國民黨軍
以國(guo)民(min)黨軍胡(hu)宗南(nan)部楊蔭寰為(wei)首之六十(shi)(shi)(shi)一旅(lv),憑借城周天(tian)然斷溝和堅固(gu)筑(zhu)城固(gu)守洛(luo)川。何(he)文鼎(ding)整編十(shi)(shi)(shi)七師(shi)(shi)(shi)守延安(工事亦(yi)堅固(gu))。第五兵團裴昌會指揮整編三十(shi)(shi)(shi)六師(shi)(shi)(shi)、整編三十(shi)(shi)(shi)八師(shi)(shi)(shi)、整編六十(shi)(shi)(shi)五師(shi)(shi)(shi)、整編三十(shi)(shi)(shi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)等共8個旅(lv)以上(shang)兵力,4月5日由同官(即銅川)增援洛(luo)川,11日始進至宜君(jun),7天(tian)前(qian)進52公里,行(xing)動空前(qian)謹慎(shen)。整編一師(shi)(shi)(shi)位蒲城作(zuo)機動。暫編二(er)旅(lv)、新編九(jiu)旅(lv)、騎(qi)二(er)旅(lv)等守備涇陽(yang)、耀(yao)縣、淳(chun)化之三角地(di)區。
解放軍
彭德懷認為(wei),由于解放軍繼續圍(wei)攻洛川(chuan)與(yu)待機打援比(bi)較困(kun)難(nan),但是原攻奪洛川(chuan),準備收復延安(an)的計劃不(bu)能不(bu)有所改(gai)變,故決心向(xiang)胡宗南(nan)部后(hou)方(fang)之(zhi)西(xi)府(西(xi)安(an)以西(xi),涇河(he)與(yu)渭(wei)河(he)之(zhi)間的地(di)(di)區,古稱西(xi)府,首(shou)府鳳(feng)翔(xiang)。包(bao)括今(jin)寶雞(ji)、咸陽等地(di)(di),地(di)(di)處關(guan)(guan)中、漢中和四川(chuan)的咽喉(hou)要沖(chong),自古以來就是兵家必(bi)爭之(zhi)地(di)(di))挺進,攻敵要害之(zhi)寶雞(ji),調退延安(an)、洛川(chuan)守敵,以達鞏(gong)固后(hou)方(fang)和黃龍新區之(zhi)目(mu)的。除以三縱隊繼續圍(wei)困(kun)洛川(chuan),迷惑敵人外(wai),主力(一(yi)、二、四、六(liu)縱隊)于4月7日由洛川(chuan)、中部(即(ji)黃陵(ling)縣)地(di)(di)區向(xiang)關(guan)(guan)中移(yi)動,4月12日先后(hou)抵馬(ma)欄(lan)、轉角、廟(miao)灣、照金地(di)(di)區集(ji)結。并依下(xia)列部署西(xi)進:
(1)二、四縱隊統(tong)由張宗遜副司(si)令員指揮為左路,取(qu)道(dao)高王鎮(zhen)南渡涇河,奪(duo)取(qu)監軍鎮(zhen)(永(yong)壽(shou)縣址)、乾縣,得手(shou)后一(yi)部(bu)奪(duo)取(qu)禮(li)泉、興平向咸陽(yang)佯動(dong),主力(li)迅(xun)速奪(duo)取(qu)武功、扶風、岐山,相機攻占寶(bao)雞(ji),并徹(che)底破壞興平附近鐵(tie)路。
(2)一縱(zong)隊為(wei)中(zhong)路,攻占旬邑后,經張洪鎮渡涇河,奪取彬縣,向麟游、鳳(feng)翔(xiang)挺進,協同二縱(zong)隊相機奪取寶雞(ji)。
(3)六縱隊為右路,于掃清職田鎮、太峪鎮、世店鎮之反動地方武裝后,由亭口、彬(bin)縣間渡(du)涇河,爾后依情(qing)況相機使用。
1948年3月,西(xi)北野(ye)戰軍(jun)由宜川地(di)區(qu)南(nan)(nan)下(xia),發起(qi)黃(huang)虎山麓戰役,解放黃(huang)陵、鄜(fu)縣(xian)(今富縣(xian))、宜君、白水等縣(xian),逼近蒲城(cheng),圍攻(gong)洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川,并準備打(da)援。國(guo)民(min)黨(dang)(dang)西(xi)安“綏靖”公署主任胡宗(zong)南(nan)(nan)即令所屬第5兵團率(lv)5個整編師從豫(yu)陜(shan)邊界(jie)地(di)區(qu)馳援洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川,增防西(xi)安。4月6日,西(xi)北野(ye)戰軍(jun)司令員兼政治(zhi)委員彭德懷鑒(jian)于洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川久(jiu)攻(gong)不克,國(guo)民(min)黨(dang)(dang)軍(jun)增援洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川行動(dong)謹慎,原準備攻(gong)取(qu)洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川后(hou)收復延安并殲滅國(guo)民(min)黨(dang)(dang)援軍(jun)一(yi)部的計(ji)劃(hua)難以實現,且黃(huang)龍山區(qu)糧食匱(kui)乏,部隊不宜久(jiu)留,而(er)西(xi)府地(di)區(qu)(西(xi)安以西(xi)涇滑兩(liang)河之問)國(guo)民(min)黨(dang)(dang)軍(jun)兵力空虛等情況,遂(sui)改變作戰計(ji)劃(hua),決心以第3縱隊繼續(xu)圍困洛(luo)(luo)(luo)川,第1、第2、第4、第6縱隊向西(xi)府地(di)區(qu)挺進,調(diao)動(dong),分散敵(di)軍(jun),尋(xun)機殲其(qi)第5兵團一(yi)部,并相機奪取(qu)胡宗(zong)南(nan)(nan)集團的補(bu)給基地(di)寶雞。
