SRM M1216是(shi)一枝由美國薩姆公司設計(ji)和生產的(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)斗霰彈(dan)(dan)槍(qiang),發射12號(hao)口徑霰彈(dan)(dan)。M1216霰彈(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)亮(liang)點是(shi)采用可拆(chai)卸的(de)(de)(de)旋轉彈(dan)(dan)筒供彈(dan)(dan),彈(dan)(dan)筒內部是(shi)4個獨立(li)的(de)(de)(de)管狀彈(dan)(dan)倉(cang)每個彈(dan)(dan)倉(cang)的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)彈(dan)(dan)量為4發,所以總容(rong)彈(dan)(dan)量高達16發,大(da)大(da)超越了(le)傳統的(de)(de)(de)唧筒式霰彈(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)。不(bu)僅如此該該霰彈(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)其他特(te)點亦(yi)值得(de)品鑒(jian)。
SRM M1216采用(yong)了(le)傳統型滾(gun)輪延(yan)(yan)遲(chi)反沖式(shi)操作原(yuan)理,與著名的(de)(de)HK G3系列自(zi)動(dong)步槍的(de)(de)結(jie)構相(xiang)(xiang)彷,這(zhe)對于霰彈槍而是相(xiang)(xiang)當不尋常的(de)(de)。它采用(yong)了(le)由兩(liang)個部分組成(cheng)并在它的(de)(de)槍機頭上兩(liang)個滾(gun)輪所組成(cheng)的(de)(de)槍機,用(yong)以進入槍管(guan)延(yan)(yan)伸(shen)部內的(de)(de)凹槽的(de)(de)延(yan)(yan)遲(chi)反沖作用(yong)系統。這(zhe)種設計主要優點是比氣動(dong)式(shi)槍機和后(hou)座作用(yong)的(de)(de)設計簡(jian)單可(ke)以有效承受(shou)12號口徑霰彈對槍機的(de)(de)后(hou)座力使(shi)用(yong)滾(gun)輪延(yan)(yan)遲(chi)反沖時槍管(guan)是固定的(de)(de),這(zhe)樣也使(shi)準確(que)度提高。
SRM M1216的鋼制機匣頂部(bu)(bu)帶有一(yi)段延伸至護木頂部(bu)(bu)的MIL-STD-1913戰術導軌。拉機柄、拋(pao)殼口(kou)可(ke)以左右更(geng)換使用者可(ke)根據(ju)自(zi)己習慣進行設置(zhi)。
SRM M1216的(de)膛(tang)室能夠(gou)兼(jian)容2/4 和3 英吋(cun)麥(mai)格農兩種(zhong)12號口徑霰彈。槍管前部(bu)設(she)(she)有旋轉(zhuan)彈筒固(gu)定架,該固(gu)定架上方設(she)(she)有一段(duan)MIL-STD-1913戰術(shu)導軌,該導軌長度足以安裝(zhuang)準星。
鋁合金制MIL-STD-1913戰術(shu)(shu)導(dao)軌(gui)護(hu)木(mu)使用螺釘固(gu)定在機匣上(shang)護(hu)木(mu)上(shang)方(與機匣頂部(bu)的(de)戰術(shu)(shu)導(dao)軌(gui)連成一體(ti))以及左(zuo)右兩側均設有戰術(shu)(shu)導(dao)軌(gui),由于(yu)護(hu)木(mu)下方為旋轉彈筒(tong),因而未設有戰術(shu)(shu)導(dao)軌(gui)。而在戰術(shu)(shu)導(dao)軌(gui)之(zhi)間設有一排(pai)散(san)熱孔(kong)以加快降(jiang)溫戰術(shu)(shu)導(dao)軌(gui)上(shang)可以安裝戰術(shu)(shu)燈、激光(guang)瞄準器等戰術(shu)(shu)配件。
SRM M1216的(de)最具(ju)特(te)色之處就是其(qi)(qi)可(ke)(ke)拆卸式(shi)(shi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)上總(zong)共具(ju)有4 個管(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)倉,每(mei)個管(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)倉內部可(ke)(ke)以裝填4 發2/4 和3 英(ying)吋麥格農兩種(zhong)12號口(kou)徑霰彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)安裝在槍管(guan)(guan)下(xia)方,旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)固定架前方設有彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)解脫(tuo)按(an)鈕需要取下(xia)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)用手(shou)指(zhi)按(an)壓(ya)解脫(tuo)按(an)鈕即可(ke)(ke)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)固定架后方左(zuo)(zuo)右兩側均(jun)設有彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)手(shou)柄,按(an