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基本介紹

譽(yu)稱“徽(hui)州第一(yi)家”的龍川(chuan)胡宗憲尚書府(fu)，坐落在安徽(hui)績溪龍川(chuan)村(cun)中央，從胡宗憲至(zhi)胡氏“炳”字輩共12代人曾在此(ci)居住。龍川(chuan)村(cun)呈船形，東聳(song)龍須山(shan)、西衛鳳(feng)凰山(shan)，登源河與龍川(chuan)河村(cun)前交匯(hui)相(xiang)擁，是一(yi)塊藏龍臥虎之寶(bao)地。尚書府(fu)景(jing)區居船之掌舵位，為龍川(chuan)風(feng)水較佳之處(chu)。

龍川胡宗(zong)憲(xian)尚(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)府，粉墻黛瓦(wa)，綠水(shui)環繞(rao)，如詩(shi)如畫。透過五百年的(de)時空，彰顯出(chu)古徽(hui)州的(de)幽秘與(yu)神奇！走進(jin)占地(di)5000平方米的(de)尚(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)府，象一個(ge)小(xiao)社會，從善堂(tang)、官廳、梅(mei)林亭、胡氏家井、繡樓、徽(hui)戲(xi)(xi)園、松公家祠、文昌閣、蒙童館、土地(di)廟(miao)、醫館，胡公廟(miao)、嘉會樓、養心(xin)閣、魚亭、鹿鳴軒等，和眾多(duo)小(xiao)巧的(de)庭(ting)院(yuan)相交輝映(ying)，組成一個(ge)巷弄陌阡，四通八(ba)達的(de)一個(ge)迷宮豪(hao)宅。尚(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)府鼎盛時期(qi)，曾(ceng)七世同堂(tang)，足不(bu)出(chu)戶就可以(yi)上(shang)私(si)塾、唱大(da)戲(xi)(xi)、請郎中、祭祖拜佛……可以(yi)說尚(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)府是整個(ge)古徽(hui)州迄(qi)今保存(cun)完美(mei)、氣勢雄偉(wei)，結構復雜的(de)明代(dai)建筑(zhu)群，也(ye)是古徽(hui)州較(jiao)具代(dai)表性(xing)的(de)官宦豪(hao)宅。

如果說北京故(gu)宮的(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)雕具(ju)有皇家的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣派和豪(hao)放，那么龍川胡(hu)宗憲尚書府的(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)雕則具(ju)民(min)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)雋秀典雅，窗上、隔(ge)板上、梁棟上玲(ling)瓏有致的(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)雕，讓您(nin)仿佛進入(ru)古時的(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)術天地(di)，加(jia)上蒼舊的(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)(mu)樓，徽(hui)州風俗的(de)(de)(de)(de)擺設(she)，幽(you)幽(you)小巷，低頭是鵝卵石路，抬頭放眼是青磚細(xi)瓦，飛檐高挑的(de)(de)(de)(de)磚雕、石雕，還有那錯(cuo)錯(cuo)落落的(de)(de)(de)(de)馬頭墻、鰲魚禽獸，栩栩如生(sheng)，你會感覺仿佛時間倒流(liu)，一(yi)下子回到了(le)(le)明朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)天倫之中了(le)(le)。

國家歷史名(ming)城(cheng)研究中心(xin)主任、全國歷史文化(hua)名(ming)城(cheng)保護專(zhuan)家委員會委員阮儀三教(jiao)授考察后(hou)，高(gao)度評(ping)價：

“尚書府非(fei)常典型反映了(le)徽(hui)州建筑的一個重要特(te)點，也反映了(le)當時具有濃厚文化(hua)底蘊的這種(zhong)特(te)殊家族，建筑做(zuo)得很(hen)細節(jie)，細部做(zuo)得很(hen)精(jing)致，可以(yi)左顧(gu)右(you)盼(pan)，處處生景(jing)，是徽(hui)州保(bao)護較(jiao)好的古建筑，精(jing)品精(jing)品！”

在此您饒有興趣(qu)走進俗稱“二十四個門(men)闕”“去(qu)(qu)看胡氏(shi)祖(zu)居(ju)，去(qu)(qu)讀胡氏(shi)家譜，去(qu)(qu)游豪宅迷宮，去(qu)(qu)賞(shang)尚書(shu)府六大奇特徽文化”。

景點景觀

位協三公木牌坊

位協(xie)三(san)公木(mu)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)坊在(zai)(zai)(zai)徽州地區，牌(pai)(pai)(pai)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)有(you)很(hen)多(duo)，有(you)石(shi)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)、木(mu)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)木(mu)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)趨勢很(hen)少見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。牌(pai)(pai)(pai)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建造有(you)三(san)大(da)類(lei)(lei)：一是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)標志枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)、二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功德枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)、三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)節烈(lie)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。眼前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“功德枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)”，顯(xian)示官位和(he)政績(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，當時在(zai)(zai)(zai)明(ming)朝時期，胡(hu)(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)官銜是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)太(tai)(tai)保(bao)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)古代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)“太(tai)(tai)師、太(tai)(tai)保(bao)、太(tai)(tai)傅”合(he)稱為(wei)“三(san)公”，而胡(hu)(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)椅大(da)功勛(xun)位列于三(san)公，故(gu)(gu)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“位協(xie)三(san)公枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)”。“協(xie)”通(tong)“列”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)思(si)。制作(zuo)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)料也很(hen)講究，用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)民(min)間所說的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“公孫木(mu)”，也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)銀(yin)杏(xing)，銀(yin)杏(xing)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我國觀賞兼實用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名貴樹種，生長(chang)緩慢，壽命極長(chang)。牌(pai)(pai)(pai)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)(diao)刻寓(yu)言很(hen)深：下(xia)(xia)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)圖為(wei)“渭川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)躍(yue)鯉(li)”說的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)姜子(zi)(zi)牙(ya)在(zai)(zai)(zai)渭水(shui)河(he)邊釣魚(yu)時，遇到了周文(wen)(wen)王，他們(men)在(zai)(zai)(zai)渭水(shui)河(he)邊交談了幾個(ge)時辰，周文(wen)(wen)王認(ren)為(wei)他是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)治國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)武(wu)全才，就(jiu)用自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)車載姜子(zi)(zi)牙(ya)回宮，并親自(zi)為(wei)他拉車共808步，為(wei)周王朝奠定了八百(bai)年(nian)江山。清代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)啟蒙書《幼學(xue)(xue)瓊林》稱之“渭川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)躍(yue)鯉(li)”，在(zai)(zai)(zai)這里用這個(ge)典(dian)故(gu)(gu)比喻胡(hu)(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)“龍(long)(long)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)躍(yue)鯉(li)”，說胡(hu)(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)從(cong)龍(long)(long)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)出去(qu)(qu)當官，立下(xia)(xia)抗倭(wo)大(da)功，使(shi)明(ming)王朝江山得(de)以延續。上(shang)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)“位協(xie)三(san)公”兩(liang)(liang)側雕(diao)(diao)刻則是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩(liang)(liang)條龍(long)(long)，“飛(fei)(fei)龍(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)天”典(dian)出“易*乾”，“飛(fei)(fei)龍(long)(long)在(zai)(zai)(zai)天，利見大(da)人”比喻升官的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)思(si)，上(shang)下(xia)(xia)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)圖，合(he)起來就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鯉(li)魚(yu)跳龍(long)(long)門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)思(si)，庭院中種了兩(liang)(liang)株柏(bo)樹，寓(yu)意(yi)族衍百(bai)（柏(bo)）枝，位登(deng)佰（柏(bo)）爵。從(cong)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)枋(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)過去(qu)(qu)，參觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)一站胡(hu)(hu)公殿，靠南面是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)胡(hu)(hu)公殿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣場，民(min)間稱為(wei)廟坦。在(zai)(zai)(zai)東面前(qian)璧嵌有(you)明(ming)朝嘉靖(jing)五年(nian)（1526）績(ji)溪縣十(shi)(shi)二(er)都(dou)“上(shang)鄉(xiang)祖(zu)(zu)社(she)(she)”，通(tong)過官府準立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“鄉(xiang)約碑”績(ji)溪縣鄉(xiang)都(dou)建置，在(zai)(zai)(zai)宋代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)就(jiu)有(you)規(gui)劃上(shang)鄉(xiang)和(he)下(xia)(xia)鄉(xiang)之分(fen)。龍(long)(long)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)(shi)二(er)都(dou)，元朝時劃屬維新上(shang)鄉(xiang)。上(shang)鄉(xiang)祖(zu)(zu)社(she)(she)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一鄉(xiang)之社(she)(she)，龍(long)(long)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)為(wei)祖(zu)(zu)社(she)(she)所在(zai)(zai)(zai)地，鄉(xiang)約類(lei)(lei)似現代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鄉(xiang)規(gui)民(min)約，經過官府認(ren)可，具(ju)有(you)法律的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)約束力，也稱社(she)(she)碑。廟坦側有(you)二(er)旗(qi)桿石(shi)墩(dun)，一是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)圓形(xing)(xing)、一是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八角(jiao)菱(ling)形(xing)(xing)。明(ming)清代(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)時，學(xue)(xue)子(zi)(zi)考上(shang)府縣學(xue)(xue)秀才，一旦取得(de)國子(zi)(zi)監太(tai)(tai)學(xue)(xue)生資格（相當于現在(zai)(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)績(ji)溪縣考上(shang)第一名送到宣(xuan)城市就(jiu)讀之后(hou)考上(shang)第一名，保(bao)送去(qu)(qu)清華(hua)北大(da)讀書的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資格），即可重豎旗(qi)桿，改換門庭，光宗耀祖(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)思(si)。明(ming)間說：圓屬文(wen)(wen)，八角(jiao)屬武(wu)。一圓一方，以此(ci)頌揚胡(hu)(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)文(wen)(wen)韜武(wu)略(lve)，也暗含胡(hu)(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)麾下(xia)(xia)擁有(you)眾多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)物英才。