4月15日(ri)(ri),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)分3路(lu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)進。17~25日(ri)(ri)攻(gong)(gong)克常寧(ning)、靈臺、風(feng)翔、郿縣(xian)(xian)(今(jin)眉縣(xian)(xian))等(deng)(deng)12座城鎮,逼近寶雞。此(ci)時,胡宗南(nan)令整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)17師、整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)90師第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)61旅(lv)(lv)分別(bie)放棄延安(an)、洛川(chuan),回防西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)安(an);調第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5兵(bing)團(tuan)會同(tong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)行轅副主任馬(ma)步芳部(bu)(bu)(bu)整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)82師,共(gong)Il個旅(lv)(lv)的兵(bing)力,自三原(yuan)、鎮原(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)分路(lu)馳(chi)援寶雞。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)3縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)21日(ri)(ri)收(shou)復延安(an),25日(ri)(ri)解(jie)放洛川(chuan),并(bing)追(zhui)(zhui)殲國民(min)(min)黨(dang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)一部(bu)(bu)(bu);第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)2縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)26日(ri)(ri)攻(gong)(gong)占寶雞,殲整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)76師師部(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)2個團(tuan)。23~27日(ri)(ri),整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)82師4個步騎團(tuan)在飛機(ji)配合下,突(tu)破西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)教(jiao)圍(wei)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)拖住(zhu)并(bing)殲滅(mie)該敵,令教(jiao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)旅(lv)(lv)固守(shou),6日(ri)(ri)以第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)4縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)及(ji)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)新編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)4旅(lv)(lv)從(cong)敵軍(jun)(jun)(jun)側后(hou)(hou)發(fa)起(qi)攻(gong)(gong)擊,因協同(tong)不(bu)(bu)好,僅(jin)殲其2000余(yu)人(ren),接應(ying)教(jiao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)旅(lv)(lv)突(tu)出了(le)重圍(wei)。7日(ri)(ri),胡宗南(nan)、馬(ma)步芳兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)南(nan)追(zhui)(zhui)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)堵(du),企(qi)圖圍(wei)殲西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)(yu)屯(tun)子(zi)鎮、西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)峰鎮、涇(jing)川(chuan)之間(jian)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)經激(ji)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),殲其3000余(yu)人(ren)后(hou)(hou),從(cong)荔鎮附近向東(dong)轉移(yi)。8~兒日(ri)(ri),叉分別(bie)在蕭金鎮以東(dong)三不(bu)(bu)同(tong)、寧(ning)縣(xian)(xian)以東(dong)良(liang)平(ping)鎮、枸(gou)邑(yi)(今(jin)旬(xun)邑(yi))縣(xian)(xian)城以北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)職田(tian)鎮等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)沖(chong)破國民(min)(min)黨(dang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)的合圍(wei),于(yu)(yu)12日(ri)(ri)擺(bai)脫(tuo)追(zhui)(zhui)堵(du),轉至(zhi)解(jie)放區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)馬(ma)欄、轉角等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)。