硯(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)中國傳統的(de)文(wen)(wen)書工具和(he)(he)雕刻(ke)工藝(yi)相結合(he)的(de)特有(you)(you)的(de)藝(yi)術(shu)品(pin)，她(ta)體現(xian)了中國數千年(nian)歷史的(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)，對(dui)傳播(bo)民族文(wen)(wen)化(hua)藝(yi)術(shu)起著重要的(de)作用。自南(nan)唐(tang)始(shi)即(ji)把她(ta)和(he)(he)筆、墨、紙合(he)稱為(wei)“文(wen)(wen)房四(si)寶(bao)”。山東(dong)是(shi)古齊魯之(zhi)邦，文(wen)(wen)化(hua)源遠流長。境內所(suo)產(chan)硯(yan)(yan)(yan)石(shi)，品(pin)類繁多(duo)；琢硯(yan)(yan)(yan)工藝(yi)，代有(you)(you)發展，素(su)有(you)(you)“齊筆魯硯(yan)(yan)(yan)”之(zhi)美譽。魯硯(yan)(yan)(yan)，是(shi)山東(dong)各地所(suo)產(chan)硯(yan)(yan)(yan)種的(de)總(zong)稱，有(you)(you)十多(duo)種，并久(jiu)負盛名。像紅絲(si)石(shi)、淄石(shi)、徐公石(shi)、田橫石(shi)、尼(ni)山石(shi)、金星石(shi)、浮來山石(shi)、龜石(shi)、燕子石(shi)等硯(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)早在唐(tang)宋(song)時期(qi)就被視為(wei)稀世珍(zhen)寶(bao)。西晉《博物志》有(you)(you)“天(tian)下名硯(yan)(yan)(yan)四(si)十有(you)(you)一(yi)，以青州紅絲(si)石(shi)為(wei)第(di)一(yi)”的(de)記載。
魯(lu)硯(yan)：泛指(zhi)山(shan)東境內所(suo)產的各種硯(yan)品，因山(shan)東古(gu)屬魯(lu)地故以山(shan)東省所(suo)產諸硯(yan)石(shi)制成的硯(yan)，通常簡(jian)稱(cheng)為“魯(lu)硯(yan)”。
明確提(ti)出“魯(lu)硯(yan)”一詞在七十(shi)年代末，之前只有單(dan)個硯(yan)品名稱以紅絲(si)石(shi)(shi)(shi)為代表(biao)如；臨(lin)(lin)朐青州紅絲(si)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、淄博淄石(shi)(shi)(shi)、曲阜尼山石(shi)(shi)(shi)、臨(lin)(lin)沂徐公石(shi)(shi)(shi)、莒(ju)縣浮萊石(shi)(shi)(shi)、田(tian)橫石(shi)(shi)(shi)、駝基石(shi)(shi)(shi)、金星石(shi)(shi)(shi)、溫石(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)計有十(shi)三個品種遍布(bu)山東境內臨(lin)(lin)朐等(deng)十(shi)余個縣市區。
在魯硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)傳承過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，藝(yi)(yi)人充分運用(yong)和發(fa)揮(hui)各種(zhong)硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)材的(de)色紋、形態等(deng)方面的(de)自然特點，因(yin)材施藝(yi)(yi)、寓粗(cu)巧于簡(jian)(jian)樸，逐漸形成了巧用(yong)天工、簡(jian)(jian)樸大方、文(wen)化底(di)蘊豐厚(hou)、藝(yi)(yi)術(shu)(shu)風(feng)格鮮明等(deng)特色，“出(chu)(chu)新意于法度之中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，寄妙理于豪放之外”，在硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)林中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不斷創(chuang)新的(de)輝煌。近年來(lai)，魯硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)涌現(xian)的(de)《聽(ting)(ting)竹硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)》、《黃(huang)河情硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)》、《甲骨硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)》、《相(xiang)思硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)》，鬼斧神工，技壓群(qun)芳，享(xiang)譽(yu)國(guo)(guo)內外硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)壇。