胡公殿

胡公殿(dian)(dian)殿(dian)(dian)頂鱷魚吻脊，石獸環列(lie)，前檐角為雀尾(wei)狀武(wu)式，八字(zi)門面，卷(juan)棚門，象征天地天圓地方，兩(liang)側圓窗，遵循徽州(zhou)神廟的建造(zao)規制，表明(ming)胡宗憲去世后(hou)，家鄉人民奉(feng)之為神，對(dui)他的敬仰。

正殿(dian)匾“榮(rong)樹崇聞(wen)”，是榮(rong)立功勛，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)聞(wen)千古(gu)的(de)意思(si)。兩旁聯語(yu)：“一(yi)心忠節山河(he)見(jian)證，千古(gu)精神日月延輝(hui)”，是對(dui)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲抗倭(wo)立功卻被(bei)誣陷(xian)打入獄中(zhong)，后終(zhong)得平反，歷史自(zi)有(you)公論的(de)寫照。正殿(dian)的(de)建(jian)筑是前(qian)圓軒頂(ding)后尖(jian)形人字頂(ding)，這是徽州(zhou)祠堂廟宇、大戶官(guan)廳頂(ding)部的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)規制，暗(an)喻天(tian)(tian)時、地利、人和(he)。民間也傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說，也暗(an)喻“先禮后兵”，圓，象(xiang)征和(he)、禮，尖(jian)象(xiang)征兵、剛。正殿(dian)后龕座供有(you)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲坐像(xiang)，據史料記載，胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲生(sheng)來(lai)相貌非凡(fan)，而且有(you)一(yi)種逼人的(de)氣(qi)勢，不(bu)(bu)(bu)怒(nu)自(zi)威，相當于(yu)現(xian)在(zai)所(suo)(suo)說的(de)官(guan)威。令(ling)人望(wang)而生(sheng)畏，武(wu)將俞大猷(you)是出名的(de)硬骨頭，敢于(yu)堅(jian)持原則，不(bu)(bu)(bu)怕生(sheng)飯碗，還有(you)一(yi)身縱(zong)橫天(tian)(tian)下的(de)武(wu)藝，就(jiu)這么一(yi)個響當當的(de)浙江軍分(fen)區司令(ling)員(yuan)，每次看見(jian)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲都小(xiao)心翼翼，連頭也不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢抬，有(you)時還會發抖。根據流傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲畫(hua)像(xiang)所(suo)(suo)塑(su)，胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲手捧書(shu)籍《百戰奇法(fa)》，清雍正后被(bei)更名《百戰奇略》。是中(zhong)國古(gu)代分(fen)條論述戰法(fa)的(de)兵書(shu)。約成(cheng)書(shu)于(yu)北(bei)宋(song)末。明崇禎(zhen)本《韜(tao)略世法(fa)》稱該書(shu)為南宋(song)末謝枋得編輯(ji)，原作者(zhe)已不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)考。題(ti)明劉基撰。人物神態靜思(si)而和(he)氣(qi)生(sheng)，此泥人塑(su)像(xiang)是當代著(zhu)名大師(shi)泥人薛所(suo)(suo)做(zuo)。

殿(dian)(dian)后天井，天井后為(wei)(wei)家廟寢堂，中為(wei)(wei)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)憲(xian)先(xian)祖及子(zi)(zi)孫(sun)(sun)神(shen)位龕(kan)座，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)憲(xian)娶有(you)(you)二妻，原配績溪縣(xian)(xian)(xian)章氏，生有(you)(you)桂(gui)奇(qi)(qi)，松奇(qi)(qi)二子(zi)(zi)，章氏去世后繼配王(wang)氏生有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)女(nv)，嫁績溪縣(xian)(xian)(xian)程姓。胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)桂(gui)奇(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直隨侍父親左(zuo)右，于平定倭寇多襄助之功，以(yi)父親之蔭官左(zuo)府(fu)都事，生胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)（火(huo)享）、胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)煒(wei)、胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)燧、胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)炤四(si)子(zi)(zi)。胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)松奇(qi)(qi)官錦衣位千戶，生胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)燈、胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)焌、胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)煜、胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)燭(zhu)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)煐五子(zi)(zi)，這(zhe)里(li)是胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)松奇(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)支的(de)(de)支祠，故稱松公(gong)祠。左(zuo)龕(kan)塑(su)像(xiang)(xiang)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)允源(yuan)，是胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)憲(xian)的(de)(de)十(shi)代(dai)(dai)孫(sun)(sun)清(qing)道光(guang)年(nian)間(jian)由歙縣(xian)(xian)(xian)三陽坑親戚介紹(shao)，到(dao)江(jiang)蘇東臺學(xue)茶(cha)葉生意(yi)(yi)，滿師后與(yu)(yu)人(ren)合股(gu)在泰(tai)(tai)興(xing)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)開(kai)(kai)設“裕泰(tai)(tai)和茶(cha)號(hao)(hao)(hao)”，不(bu)(bu)久茶(cha)號(hao)(hao)(hao)歸胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)允源(yuan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營，生意(yi)(yi)漸(jian)興(xing)隆，兒子(zi)(zi)樹(shu)銘念(nian)完私(si)塾后也(ye)進(jin)店學(xue)做生意(yi)(yi)。同治年(nian)間(jian)，增開(kai)(kai)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)源(yuan)泰(tai)(tai)新(xin)(xin)茶(cha)號(hao)(hao)(hao)，由樹(shu)銘經(jing)(jing)(jing)營。父子(zi)(zi)倆經(jing)(jing)(jing)營以(yi)義為(wei)(wei)利，信譽卓著，在同行業威(wei)望(wang)很高，而且，熱(re)心地方(fang)和桑梓(zi)公(gong)益，經(jing)(jing)(jing)常為(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)人(ren)排難解紛，口碑很好。右龕(kan)塑(su)像(xiang)(xiang)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)炳衡(heng)，手(shou)捧(peng)《山海經(jing)(jing)(jing)》《山海經(jing)(jing)(jing)》是先(xian)秦(qin)古(gu)籍(ji)，是一(yi)(yi)(yi)部富于神(shen)話傳說的(de)(de)古(gu)老的(de)(de)地理書。它(ta)主(zhu)要記(ji)述古(gu)代(dai)(dai)地理、物(wu)產、神(shen)話、巫術、宗(zong)教等，也(ye)包括古(gu)史、醫(yi)藥(yao)、民(min)俗、民(min)族等方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)內容。他(ta)(ta)是樹(shu)銘公(gong)的(de)(de)兒子(zi)(zi)，滿腹經(jing)(jing)(jing)綸，嫻熟諸子(zi)(zi)百家，年(nian)紀(ji)很輕(qing)就(jiu)與(yu)(yu)弟(di)弟(di)炳華分(fen)(fen)別考取文武(wu)秀才(cai)，因晚清(qing)時(shi)局不(bu)(bu)穩(wen)，災患兵燹連年(nian)，遂放棄舉(ju)業，也(ye)隨父親當了茶(cha)商，他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)秉承祖父允源(yuan)公(gong)遺訓，經(jing)(jing)(jing)營以(yi)仁義為(wei)(wei)先(xian)，又以(yi)孔夫子(zi)(zi)《論語(yu)》哲理化(hua)入經(jing)(jing)(jing)商之道。觀察(cha)市場變(bian)化(hua)，籌算進(jin)取，生意(yi)(yi)蒸蒸日(ri)上，人(ren)稱為(wei)(wei)“儒商”。光(guang)緒末曾發起倡建泰(tai)(tai)興(xing)新(xin)(xin)安會館，參(can)與(yu)(yu)同鄉(xiang)(xiang)會會務。民(min)國6年(nian)（1917），在泰(tai)(tai)興(xing)東大街增開(kai)(kai)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)震泰(tai)(tai)茶(cha)號(hao)(hao)(hao)。第47代(dai)(dai)增鈺(yu)、增麟、增金、增鑫，接(jie)管了店業。抗戰期(qi)間(jian)在上海設立茶(cha)葉申莊(zhuang)，使(shi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)營倍盛于前(qian)。直到(dao)解放，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)源(yuan)泰(tai)(tai)茶(cha)號(hao)(hao)(hao)、胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)震泰(tai)(tai)茶(cha)號(hao)(hao)(hao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直是泰(tai)(tai)興(xing)的(de)(de)名茶(cha)號(hao)(hao)(hao)。從允源(yuan)至增鈺(yu)四(si)代(dai)(dai)人(ren)雖僑居他(ta)(ta)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，卻一(yi)(yi)(yi)直不(bu)(bu)忘桑梓(zi)，代(dai)(dai)代(dai)(dai)都以(yi)籍(ji)貫績溪為(wei)(wei)榮，家鄉(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)民(min)對他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)十(shi)分(fen)(fen)欽仰，引以(yi)為(wei)(wei)自豪(hao)，我們(men)(men)景區順應民(min)意(yi)(yi)，特地塑(su)像(xiang)(xiang)，永遠紀(ji)念(nian)他(ta)(ta)們(men)(men)。殿(dian)(dian)側這(zhe)條(tiao)夾墻廊道，是胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)家子(zi)(zi)孫(sun)(sun)候祭(ji)處，待到(dao)規定時(shi)辰(chen)，撞鐘擊(ji)鼓為(wei)(wei)號(hao)(hao)(hao)，子(zi)(zi)孫(sun)(sun)們(men)(men)依輩分(fen)(fen)排列，進(jin)入殿(dian)(dian)堂，祭(ji)祀參(can)拜。

