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簡介

宋元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)通(tong)寶是(shi)宋代的(de)(de)第一種鑄(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，鑄(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)宋太(tai)祖建隆元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)960年(nian)(nian)(nian)，錢(qian)(qian)(qian)式沿襲“周元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)通(tong)寶”成(cheng)規，為小平(ping)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。錢(qian)(qian)(qian)文對讀(du)，是(shi)國號加寶文的(de)(de)國號錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。后宋太(tai)祖傳位(wei)于(yu)弟宋太(tai)宗趙(zhao)光義(yi)即位(wei)，于(yu)太(tai)平(ping)興國年(nian)(nian)(nian)間（976年(nian)(nian)(nian)—983年(nian)(nian)(nian)）年(nian)(nian)(nian)鑄(zhu)(zhu)“太(tai)平(ping)通(tong)寶”錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，錢(qian)(qian)(qian)式同“宋元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)通(tong)寶”。

當時四川及福建(jian)出鐵錢。福建(jian)所出鐵錢，背(bei)郭清(qing)晰，鑄工頗精，大受歡迎，于(yu)是又推(tui)出一(yi)種(zhong)直徑4.2厘(li)米(mi)的當十(shi)大錢，書(shu)法(fa)鑄工均不錯，背(bei)穿(chuan)上有(you)一(yi)個圓點(dian)，可能是一(yi)種(zhong)紀念錢，現(xian)存(cun)世(shi)不多(duo)。這兩種(zhong)“太平通寶”都為五代風格，而(er)鑄工精整，深厚淳樸可比開元錢。

宋元(yuan)通(tong)寶為宋開(kai)國(guo)錢(qian)(qian)。錢(qian)(qian)文仿(fang)八分書，形制仿(fang)唐(tang)開(kai)元(yuan)。有(you)銅、鐵兩種，鐵錢(qian)(qian)十(shi)當銅錢(qian)(qian)一(yi)。宋元(yuan)通(tong)寶版(ban)別較(jiao)(jiao)多，除(chu)背(bei)有(you)星、直、日、月、上(shang)菱紋外，常見的(de)主要(yao)有(you)：大字(zi)、長通(tong)、狹(xia)通(tong)、小字(zi)闊緣等(deng)。較(jiao)(jiao)為少見的(de)有(you)：大字(zi)右(you)挑(tiao)元(yuan)、接(jie)郭、開(kai)元(yuan)版(ban)低頭通(tong)、鐵母狹(xia)宋、闊宋昂寶、折二樣(yang)等(deng)。

外型

外(wai)圓內(nei)方(fang)，錢(qian)文仿(fang)八分書，形(xing)制仿(fang)唐(tang)開(kai)元。有(you)銅、鐵(tie)兩種，背有(you)星、月紋等，鐵(tie)錢(qian)十當銅錢(qian)一(yi)。

源流

原意

錢(qian)(qian)本農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)器(qi)，其狀類鏟，用以(yi)(yi)(yi)劃地除草者(zhe)(zhe)。生民之(zhi)(zhi)初，人各自(zi)給自(zi)足，無所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)交(jiao)易(yi)，更(geng)無所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)過籌，偶(ou)有所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)需，即以(yi)(yi)(yi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)器(qi)為交(jiao)易(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)媒。是(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)器(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)，即當時(shi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)用之(zhi)(zhi)過籌，亦即今日之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)謂(wei)(wei)(wei)幣也。以(yi)(yi)(yi)后，因(yin)交(jiao)易(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)增(zeng)繁(fan)，漸致農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)不足以(yi)(yi)(yi)應用，遂象其形(xing)(xing)而制物(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)代之(zhi)(zhi)。其形(xing)(xing)狀及(ji)用途(tu)均與農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)等，故(gu)仍名之(zhi)(zhi)曰錢(qian)(qian)，此通籌之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)名錢(qian)(qian)者(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)此。

