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基本介紹

在咸(xian)豐時期，曾對長春宮(gong)與啟祥宮(gong)進行修(xiu)改(gai)。

太極(ji)殿(dian)(dian)（啟(qi)祥(xiang)宮）原(yuan)為二進院(yuan)，改修長(chang)春宮時，將太極(ji)殿(dian)(dian)后殿(dian)(dian)辟為穿(chuan)堂殿(dian)(dian)，后檐接出(chu)抱廈，并與(yu)長(chang)春宮及其東西配殿(dian)(dian)以轉角(jiao)游廊(lang)相連，形成(cheng)回廊(lang)，東西耳房(fang)各開一(yi)間為通(tong)道，使太極(ji)殿(dian)(dian)與(yu)長(chang)春宮連接成(cheng)相互貫通(tong)的四進院(yuan)。

太極殿面闊5間(jian)，黃(huang)琉璃(li)瓦歇山頂，前(qian)后出廊。外檐繪蘇式彩畫，門窗(chuang)飾(shi)(shi)萬(wan)字錦(jin)(jin)底團(tuan)壽紋(wen)，步(bu)步(bu)錦(jin)(jin)支摘窗(chuang)。室內飾(shi)(shi)石膏堆塑五福捧壽紋(wen)天(tian)花，系清(qing)末民初時(shi)所改(gai)。明(ming)間(jian)與東西次間(jian)分別以花梨木透雕萬(wan)字錦(jin)(jin)地花卉欄桿罩與球紋(wen)錦(jin)(jin)地鳳(feng)鳥落(luo)地罩相隔(ge)，正中設地屏寶(bao)座。殿前(qian)有高(gao)大的祥鳳(feng)萬(wan)壽紋(wen)琉璃(li)屏門，與東西配(pei)殿組成一(yi)個(ge)寬(kuan)敞的庭院。

儲(chu)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)慈禧太后一(yi)(yi)生中最重要的宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)院，慈禧五十(shi)大(da)壽時將(jiang)儲(chu)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)與前(qian)面的翊(yi)(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)打(da)通，在拆除隔(ge)開(kai)兩(liang)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)墻以及(ji)儲(chu)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)門后，又于原地新建一(yi)(yi)座體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)(he)殿(dian)，作為翊(yi)(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)(he)儲(chu)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的連(lian)(lian)接之殿(dian)。儲(chu)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)(he)長春(chun)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的打(da)通又有(you)(you)(you)些許不同。長春(chun)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)和(he)(he)(he)啟祥宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之間完(wan)全打(da)通，兩(liang)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之間并未有(you)(you)(you)任何一(yi)(yi)堵宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)墻與之隔(ge)開(kai)，只(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)座體(ti)(ti)元殿(dian)作為前(qian)殿(dian)而已(yi)；儲(chu)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)(he)翊(yi)(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)雖然(ran)打(da)通，因(yin)而新建一(yi)(yi)座體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)(he)殿(dian)，但在體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)(he)殿(dian)兩(liang)側，仍(reng)各有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)道宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)墻，與左右兩(liang)側原本(ben)的宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)墻相連(lian)(lian)接，因(yin)此，只(zhi)(zhi)要將(jiang)體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)(he)殿(dian)穿堂的宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)門閉上，儲(chu)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)(he)翊(yi)(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)又可(ke)兩(liang)相成為各自獨(du)立(li)的宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)院。

景點景觀

西(xi)六宮是清代(dai)后宮妃嬪的(de)(de)(de)(de)住處，包括永壽宮、翊坤宮、儲(chu)秀宮、咸福(fu)宮、長(chang)春宮和啟祥宮（太極殿）。因(yin)整齊(qi)有(you)(you)致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)坐落于紫禁城(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)子午線(xian)西(xi)側，因(yin)而(er)被統一稱作西(xi)六宮，與之相對(dui)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)還有(you)(you)子午線(xian)東(dong)側的(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)六宮。而(er)東(dong)、西(xi)六宮（有(you)(you)時又被稱做東(dong)西(xi)十二(er)宮），又像(xiang)兩(liang)腋般夾挾著中央的(de)(de)(de)(de)后三宮，因(yin)而(er)與古代(dai)所謂(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)掖廷相對(dui)應。