從善(shan)(shan)堂(tang)(tang)（前進(jin)）尚(shang)書(shu)(shu)胡氏族譜(pu)記(ji)載，太師壁高掛一匾(bian)曰(yue)“從善(shan)(shan)堂(tang)(tang)”，原為(wei)(wei)江(jiang)南才子(zi)文(wen)征明(ming)所書(shu)(shu)，現根(gen)據故居原堂(tang)(tang)名(ming)復制，為(wei)(wei)我(wo)國書(shu)(shu)法(fa)家(jia)(jia)(jia)協會副主席權希(xi)軍先生所書(shu)(shu)。書(shu)(shu)法(fa)遒勁豪放，飄(piao)逸灑(sa)脫，匾(bian)額(e)：“從善(shan)(shan)堂(tang)(tang)”，典(dian)出(chu)(chu)劉(liu)備遺囑：“勿(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)惡(e)小而為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)，勿(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)善(shan)(shan)小而不(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)”。“從善(shan)(shan)”與“作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)惡(e)”是(shi)(shi)一對(dui)反義詞。胡宗(zong)憲之(zhi)所以(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)“從善(shan)(shan)”兩字作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)堂(tang)(tang)號，表(biao)明(ming)了他是(shi)(shi)一個愛憎分明(ming)、極富(fu)有正(zheng)義感的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)，也(ye)表(biao)達(da)了他始終(zhong)如一把“從善(shan)(shan)”作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)做人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)追求。胡家(jia)(jia)(jia)雖是(shi)(shi)官宦之(zhi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)，但(dan)其家(jia)(jia)(jia)人(ren)(ren)仍以(yi)(yi)農(nong)為(wei)(wei)本，以(yi)(yi)“勤儉淡(dan)泊”作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)處世哲學(xue)，你看這付(fu)(fu)對(dui)子(zi)：“勸(quan)課(ke)農(nong)桑誠有道(dao)，寄懷魚鳥欲忘(wang)形”，為(wei)(wei)晚清名(ming)臣(chen)左宗(zong)棠題寫(xie)，以(yi)(yi)農(nong)桑為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)道(dao)，以(yi)(yi)魚鳥為(wei)(wei)楷模，拋棄名(ming)利，超脫自我(wo)，這是(shi)(shi)多(duo)么高的(de)(de)(de)(de)境界。還有這付(fu)(fu)：“羅浮括(kuo)蒼神(shen)仙(xian)所宅，圖書(shu)(shu)金石作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)述之(zhi)林”，所謂“羅浮”，為(wei)(wei)晚清本地(di)著(zhu)名(ming)書(shu)(shu)法(fa)家(jia)(jia)(jia)程宗(zong)魯題寫(xie)。指的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)廣東(dong)境內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)羅浮山(shan)(shan)(shan)，“括(kuo)蒼”指的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)浙江(jiang)臨海境內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)括(kuo)蒼山(shan)(shan)(shan)，《神(shen)仙(xian)傳》講這兩座山(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)(shi)神(shen)仙(xian)往(wang)來出(chu)(chu)沒的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方。不(bu)(bu)言而喻，胡宗(zong)憲尚(shang)書(shu)(shu)府乃(nai)神(shen)仙(xian)洞(dong)府也(ye)。創作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“圖書(shu)(shu)金石”數(shu)不(bu)(bu)勝數(shu)，一眼道(dao)破了主人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)恬淡(dan)心理。

從善堂（后進）這(zhe)是一(yi)處內宅(zhai)，是主人(ren)日常起坐住宿、接待親戚(qi)和(he)一(yi)般朋(peng)友的地方(fang)。這(zhe)個后進就是三(san)間(jian)兩閣廂(xiang)，左右廂(xiang)房，中間(jian)廳堂，是為三(san)間(jian)，前為天井，兩側(ce)為小(xiao)閣廂(xiang)，一(yi)般為老、少女眷居住，來客中的女眷也(ye)在這(zhe)里接待。堂中對聯(lian)為：“白石清泉(quan)從所好，和(he)風(feng)甘(gan)(gan)(gan)雨與(yu)人(ren)同”，借此(ci)抒發胡宗憲雖出身高貴，但(dan)愿與(yu)平民百(bai)姓“和(he)風(feng)甘(gan)(gan)(gan)雨”，同甘(gan)(gan)(gan)共苦。兩邊抱(bao)柱對聯(lian)為包世(shi)臣所書“道(dao)德傳(chuan)家富(fu)貴依然久，詩(shi)畫濟世(shi)子孫(sun)更永賢。”意在教導(dao)子孫(sun)讀書做(zuo)官，克守(shou)儒家道(dao)德。

徽州會官廳(ting)這是(shi)(shi)尚書府接待官員，好友議事、唱和(he)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方，也是(shi)(shi)一(yi)座建筑精(jing)湛、雕(diao)刻美奐的(de)(de)(de)廳(ting)堂(tang)。大門樓上(shang)(shang)(shang)磚雕(diao)圖，上(shang)(shang)(shang)面四(si)塊“元(yuan)寶”，依次為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“琴(qin)、棋、書、畫(hua)”。中橫枋(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“綿紋”、“菊花”。錦(jin)紋，暗指“錦(jin)繡徽州第一(yi)家”，“菊”與“居”諧(xie)音，有安居、同(tong)居的(de)(de)(de)意思。額枋(fang)板中間鹿(lu)、鶴(he)、松樹、喜鵲，寓(yu)意祿(lu)（鹿(lu)）來(lai)報喜，“松鶴(he)延年”。左為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“文武一(yi)堂(tang)”，右(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“賓客來(lai)賀”。下面雀替左為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三獅(shi)、彩(cai)球、金錢，暗喻(yu)三代榮華(hua)富貴。右(you)邊(bian)雙獅(shi)、彩(cai)球、書，暗喻(yu)“太獅(shi)少獅(shi)，文經武略”。大門加平息木(mu)門階，意謂“步步登高(gao)，連升三級(ji)”。結構雖(sui)然(ran)仍是(shi)(shi)“通轉對堂(tang)式”，但有兩個(ge)特點。一(yi)：上(shang)(shang)(shang)無(wu)樓，仿宗廟享堂(tang)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)制，前(qian)用拱形(xing)“軟山(shan)式”頂架，后用尖形(xing)“硬山(shan)式”頂架，既巍峨軒敞，又因無(wu)樓無(wu)人在上(shang)(shang)(shang)方走(zou)動，顯示了(le)(le)肅穆與威嚴。二：下堂(tang)不(bu)設房(fang)，形(xing)成“曰(yue)”字，是(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“進門昌字”寓(yu)意，與從善堂(tang)的(de)(de)(de)“倒(dao)堂(tang)昌字”換了(le)(le)一(yi)個(ge)邊(bian)。“倒(dao)堂(tang)昌字”坐(zuo)在上(shang)(shang)(shang)堂(tang)往下看，基于自我。另(ling)一(yi)方面，“官廳(ting)”分上(shang)(shang)(shang)堂(tang)和(he)下堂(tang)，下堂(tang)不(bu)設廂房(fang)，敞開廳(ting)室，秉承了(le)(le)“先后有序(xu)、主次有別(bie)”的(de)(de)(de)傳統觀(guan)念，尊卑、長幼(you)客人一(yi)起到(dao)來(lai)時，可(ke)分上(shang)(shang)(shang)下堂(tang)安座。對不(bu)同(tong)級(ji)別(bie)的(de)(de)(de)官員有不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)約束和(he)規(gui)定，毫不(bu)遮掩(yan)地(di)體現森嚴的(de)(de)(de)封建等級(ji)制度(du)，因此有“坐(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)堂(tang)可(ke)觀(guan)全廳(ting)”的(de)(de)(de)大一(yi)統之感。

徽州會官廳

徽州(zhou)會(hui)官廳前梁(liang)雀(que)替(ti)(ti)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“和合(he)(he)二(er)圣”，下(xia)(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“文(wen)昌”、“魁星(xing)”。《事物(wu)原會(hui)》說(shuo)：“和合(he)(he)神乃(nai)(nai)天臺(tai)山(shan)(shan)僧寒(han)山(shan)(shan)與(yu)拾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)也(ye)”，民(min)間尊奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)和諧好合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)觀(guan)喜神。“和合(he)(he)二(er)仙(xian)”講的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)唐朝有(you)一名(ming)叫萬回的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)，蓬頭(tou)笑面，身穿綠衣(yi)，左手擎鼓，右手執棒，稱和合(he)(he)神。一日萬里來回，告知父母平(ping)安，后來演變(bian)成祈祝婚姻和合(he)(he)。神像(xiang)(xiang)成了(le)兩個人(ren)，分(fen)別持荷花(hua)、園(yuan)盒(he)(he)。和合(he)(he)之(zhi)神改為(wei)(wei)(wei)和合(he)(he)二(er)仙(xian)。一說(shuo)采荷的(de)(de)(de)叫拾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)，持盒(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)叫寒(han)山(shan)(shan)。寒(han)山(shan)(shan)、拾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)是(shi)同(tong)村(cun)人(ren)，雖是(shi)異(yi)姓(xing)，卻親(qin)如(ru)兄(xiong)弟。寒(han)山(shan)(shan)愛(ai)上本村(cun)一女(nv)子(zi)，拾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)也(ye)墜入情(qing)網。快成親(qin)時，寒(han)山(shan)(shan)知情(qing)出家為(wei)(wei)(wei)僧，拾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)不安，亦舍下(xia)(xia)女(nv)子(zi)前往尋覓(mi)寒(han)山(shan)(shan)。拾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)持荷花(hua)訪寒(han)山(shan)(shan)，寒(han)山(shan)(shan)拿一盒(he)(he)齋(zhai)飯(fan)迎拾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)，相向而(er)午(wu)。拾(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)也(ye)留(liu)下(xia)(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)僧。下(xia)(xia)堂(tang)獅(shi)子(zi)雀(que)替(ti)(ti)喻“太師（獅(shi)）少師（獅(shi)）”。上刻大(da)小四獅(shi)，左下(xia)(xia)有(you)靈芝如(ru)意，喻“四四（獅(shi)）如(ru)意”，下(xia)(xia)刻菊(ju)花(hua)，亦暗喻“九(jiu)世(shi)同(tong)居”乃(nai)(nai)“菊(ju)”與(yu)“居”諧音，菊(ju)花(hua)盛開于九(jiu)月(yue)。廂(xiang)房前窗欄(lan)板雕(diao)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)“梅蘭竹菊(ju)”，此為(wei)(wei)(wei)花(hua)中“四君(jun)子(zi)”，表現(xian)主人(ren)重視君(jun)子(zi)之(zhi)交。廂(xiang)房后窗名(ming)刻“文(wen)武(wu)狀元”及“文(wen)王訪賢”、“不老黃(huang)忠”等(deng)寓意吉(ji)祥的(de)(de)(de)掌權人(ren)物(wu)。堂(tang)上供奉的(de)(de)(de)關公(gong)(gong)塑像(xiang)(xiang)。因為(wei)(wei)(wei)，關公(gong)(gong)宋代(dai)(dai)被追(zhui)贈義勇武(wu)安王，明代(dai)(dai)加(jia)號三界伏魔大(da)帝神威(wei)遠(yuan)鎮天尊關圣大(da)帝，道(dao)教封為(wei)(wei)(wei)四大(da)護(hu)法元帥之(zhi)一，在民(min)間被稱武(wu)圣人(ren)，是(shi)徽州(zhou)民(min)間的(de)(de)(de)保護(hu)神和財神。這是(shi)尚書府后人(ren)借武(wu)圣人(ren)暗褒先祖胡宗憲亦為(wei)(wei)(wei)忠心(xin)報國、功勛卓著的(de)(de)(de)主帥。