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)《聽(ting)(ting)竹硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)》作(zuo)(zuo)為國(guo)(guo)禮贈送(song)來(lai)華訪問的(de)明仁天皇;《相(xiang)思硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)》等(deng)三(san)件(套(tao))硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)作(zuo)(zuo)被評為國(guo)(guo)家(jia)工藝(yi)(yi)美術(shu)(shu)珍(zhen)品;“唐(tang)詩(shi)三(san)百(bai)硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”開(kai)創(chuang)了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)大型(xing)系列硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)文(wen)化的(de)先河，讓(rang)人一(yi)飽硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)福。1978年魯硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)第(di)一(yi)次進京展出(chu)(chu)，當(dang)代(dai)學(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)趙樸初(chu)、畫(hua)家(jia)李苦禪、書法家(jia)馬千里等(deng)人紛(fen)紛(fen)題(ti)辭祝(zhu)賀。1979年在廣交(jiao)會和日本(ben)東京舉行的(de)魯硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)藝(yi)(yi)術(shu)(shu)展產(chan)生(sheng)轟動，并開(kai)始(shi)出(chu)(chu)口日本(ben)、東南亞等(deng)地，被越來(lai)越多(duo)的(de)國(guo)(guo)內外硯(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)文(wen)化愛好者(zhe)(zhe)珍(zhen)重和收(shou)藏(zang)。
西晉。張(zhang)華《博(bo)物志(zhi)》：“天(tian)下名硯(yan)(yan)四十有一(yi)，以青州紅絲石(shi)為(wei)第一(yi)。”唐代(dai)顏真卿、柳(liu)公權(quan)著(zhu)作均有記載。宋代(dai)唐彥(yan)猷《硯(yan)(yan)錄》、高似蓀《硯(yan)(yan)箋(jian)》、米芾《硯(yan)(yan)史》高南阜《硯(yan)(yan)史》.亦都有著(zhu)述.魯硯(yan)(yan)石(shi)質、色澤、紋彩、天(tian)然形狀(zhuang)等方面，各(ge)具特點。一(yi)九(jiu)七九(jiu)年石(shi)可先生寫了《魯硯(yan)(yan)》、《魯硯(yan)(yan)譜(pu)》
兩部專著。詳細記述和品(pin)評了山東各種硯品(pin)的(de)歷(li)史、產地(di)、硯材質地(di)，并(bing)明確提出了關于‘魯硯’充分發(fa)揮各種硯材色(se)、紋、形(xing)態(tai)等方面的(de)自然(ran)特(te)點，因材施藝(yi)，寓(yu)精巧(qiao)于簡(jian)樸之中，形(xing)成了樸實、大方、簡(jian)潔的(de)獨特(te)的(de)藝(yi)術風格和今后的(de)發(fa)展方向。
魯(lu)硯(yan)(yan)為山(shan)東(dong)境內所產(chan)硯(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)制(zhi)成(cheng)硯(yan)(yan)臺(tai)的通(tong)稱，唐、宋時期即(ji)享(xiang)盛(sheng)名。主要硯(yan)(yan)石(shi)(shi)的品(pin)類(lei)有；紅絲(si)石(shi)(shi)、紫金石(shi)(shi)、淄石(shi)(shi)、鼉磯(ji)石(shi)(shi)、徐(xu)公石(shi)(shi)、溫石(shi)(shi)、田橫石(shi)(shi)、尼山(shan)石(shi)(shi)、金星石(shi)(shi)、薛(xue)南石(shi)(shi)、浮來山(shan)石(shi)(shi)、龜石(shi)(shi)、燕子石(shi)(shi)等品(pin)種，用以上諸石(shi)(shi)制(zhi)成(cheng)的硯(yan)(yan)統稱為魯(lu)硯(yan)(yan)。另外(wai)柘溝澄(cheng)泥硯(yan)(yan)也應納入(ru)魯(lu)硯(yan)(yan)范圍。
精靈世界 