永壽宮

永壽宮(gong)，內廷(ting)西(xi)六宮(gong)之一。建(jian)于明永樂(le)十八年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1420年(nian)(nian)(nian)），初(chu)名(ming)長樂(le)宮(gong)。嘉靖十四年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1535年(nian)(nian)(nian)）改名(ming)毓德(de)宮(gong)，萬歷四十四年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1616年(nian)(nian)(nian)）又更名(ming)為永壽宮(gong)。清朝順治(zhi)十二年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1655年(nian)(nian)(nian)）、康熙(xi)三十六年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1697年(nian)(nian)(nian)）、光(guang)緒二十三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1897年(nian)(nian)(nian)）都曾重修或(huo)大修，但仍基本(ben)保持明初(chu)始建(jian)時的格局(ju)。

永(yong)壽宮(gong)(gong)(gong)為兩進(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)，前院(yuan)(yuan)正殿永(yong)壽宮(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)闊5間，黃琉璃瓦歇山(shan)頂(ding)。外檐裝修(xiu)，明間前后(hou)(hou)檐安雙交四椀菱花槅(ge)扇門，次間、梢間為檻(jian)墻，上安雙交四椀菱花槅(ge)扇窗。殿內高懸(xuan)乾隆(long)(long)御筆匾(bian)額“令德淑儀(yi)”，東壁(bi)懸(xuan)乾隆(long)(long)《圣制班(ban)姬辭輦(nian)贊》，西壁(bi)懸(xuan)《班(ban)姬辭輦(nian)圖(tu)》。乾隆(long)(long)六年（1741年），乾隆(long)(long)皇帝下令，內廷東西十一(yi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)的匾(bian)額“俱照永(yong)壽宮(gong)(gong)(gong)式樣制造”，自(zi)掛起之后(hou)(hou)，不許(xu)擅動(dong)或更換(huan)。

正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有東西配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)各(ge)(ge)3間(jian)。后(hou)院正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)5間(jian)，東西有耳房(fang)，殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前東西亦有配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)各(ge)(ge)3間(jian)。院落(luo)東南有井亭1座(zuo)。

永壽宮(gong)(gong)為明(ming)代(dai)妃(fei)嬪(pin)、清代(dai)后妃(fei)所居(ju)之處。明(ming)萬歷十八年(nian)（1590年(nian)），皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)曾(ceng)在此(ci)召見大學士申(shen)時行等(deng)人；崇禎(zhen)十一年(nian)（1638年(nian)），因國內災情異象(xiang)屢屢出現，皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)在此(ci)宮(gong)(gong)齋居(ju)。清代(dai)順治帝(di)恪妃(fei)，嘉慶帝(di)如妃(fei)曾(ceng)在此(ci)居(ju)住。雍正十三年(nian)（1735年(nian)），雍正皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)崩(beng)，孝圣憲皇(huang)(huang)太后居(ju)永壽宮(gong)(gong)，乾隆皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)居(ju)乾清宮(gong)(gong)南廊苫次(ci)，并詣永壽宮(gong)(gong)問安。

乾(qian)隆三十七年（1772年）和(he)(he)碩和(he)(he)恪公(gong)主下嫁、乾(qian)隆五十四年（1789年）固(gu)倫和(he)(he)孝公(gong)主下嫁和(he)(he)珅之(zhi)子，均(jun)設宴于(yu)永(yong)壽宮。道光(guang)(guang)中晚期，外侮內(nei)患(huan)日盛，而(er)朝(chao)廷(ting)內(nei)部一味諱(hui)飾，將各疆吏密奏匿(ni)于(yu)永(yong)壽宮。光(guang)(guang)緒以后，此宮前(qian)后殿均(jun)設為大(da)庫，收貯(zhu)御用物件。現辟(pi)為故宮博物院文(wen)物陳列室。

翊坤宮

翊(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)，內廷西(xi)六(liu)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)之一(yi)，明(ming)清時為妃(fei)嬪居所。建(jian)于(yu)明(ming)永樂十八年（1420年），始稱萬安(an)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)，嘉靖十四年（1535年）改為翊(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)。清代曾多次(ci)修繕，原為二進院，清晚期將翊(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)后殿(dian)改成穿堂殿(dian)曰體和殿(dian)，東西(xi)耳(er)房(fang)各(ge)改一(yi)間(jian)為通道，使翊(yi)坤(kun)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)與儲秀宮(gong)(gong)(gong)相(xiang)連，形成四進院的格局。