堂中(zhong)間懸(xuan)掛(gua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“天(tian)(tian)奉誥命”圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)龕，是(shi)(shi)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)專門用來存(cun)放圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寶(bao)箱。有人稱這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)尚書府的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第六怪。圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)箱呈長方(fang)形，寬約50公分，長約70公分，全部(bu)采(cai)(cai)用特(te)殊樟木精(jing)(jing)雕細刻并(bing)貼(tie)金、鎏金而(er)成(cheng)。兩側面鏤刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圖(tu)(tu)案是(shi)(shi)“鳳凰呈祥”，其(qi)它四面則全部(bu)是(shi)(shi)“祥龍騰(teng)達圖(tu)(tu)”，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)共(gong)雕了(le)神龍五(wu)條，這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)因為(wei)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)官至一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)品，象征九(jiu)五(wu)之尊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緣故。越(yue)是(shi)(shi)箱底部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雕刻，反(fan)而(er)越(yue)是(shi)(shi)精(jing)(jing)采(cai)(cai)、精(jing)(jing)致，而(er)且箱底鏤刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)神龍龍頭強勢外凸(tu)，大大高(gao)于(yu)(yu)箱底而(er)無(wu)法擱平而(er)只(zhi)能(neng)懸(xuan)掛(gua)。古代(dai)，大臣(chen)接(jie)下皇帝圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皆珍藏(zang)于(yu)(yu)密室(shi)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)不(bu)置“圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)龕”輕易示(shi)人，所以(yi)在(zai)民間很難看到此(ci)龕。名(ming)位今(jin)天(tian)(tian)能(neng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飽眼福(fu)(fu)(fu)，在(zai)于(yu)(yu)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)先蒙(meng)冤致死，后雖得皇帝平白(bai)追(zhui)封，朝野卻仍然(ran)褒貶(bian)不(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，后人需(xu)要大肆宣(xuan)耀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果。其(qi)實(shi)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)“禍(huo)(huo)也(ye)(ye)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，福(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，平反(fan)昭(zhao)雪(xue)也(ye)(ye)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。“福(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，是(shi)(shi)指胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)仕途通暢(chang)，官運一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來擋(dang)也(ye)(ye)擋(dang)不(bu)住。，有時(shi)甚(shen)至一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)內(nei)連(lian)升二級。幾十(shi)道圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)到來，給了(le)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾十(shi)次的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加官晉爵、飛黃騰(teng)達。所謂“禍(huo)(huo)也(ye)(ye)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”是(shi)(shi)指胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)后來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因蒙(meng)冤含(han)屈先遭彈劾(he)、繼遭關押、又(you)獲(huo)釋放、終入囹圄(yu)直(zhi)至引刃(ren)自殺，幾乎每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次禍(huo)(huo)災都有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)道圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相伴。“平反(fan)昭(zhao)雪(xue)也(ye)(ye)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，即胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)死后與“圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)緣還未能(neng)了(le)斷，在(zai)他死后第七個(ge)年(nian)(nian)頭和(he)第二十(shi)五(wu)個(ge)年(nian)(nian)頭，明穆宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)和(he)神宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)兩皇帝先后頒發圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)其(qi)平反(fan)昭(zhao)雪(xue)。徽州官廳中(zhong)堂懸(xuan)掛(gua)六尺中(zhong)堂，原先是(shi)(shi)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幕僚徐渭(wei)所畫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)荷花圖(tu)(tu)，因為(wei)在(zai)民國時(shi)期(qi)遺失了(le)，所以(yi)請當代(dai)著名(ming)畫家——安徽省第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位美協主席蕭(xiao)龍士先生(sheng)(sheng)所補筆的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)副荷花圖(tu)(tu)，這(zhe)幅水墨淋漓(li)、古拙、淡雅，別有氣勢，使整個(ge)官廳構成(cheng)了(le)既可(ke)獨立欣賞又(you)形成(cheng)整體生(sheng)(sheng)動和(he)諧(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)畫面，寓意以(yi)和(he)為(wei)貴，和(he)諧(xie)共(gong)榮。足見龍川胡(hu)氏家族學之淵(yuan)源，文化底蘊之深厚。

我們再來讀一讀這(zhe)屋內的(de)(de)(de)牌(pai)匾，這(zhe)當中的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)塊(kuai)分別(bie)是(shi)《竭忠(zhong)(zhong)盡節》《抗倭名臣》，都(dou)是(shi)皇帝(di)賜封的(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)是(shi)對胡宗憲抗擊倭寇赫赫戰功的(de)(de)(de)較高(gao)獎賞，也是(shi)對他(ta)忠(zhong)(zhong)貞不(bu)渝地效(xiao)忠(zhong)(zhong)大明朝的(de)(de)(de)一種褒揚。

懸掛的匾額中還有胡宗憲生前，明嘉靖34年、36年世宗皇(huang)帝(di)賜給的“忠勇可嘉”、“竭忠督討(tao)”、“矢心為國(guo)”、“盡忠為國(guo)”等獎(jiang)功(gong)匾，以及江南名(ming)士文徵明送的“竭忠盡節(jie)”匾。

繡樓

繡(xiu)樓也(ye)叫(jiao)小姐(jie)樓，是(shi)(shi)(shi)胡家(jia)小姐(jie)的閨(gui)秀樓。樓梯(ti)，徽州民間稱(cheng)“閣橋”，其梯(ti)級數講究“踏(ta)金(jin)踏(ta)銀(yin)”，即(ji)用“金(jin)銀(yin)銅(tong)鐵錫”五個(ge)(ge)字點念(nian)，念(nian)到最后(hou)一(yi)梯(ti)落(luo)在金(jin)或銀(yin)字上(shang)(shang)，即(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)金(jin)或銀(yin)閣橋，除個(ge)(ge)別因(yin)風水另有禁忌(ji)的以外，基本上(shang)(shang)沒有銅(tong)鐵錫字閣橋，那被認為(wei)(wei)(wei)不吉利。閨(gui)秀房為(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)格亮軒(xuan)結構(gou)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軒(xuan)前有美人靠(kao)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)小起(qi)休閑坐室，窗欄(lan)板(ban)(ban)雕(diao)刻(ke)(ke)的是(shi)(shi)(shi)“漁樵耕讀(du)”，這(zhe)可不是(shi)(shi)(shi)普通的山野村夫(fu)，都是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)歷史上(shang)(shang)有名人物(wu)。漁，是(shi)(shi)(shi)漢光武帝時隱士(shi)嚴子(zi)陵。樵，是(shi)(shi)(shi)西漢名宦朱買臣，五十(shi)歲之前打柴，也(ye)有說是(shi)(shi)(shi)神仙劉海。耕，是(shi)(shi)(shi)舜帝，他(ta)曾躬耕于(yu)歷山。讀(du)，指的是(shi)(shi)(shi)“六國(guo)拜相”的蘇秦。后(hou)壁(bi)雀替，左(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“天官賜福”，右為(wei)(wei)(wei)“蟾(chan)宮折桂(gui)”。說的是(shi)(shi)(shi)八月鄉試中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)舉，折桂(gui)慶賀{折桂(gui)花插(cha)于(yu)冠(guan)（帽）者稱(cheng)桂(gui)冠(guan)}。后(hou)壁(bi)壁(bi)掛，左(zuo)邊三(san)(san)只(zhi)金(jin),錢豹上(shang)(shang)空有喜(xi)鵲(que)歡叫(jiao)，寓(yu)意(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“三(san)(san)元報喜(xi)”。右圖案為(wei)(wei)(wei)馬、喜(xi)鵲(que)、鹿、麒(qi)麟，寓(yu)意(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“馬上(shang)(shang)有喜(xi)”、“鹿在堂中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”、“麒(qi)麟獻瑞”。總(zong)的意(yi)思(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)女兒出(chu)嫁，早產麒(qi)兒，科(ke)考及第，官祿（鹿）終（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）身。內軒(xuan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)閨(gui)房，有床(chuang)、櫥、桌、椅、春凳。床(chuang)以木架連頂，稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“梁床(chuang)”，上(shang)(shang)欄(lan)板(ban)(ban)雕(diao)刻(ke)(ke)圖：中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“郭子(zi)儀上(shang)(shang)壽圖”。郭子(zi)儀是(shi)(shi)(shi)唐朝(chao)戰功顯赫(he)的大將，封(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)汾陽王，有八子(zi)七婿(xu)拜壽。左(zuo)圖為(wei)(wei)(wei)“加官（冠(guan)）進爵”，右圖為(wei)(wei)(wei)“五子(zi)登(deng)科(ke)”。