)壓(ya)左(zuo)(zuo)側或右側的(de)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)手(shou)柄,可(ke)(ke)使旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)向左(zuo)(zuo)側或右側旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)90°,當其(qi)(qi)中一個管(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)倉對(dui)正膛室(shi)的(de)時(shi)候,即可(ke)(ke)實現供(gong)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。
槍(qiang)托組件當中包括槍(qiang)托本體、手(shou)(shou)(shou)槍(qiang)握(wo)(wo)把及扳機護圈。槍(qiang)托內部裝有(you)(you)復進簧和復進簧導桿。手(shou)(shou)(shou)槍(qiang)握(wo)(wo)把前方設有(you)(you)手(shou)(shou)(shou)指凹槽以便(bian)(bian)(bian)握(wo)(wo)持(chi),射(she)擊時(shi)也比(bi)較穩定和準確。扳機護圈上設有(you)(you)手(shou)(shou)(shou)動保(bao)(bao)險,保(bao)(bao)險柄指向白色(se)的(de)“S”標記為(wei)保(bao)(bao)險狀態(tai)保(bao)(bao)險柄指向紅色(se)的(de)“F”標記為(wei)則(ze)解(jie)除保(bao)(bao)險狀態(tai),此時(shi)可以進行(xing)射(she)擊。手(shou)(shou)(shou)動保(bao)(bao)險上方為(wei)空槍(qiang)掛(gua)(gua)機解(jie)脫桿。當對應的(de)一(yi)個管式(shi)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倉內部的(de)霰彈(dan)(dan)(dan)射(she)盡以后(hou),槍(qiang)機便(bian)(bian)(bian)呈空槍(qiang)掛(gua)(gua)機狀態(tai),按壓旋轉(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)固定架后(hou)方左(zuo)右兩側(ce)的(de)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)旋轉(zhuan)手(shou)(shou)(shou)柄使(shi)旋轉(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)內的(de)另(ling)一(yi)個管式(shi)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倉對正(zheng)膛室,空槍(qiang)掛(gua)(gua)機會自(zi)動解(jie)脫;若(ruo)一(yi)個旋轉(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)的(de)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)藥全部射(she)盡,則(ze)槍(qiang)機一(yi)直呈空槍(qiang)掛(gua)(gua)機狀態(tai)直到(dao)重新換上裝有(you)(you)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)藥的(de)旋轉(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong),并且按壓空槍(qiang)掛(gua)(gua)機解(jie)脫桿,便(bian)(bian)(bian)可繼續使(shi)用這槍(qiang)進行(xing)射(she)擊。
滾輪延遲反沖式
SRM M1216的機(ji)匣尾部(bu)(bu)裝(zhuang)有一個(ge)固(gu)定銷,用工(gong)具把(ba)固(gu)定銷取下即可卸下機(ji)匣。從(cong)機(ji)匣內(nei)部(bu)(bu)取出(chu)槍(qiang)機(ji)組件,從(cong)槍(qiang)托(tuo)里取出(chu)復進(jin)簧(huang)和(he)復進(jin)簧(huang)導桿,進(jin)行清(qing)潔保養,方便不完(wan)全(quan)分(fen)解(jie)和(he)維護(hu)。重組時則按相反(fan)步(bu)驟(zou)進(jin)行。
薩姆公司隨M1216推出了兩款短(duan)槍(qiang)管(guan)(guan)M1216型(xing)(xing)號,并分別命名為M1212和M1208。M1212是針對巡警市場的型(xing)(xing)號,使(shi)用(yong)330.2 毫(hao)米(mi)(13 英(ying)吋(cun))長度(du)的槍(qiang)管(guan)(guan),總長度(du)為698.5 毫(hao)米(mi)(27.5 英(ying)吋(cun));M1208是專門針對特種部隊和軍事承包商的型(xing)(xing)號,使(shi)用(yong)254 毫(hao)米(mi)(10 英(ying)吋(cun))長度(du)的槍(qiang)管(guan)(guan),總長度(du)為622.3 毫(hao)米(mi)(24.5 英(ying)吋(cun))。縮短(duan)全長有助(zhu)減輕其重量,同時(shi)提高了機動性(xing)。使(shi)用(yong)短(duan)槍(qiang)管(guan)(guan)的M1216衍生型(xing)(xing)是根據國家(jia)槍(qiang)械法案(英(ying)語:National Firearms Act,簡稱:NFA)所(suo)規管(guan)(guan)的第三(san)類槍(qiang)械。