正(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)面闊5間(jian)(jian)，黃琉(liu)璃瓦歇(xie)山頂，前(qian)后出(chu)廊(lang)。檐下施斗拱，梁枋(fang)飾(shi)以蘇式彩畫。門(men)為萬(wan)字錦(jin)底、五(wu)蝠捧壽(shou)裙板隔(ge)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)門(men)，窗(chuang)為步步錦(jin)支摘(zhai)窗(chuang)，飾(shi)萬(wan)字團壽(shou)紋。明間(jian)(jian)正(zheng)(zheng)中(zhong)設(she)(she)地(di)(di)平寶座、屏(ping)風、香幾、宮扇(shan)(shan)(shan)，上懸(xuan)慈禧(xi)御筆“有容德大”匾。東(dong)(dong)(dong)側用花梨(li)木透(tou)雕(diao)喜鵲登梅落(luo)地(di)(di)罩，西側用花梨(li)木透(tou)雕(diao)藤蘿(luo)松纏枝落(luo)地(di)(di)罩，將(jiang)正(zheng)(zheng)間(jian)(jian)與東(dong)(dong)(dong)、西次(ci)間(jian)(jian)隔(ge)開(kai)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)西次(ci)間(jian)(jian)與梢間(jian)(jian)用隔(ge)扇(shan)(shan)(shan)相隔(ge)。殿(dian)(dian)前(qian)設(she)(she)“光明盛昌”屏(ping)門(men)，臺基下陳設(she)(she)銅(tong)鳳(feng)、銅(tong)鶴(he)、銅(tong)爐(lu)各一(yi)對。溥儀遜帝時曾在(zai)正(zheng)(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)前(qian)廊(lang)下安設(she)(she)秋千，現秋千已拆，秋千架尚在(zai)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)西有配(pei)殿(dian)(dian)曰延洪殿(dian)(dian)、元(yuan)和殿(dian)(dian)，均為3間(jian)(jian)黃琉(liu)璃瓦硬(ying)山頂建(jian)筑。

后殿(dian)體(ti)和殿(dian)，清(qing)晚期連通儲(chu)秀宮(gong)與(yu)翊坤宮(gong)時，將其改為穿堂殿(dian)。面闊5間，前(qian)后開門，后檐出廊，黃琉璃瓦(wa)硬山頂。亦有東(dong)西配殿(dian)，前(qian)東(dong)南有井亭1座。光(guang)緒十年慈禧五十壽辰時移居儲(chu)秀宮(gong)，曾在此接受朝賀(he)。光(guang)緒帝選妃也在此舉(ju)行。

現為宮(gong)廷生活原狀陳列。

儲秀宮

儲(chu)秀宮(gong)，內廷西六宮(gong)之一，明清(qing)(qing)時為(wei)(wei)妃(fei)嬪所(suo)居。始建(jian)于明永樂十(shi)八年(nian)（1420年(nian)），原名壽昌宮(gong)，嘉靖(jing)十(shi)四年(nian)（1535年(nian)）改(gai)曰儲(chu)秀宮(gong)。清(qing)(qing)代曾(ceng)多(duo)次修(xiu)(xiu)葺，光緒十(shi)年(nian)（1884年(nian)）為(wei)(wei)慶祝慈禧(xi)五十(shi)壽辰(chen)，耗費(fei)白銀63萬兩(liang)進行大規模整修(xiu)(xiu)，現存建(jian)筑為(wei)(wei)光緒十(shi)年(nian)重修(xiu)(xiu)后的(de)形制。