樓(lou)下(xia)為“畫(hua)堂廳”，左(zuo)邊雀(que)替為“獅立松下(xia)”寓意為太（土）獅（師(shi)）立刻要(yao)生(sheng)（松）下(xia)（小）獅（師(shi)）。右邊雀(que)替是“鹿(lu)來(lai)富(fu)貴(gui)”，鹿(lu)，諧音祿。邊窗構圖(tu)為“柳(liu)條喜字格”，掛絡(luo)中嵌“卷草如意龍鳳旗”，是尚書后代民國(guo)時重(zhong)新裝修(xiu)的產(chan)物。

忠義堂

忠義堂這(zhe)是(shi)一處紀(ji)念有惠于(yu)胡(hu)家人士的居宅。

第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，茅(mao)(mao)坤，前面(mian)已介(jie)紹過(guo)，他(ta)與(yu)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)同(tong)榜進(jin)士，曾(ceng)官(guan)大名(ming)兵備副(fu)使，罷官(guan)后(hou)(hou)入宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)幕府(fu)(fu)(fu)，嘉清四(si)十(shi)四(si)年(nian)（1565）十(shi)月，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)家(jia)(jia)(jia)鄉(xiang)被(bei)(bei)捕，解押(ya)至京時(shi)，茅(mao)(mao)坤為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奔走(zou)呼號，鳴(ming)(ming)冤(yuan)(yuan)叫屈。并(bing)(bing)向胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)繼任(ren)者(zhe)趙孔昭(zhao)上書(shu)(shu)(shu)，請(qing)其從(cong)(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)斡旋，謀取解救辦法(fa)。雖(sui)(sui)然未能奏效，忠義之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)卻是(shi)可表(biao)(biao)。第(di)(di)(di)二位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徐渭，得(de)知胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)死(si)(si)(si)(si)訊悲憤(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)難(nan)抑，以巨椎剌(la)耳，剌(la)腎囊自殺，皆不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)死(si)(si)(si)(si)，常痛(tong)少保公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)死(si)(si)(si)(si)而(er)力(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能報，便將(jiang)憤(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)懣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情注入詩(shi)畫(hua)，如畫(hua)雪壓梅竹圖，題詩(shi)云：“云中(zhong)(zhong)老檜與(yu)天(tian)齊，滕六(liu)寒威一(yi)(yi)手提(ti)，折(zhe)竹折(zhe)梅因底(di)(di)事(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)留(liu)一(yi)(yi)葉(xie)與(yu)山溪(xi)(xi)(xi)”。第(di)(di)(di)三位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)耿(geng)(geng)定(ding)向，也是(shi)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)幕僚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)，嘉靖四(si)十(shi)五年(nian)，就是(shi)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)死(si)(si)(si)(si)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)(di)二年(nian)八月，耿(geng)(geng)定(ding)向視學(xue)徽州(zhou)，看到(dao)(dao)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)靈柩被(bei)(bei)棄于(yu)(yu)寧(ning)國(guo)(guo)府(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)(yi)處道(dao)路邊(bian)茅(mao)(mao)屋下(xia)(xia)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禁吃驚，傷心(xin)(xin)落淚，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能自已。胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)靈柩如何(he)會棄置(zhi)于(yu)(yu)寧(ning)國(guo)(guo)路上呢？原來，當(dang)日宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)次子松(song)奇(qi)護送父親(qin)(qin)靈柩回績(ji)(ji)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)老家(jia)(jia)(jia)安(an)葬(zang)，走(zou)到(dao)(dao)寧(ning)國(guo)(guo)道(dao)中(zhong)(zhong)，忽(hu)聽說(shuo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)已被(bei)(bei)知府(fu)(fu)(fu)何(he)東(dong)(dong)序(xu)查(cha)抄，親(qin)(qin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)全逮(dai)入徽州(zhou)府(fu)(fu)(fu)牢獄，只好將(jiang)父親(qin)(qin)靈柩暫(zan)寄路旁(pang)茅(mao)(mao)屋下(xia)(xia)，遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)遁避(bi)禍。耿(geng)(geng)定(ding)向發現后(hou)(hou)，立即派人(ren)(ren)(ren)將(jiang)靈柩移(yi)至績(ji)(ji)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)縣城郊和尚寺里(li)暫(zan)時(shi)安(an)放。且親(qin)(qin)自祭(ji)(ji)奠，撫棺痛(tong)哭。第(di)(di)(di)四(si)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)績(ji)(ji)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)縣知且郁蘭。甘(gan)胃罷官(guan)問(wen)罪的(de)(de)(de)危險，極(ji)力(li)保護胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)家(jia)(jia)(jia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)、家(jia)(jia)(jia)產，他(ta)對(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)說(shuo)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)捍(han)海之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可泯滅。第(di)(di)(di)五位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)沈明(ming)臣(chen)，也是(shi)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)幕僚，曾(ceng)來績(ji)(ji)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)哭悼，且親(qin)(qin)作《少保胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)公并(bing)(bing)序(xu)》和《狐憤(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)詩(shi)》，抒發心(xin)(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)對(dui)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)懷念，對(dui)陷(xian)(xian)害者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)憤(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)懣。第(di)(di)(di)六(liu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)歙縣大學(xue)士許(xu)國(guo)(guo)（時(shi)任(ren)庶吉士），兵部侍(shi)郎鮑象賢，聯絡徽州(zhou)縉紳(shen)公祭(ji)(ji)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，許(xu)國(guo)(guo)起(qi)草了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)篇令人(ren)(ren)(ren)聲泣俱(ju)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)祭(ji)(ji)文，對(dui)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)捍(han)海之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)給(gei)予充分肯定(ding)，對(dui)他(ta)有(you)(you)功(gong)(gong)遇(yu)害的(de)(de)(de)命運表(biao)(biao)示了(le)(le)(le)(le)深(shen)深(shen)的(de)(de)(de)惋惜，祭(ji)(ji)文發出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)“夫(fu)生而(er)無(wu)(wu)樹，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)若有(you)(you)樹而(er)死(si)(si)(si)(si)，榮而(er)無(wu)(wu)聞，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)若有(you)(you)聞而(er)辱”的(de)(de)(de)贊嘆。許(xu)國(guo)(guo)、鮑象賢等徽州(zhou)縉紳(shen)的(de)(de)(de)公祭(ji)(ji)，無(wu)(wu)疑(yi)對(dui)構陷(xian)(xian)者(zhe)響起(qi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)抗(kang)議(yi)的(de)(de)(de)驚雷！第(di)(di)(di)七(qi)(qi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)福(fu)建巡(xun)撫歙縣汪(wang)(wang)道(dao)昆(kun)，他(ta)曾(ceng)經在(zai)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)領導下(xia)(xia)參(can)加抗(kang)倭戰爭，他(ta)為(wei)(wei)(wei)沈明(ming)臣(chen)《孤憤(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)集》作序(xu)，公開為(wei)(wei)(wei)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鳴(ming)(ming)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)平(ping)(ping)，并(bing)(bing)一(yi)(yi)口氣(qi)寫(xie)了(le)(le)(le)(le)七(qi)(qi)首孤憤(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)詩(shi)，其中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)句：“蓋棺亦已矣，眾口猶雌黃，一(yi)(yi)歌再三嘆，鳴(ming)(ming)咽不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成章，天(tian)末起(qi)悲風，蕭(xiao)蕭(xiao)吹白楊，抬魂竟(jing)何(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，吾欲(yu)問(wen)巫(wu)陽(yang)”。表(biao)(biao)達了(le)(le)(le)(le)對(dui)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)深(shen)篤(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情。萬歷(li)(li)(li)十(shi)六(liu)年(nian)（1588），汪(wang)(wang)道(dao)昆(kun)修(xiu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)封(feng)(feng)給(gei)同(tong)鄉(xiang)許(xu)國(guo)(guo)，請(qing)求(qiu)他(ta)向萬歷(li)(li)(li)皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)進(jin)言，為(wei)(wei)(wei)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)徹底(di)(di)平(ping)(ping)反，萬歷(li)(li)(li)皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)賜“祭(ji)(ji)文”、“謚(shi)(shi)文”，追贈胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)謚(shi)(shi)號“襄(xiang)懋”。第(di)(di)(di)八位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兵科給(gei)事(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)劉伯燮(xie)，于(yu)(yu)明(ming)隆(long)(long)慶(qing)(qing)六(liu)年(nian)，也是(shi)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)冤(yuan)(yuan)死(si)(si)(si)(si)七(qi)(qi)周年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際(ji)，向隆(long)(long)慶(qing)(qing)皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)上疏，將(jiang)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)恢復河(he)套功(gong)(gong)臣(chen)曾(ceng)銑(xian)并(bing)(bing)列(lie)，請(qing)求(qiu)朝廷為(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)(ping)反昭(zhao)雪，隆(long)(long)慶(qing)(qing)帝(di)(di)(di)恢復了(le)(le)(le)(le)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生前的(de)(de)(de)職務，并(bing)(bing)賜國(guo)(guo)祭(ji)(ji)。這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)明(ming)王朝對(dui)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)初(chu)步平(ping)(ping)反，對(dui)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)謚(shi)(shi)、家(jia)(jia)(jia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)后(hou)(hou)代的(de)(de)(de)封(feng)(feng)蔭仍留(liu)尾巴。直(zhi)到(dao)(dao)萬歷(li)(li)(li)十(shi)六(liu)年(nian)汪(wang)(wang)道(dao)昆(kun)通過(guo)許(xu)國(guo)(guo)上奏萬歷(li)(li)(li)皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)，獲得(de)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步平(ping)(ping)反，萬歷(li)(li)(li)帝(di)(di)(di)全面(mian)肯定(ding)了(le)(le)(le)(le)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)抗(kang)倭功(gong)(gong)績(ji)(ji)。并(bing)(bing)追贈了(le)(le)(le)(le)謚(shi)(shi)號和御葬(zang)，但對(dui)子孫封(feng)(feng)蔭仍未考慮。第(di)(di)(di)九位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)江西(xi)監(jian)察(cha)御史(shi)朱鳳翔(xiang)，他(ta)于(yu)(yu)萬歷(li)(li)(li)二十(shi)四(si)年(nian)（1596）也就是(shi)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)冤(yuan)(yuan)死(si)(si)(si)(si)31年(nian)后(hou)(hou)，上疏為(wei)(wei)(wei)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鳴(ming)(ming)冤(yuan)(yuan)，并(bing)(bing)提(ti)及后(hou)(hou)代恩蔭問(wen)題。朱鳳翔(xiang)在(zai)疏中(zhong)(zhong)把胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)于(yu)(yu)謙并(bing)(bing)列(lie)，說(shuo)“于(yu)(yu)謙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)，功(gong)(gong)在(zai)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)廟(miao)，宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)，功(gong)(gong)在(zai)東(dong)(dong)南，于(yu)(yu)謙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品，白璧無(wu)(wu)瑕(xia)，宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品，瑕(xia)瑜不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)掩(yan)”，說(shuo)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品雖(sui)(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如于(yu)(yu)謙那么(me)(me)白璧無(wu)(wu)瑕(xia)，但比那些猥(wei)瑣齷齪施逆(ni)小人(ren)(ren)(ren)又有(you)(you)天(tian)壤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)別，他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)勛遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)遠(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)大于(yu)(yu)過(guo)失(shi)，認為(wei)(wei)(wei)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)于(yu)(yu)謙是(shi)“忠勛最著者(zhe)二臣(chen)”，把胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)提(ti)到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)更(geng)高的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)地(di)(di)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。萬歷(li)(li)(li)皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)閱(yue)奏后(hou)(hou)立即下(xia)(xia)旨(zhi)，蔭封(feng)(feng)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)子孫世襲錦衣衛(wei)指揮同(tong)知，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)冤(yuan)(yuan)案(an)至此(ci)，終于(yu)(yu)獲得(de)徹底(di)(di)平(ping)(ping)反。第(di)(di)(di)十(shi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)尚書(shu)(shu)(shu)府(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)失(shi)去姓氏的(de)(de)(de)老管家(jia)(jia)(jia)。從(cong)(cong)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上溯，家(jia)(jia)(jia)族七(qi)(qi)世同(tong)居，至胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)仍有(you)(you)800多畝田地(di)(di)，這(zhe)(zhe)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管家(jia)(jia)(jia)至少忠心(xin)(xin)耿(geng)(geng)耿(geng)(geng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)服侍(shi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)四(si)代人(ren)(ren)(ren)。胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被(bei)(bei)逮(dai)捕，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)被(bei)(bei)封(feng)(feng)門查(cha)抄的(de)(de)(de)艱難(nan)情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，其他(ta)仆佃下(xia)(xia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)星(xing)散，唯獨(du)這(zhe)(zhe)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)老管家(jia)(jia)(jia)堅(jian)持不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)走(zou)，他(ta)細心(xin)(xin)地(di)(di)藏匿起(qi)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)各種(zhong)文書(shu)(shu)(shu)資(zi)料，無(wu)(wu)數(shu)次受到(dao)(dao)官(guan)府(fu)(fu)(fu)刑罰，抵死(si)(si)(si)(si)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)交，表(biao)(biao)現了(le)(le)(le)(le)忠貞事(shi)(shi)主的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)節，深(shen)受胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)和鄉(xiang)里(li)敬重(zhong)。簡(jian)單(dan)地(di)(di)介(jie)紹了(le)(le)(le)(le)十(shi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)家(jia)(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)關人(ren)(ren)(ren)士事(shi)(shi)跡(ji)，各位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)當(dang)已明(ming)白，后(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)什么(me)(me)要(yao)設立這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)忠義堂原由了(le)(le)(le)(le)吧。無(wu)(wu)論什么(me)(me)朝代，忠與(yu)義與(yu)日月同(tong)輝！無(wu)(wu)論什么(me)(me)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)功(gong)(gong)過(guo)，有(you)(you)山河(he)見證，后(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)評說(shuo)!

