黑盾(dun)胡蜂主要分(fen)布(bu)在(zai)河北、陜西、四川、浙(zhe)江、福(fu)建、廣東(dong)、廣西、云南;印度,越南,法國。雌蜂體(ti)長(chang)約21毫(hao)米(mi),頭(tou)部(bu)寬略窄(zhai)于胸(xiong)部(bu)。兩觸(chu)角窩之(zhi)間整個隆起,黃色,額溝不明顯,布(bu)有棕色較長(chang)的毛(mao),刻點淺細,除(chu)兩復(fu)眼內(nei)緣(yuan)凹陷(xian)及下側為(wei)鮮黃色外,額部(bu)及顱頂部(bu)均為(wei)黑色。雄蜂:近似雌蜂。唇基端部(bu)無明顯突起的兩個齒;腹部(bu)7節。 在(zai)田野和(he)林間較為(wei)常見(jian),寄生菜(cai)青蟲、棉鈴(ling)蟲等。
河北、陜(shan)西(xi)、浙(zhe)江(jiang)、四(si)川(chuan)、廣東、廣西(xi)、福建(jian)、云(yun)南、西(xi)藏;印度,越南,法國(guo)。
雌蜂:頭部(bu)(bu)(bu)寬略窄于胸部(bu)(bu)(bu)。兩觸角(jiao)窩之(zhi)間整(zheng)個隆起(qi)(qi),黃(huang)(huang)色(se),額(e)溝不(bu)明顯(xian),布有棕(zong)色(se)較長的毛(mao),刻點(dian)(dian)淺細,除兩復(fu)眼(yan)內緣凹(ao)(ao)陷(xian)及(ji)下側為(wei)鮮(xian)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)外,額(e)部(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)顱頂部(bu)(bu)(bu)均(jun)為(wei)黑色(se)。刻點(dian)(dian)細密,布棕(zong)色(se)較長毛(mao),額(e)部(bu)(bu)(bu)單眼(yan)區略凹(ao)(ao)陷(xian),棕(zong)色(se)單眼(yan)呈(cheng)倒三角(jiao)形排列于兩復(fu)眼(yan)頂部(bu)(bu)(bu)之(zhi)間。頰部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)黃(huang)(huang)色(se),刻點(dian)(dian)淺細,覆棕(zong)色(se)毛(mao)。觸角(jiao)支角(jiao)突黑色(se),柄節背部(bu)(bu)(bu)黑色(se),腹(fu)面(mian)淡黃(huang)(huang)色(se),鞭節背面(mian)黑色(se),腹(fu)面(mian)銹色(se);端(duan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)數節背面(mian)亦(yi)呈(cheng)銹色(se)。唇基鮮(xian)黃(huang)(huang)色(se),略隆起(qi)(qi),布有細淺刻點(dian)(dian)及(ji)短毛(mao),基部(bu)(bu)(bu)中央有小凹(ao)(ao)陷(xian),端(duan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)呈(cheng)2鈍(dun)圓(yuan)形的齒狀(zhuang)突起(qi)(qi)。上顎(e)鮮(xian)黃(huang)(huang)色(se),稀布淺刻點(dian)(dian),覆短毛(mao),端(duan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)齒黑色(se),下部(bu)(bu)(bu)1/2有3個齒,上部(bu)(bu)(bu)呈(cheng)刃(ren)狀(zhuang),最上1個齒短而寬,極不(bu)明顯(xian)。
胸(xiong)部(bu):前(qian)(qian)胸(xiong)背板(ban)中(zhong)部(bu)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)圓(yuan)形隆(long)起(qi),兩(liang)肩角可見(jian)、全(quan)(quan)(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),布有細(xi)線刻(ke)點,并覆較(jiao)長(chang)的棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)毛(mao)(mao)。中(zhong)胸(xiong)背板(ban)全(quan)(quan)(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),略(lve)隆(long)起(qi),中(zhong)央縱(zong)隆(long)線明顯;刻(ke)點淺細(xi),覆棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)長(chang)毛(mao)(mao)。小(xiao)盾片(pian)(pian)(pian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),中(zhong)央有1深色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)縱(zong)溝(gou),刻(ke)點淺細(xi),覆較(jiao)長(chang)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)毛(mao)(mao),隆(long)起(qi)狀。后小(xiao)盾片(pian)(pian)(pian)五邊(bian)形,端(duan)部(bu)中(zhong)央角狀突出,刻(ke)點細(xi)淺,全(quan)(quan)(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),向下垂直狀。并胸(xiong)腹節(jie)(jie)(jie)亦全(quan)(quan)(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),但與后小(xiao)盾片(pian)(pian)(pian)相(xiang)鄰處為黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),中(zhong)央縱(zong)溝(gou)亦為黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),形成1“Y”狀黑(hei)紋,刻(ke)點細(xi)淺幾(ji)不見(jian),覆棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)長(chang)毛(mao)(mao)。