記載

至(zhi)其(qi)肇始(shi)之(zhi)年代(dai)，現(xian)已無(wu)法確考(kao)。但據(ju)(ju)(ju)《管子(zi)》載，稱錢(qian)之(zhi)興(xing)蓋(gai)自(zi)燧(sui)人氏(shi)以輕重為天(tian)下利(li)，至(zhi)黃(huang)帝(di)時(shi)，其(qi)法寢備(bei)，則(ze)《紀原》謂始(shi)于帝(di)堯(yao)遭大水(shui)而始(shi)鑄錢(qian)者非(fei)，此說似屬近理。蓋(gai)雖非(fei)始(shi)自(zi)燧(sui)人氏(shi)，其(qi)相去亦不遠也。據(ju)(ju)(ju)后世多數考(kao)古(gu)家(jia)之(zhi)考(kao)證，在出土之(zhi)古(gu)錢(qian)中，有一(yi)種(zhong)鏟幣(bi)與(yu)黃(huang)帝(di)后任何(he)時(shi)期之(zhi)錢(qian)幣(bi)不同(tong)，糟朽已達極點，握手即(ji)行粉(fen)碎，其(qi)花(hua)紋字(zi)體與(yu)五帝(di)三代(dai)之(zhi)器無(wu)一(yi)相同(tong)，是或即(ji)燧(sui)人氏(shi)最初所鑄之(zhi)錢(qian)歟?至(zhi)伏羲(xi)氏(shi)乃鑄棘(ji)幣(bi)，據(ju)(ju)(ju)史載，伏羲(xi)氏(shi)聚天(tian)下之(zhi)銅以鑄幣(bi)，今日所見(jian)古(gu)錢(qian)，凡文字(zi)與(yu)骨甲(jia)刻字(zi)相同(tong)者，皆系此時(shi)所鑄之(zhi)物也。

此后，錢之為(wei)用深人(ren)民間，各代帝王無不以(yi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢為(wei)要政。神農時(shi)(shi)，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢尤多(duo)，惟式(shi)樣仍系(xi)鐘形，文字(zi)仍用刀(dao)刻(ke)，與(yu)伏羲(xi)氏(shi)所制者殆無少異(yi)(yi)。至黃(huang)(huang)帝時(shi)(shi)，對于鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)尤為(wei)努力，據史載，黃(huang)(huang)帝以(yi)柏高為(wei)壙師，煉銅鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。又載，黃(huang)(huang)帝開首山之礦以(yi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。故三代以(yi)前，以(yi)黃(huang)(huang)帝鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之時(shi)(shi)間為(wei)最久，而所鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)亦(yi)獨多(duo)也。按黃(huang)(huang)帝所鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之幣(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)，多(duo)數仍為(wei)鏟式(shi)，但(dan)間有刀(dao)形者，字(zi)體則多(duo)為(wei)刀(dao)刻(ke)，間有漆書者。堯舜雖亦(yi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)幣(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)，但(dan)均(jun)系(xi)拯救饑溺，偶爾舉(ju)行，式(shi)樣文字(zi)與(yu)前相(xiang)同(tong)，并無變異(yi)(yi)。

至(zhi)夏時(shi)(shi)，所(suo)鑄(zhu)雖亦(yi)為(wei)鏟(chan)形，但全為(wei)漆書，并無刀(dao)刻(ke)字體(ti)者(zhe)。總(zong)之(zhi)，自有幣(bi)之(zhi)始(shi)，以(yi)迄夏初所(suo)通用之(zhi)幣(bi)，完(wan)全均為(wei)鏟(chan)形。伏羲(xi)氏(shi)之(zhi)棘幣(bi)，絕非(fei)伏羲(xi)氏(shi)時(shi)(shi)所(suo)通行(xing)之(zhi)幣(bi)。其他葛天氏(shi)之(zhi)圓形幣(bi)，既系圓孔，亦(yi)定非(fei)通行(xing)之(zhi)幣(bi)。至(zhi)黃帝時(shi)(shi)之(zhi)金刀(dao)幣(bi)，亦(yi)非(fei)通行(xing)之(zhi)幣(bi)，是可知(zhi)在三代(dai)以(yi)前，各代(dai)之(zhi)幣(bi)雖大小文字問有不同(tong)，其為(wei)鏟(chan)形則一也(ye)。

至商之(zhi)時(shi)(shi)，除仍鑄幣外，又兼鑄方(fang)孔圓周(zhou)之(zhi)幣，蓋取天圓地方(fang)之(zhi)義也(ye)(ye)。而(er)《古泉匯》竟謂方(fang)孔之(zhi)幣始于伏羲，實杜(du)論(lun)也(ye)(ye)。因方(fang)孔之(zhi)幣其(qi)文字均(jun)為篆(zhuan)體(ti)，伏羲氏時(shi)(shi)何當有篆(zhuan)字也(ye)(ye)，此說(shuo)不攻自(zi)破。及周(zhou)，一(yi)切法(fa)商，但所(suo)鑄者，圓幣多(duo)而(er)鏟幣少也(ye)(ye)'其(qi)字體(ti)則大(da)小篆(zhuan)兼有，與夏略同(tong)。至景王時(shi)(shi)，更鑄大(da)錢，文曰“寶(bao)貨(huo)”。又鑄刀錢，亦曰寶(bao)貨(huo)，每刀之(zhi)頭有環一(yi)，故幣制有稱環法(fa)者，蓋即本(ben)此也(ye)(ye)。