此(ci)役,西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)共(gong)殲滅(mie)國民(min)(min)黨(dang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)2.1萬(wan)余(yu)人(ren),鞏固和擴(kuo)大了(le)黃龍解(jie)放區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)旅(lv)(lv)在長武、亭口的陣地(di)(di)(di),抵達(da)崔木鎮;第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)5兵(bing)團(tuan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)突(tu)破第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)4縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)在杏(xing)林、扶風(feng)一帶的陣地(di)(di)(di),抵達(da)風(feng)翔附近。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)擺(bai)脫(tuo)被(bei)夾擊的不(bu)(bu)利態勢,于(yu)(yu)28日(ri)(ri)撤(che)出寶雞,向隴東(dong)轉移(yi)。5月3日(ri)(ri)晚(wan),從(cong)平(ping)涼、涇(jing)川(chuan)間(jian)花鎖鎮、王村通過西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(安(an))蘭(州)公路(lu)及(ji)涇(jing)河繼續北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)。整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)36、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)65師尾追(zhui)(zhui)其后(hou)(hou)。5日(ri)(ri),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)先頭(tou)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)教(jiao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)旅(lv)(lv)在鎮原(yuan)東(dong)南(nan)屯(tun)子(zi)鎮被(bei)整(zheng)編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)82師3個步騎團(tuan)包(bao)圍(wei)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)拖住(zhu)并(bing)殲滅(mie)該敵,令教(jiao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)旅(lv)(lv)固守(shou),6日(ri)(ri)以第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)1、第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)4縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)及(ji)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)6縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)(dui)新編(bian)(bian)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)4旅(lv)(lv)從(cong)敵軍(jun)(jun)(jun)側后(hou)(hou)發(fa)起(qi)攻(gong)(gong)擊,因協同(tong)不(bu)(bu)好,僅(jin)殲其2000余(yu)人(ren),接應(ying)教(jiao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)旅(lv)(lv)突(tu)出了(le)重圍(wei)。7日(ri)(ri),胡宗南(nan)、馬(ma)步芳兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)南(nan)追(zhui)(zhui)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)堵(du),企(qi)圖圍(wei)殲西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)(yu)屯(tun)子(zi)鎮、西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)峰鎮、涇(jing)川(chuan)之間(jian)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)野(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)經激(ji)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),殲其3000余(yu)人(ren)后(hou)(hou),從(cong)荔鎮附近向東(dong)轉移(yi)。8~11日(ri)(ri),叉分別(bie)在蕭金鎮以東(dong)三不(bu)(bu)同(tong)、寧(ning)縣(xian)(xian)以東(dong)良(liang)平(ping)鎮、枸(gou)邑(yi)(今(jin)旬(xun)邑(yi))縣(xian)(xian)城以北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)職田(tian)鎮等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)沖(chong)破國民(min)(min)黨(dang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)的合圍(wei),于(yu)(yu)12日(ri)(ri)擺(bai)脫(tuo)追(zhui)(zhui)堵(du),轉至(zhi)解(jie)放區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)馬(ma)欄、轉角等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)。
此役,西北野戰軍共殲滅國民(min)黨軍2.1萬余人,鞏固和擴大了黃龍解(jie)放區。