儲秀(xiu)宮原為(wei)二進(jin)院，清晚(wan)期(qi)拆除了儲秀(xiu)門(men)及圍墻，并將翊坤(kun)宮后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)改(gai)為(wei)穿堂殿(dian)(dian)(dian)，稱體和(he)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)，連通(tong)儲秀(xiu)宮與翊坤(kun)宮，形成(cheng)相(xiang)通(tong)的(de)(de)四進(jin)院落。儲秀(xiu)宮前(qian)廊(lang)與東西配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)廊(lang)及體和(he)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)后檐廊(lang)轉角相(xiang)連，構成(cheng)回(hui)廊(lang)。回(hui)廊(lang)墻壁上鑲貼的(de)(de)琉璃燒(shao)制的(de)(de)萬壽(shou)(shou)無(wu)疆賦是(shi)眾臣(chen)為(wei)祝(zhu)慈(ci)禧壽(shou)(shou)辰所(suo)撰。

儲(chu)秀宮為(wei)單檐歇山頂，面闊(kuo)5間(jian)，前出(chu)廊(lang)。檐下施斗栱，梁枋飾(shi)以(yi)淡(dan)雅的蘇式彩畫。門為(wei)楠(nan)木(mu)(mu)(mu)雕(diao)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)字(zi)(zi)錦(jin)底、五蝠捧壽(shou)(shou)、萬(wan)(wan)(wan)福萬(wan)(wan)(wan)壽(shou)(shou)裙板隔(ge)扇門；窗飾(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)字(zi)(zi)團壽(shou)(shou)紋(wen)(wen)步步錦(jin)支摘窗。內(nei)檐裝修精巧華麗。明間(jian)正中設地屏寶(bao)(bao)座，后置5扇紫檀嵌(qian)壽(shou)(shou)字(zi)(zi)鏡(jing)心屏風，上懸“大圓(yuan)寶(bao)(bao)鏡(jing)”匾。東(dong)(dong)側有花(hua)梨木(mu)(mu)(mu)雕(diao)竹紋(wen)(wen)裙板玻(bo)璃(li)隔(ge)扇，西(xi)側有花(hua)梨木(mu)(mu)(mu)雕(diao)玉蘭紋(wen)(wen)裙板玻(bo)璃(li)隔(ge)扇，分別(bie)將東(dong)(dong)西(xi)次(ci)間(jian)與明間(jian)隔(ge)開。東(dong)(dong)次(ci)、梢(shao)(shao)間(jian)以(yi)花(hua)梨木(mu)(mu)(mu)透雕(diao)纏枝葡萄(tao)紋(wen)(wen)落地罩相隔(ge)；西(xi)次(ci)、梢(shao)(shao)間(jian)以(yi)一道花(hua)梨木(mu)(mu)(mu)雕(diao)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)福萬(wan)(wan)(wan)壽(shou)(shou)紋(wen)(wen)為(wei)邊框(kuang)內(nei)鑲大玻(bo)璃(li)的隔(ge)扇相隔(ge)，內(nei)設避風隔(ge)，西(xi)梢(shao)(shao)間(jian)作為(wei)暖閣，是居住的寢(qin)室。

儲秀宮(gong)的(de)庭院寬(kuan)敞(chang)幽(you)靜，兩(liang)棵(ke)蒼勁(jing)的(de)古柏聳立其中，殿(dian)臺基(ji)下(xia)東(dong)西兩(liang)側安置一(yi)對(dui)戲珠(zhu)銅(tong)龍和一(yi)對(dui)銅(tong)梅花鹿，為(wei)光緒(xu)十(shi)年慈禧五十(shi)大(da)壽時所鑄。東(dong)西配殿(dian)為(wei)養和殿(dian)、綏福殿(dian)，均(jun)為(wei)面闊3間的(de)硬山頂建筑。

后殿為(wei)麗(li)景(jing)軒，面闊5間，單檐(yan)硬山(shan)頂，有東西(xi)配殿曰鳳光(guang)室、猗蘭館。慈(ci)禧入宮(gong)后曾居住儲(chu)秀宮(gong)后殿，并(bing)在此生下同治皇帝(di)。光(guang)緒(xu)十年慈(ci)禧五十大壽時又移居儲(chu)秀宮(gong)，并(bing)將后殿定名(ming)為(wei)麗(li)景(jing)軒。

現(xian)為宮(gong)廷(ting)生活(huo)原狀陳(chen)列。

咸福宮

咸福宮，內廷西(xi)六宮之一。建(jian)于明永樂十(shi)八年(nian)（1420年(nian)），初(chu)名壽安(an)宮。嘉靖十(shi)四年(nian)（1535年(nian)）更名為咸福宮。清康熙(xi)二(er)十(shi)二(er)年(nian)（1683年(nian)）重修，光緒二(er)十(shi)三年(nian)（1897年(nian)）又加修整。