統一

秦(qin)始皇并滅(mie)六(liu)國，統一天(tian)下，毀(hui)滅(mie)先(xian)王，推翻前制，以便于萬世自為，因收(shou)得民(min)間之銅器而改鑄(zhu)(zhu)重(zhong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，雖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)質如周(zhou)，而文(wen)則曰(yue)“半兩(liang)(liang)”，不(bu)曰(yue)“寶貨(huo)”矣。及(ji)(ji)漢，以秦(qin)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)太重(zhong)，不(bu)便于用，遂(sui)改鑄(zhu)(zhu)榆莢錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，以錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)之輕有似(si)榆莢，隨風(feng)吹動，并非形似(si)榆莢也。雖文(wen)仍曰(yue)“半兩(liang)(liang)”，而實較(jiao)秦(qin)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)為輕。及(ji)(ji)呂后為政，鑄(zhu)(zhu)八銖(zhu)之錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。孝(xiao)文(wen)帝時莢錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)益(yi)輕，乃改鑄(zhu)(zhu)四銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，其文(wen)仍曰(yue)“半兩(liang)(liang)”，令民(min)自由鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)。故吳(wu)王劉(liu)濞以即山鑄(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，富埒天(tian)子(zi)，鄧通以蜀之銅山鑄(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)財過王者。然錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)文(wen)為“半兩(liang)(liang)”而無(wu)輪(lun)廓，故吳(wu)鄧之錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)布滿天(tian)下。且(qie)縣官(guan)可以鑄(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，民(min)亦間盜鑄(zhu)(zhu)，于是錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)益(yi)輕薄。乃令縣官(guan)銷(xiao)半兩(liang)(liang)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，更鑄(zhu)(zhu)三(san)銖(zhu)，文(wen)如其重(zhong)。以三(san)銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)輕，易奸詐，乃更鑄(zhu)(zhu)五銖(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，周(zhou)郭其下，令不(bu)可摩取镕(rong)焉。

鑄造

民(min)多奸鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，錢(qian)(qian)益多益輕，京(jing)師(shi)鑄(zhu)鐘官(guan)赤側，一當五賦，俗所(suo)謂紫紺錢(qian)(qian)。悉禁郡國勿鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，專令上林(lin)三(san)官(guan)鑄(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)，而令天(tian)(tian)下非三(san)官(guan)錢(qian)(qian)不得行(xing)使。諸郡國所(suo)鑄(zhu)之(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)皆(jie)(jie)廢銷(xiao)之(zhi)，輸其銅入三(san)官(guan)。孝元帝(di)奉(feng)承大業(ye)，溫(wen)恭少(shao)(shao)欲，都(dou)內錢(qian)(qian)四十萬萬，水衡(heng)(heng)錢(qian)(qian)二十五萬萬，少(shao)(shao)府錢(qian)(qian)十八萬萬，都(dou)內、水衡(heng)(heng)、少(shao)(shao)府即三(san)官(guan)錢(qian)(qian)，皆(jie)(jie)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)私藏也(ye)。

孝(xiao)武帝更(geng)鑄行(xing)三(san)分錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。王莽(mang)居攝，變漢制，更(geng)鑄大錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，徑(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸二(er)分，重十(shi)(shi)二(er)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“大錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)五(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)(shi)”。又(you)造契(qi)刀(dao)(dao)、錯刀(dao)(dao)，其(qi)環如大錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，身形如刀(dao)(dao)，長二(er)寸，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“契(qi)刀(dao)(dao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)百(bai)”，錯刀(dao)(dao)以黃(huang)金錯，其(qi)文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“一(yi)(yi)(yi)刀(dao)(dao)值五(wu)(wu)(wu)千”，與五(wu)(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)凡(fan)四(si)品并行(xing)于世(shi)。莽(mang)纂(zuan)位(wei)，忌(ji)惡劉氏(shi)，以錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)文(wen)(wen)有金刀(dao)(dao)，故乃罷錯刀(dao)(dao)、契(qi)刀(dao)(dao)及五(wu)(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，而更(geng)作金錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、龜貝、錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)布(bu)(bu)之品，名曰(yue)“寶貨”。小(xiao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)徑(jing)六(liu)(liu)分，重一(yi)(yi)(yi)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“小(xiao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)值一(yi)(yi)(yi)”；次徑(jing)七(qi)分，重三(san)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)：“么(me)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)”；又(you)次徑(jing)八分，重五(wu)(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“幼錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)二(er)十(shi)(shi)”；又(you)次徑(jing)九(jiu)分，重七(qi)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“中(zhong)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)三(san)十(shi)(shi)”；又(you)次徑(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸，重九(jiu)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“壯錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)四(si)十(shi)(shi)”；及十(shi)(shi)二(er)銖(zhu)(zhu)之大錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。是為錢(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)貨六(liu)(liu)品，其(qi)值各如其(qi)文(wen)(wen)。又(you)鑄大布(bu)(bu)、次布(bu)(bu)、弟(di)布(bu)(bu)、壯布(bu)(bu)、中(zhong)布(bu)(bu)、差布(bu)(bu)、厚(hou)布(bu)(bu)、幼布(bu)(bu)、么(me)布(bu)(bu)、小(xiao)布(bu)(bu)。小(xiao)布(bu)(bu)長一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸五(wu)(wu)(wu)分，重十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)銖(zhu)(zhu)，文(wen)(wen)曰(yue)“小(xiao)布(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)”。

