏大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內廳(ting)則被稱之為秦朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阿房宮(gong)和(he)漢朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來央宮(gong)。1984年(nian)(nian)縣(xian)(xian)政府在此修建了碧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)云公(gong)園,園內仿建了古牌(pai)、樓、大(da)門(men)和(he)亭閣、茶室、水池、花園、石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)坊等(deng),億立(li)于園中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)徐霞(xia)客塑像(xiang)、身背(bei)包袱雨傘、風塵仆仆、宛如當年(nian)(nian)旅游(you)考(kao)察(cha)之神(shen)情,每年(nian)(nian)農歷(li)正月二十(shi)三(san)(san)日(ri),有“玩水洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習俗(su),全縣(xian)(xian)各(ge)族人民前來游(you)覽(lan)“碧(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)云洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”。