咸福(fu)宮為兩(liang)進(jin)院，正門咸福(fu)門為琉璃門，內有4扇(shan)木屏門影(ying)壁(bi)(bi)(bi)。前院正殿(dian)額曰“咸福(fu)宮”，面闊(kuo)3間，黃琉璃瓦廡殿(dian)頂，形制高于西六(liu)宮中(zhong)其它五宮，與東六(liu)宮相對稱位置的景陽宮形制相同。前檐(yan)明間安(an)槅扇(shan)門，其余為槅扇(shan)檻窗，室內井口天花。后檐(yan)僅明間安(an)槅扇(shan)門，其余為檐(yan)墻。殿(dian)內東壁(bi)(bi)(bi)懸(xuan)乾隆皇(huang)帝《圣(sheng)制婕(jie)妤當熊(xiong)贊》，西壁(bi)(bi)(bi)懸(xuan)《婕(jie)妤當熊(xiong)圖》。山墻兩(liang)側有卡(ka)墻，設隨(sui)墻小門以通后院。殿(dian)前有東西配(pei)殿(dian)各3間，硬山頂，各有耳(er)房(fang)。

后(hou)院正殿名(ming)(ming)“同(tong)道堂(tang)”，面闊(kuo)5間(jian)，硬山頂，東(dong)西各(ge)有耳房3間(jian)。前檐明間(jian)安槅扇門，設(she)簾架，余間(jian)為(wei)支摘窗；后(hou)檐墻不開窗。室(shi)內(nei)設(she)落地(di)罩隔斷(duan)，頂棚為(wei)海墁天花。殿內(nei)東(dong)室(shi)匾(bian)額(e)為(wei)“琴德簃”，曾藏(zang)古琴；西室(shi)“畫禪室(shi)”，所貯王維《雪溪圖》、米之暉《瀟(xiao)湘白云(yun)圖》等畫卷都是董其昌畫禪室(shi)舊(jiu)藏(zang)，室(shi)因此(ci)而得名(ming)(ming)。同(tong)道堂(tang)亦有東(dong)西配(pei)殿，堂(tang)前東(dong)南(nan)有井(jing)亭1座。

咸福宮(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)妃(fei)所居，前殿(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)行禮(li)升座之處(chu)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)殿(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)寢宮(gong)(gong)(gong)，乾(qian)(qian)隆年(nian)間改為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇(huang)帝(di)偶爾起居之處(chu)。嘉(jia)慶(qing)四年(nian)（1799年(nian)）正月，乾(qian)(qian)隆皇(huang)帝(di)崩，嘉(jia)慶(qing)帝(di)住(zhu)于咸福宮(gong)(gong)(gong)守孝，下令不(bu)設(she)床(chuang)，僅(jin)鋪白(bai)氈(zhan)、燈(deng)草褥，以(yi)此宮(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)苫次，同(tong)年(nian)十月才移居養心殿(dian)。此后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)咸福宮(gong)(gong)(gong)一度(du)恢復為(wei)(wei)(wei)妃(fei)嬪居所，道光(guang)帝(di)琳(lin)貴(gui)人（莊順(shun)皇(huang)貴(gui)妃(fei)）、成(cheng)貴(gui)妃(fei)、彤貴(gui)妃(fei)、常(chang)妃(fei)等都曾在此居住(zhu)。道光(guang)三十年(nian)（1850年(nian)），咸豐皇(huang)帝(di)住(zhu)于咸福宮(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)道光(guang)皇(huang)帝(di)守孝，守孝期滿后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)仍經常(chang)在此居住(zhu)。