自小(xiao)布以(yi)上，各(ge)相長一(yi)分(fen)(fen)，相重(zhong)一(yi)銖，文(wen)(wen)名為其(qi)布名，值各(ge)加一(yi)百。上至大(da)布，長二寸(cun)四(si)分(fen)(fen)，重(zhong)一(yi)兩，而(er)(er)值千錢(qian)(qian)(qian)矣。是為布十品，皆(jie)為銅鑄，遂廢漢(han)(han)之(zhi)五(wu)銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。東漢(han)(han)馬援為虎賁中郎將，親對光武申(shen)述(shu)，求復五(wu)銖，乃(nai)從(cong)之(zhi)，遂鑄五(wu)銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。后漢(han)(han)公孫(sun)(sun)述(shu)廢銅，置鐵官(guan)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。及董卓(zhuo)為逆(ni)，壞五(wu)銖錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，更鑄小(xiao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，而(er)(er)無輪(lun)郭。悉取(qu)洛陽(yang)、西安之(zhi)銅人，鐘虛銅馬之(zhi)屬充(chong)鑄焉。孫(sun)(sun)權嘉(jia)平五(wu)年，鑄大(da)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，一(yi)當(dang)五(wu)百。赤烏元(yuan)年'又(you)鑄當(dang)千錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。晉元(yuan)帝過江(jiang)，用(yong)孫(sun)(sun)氏舊錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，輕重(zhong)雜行(xing)，大(da)者(zhe)謂(wei)之(zhi)比(bi)輪(lun)，中者(zhe)謂(wei)之(zhi)四(si)文(wen)(wen)。吳興沈充(chong)又(you)鑄小(xiao)錢(qian)(qian)(qian)，謂(wei)之(zhi)沈郎錢(qian)(qian)(qian)。

宋代

至六朝，宋元(yuan)祖(zu)即位，鑄(zhu)二銖錢(qian)(qian)，形式轉細。官錢(qian)(qian)每出，民(min)(min)間即模效(xiao)私(si)鑄(zhu)，而大(da)小厚薄皆不(bu)及(ji)。太宗明帝景和元(yuan)年(nian)春，鑄(zhu)二銖錢(qian)(qian)。民(min)(min)益私(si)鑄(zhu)之，由是千(qian)錢(qian)(qian)長不(bu)盈(ying)三(san)寸，謂之鵝眼錢(qian)(qian)。劣于(yu)此者謂之綖環(huan)(huan)，貫之以(yi)縷，入水不(bu)沉(chen)，隨(sui)手破(po)碎，市(shi)井不(bu)欲流行，數十萬錢(qian)(qian)不(bu)盈(ying)一掬。十一月乃(nai)罷(ba)二銖錢(qian)(qian)，禁鵝眼、綖環(huan)(huan)等錢(qian)(qian)，余皆用之。

