孫君立,化學纖維(wei)專家,我國化纖工(gong)業的開創者之一。長期從(cong)事化學纖維(wei)的研究(jiu)和開發工(gong)作,著有(you)《人造纖維(wei)免皺法(fa)(fa)》、《銅(tong)氨纖維(wei)針織物光斑消除法(fa)(fa)》等論文,創制(zhi)我國粘膠纖維(wei)制(zhi)漿工(gong)藝流程和設備,為我國化纖工(gong)業的創建和發展做了很多有(you)益(yi)的工(gong)作。
孫君立,曾用名豫壽(shou),1902年7月(yue)出生在江蘇無錫(xi)東北鄉安鎮村(cun)。父(fu)親任教小(xiao)學,母親采桑育蠶以(yi)助家(jia)(jia)用,家(jia)(jia)道清(qing)貧。孫君立自幼生活樸素,學習刻苦,課(ke)業成績優秀。
1920年(nian)(nian)(nian)孫(sun)(sun)君立(li)(li)自蘇州江(jiang)蘇公(gong)(gong)立(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)(zhuan)門學(xue)(xue)(xue)校畢(bi)業(ye)(ye)后(hou)(hou),考入上海(hai)商務(wu)印(yin)書館編(bian)譯所,任(ren)編(bian)輯員。前后(hou)(hou)十余年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)編(bian)、譯工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中,先(xian)后(hou)(hou)譯、著了《高等(deng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)》、《應(ying)(ying)用(yong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)》、和《有機(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)》等(deng)十余種書籍。1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)他(ta)為尋找興國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)路,跨越出原先(xian)的(de)軌(gui)道,自費赴德(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)繼續求學(xue)(xue)(xue),進(jin)入德(de)(de)累斯登(deng)工(gong)(gong)科大學(xue)(xue)(xue)攻讀研(yan)究生(sheng)(sheng),并在(zai)(zai)夸虹人造絲(si)機(ji)器廠(chang)實習,之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)又去明興格城(cheng)紡(fang)織研(yan)究院讀研(yan)究生(sheng)(sheng)。1939年(nian)(nian)(nian)孫(sun)(sun)君立(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)德(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)亞琛工(gong)(gong)科大學(xue)(xue)(xue)獲博士(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)(wei),成(cheng)為我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)第一(yi)位(wei)(wei)研(yan)究化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維獲得博士(shi)(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)位(wei)(wei)的(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)。學(xue)(xue)(xue)業(ye)(ye)結束后(hou)(hou),他(ta)受(shou)聘(pin)于德(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)柏林威廉皇(huang)家學(xue)(xue)(xue)院任(ren)研(yan)究員。1939年(nian)(nian)(nian)冬,歐洲戰爭(zheng)局勢日緊,他(ta)去瑞士(shi)(shi)山(shan)道士(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)廠(chang)短期(qi)任(ren)職后(hou)(hou),于1940年(nian)(nian)(nian)回(hui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),投身(shen)于我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)建設(she)事業(ye)(ye)。他(ta)先(xian)應(ying)(ying)美亞絲(si)綢廠(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聘(pin),任(ren)籌備主任(ren),負責設(she)計人造絲(si)廠(chang)。1946年(nian)(nian)(nian)應(ying)(ying)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)紡(fang)織建設(she)公(gong)(gong)司之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)招,赴東北考察安(an)東(今丹(dan)東)化(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)廠(chang),回(hui)滬后(hou)(hou)擬去安(an)東工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),因交通(tong)(tong)受(shou)阻而留中紡(fang)公(gong)(gong)司任(ren)職,受(shou)命另(ling)行設(she)計其他(ta)化(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)廠(chang),后(hou)(hou)擔任(ren)中紡(fang)公(gong)(gong)司處長、專(zhuan)(zhuan)員等(deng)職,直至1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)上海(hai)解放。在(zai)(zai)這期(qi)間(jian),他(ta)曾幾次發表關于“建設(she)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)”等(deng)文章,多方奔走(zou),為發展我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)而呼吁。1942-1948年(nian)(nian)(nian)期(qi)間(jian),孫(sun)(sun)君立(li)(li)受(shou)南(nan)(nan)通(tong)(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院紡(fang)織科之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聘(pin),專(zhuan)(zhuan)授人造纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維課(ke)程(cheng),內容新穎,語詞生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)活潑,理(li)論聯系實際,注重發揚課(ke)堂民(min)主。當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)對孫(sun)(sun)君立(li)(li)的(de)諄諄教(jiao)誨,記憶猶新,懷念不已。他(ta)執教(jiao)南(nan)(nan)通(tong)(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院,培(pei)養了不少化(hua)(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)人才(cai)。后(hou)(hou)復(fu)將其數年(nian)(nian)(nian)講(jiang)授人造纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維講(jiang)稿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精粹,編(bian)寫成(cheng)篇,陸續刊(kan)登(deng)于1946-1947年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)《纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)》雜志,使(shi)廣大技術人員備受(shou)教(jiao)益。