中(zhong)胸(xiong)側(ce)板(ban)不隆(long)起(qi),全(quan)(quan)(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),刻(ke)點細(xi)淺幾(ji)不見(jian),覆棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)長(chang)毛(mao)(mao)。后胸(xiong)側(ce)板(ban)全(quan)(quan)(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),較(jiao)窄,下側(ce)片(pian)(pian)(pian)后緣(yuan)與并胸(xiong)腹節(jie)(jie)(jie)幾(ji)愈合,光(guang)(guang)滑。翅(chi)基片(pian)(pian)(pian)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),外緣(yuan)略(lve)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),光(guang)(guang)滑。翅(chi)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),前(qian)(qian)翅(chi)前(qian)(qian)緣(yuan)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)略(lve)深。前(qian)(qian)、中(zhong)、后足均(jun)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),唯(wei)各足跗節(jie)(jie)(jie)略(lve)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),脛(jing)節(jie)(jie)(jie)距(ju)及(ji)各足爪的端(duan)半(ban)部(bu)、爪墊近(jin)黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),爪均(jun)無齒。
腹(fu)部(bu):第(di)1節(jie)背板(ban)全(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se),僅基部(bu)細柄(bing)處黑色(se)(se)(se)(se),垂直截面處中(zhong)央及背面中(zhong)部(bu)橫(heng)向各(ge)有(you)(you)1棕(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)線(xian),刻點幾不見,覆(fu)棕(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)長(chang)毛(mao)(mao)(mao),腹(fu)板(ban)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se),橫(heng)寬(kuan)而短,呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)扁三(san)角(jiao)形,覆(fu)短毛(mao)(mao)(mao)。第(di)2節(jie)背板(ban)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se),基部(bu)有(you)(you)1黑色(se)(se)(se)(se)窄(zhai)線(xian),近基部(bu)略(lve)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)橫(heng)帶,光滑(hua)無刻點,覆(fu)棕(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)長(chang)毛(mao)(mao)(mao),中(zhong)部(bu)兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)各(ge)有(you)(you)1略(lve)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)的小(xiao)(xiao)斑,第(di)3 至5節(jie)背板(ban),全(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se),中(zhong)部(bu)兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)各(ge)有(you)(you)1略(lve)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)的小(xiao)(xiao)斑,光滑(hua),覆(fu)較(jiao)長(chang)棕(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)。第(di)2至5節(jie)腹(fu)板(ban)全(quan)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se),僅于(yu)中(zhong)部(bu)兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)各(ge)有(you)(you)1略(lve)呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)棕(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)的淺斑,光滑(hua),覆(fu)較(jiao)長(chang)棕(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)。第(di)6節(jie)背、腹(fu)板(ban)均呈(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se),近三(san)角(jiao)形,光滑(hua),覆(fu)棕(zong)(zong)色(se)(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)長(chang)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)。
體(ti)長約21毫(hao)米。
雄(xiong)蜂:近似雌(ci)蜂。唇基(ji)端部(bu)無明顯突起的(de)兩個齒(chi)。腹部(bu)7節。
體長約24毫(hao)米。
在田野和林(lin)間(jian)較為常見。據在廣西欽州三十六曲林(lin)場觀(guan)察,蜂群在掛放鳥(niao)箱(xiang)內過(guo)冬(dong),根據這一特性,可(ke)采取保護過(guo)冬(dong)措施,有利次年繁蜂。此蜂喜(xi)食多種植物(wu)的花(hua)蜜(mi)和松毛(mao)蟲(chong)幼蟲(chong)。
菜青蟲(chong)、棉鈴蟲(chong)等。