長春宮

長(chang)春宮(gong)(gong)，內廷西六宮(gong)(gong)之(zhi)一，明永樂十八年（1420年）建成，初名(ming)長(chang)春宮(gong)(gong)，嘉靖十四年（1535年）改稱永寧(ning)宮(gong)(gong)，萬歷四十三年（1615年）復稱長(chang)春宮(gong)(gong)。清康熙(xi)二(er)十二(er)年（1683年）重修，后(hou)又(you)多次修整。咸豐九(jiu)年（1859年）拆除長(chang)春宮(gong)(gong)的宮(gong)(gong)門長(chang)春門，并將啟(qi)(qi)祥宮(gong)(gong)后(hou)殿(dian)改為穿堂(tang)殿(dian)，咸豐帝題額(e)曰“體元殿(dian)”。長(chang)春宮(gong)(gong)、啟(qi)(qi)祥宮(gong)(gong)兩宮(gong)(gong)院由此連通。

長春宮(gong)(gong)面闊5間(jian)(jian)(jian)，黃(huang)琉璃瓦歇(xie)山式頂，前(qian)(qian)出廊，明間(jian)(jian)(jian)開門，隔扇風門，竹紋裙板，次、梢(shao)間(jian)(jian)(jian)均為(wei)(wei)檻窗，步步錦支窗。明間(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)地(di)(di)屏寶座，上(shang)懸“敬修內則”匾。左右有(you)簾帳與次間(jian)(jian)(jian)相隔，梢(shao)間(jian)(jian)(jian)靠北設(she)落地(di)(di)罩(zhao)炕，為(wei)(wei)寢室。殿(dian)前(qian)(qian)左右設(she)銅(tong)龜、銅(tong)鶴各(ge)1對。東配殿(dian)曰綏壽殿(dian)，西(xi)配殿(dian)曰承禧(xi)殿(dian)，各(ge)3間(jian)(jian)(jian)，前(qian)(qian)出廊，與轉角(jiao)廊相連，可通(tong)各(ge)殿(dian)。廊內壁上(shang)繪有(you)18幅(fu)以《紅樓(lou)夢(meng)》為(wei)(wei)題(ti)材的(de)巨幅(fu)壁畫，屬清晚期作品。長春宮(gong)(gong)南面，即體(ti)元殿(dian)的(de)后抱廈(sha)，為(wei)(wei)長春宮(gong)(gong)院內的(de)戲(xi)臺。東北角(jiao)和西(xi)北角(jiao)各(ge)有(you)屏門一道，與后殿(dian)相通(tong)。

后殿(dian)(dian)曰(yue)怡情書史，與長春宮同期建成(cheng)，面(mian)闊5間(jian)(jian)，東(dong)西各有耳(er)房3間(jian)(jian)。東(dong)配殿(dian)(dian)曰(yue)益(yi)壽齋，西配殿(dian)(dian)曰(yue)樂(le)志軒，各3間(jian)(jian)。后院東(dong)南(nan)有井亭1座。

此(ci)宮明代為(wei)(wei)妃嬪(pin)所居，天啟年(nian)(nian)間李成妃曾居此(ci)宮。清代為(wei)(wei)后(hou)妃所居，乾隆皇帝的孝賢皇后(hou)曾居住長(chang)春宮，死后(hou)在此(ci)停放(fang)靈(ling)棺(guan)。同治年(nian)(nian)至光緒十年(nian)(nian)（1884年(nian)(nian)），慈禧太(tai)后(hou)一直在此(ci)宮居住。

啟祥宮

啟(qi)祥宮（太極(ji)殿(dian)），內廷(ting)西六宮之一(yi)，建于明永(yong)樂十(shi)八年(nian)（1420年(nian)）。原(yuan)名未央(yang)宮，因嘉(jia)靖皇帝的生(sheng)父(fu)興獻王朱祐杬生(sheng)于此，故于嘉(jia)靖十(shi)四(si)年(nian)（1535年(nian)）更名啟(qi)祥宮，清代晚期改稱太極(ji)殿(dian)。清代曾多次修葺。

太極殿(dian)原(yuan)為(wei)二(er)進院(yuan)(yuan)，清后(hou)期改修長(chang)春宮時，將太極殿(dian)后(hou)殿(dian)辟(pi)為(wei)穿堂殿(dian)，后(hou)檐接出(chu)抱廈，并與(yu)(yu)長(chang)春宮及其東(dong)西配(pei)殿(dian)以轉角(jiao)游廊相連(lian)，形成(cheng)回(hui)廊，東(dong)西耳(er)房各開一間為(wei)通道，使太極殿(dian)與(yu)(yu)長(chang)春宮連(lian)接成(cheng)相互貫通的四進院(yuan)(yuan)。