中(zhong)華人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國(guo)建立后,孫(sun)(sun)(sun)君立一(yi)(yi)心(xin)掛(gua)念著化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),掛(gua)念著安東化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)廠(chang)。1949年(nian)九十月間(jian),他(ta)參加以胡(hu)厥文(wen)為(wei)團長(chang)的(de)東北參觀團,赴東北考察(cha)歷時一(yi)(yi)個多月,親眼看(kan)到東北人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)府對振(zhen)興(xing)化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不遺余力(li),深(shen)為(wei)感動和(he)興(xing)奮,決意為(wei)化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)效力(li)。1950年(nian)以后,他(ta)先后任上(shang)海安樂人(ren)造(zao)絲廠(chang)籌(chou)備處主任與副廠(chang)長(chang)。1954年(nian)任紡(fang)(fang)織工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部毛(mao)麻(ma)絲局處長(chang),他(ta)積極為(wei)發展我(wo)國(guo)化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)策(ce)劃并參與實施。1958年(nian),國(guo)務院(yuan)決定化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)歸(gui)口化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部管理,化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)技術人(ren)員均于同年(nian)11月轉入化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部,孫(sun)(sun)(sun)君立也隨調至(zhi)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)研究院(yuan),任纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)室(shi)(shi)主任,開展化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)研究工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。1960年(nian)5月,化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)復歸(gui)紡(fang)(fang)織工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部管理,孫(sun)(sun)(sun)君立轉任紡(fang)(fang)織工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)部紡(fang)(fang)織科學(xue)(xue)研究院(yuan)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)研究室(shi)(shi)副主任。在此期間(jian),他(ta)主要從事(shi)粘膠纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)和(he)合成纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)原料的(de)研究和(he)開發,為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)生產奠(dian)定基礎作出貢(gong)獻。
1969年“文化大革(ge)命(ming)”期(qi)間,孫君立被迫(po)離開北京(jing)返回故里。1979年他已(yi)77歲高齡,到中(zhong)國(guo)紡織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大學科研處(chu)情報(bao)室擔任《國(guo)外技術》主編(bian)(該刊(kan)分紡織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、針織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服裝、化纖(xian)印(yin)染三冊),還(huan)擔任《中(zhong)國(guo)大百科全書·紡織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》卷編(bian)委會委員(yuan)(該書于(yu)1984年出版),《紡織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)詞(ci)典》副主編(bian)(系國(guo)內(nei)第(di)一(yi)部大型紡織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)詞(ci)典,于(yu)1991年出版,1992年又重印(yin))和《中(zhong)國(guo)近代紡織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)史(shi)》編(bian)委會顧(gu)問等工作。他還(huan)參與(yu)編(bian)寫《英漢紡織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工業詞(ci)匯》。
孫(sun)君立在(zai)(zai)1919年“五四”運動(dong)前(qian)后參(can)加學(xue)生愛國(guo)運動(dong),在(zai)(zai)商務印書館工作(zuo)期間接(jie)受新(xin)青年雜志的(de)啟示教(jiao)育,同胡愈之、葉圣陶等日夕切磋,過從甚密(mi),受到進步思想影響。1927年,他在(zai)(zai)大革命時代參(can)加工人(ren)(ren)糾(jiu)察隊時險遭拘捕,后同周建(jian)人(ren)(ren)等組織婦女(nv)問(wen)題研究會(hui),在(zai)(zai)《中(zhong)國(guo)日報》主編一個副刊,又(you)發(fa)起《新(xin)女(nv)性》雜志的(de)刊印。1985年4月,他參(can)加中(zhong)國(guo)九三學(xue)社。1986年退休后還繼續(xu)發(fa)揮余熱,直到1992年逝世,享年90 歲(sui)。