孫君立(li),化學纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)專家,我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)化纖(xian)(xian)工(gong)業(ye)的開創者之一。長期(qi)從事化學纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)的研(yan)究(jiu)和(he)開發工(gong)作,著有《人造纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)免皺(zhou)法(fa)》、《銅(tong)氨纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)針織物光斑消(xiao)除(chu)法(fa)》等論(lun)文(wen),創制我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)粘膠(jiao)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)制漿工(gong)藝流程和(he)設備,為我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)化纖(xian)(xian)工(gong)業(ye)的創建(jian)和(he)發展(zhan)做了(le)很多有益的工(gong)作。
孫(sun)君(jun)立,曾用名豫壽,1902年7月出生在江蘇無錫東北鄉安(an)鎮(zhen)村(cun)。父親任教小(xiao)學(xue),母親采桑育(yu)蠶以助家(jia)用,家(jia)道清貧。孫(sun)君(jun)立自幼生活樸(pu)素,學(xue)習刻苦,課(ke)業(ye)成(cheng)績優秀。
1920年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)孫君(jun)立(li)自蘇州江(jiang)蘇公(gong)立(li)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)專門學(xue)(xue)校畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)后(hou)(hou),考入(ru)上海(hai)商務印書(shu)館編譯所,任(ren)編輯員。前后(hou)(hou)十(shi)余年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的編、譯工作中(zhong)(zhong),先后(hou)(hou)譯、著了《高等(deng)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)》、《應用(yong)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)》、和《有機(ji)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)》等(deng)十(shi)余種書(shu)籍。1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)他(ta)為(wei)尋(xun)找(zhao)興國(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)路,跨越出原先的軌道,自費(fei)赴德(de)國(guo)繼續(xu)求學(xue)(xue),進(jin)入(ru)德(de)累斯(si)登(deng)工科(ke)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)攻讀研(yan)究(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng),并在(zai)夸虹(hong)人(ren)(ren)造(zao)絲機(ji)器廠實習,之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)又去(qu)明(ming)興格城(cheng)紡織(zhi)研(yan)究(jiu)院(yuan)(yuan)讀研(yan)究(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)。1939年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)孫君(jun)立(li)在(zai)德(de)國(guo)亞琛工科(ke)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)獲博士學(xue)(xue)位,成(cheng)為(wei)我國(guo)第一位研(yan)究(jiu)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)纖(xian)(xian)維獲得博士學(xue)(xue)位的學(xue)(xue)者。學(xue)(xue)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)束(shu)后(hou)(hou),他(ta)受(shou)聘(pin)于(yu)德(de)國(guo)柏林(lin)威廉皇(huang)家(jia)學(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)任(ren)研(yan)究(jiu)員。1939年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)冬,歐洲戰爭局(ju)勢(shi)日緊,他(ta)去(qu)瑞士山道士化(hua)學(xue)(xue)廠短期(qi)任(ren)職后(hou)(hou),于(yu)1940年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)回國(guo),投身(shen)于(yu)我國(guo)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)纖(xian)(xian)維工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的建(jian)設事業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。他(ta)先應美亞絲綢廠之(zhi)(zhi)聘(pin),任(ren)籌備主(zhu)任(ren),負(fu)責設計(ji)人(ren)(ren)造(zao)絲廠。1946年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)應中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)紡織(zhi)建(jian)設公(gong)司(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)招,赴東(dong)(dong)北考察安東(dong)(dong)(今丹東(dong)(dong))化(hua)纖(xian)(xian)廠,回滬后(hou)(hou)擬去(qu)安東(dong)(dong)工作,因交通(tong)受(shou)阻(zu)而留(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)紡公(gong)司(si)(si)任(ren)職,受(shou)命另行設計(ji)其他(ta)化(hua)纖(xian)(xian)工廠,后(hou)(hou)擔任(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)紡公(gong)司(si)(si)處長(chang)、專員等(deng)職,直至1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)上海(hai)解放。在(zai)這期(qi)間,他(ta)曾幾次發(fa)(fa)表關于(yu)“建(jian)設中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)化(hua)纖(xian)(xian)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”等(deng)文章,多方奔走(zou),為(wei)發(fa)(fa)展我國(guo)化(hua)纖(xian)(xian)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)而呼(hu)吁。