寒香園

園(yuan)之(zhi)后端(duan)有(you)小巷(xiang)通幽，寒(han)香(xiang)園(yuan)內置(zhi)有(you)花(hua)壇，栽(zai)有(you)吉(ji)祥竹(zhu)(zhu)木，計有(you)佛(fo)(fo)手(shou)一（待補(bu)）、麻櫟—（麻櫟，民(min)間俗(su)稱(cheng)澤(ze)(ze)（樟(zhang)）樹(shu)，多籽）、紫(zi)藤(teng)(teng)—（紫(zi)藤(teng)(teng)花(hua)紫(zi)色，花(hua)香(xiang)逸紫(zi)氣，花(hua)芙內有(you)珠豆，寓為“朱（珠）紫(zi)”，有(you)些場(chang)合(he)亦(yi)以紫(zi)作（子解）羅(luo)漢竹(zhu)(zhu)一，（羅(luo)漢竹(zhu)(zhu)以基部竹(zhu)(zhu)節鼓如羅(luo)漢菩薩(sa)而名，故又名佛(fo)(fo)面竹(zhu)(zhu)）。四(si)種木竹(zhu)(zhu)合(he)寓：“福（佛(fo)(fo)手(shou)）澤(ze)(ze)（澤(ze)(ze)樹(shu)）子（紫(zi)藤(teng)(teng)）孫(sun)（筍(sun)）”。園(yuan)中還(huan)有(you)一件珍貴(gui)古(gu)董(dong)——唐(tang)代千年浴佛(fo)(fo)缸，這是胡(hu)氏(shi)家族從龍(long)須山“龍(long)臺古(gu)寺(si)”里(li)請來(lai)的(de)和尚圓寂坐化之(zhi)缸，缸口有(you)圈跡，便于(yu)蓋上頂缸。兩(liang)年后開缸，茗和尚遺體(ti)未腐，即(ji)裝金掛彩供于(yu)廟堂，就(jiu)是“肉身佛(fo)(fo)菩薩(sa)”。據說(shuo)，使用此缸的(de)正是一位得(de)道(dao)高僧，裝金供奉后，靈爽不(bu)睞，常顯(xian)影于(yu)缸壁。主(zhu)人訪得(de)后，貯半缸清水供佛(fo)(fo)沐浴，養(yang)幾(ji)尾魚(yu)以為佛(fo)(fo)之(zhi)精魄。據說(shuo)運(yun)氣好(hao)的(de)人可(ke)以見到(dao)缸壁佛(fo)(fo)影，各(ge)位如有(you)興，不(bu)妨試(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)運(yun)氣。