梁敬帝(di)太(tai)平二年四(si)月(yue)，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)四(si)柱錢，一(yi)準二十(shi)(shi)，后又改曰“柱錢一(yi)準十(shi)(shi)”。南史曹武在雍(yong)州致見錢七千萬，皆為厚輪大(da)廓。魏所用之錢，民(min)多(duo)私鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，日(ri)就(jiu)薄小，乃至風飄水浮。楊(yang)侃鎮雍(yong)州，聽(ting)民(min)與(yu)(yu)官(guan)共鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五銖錢，復上書申請之。孝莊帝(di)從之。乃鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五銖錢，并古(gu)錢，不限大(da)小，悉聽(ting)行之。雞眼(yan)、環依律而禁，并以京都銅像毀(hui)以鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢，世(shi)號曰“河(he)陽錢”。周武帝(di)更(geng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)錢，文曰“布泉”，以一(yi)當(dang)五，與(yu)(yu)五銖錢并行。更(geng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五行大(da)布錢，以一(yi)當(dang)十(shi)(shi)，與(yu)(yu)布泉錢并行。至宣武帝(di)大(da)象元年十(shi)(shi)一(yi)月(yue)，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)永通萬國錢，以一(yi)當(dang)十(shi)(shi)，與(yu)(yu)五行大(da)布錢并行。

發展

隋(sui)時(shi)(shi)，巨奸大猾遂多私(si)鑄錢(qian)，益薄(bo)惡(e)。初每千猶(you)重二斤，后漸輕(qing)至一(yi)(yi)斤，或剪(jian)鐵繅裁皮糊(hu)紙以為錢(qian)，相雜用之。唐(tang)時(shi)(shi)之江(jiang)淮錢(qian)尤濫惡(e)，有官爐、偏爐、積(ji)錢(qian)、時(shi)(shi)錢(qian)數(shu)色(se)。高祖武德初鑄開通(tong)(tong)錢(qian)，仰篆(zhuan)隸八分體，十(shi)文重一(yi)(yi)兩(liang)，為開通(tong)(tong)元(yuan)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。第五(wu)琦請鑄乾元(yuan)重寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)錢(qian)，以一(yi)(yi)代十(shi)。既當國，又(you)鑄重規錢(qian)五(wu)十(shi)。及史思明僭(jian)號(hao)，鑄順(shun)天(tian)得一(yi)(yi)錢(qian)。宋太宗改(gai)(gai)元(yuan)為太平興國，更(geng)鑄太平通(tong)(tong)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。淳化(hua)(hua)后改(gai)(gai)鑄，又(you)親書(shu)淳化(hua)(hua)元(yuan)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)，作真行(xing)草(cao)三體。后改(gai)(gai)元(yuan)更(geng)鑄，皆曰元(yuan)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。復而冠(guan)以年號(hao)，至是改(gai)(gai)元(yuan)，則曰宋通(tong)(tong)元(yuan)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。

太宗(zong)皇(huang)帝大(da)觀元(yuan)年，首鑄御書(shu)當十(shi)錢(qian)(qian)，以(yi)京畿(ji)瀘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)復鑄烏(wu)背瀘銅錢(qian)(qian)，詔(zhao)以(yi)剪銅式(shi)，頒(ban)行諸(zhu)州。前世鑄錢(qian)(qian)未有草書(shu)者(zhe)，始(shi)以(yi)宸翰為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，既成(cheng)，以(yi)賜近(jin)臣(chen)。蜀人更私為(wei)鐵(tie)錢(qian)(qian)，仁(ren)宗(zong)特命(ming)以(yi)皇(huang)宋(song)通寶為(wei)文。慶(qing)歷以(yi)后，冠以(yi)年號，如(ru)舊神(shen)宗(zong)熙寧六年十(shi)月行折二錢(qian)(qian)。高宗(zong)更毀民(min)私鑄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)毛錢(qian)(qian)。南宋(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)季，中國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北部為(wei)遼金所(suo)(suo)占據(ju)者(zhe)多年，因之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遼金之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)流人中國者(zhe)甚(shen)多，且鑄造(zao)均極精良如(ru)遼太祖(zu)耶律(lv)阿保機所(suo)(suo)鑄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夭顯錢(qian)(qian)、天贊錢(qian)(qian)，形式(shi)文字均極精妙，金海陵(ling)王所(suo)(suo)鑄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正隆錢(qian)(qian)、世宗(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)定錢(qian)(qian)，亦(yi)均佳(jia)美(mei)。《金史(shi)》謂其中有銀，或(huo)不(bu)虛(xu)也。元(yuan)朝入主中國，改鑄大(da)錢(qian)(qian)，以(yi)前各代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)錢(qian)(qian)體式(shi)均小．不(bu)受(shou)人民(min)歡迎，遂漸(jian)淘汰。惟至元(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末，國用不(bu)給，創行權(quan)(quan)鈔，即于(yu)銅錢(qian)(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)右(you)，書(shu)明權(quan)(quan)鈔二字，其左方書(shu)明幾兩幾分字樣，即此一枚銅錢(qian)(qian)，權(quan)(quan)作(zuo)銀若干，亦(yi)即當十(shi)當百(bai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同意也。