太極殿面闊5間，黃琉(liu)璃瓦歇山頂(ding)，前后(hou)出廊。外檐繪蘇式彩畫，門(men)窗(chuang)飾萬字錦底團(tuan)壽(shou)紋，步(bu)(bu)步(bu)(bu)錦支摘窗(chuang)。室(shi)內飾石膏堆塑五福捧(peng)壽(shou)紋天(tian)花，系清末民初時所改。明間與東西次間分(fen)別以(yi)花梨木透雕萬字錦地(di)花卉(hui)欄桿罩與球紋錦地(di)鳳鳥落地(di)罩相隔(ge)，正中(zhong)設(she)地(di)屏寶座。殿前有高大的祥(xiang)鳳萬壽(shou)紋琉(liu)璃屏門(men)，與東西配殿組成一個(ge)寬敞的庭(ting)院(yuan)。

后(hou)(hou)殿為(wei)體元殿，黃琉璃瓦硬(ying)山頂，面闊5間(jian)，前后(hou)(hou)明(ming)間(jian)開門(men)。后(hou)(hou)檐接抱(bao)廈(sha)3間(jian)，為(wei)長春宮(gong)戲臺。清光緒十年（1884年），為(wei)慶慈(ci)禧五十壽辰(chen)，曾(ceng)在此演戲達半月之(zhi)久。明(ming)萬歷年間(jian)，乾(qian)清、坤寧兩宮(gong)火災，神宗朱翊鈞曾(ceng)暫居啟祥宮(gong)。遜帝溥儀出(chu)宮(gong)前，同治帝瑜太(tai)妃曾(ceng)居太(tai)極殿。

歷史沿革

明朝時期

弘治(zhi)時(shi)期：孝(xiao)穆紀太后居永壽宮。

萬(wan)歷時期：神宗朱翊(yi)鈞曾暫居(ju)(ju)(ju)啟(qi)祥(xiang)宮、李敬妃居(ju)(ju)(ju)咸福宮、淑嬪（即(ji)鄭貴妃）居(ju)(ju)(ju)翊(yi)坤宮。

崇禎時期：袁貴妃居翊坤(kun)宮。

清朝時期

順(shun)治時期(qi)：靜妃居永壽宮。

康熙時期：宜妃(fei)居(ju)翊坤宮(gong)。良妃(fei)居(ju)永壽(shou)宮(gong)。

雍正時期：孝圣憲皇(huang)后居景仁宮(gong)、敦肅皇(huang)貴(gui)妃（即年(nian)貴(gui)妃）居翊坤宮(gong)。

乾隆(long)時期(qi)：乾隆(long)偶爾在咸福宮居住(zhu)，惇妃居翊坤(kun)宮。

嘉慶時期：嘉慶住咸(xian)福宮守孝，安嬪居翊坤宮，恭順(shun)皇貴(gui)妃（即如妃）居永壽宮。

道(dao)光時期：琳貴(gui)(gui)人（莊順皇貴(gui)(gui)妃）、成貴(gui)(gui)妃、彤(tong)貴(gui)(gui)妃、常(chang)妃居咸福宮(gong)。咸豐居咸福宮(gong)為道(dao)光守孝，守孝期滿后仍經(jing)常(chang)在此(ci)居住。

咸(xian)豐時期：懿(yi)貴妃(fei)（即慈禧(xi)太后）居儲(chu)秀宮麗景軒(xuan)，麗貴人居儲(chu)秀宮。

同治時期：慈(ci)安(an)太后(hou)、慈(ci)禧太后(hou)居長(chang)春宮(gong)。

光緒時期：瑾妃居永和宮(gong)，珍妃居景仁(ren)宮(gong)。

宣統時(shi)期：孝(xiao)定景(jing)皇后(hou)（即隆裕(yu)太(tai)(tai)(tai)后(hou)）居長(chang)春宮(gong)，孝(xiao)恪(ke)愍皇后(hou)（即婉容）居儲秀(xiu)宮(gong)。瑜妃(fei)（瑜太(tai)(tai)(tai)妃(fei)）居太(tai)(tai)(tai)極殿。