傍邊有苦楝樹一(yi)根，側(ce)根深至(zhi)寒香園(yuan)內，有“葉落歸根”一(yi)說。徽州人(ren)把祖(zu)宗根脈看得很重。

觀音堂

觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)堂又稱“佛園(yuan)”，是尚書府(fu)族人(ren)(ren)禮佛拜觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)的地(di)方(fang)(fang)，據(ju)說是胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)奉母命設立。胡(hu)母一(yi)(yi)生信奉觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)，吃(chi)齋念(nian)佛不(bu)(bu)斷。父(fu)親樂(le)山公(gong)是藥店倌，為(wei)人(ren)(ren)樂(le)善好(hao)施，常(chang)為(wei)貧者施藥，口(kou)碑(bei)極好(hao)。有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)夜，胡(hu)母夢(meng)見自己在(zai)佛園(yuan)念(nian)經(jing)(jing)，忽(hu)見觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)起身(shen)(shen)(shen)，步(bu)下蓮座，把(ba)一(yi)(yi)個男(nan)童遞到(dao)(dao)(dao)她手上(shang)(shang)，并說了(le)(le)兩(liang)句偈語：“先(xian)從(cong)水(shui)，后(hou)從(cong)龍(long)”。胡(hu)母不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何意，待(dai)向(xiang)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)詢(xun)問，卻(que)被(bei)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)輕(qing)輕(qing)一(yi)(yi)推，登時(shi)驚醒，始知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)夢(meng)。又據(ju)《忠敬堂匯錄·胡(hu)襄(xiang)懋公(gong)傳》載(zai)：明正德七年九月(yue)二十(shi)六(liu)日(ri)（1512年11月(yue)4日(ri)），樂(le)山公(gong)夢(meng)見一(yi)(yi)白衣尚書穿堂而過(guo)，醒來(lai)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)就呱呱墜地(di)。父(fu)母因有(you)(you)兩(liang)次(ci)夢(meng)異(yi)，對胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)愛(ai)于掌上(shang)(shang)明珠。可是請教了(le)(le)許(xu)(xu)多(duo)人(ren)(ren)都不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)偈語何所指(zhi)。一(yi)(yi)拖十(shi)來(lai)年，有(you)(you)游方(fang)(fang)道(dao)士經(jing)(jing)過(guo)，一(yi)(yi)見胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)即(ji)說此子(zi)不(bu)(bu)凡。并指(zhi)點說：“先(xian)從(cong)水(shui)，后(hou)從(cong)龍(long)”，就是要先(xian)到(dao)(dao)(dao)帶水(shui)字(zi)的地(di)方(fang)(fang)念(nian)書打基礎(chu)，再(zai)到(dao)(dao)(dao)帶龍(long)字(zi)的地(di)方(fang)(fang)文武兼修。于是胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被(bei)送到(dao)(dao)(dao)許(xu)(xu)姓聚落坎頭(tou)村的“澗州書院”念(nian)書，因為(wei)“澗”字(zi)帶有(you)(you)三點水(shui)。一(yi)(yi)年后(hou)返(fan)回龍(long)川，續讀于龍(long)須山上(shang)(shang)的“龍(long)巖書院”。書院附(fu)近有(you)(you)“龍(long)臺古寺”，方(fang)(fang)丈乃(nai)武學高人(ren)(ren)，于是胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)得(de)(de)便(bian)從(cong)方(fang)(fang)丈習武。期間(jian)，胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)誤(wu)吃(chi)了(le)(le)“蛇跌鱉(bie)”，全靠(kao)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)搭救(jiu)才沒(mei)中毒(du)(du)身(shen)(shen)(shen)亡(wang)。蛇跌鱉(bie)，看似鱉(bie)，卻(que)是一(yi)(yi)種毒(du)(du)蛇妖化而成(cheng)，奇毒(du)(du)無比。那(nei)天，胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)剛挾起鱉(bie)頭(tou)準備(bei)吃(chi)，就被(bei)一(yi)(yi)條野(ye)狗搶走，他只吃(chi)下鱉(bie)身(shen)(shen)(shen)。食后(hou)片刻(ke)即(ji)渾身(shen)(shen)(shen)火熱難耐，眼(yan)前(qian)一(yi)(yi)黑便(bian)昏(hun)倒(dao)在(zai)地(di)，不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)了(le)(le)多(duo)少(shao)時(shi)候，胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)忽(hu)被(bei)人(ren)(ren)推醒，起身(shen)(shen)(shen)一(yi)(yi)看，一(yi)(yi)位(wei)慈眉善目(mu)的中年婦人(ren)(ren)漸漸遠(yuan)去。他拔腿就追，只覺得(de)(de)渾身(shen)(shen)(shen)是勁，腳步(bu)如(ru)飛，但是追了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)段路(lu)，那(nei)婦人(ren)(ren)忽(hu)然(ran)(ran)不(bu)(bu)見，只見搶他鱉(bie)頭(tou)的那(nei)條野(ye)狗倒(dao)斃路(lu)旁(pang)，頭(tou)腫大得(de)(de)如(ru)“官斗(dou)”，胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)倒(dao)吸一(yi)(yi)口(kou)冷(leng)氣(qi)，看看自己身(shen)(shen)(shen)體忽(hu)然(ran)(ran)粗(cu)壯了(le)(le)許(xu)(xu)多(duo)，只有(you)(you)頭(tou)小如(ru)故(gu)，始知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自己逃過(guo)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)劫(jie)。從(cong)此，“觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)救(jiu)小頭(tou)胡(hu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”便(bian)成(cheng)了(le)(le)績溪(xi)人(ren)(ren)背后(hou)議論的話題，代(dai)代(dai)流傳至今。而且代(dai)代(dai)都有(you)(you)許(xu)(xu)多(duo)人(ren)(ren)慕名來(lai)到(dao)(dao)(dao)尚書府(fu)，請求一(yi)(yi)拜靈驗的觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)，許(xu)(xu)愿(yuan)還(huan)愿(yuan)。直到(dao)(dao)(dao)民國，這里還(huan)是香火旺盛。我們景區(qu)恢復，開放觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)音(yin)(yin)堂后(hou)，也有(you)(you)許(xu)(xu)多(duo)信佛、知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情的游客(ke)，自買(mai)香紙拜佛許(xu)(xu)愿(yuan)。

梅林學堂

梅(mei)林(lin)學(xue)堂是(shi)尚書府(fu)后人設立(li)的(de)(de)家(jia)塾(shu)、以胡宗憲之號(hao)冠名(ming)，俗(su)稱(cheng)蒙(meng)館(guan)或蒙(meng)童館(guan)，就是(shi)私塾(shu)，為明、清以來(lai)徽(hui)州民(min)間主(zhu)要的(de)(de)辦(ban)學(xue)形(xing)式。古徽(hui)州號(hao)稱(cheng)“東(dong)南(nan)鄒魯”、“禮儀之邦”，歷來(lai)重視培(pei)養子弟讀(du)(du)書上(shang)進，做生意(yi)的(de)(de)故(gu)然(ran)“賈而(er)好儒”，務農的(de)(de)也堅持“耕讀(du)(du)傳家(jia)”。有民(min)謠說“三代不讀(du)(du)書，等于(yu)一窩豬”。所以蒙(meng)童館(guan)之類(lei)遍及村坊山莊，有“十戶之村，不廢(fei)誦讀(du)(du)”的(de)(de)美譽。

我們(men)先(xian)(xian)(xian)來(lai)看(kan)看(kan)學堂屋的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)部(bu)件寓(yu)意。前(qian)小(xiao)門上格雕(diao)刻的(de)(de)(de)是“五(wu)福（蝠(fu)(fu)）南瑞”，中隔板是“博(bo)(bo)古(gu)(gu)架”圖案(an)，暗含“博(bo)(bo)古(gu)(gu)通(tong)今”的(de)(de)(de)祝愿(yuan)。小(xiao)門樓橫(heng)額板中有三蝙蝠(fu)(fu)，這是象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)福祿壽。右為(wei)荷花，暗喻“君子(zi)”，左為(wei)“牡丹”，象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)“富貴”。館(guan)前(qian)中雀替雕(diao)的(de)(de)(de)是變形魁星面具(ju)，希望子(zi)弟(di)讀(du)書奪魁。館(guan)中上方脊下有象(xiang)形斗拱枋六個，暗喻天(tian)時(shi)、地利、人(ren)和(he)六象(xiang)。同(tong)時(shi)“象(xiang)”也與(yu)諧音(yin)“相”，昭示在這里讀(du)書的(de)(de)(de)將(jiang)來(lai)都是相公。兩根(gen)中脊柱(zhu)下是“聚寶(bao)盆”柱(zhu)托(tuo)，下面是“梁馱元寶(bao)”，雕(diao)的(de)(de)(de)也是“博(bo)(bo)古(gu)(gu)”圖案(an)。館(guan)內書櫥、書箱(xiang)、博(bo)(bo)古(gu)(gu)架、幾(ji)案(an)等皆按原貌陳設(she)，上首(shou)正(zheng)中為(wei)蒙館(guan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)生位，案(an)上除(chu)筆墨書本外，尚有紅木戒(jie)尺一把，學生課業不精者，先(xian)(xian)(xian)生即持戒(jie)尺打(da)手板打(da)屁股(gu)，顯示先(xian)(xian)(xian)生的(de)(de)(de)威嚴。《三字(zi)經》說：“子(zi)不教(jiao)，父之(zhi)過，教(jiao)不嚴，師之(zhi)惰”。

梅林學(xue)堂以(yi)《三(san)字經》《百家(jia)姓》《千字文》《千家(jia)詩》《大學(xue)》《中(zhong)庸》《論語》《孟子》等為(wei)教(jiao)材，集體或(huo)個別(bie)傳授，灌(guan)輸儒家(jia)思想，是(shi)胡氏子孫接(jie)受(shou)最(zui)初(chu)的啟蒙教(jiao)育的地方。希望子弟以(yi)先祖(zu)為(wei)榜樣。

鹿鳴軒

鹿鳴軒三間兩閣廂結(jie)構，但外形和裝(zhuang)修稍(shao)有不(bu)(bu)同(tong)。首(shou)先屋(wu)頂為船(chuan)艙形，屋(wu)內樓(lou)上(shang)下堂(tang)“跑(pao)馬樓(lou)廊”有幾(ji)扇(shan)窗(chuang)子(zi)，上(shang)堂(tang)全封閉不(bu)(bu)設窗(chuang)，天(tian)(tian)井(jing)也較狹窄，呈一線天(tian)(tian)。這幢房子(zi)是(shi)胡宗(zong)憲第四(si)次(ci)回鄉(xiang)(xiang)設計(ji)建造的，并在這里度(du)過了一年多的歲(sui)月。屋(wu)如(ru)船(chuan)形，是(shi)紀念(nian)他(ta)輝煌的海戰(zhan)事業，身在家(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)，心(xin)系戰(zhan)船(chuan)。天(tian)(tian)井(jing)狹小，表示曾經命懸(xuan)一線，同(tong)時感激(ji)明世宗(zong)一線天(tian)(tian)恩，得(de)以(yi)余生。右閣廂后(hou)置暗(an)室，便于藏(zang)匿一些重(zhong)要物品。

中(zhong)軒廳(ting)右為(wei)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)書(shu)房，掛(gua)絡瓶式門，寓“平(ping)安”。左(zuo)為(wei)臥(wo)室。房門的一(yi)組雕(diao)(diao)刻也頗(po)具(ju)匠心(xin)。請看上方(fang)雕(diao)(diao)菊、牡(mu)丹、荷(he)、梅四季花(hua)卉。古(gu)人(ren)稱“菊同隱(yin)逸(yi)之士”，古(gu)代隱(yin)逸(yi)山(shan)野的名人(ren)都(dou)(dou)種菊，較有(you)氣(qi)節的陶(tao)淵明有(you)詩(shi)“采菊東籬(li)下，悠然見南山(shan)”，隱(yin)喻胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)將效陶(tao)淵明，歸隱(yin)山(shan)野，終(zhong)其一(yi)生(sheng)。牡(mu)丹，象(xiang)征(zheng)富貴，隱(yin)喻胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)的地位。荷(he)為(wei)花(hua)中(zhong)君子，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)以(yi)(yi)此自(zi)勉。梅，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)號梅林，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)每(mei)以(yi)(yi)梅開百花(hua)凋(diao)自(zi)況。這里有(you)一(yi)組鄉(xiang)居圖，也可視為(wei)胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)平(ping)寫照。第(di)(di)一(yi)幅(fu)“拜寺(si)(si)圖”，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)曾(ceng)在龍(long)須(xu)山(shan)“龍(long)巖(yan)書(shu)院”讀過(guo)書(shu)，龍(long)巖(yan)書(shu)院附近(jin)有(you)龍(long)臺古(gu)寺(si)(si)，方(fang)丈是(shi)武學(xue)高人(ren)，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)曾(ceng)跟他練(lian)武，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)每(mei)次回(hui)鄉(xiang)都(dou)(dou)要去拜謁方(fang)丈和(he)尚(shang)。第(di)(di)二幅(fu)“見親(qin)圖”，喻胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)拜見母(mu)親(qin)，他對生(sheng)母(mu)和(he)繼母(mu)都(dou)(dou)很孝順。第(di)(di)三(san)幅(fu)“會友圖”，每(mei)當親(qin)友前來(lai)探望，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)都(dou)(dou)置(zhi)酒盛情(qing)款待(dai)。第(di)(di)四幅(fu)“送別圖”，胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)第(di)(di)一(yi)次探親(qin)返(fan)任，夫人(ren)章氏抱幼子送別于十里長亭(ting)。中(zhong)欄圖是(shi)一(yi)組戲(xi)劇故事，每(mei)副都(dou)(dou)有(you)人(ren)跪(gui)著或被反綁雙手于身后，大致有(you)《群英會》，錯斬蔡瑁、張允，《黃(huang)鶴樓》周(zhou)瑜欲殺劉備，《風(feng)波亭(ting)》秦檜以(yi)(yi)莫(mo)須(xu)有(you)罪名謀殺岳飛等(deng)等(deng)。隱(yin)喻了奸佞小人(ren)謀害忠良的主題(ti)，表達了胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)宗(zong)(zong)憲(xian)(xian)(xian)悲(bei)憤(fen)心(xin)情(qing)。