機匣(xia)頂部(bu)的MIL-STD-1913戰術(shu)導軌上安裝的機械(xie)瞄(miao)準(zhun)具、光學(xue)瞄(miao)準(zhun)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、反射式瞄(miao)準(zhun)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、紅點鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、全息瞄(miao)準(zhun)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、夜視鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)或熱成像儀(yi)(可拆卸)
提把上的覘孔(kong)式(shi)照門及三角形(xing)柱(zhu)狀準星座(可調整前后(hou)及翻轉式(shi)折疊(die))
其他可用的(de)光(guang)學瞄準鏡
可拆卸(xie)的旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)是(shi)M1216最大的亮(liang)點(dian),這個(ge)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)共有四個(ge)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倉,每個(ge)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倉可放(fang)置4發(fa)70mm×12口徑或(huo)76mm×12口徑散彈(dan)(dan)(dan)。旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倉安裝在(zai)槍管下(xia)方,彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)固定架上設(she)有彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)解脫按(an)鈕,左(zuo)右均設(she)有彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)手柄(bing),按(an)壓左(zuo)側或(huo)右側的旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)手柄(bing)即可使彈(dan)(dan)(dan)筒(tong)向左(zuo)或(huo)向右旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)90度,當某一個(ge)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)倉對正(zheng)彈(dan)(dan)(dan)膛時(shi),即實現(xian)供彈(dan)(dan)(dan)。
名稱 M1216
槍重: 2.95kg
槍長(chang): 760MM
容彈量(liang): 16發
射速: 120/分
射程: 300米
名稱 M1212
槍重: 3.06kg
槍長: 700MM
容彈量: 12發
射速: 120/分(fen)
射程: 300米
名稱 M1208
槍(qiang)重: 2.64kg
槍長: 622mm
容彈量: 8發
射速: 120/分(fen)
射程(cheng):200米(mi) 200米(mi)
在(zai)霰(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)歷史中,唧筒(tong)式(shi)霰(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)是(shi)最早出現(xian)也是(shi)裝(zhuang)備量最廣泛的(de),當然,唧筒(tong)式(shi)霰(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)存(cun)在(zai)很(hen)多缺點(dian),例(li)如裝(zhuang)彈(dan)(dan)量小、槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)長(chang)過長(chang)。薩(sa)姆M12系(xi)列(lie)霰(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)是(shi)霰(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)歷史上的(de)一顆新(xin)星,它(ta)結構奇特,裝(zhuang)彈(dan)(dan)量大(da),全槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)緊湊,最短的(de)版本(ben)M1212僅為622MM長(chang),可以在(zai)汽車(che)內伸(shen)出射擊,在(zai)特種作戰(zhan)以及巷(xiang)戰(zhan)中也十分實用。且為半自(zi)動發射方式(shi),射速快、威(wei)力強(qiang)、可靠性好。它(ta)開(kai)創(chuang)了霰(xian)(xian)彈(dan)(dan)槍(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)新(xin)紀元,在(zai)軍隊,民用市場中將扮演越來越重要的(de)角色。