1942-1948年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)期(qi)間,孫君(jun)立(li)受(shou)南通(tong)學(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)紡織(zhi)科(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)聘(pin),專授人(ren)(ren)造(zao)纖(xian)(xian)維課程,內容新(xin)穎,語詞生(sheng)(sheng)動活潑,理論聯系實際(ji),注重發(fa)(fa)揚(yang)課堂民主(zhu)。當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)對孫君(jun)立(li)的諄諄教(jiao)(jiao)誨,記憶猶(you)新(xin),懷念不已。他(ta)執(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)南通(tong)學(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan),培養了不少化(hua)纖(xian)(xian)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)才。后(hou)(hou)復將其數年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)講(jiang)(jiang)授人(ren)(ren)造(zao)纖(xian)(xian)維講(jiang)(jiang)稿(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)精粹,編寫成(cheng)篇,陸續(xu)刊(kan)登(deng)于(yu)1946-1947年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的《纖(xian)(xian)維工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)》雜志,使(shi)廣大(da)(da)技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)(ren)員備受(shou)教(jiao)(jiao)益。
中華人(ren)民共和國(guo)(guo)建立(li)(li)后,孫君立(li)(li)一(yi)心(xin)掛念著(zhu)化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)事(shi)業(ye),掛念著(zhu)安東化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)廠(chang)。1949年(nian)(nian)九十月(yue)間(jian)(jian),他(ta)參加(jia)以(yi)胡厥(jue)文(wen)為團長(chang)的(de)東北參觀團,赴東北考察歷時一(yi)個多月(yue),親眼看到(dao)東北人(ren)民政府對(dui)振興(xing)化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)工(gong)業(ye)不遺余力,深為感動和興(xing)奮,決意為化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)行業(ye)效力。1950年(nian)(nian)以(yi)后,他(ta)先后任(ren)(ren)(ren)上海安樂人(ren)造絲廠(chang)籌備處(chu)(chu)主任(ren)(ren)(ren)與(yu)副廠(chang)長(chang)。1954年(nian)(nian)任(ren)(ren)(ren)紡(fang)織(zhi)工(gong)業(ye)部(bu)(bu)毛麻絲局處(chu)(chu)長(chang),他(ta)積極(ji)為發(fa)展我(wo)國(guo)(guo)化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)事(shi)業(ye)策劃并參與(yu)實施(shi)。1958年(nian)(nian),國(guo)(guo)務院決定化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)工(gong)業(ye)歸(gui)口化(hua)(hua)學工(gong)業(ye)部(bu)(bu)管理,化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)技術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan)均于同年(nian)(nian)11月(yue)轉入化(hua)(hua)學工(gong)業(ye)部(bu)(bu),孫君立(li)(li)也隨調至化(hua)(hua)學工(gong)業(ye)部(bu)(bu)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)研(yan)究院,任(ren)(ren)(ren)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)室主任(ren)(ren)(ren),開(kai)展化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)研(yan)究工(gong)作(zuo)。1960年(nian)(nian)5月(yue),化(hua)(hua)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)工(gong)業(ye)復歸(gui)紡(fang)織(zhi)工(gong)業(ye)部(bu)(bu)管理,孫君立(li)(li)轉任(ren)(ren)(ren)紡(fang)織(zhi)工(gong)業(ye)部(bu)(bu)紡(fang)織(zhi)科學研(yan)究院化(hua)(hua)學纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)研(yan)究室副主任(ren)(ren)(ren)。在此期間(jian)(jian),他(ta)主要從事(shi)粘膠(jiao)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)和合成(cheng)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)原(yuan)料的(de)研(yan)究和開(kai)發(fa),為工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)生產奠定基(ji)礎作(zuo)出貢獻。
1969年(nian)(nian)“文(wen)化大(da)革命”期間,孫(sun)君(jun)立被迫離開北京返回故里。1979年(nian)(nian)他已77歲高齡,到中國(guo)紡(fang)(fang)(fang)織(zhi)大(da)學科(ke)研處(chu)情報室擔任(ren)《國(guo)外技術》主編(bian)(該刊分(fen)紡(fang)(fang)(fang)織(zhi)、針織(zhi)服裝、化纖印染(ran)三冊),還(huan)擔任(ren)《中國(guo)大(da)百科(ke)全(quan)書·紡(fang)(fang)(fang)織(zhi)》卷編(bian)委(wei)會委(wei)員(該書于1984年(nian)(nian)出版),《紡(fang)(fang)(fang)織(zhi)詞典》副主編(bian)(系國(guo)內第(di)一部大(da)型紡(fang)(fang)(fang)織(zhi)詞典,于1991年(nian)(nian)出版,1992年(nian)(nian)又重印)和《中國(guo)近代紡(fang)(fang)(fang)織(zhi)史》編(bian)委(wei)會顧問等(deng)工(gong)(gong)作。他還(huan)參與(yu)編(bian)寫《英漢紡(fang)(fang)(fang)織(zhi)工(gong)(gong)業詞匯》。
孫(sun)君立在(zai)(zai)1919年“五(wu)四”運動前后(hou)(hou)參加學生(sheng)愛國運動,在(zai)(zai)商務印書館工作期間接受(shou)新青年雜(za)志的啟示教育,同胡愈之、葉圣(sheng)陶等日夕切磋,過從甚密,受(shou)到(dao)進步思想影(ying)響。1927年,他(ta)在(zai)(zai)大革命(ming)時代參加工人糾察隊時險遭拘捕,后(hou)(hou)同周建人等組織婦女(nv)問題研究(jiu)會,在(zai)(zai)《中(zhong)國日報》主編一個副刊(kan),又發起《新女(nv)性(xing)》雜(za)志的刊(kan)印。1985年4月,他(ta)參加中(zhong)國九三(san)學社。1986年退休(xiu)后(hou)(hou)還(huan)繼續發揮余熱,直到(dao)1992年逝世,享年90 歲。