實用信息

旅游攻略

外部交通

績溪是國(guo)(guo)(guo)家歷史(shi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)名城，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家生態(tai)示(shi)范縣，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)徽菜之鄉，奧運火(huo)炬傳遞城市，是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)真正的風水寶地。人才(cai)輩出，有胡總書記、一代文(wen)(wen)豪胡適、紅(hong)頂商人胡雪巖(yan)、兵(bing)部尚書抗倭(wo)名臣胡宗憲、制墨大(da)師胡開文(wen)(wen)等。

績溪交(jiao)通便利，215、217省道、皖贛(gan)鐵路貫穿(chuan)縣境(jing)，績溪火車(che)站為(wei)國家二級站。績黃(huang)高速直達徽杭高速，距合銅黃(huang)高速出口(kou)35公里，距黃(huang)山(shan)機場(chang)60公里，揚（州）績（溪）高速正在建設(she)中。

上(shang)海方向至(zhi)績(ji)(ji)溪(xi)：申(shen)蘇(su)浙皖高速(su)(su)經(jing)(jing)蘇(su)州、湖州至(zhi)廣(guang)德(de)下(xia)(xia)，經(jing)(jing)寧國至(zhi)績(ji)(ji)溪(xi)；或滬杭(hang)高速(su)(su)、徽杭(hang)高速(su)(su)經(jing)(jing)杭(hang)州，歙縣(xian)下(xia)(xia)至(zhi)績(ji)(ji)溪(xi)。380公(gong)里，車程(cheng)約(yue)4.5-5小時

南(nan)京方(fang)向至績溪(xi)：經馬鞍山(shan)、蕪湖、宣(xuan)城東(dong)下，經寧國之績溪(xi)；或經高淳、溧水、郎溪(xi)十字鋪(pu)、宣(xuan)城，經寧國至績溪(xi)。280公里，車(che)程(cheng)約3.5-4小時

杭州至績溪：徽杭高速(su)經(jing)臨安，歙縣下至績溪，240公里，車程約(yue)2.5-3小(xiao)時(shi)。

合肥之(zhi)績溪：合銅黃高速經銅陵、九華山至(zhi)巖寺下，經歙縣至(zhi)績溪，330公里，車(che)程(cheng)約4-4.5小時.

景德鎮(zhen)至績溪(xi)(xi)：景婺(wu)黃(huang)高速經(jing)婺(wu)源至休寧五城下，經(jing)黃(huang)山(shan)市(shi)、歙縣至績溪(xi)(xi)，230公里，車程約3-3.5小時(shi)。

內部交通

龍(long)川胡宗憲尚書府(fu)景區距績溪(xi)縣城(cheng)11公里，公交(jiao)車(che)直達（20分鐘(zhong)一班），龍(long)川車(che)站（橋頭）沿公路前(qian)行(xing)200米。票價：2元/人。

龍川胡宗(zong)憲尚(shang)書府景(jing)區前行(xing)3公里即到太極湖村景(jing)區。在(zai)績溪車站乘(cheng)伏嶺或胡家班車（20分鐘一班），到石門外(wai)下，左(zuo)轉前行(xing)500米。或乘(cheng)上午(wu)9：30分至石門班車可直達票房。票價：5元(yuan)/人。

酒店

績溪(xi)賓館（三星）地(di)址(zhi)：績溪(xi)縣適之街

績溪徽商大酒店（三星）地(di)址：績溪縣文峰路

績(ji)溪光明(ming)大(da)酒(jiu)店（二(er)星） 地址：績(ji)溪縣文峰路(lu)

績(ji)溪胡仕大酒店（準三(san)） 地址(zhi)：績(ji)溪縣楊之北(bei)路

績溪勞模商務酒店（準三） 地址(zhi)：績溪縣環城路

績(ji)溪光明(ming)大酒店（二星） 地址：績(ji)溪縣花園(yuan)

績溪(xi)誠意賓館(guan)（準(zhun)二） 地址(zhi)：績溪(xi)縣文(wen)峰路

績溪錦江(jiang)快(kuai)捷酒店（準二(er)） 地(di)址：績溪縣汽車(che)站對面

績溪躍(yue)宇(yu)大酒店（準(zhun)二） 地址：績溪縣汽車站對面路(lu)

餐飲

皖南人家大酒店（徽菜名(ming)店）地址：縣(xian)城

紅泥美(mei)食坊 地址(zhi)：縣城

湖(hu)村人家(jia)土(tu)菜館 地址：太極湖(hu)村景區(qu)

清(qing)涼峰大(da)酒店 地址：水村（鄣山大(da)峽谷）

古月樓酒店 地址：龍川

線路

魅力績溪之旅

A、 龍川(chuan)胡宗憲尚書府――太(tai)極(ji)湖(hu)村――三雕博物館（免費）

B、 龍川胡宗憲尚書府――太極(ji)湖(hu)村――古孔靈浧(ying)坡莊園（地主莊園）

皖南紅色之旅

D1、中午(wu)到績溪(xi)，游覽龍(long)川胡宗(zong)憲尚(shang)書府――太極湖村

D2、赴(fu)涇縣(xian)云嶺，游覽(lan)新(xin)四軍軍部舊址(zhi)（免費）。

徽文化之旅

D1、中午到績溪(xi)，游覽龍川(chuan)胡宗憲尚書府――太極(ji)湖村(cun)――古(gu)孔靈浧坡莊園（地主莊園）D2、游覽潛口民宅（4A 免費(fei)）

皖南風情之旅

D1、中午到績(ji)溪，游覽龍川胡宗憲尚書府――太極(ji)湖村

D2、赴寧國，游覽東津河漂流――恩(en)龍世界木(mu)屋(wu)村

偉人家鄉特色(se)之旅

D1、中午到(dao)績溪，游(you)覽(lan)龍(long)川胡宗憲尚書府――太極湖村

D2、赴旌德，游覽江村

重(zhong)走徽商路 重(zhong)溫徽商情

D1、中(zhong)午到績溪，游(you)覽(lan)龍川胡(hu)宗憲(xian)尚書府(fu)――太(tai)極(ji)湖村

D2、徒步行走徽(hui)杭(hang)古道、江南第一關、藍天凹(ao)

績溪(xi)周邊其他景(jing)點：黃山(shan)風(feng)(feng)景(jing)區、九華山(shan)風(feng)(feng)景(jing)區、太平湖(hu)風(feng)(feng)景(jing)區、西遞、宏村、牯牛降、婺源、花山(shan)謎窟、棠樾牌坊群、齊云(yun)山(shan)、鄣(zhang)山(shan)大峽(xia)谷等。

其他

伏嶺鎮(zhen)為(wei)徽(hui)(hui)菜、徽(hui)(hui)劇發源地，為(wei)中(zhong)國優秀(xiu)旅游鄉鎮(zhen)。

徽(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)菜(cai)是中國八大菜(cai)系之(zhi)一，源于位(wei)于皖南山(shan)區、黃山(shan)腳下的(de)(de)(de)徽(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)商(shang)故里安徽(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)省績(ji)(ji)溪縣，素以(yi)“講究用油用色重火功，擅長烹調(diao)(diao)山(shan)珍海(hai)味、善于保持(chi)原汁原味”的(de)(de)(de)特點著稱于飲食市場。毛主(zhu)席詩詞中《水調(diao)(diao)歌(ge)頭·游泳》中“才(cai)飲長江水，又食武(wu)昌(chang)魚(yu)”的(de)(de)(de)武(wu)昌(chang)魚(yu)就(jiu)是武(wu)漢老(lao)徽(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)菜(cai)館(guan)大中華(hua)酒樓的(de)(de)(de)伏嶺太(tai)極湖(hu)村師傅為主(zhu)席精心烹制的(de)(de)(de)。幾百年來，徽(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)菜(cai)通(tong)過數以(yi)萬計的(de)(de)(de)績(ji)(ji)溪徽(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)廚(chu)以(yi)徽(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)商(shang)“徽(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)駱駝”的(de)(de)(de)精神將徽(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)館(guan)開(kai)到大江南北，使(shi)徽(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)菜(cai)享譽五湖(hu)四海(hai)。

特別推薦：鄉宴“十碗八”。

臭(chou)鱖(gui)魚(yu)、小河魚(yu)、火腿、績溪炒粉絲(si)、各式豆腐等。

徽(hui)劇(ju)迄今已(yi)有三百多(duo)(duo)年歷史，在中(zhong)國戲(xi)(xi)曲(qu)發展(zhan)史上曾起過重要(yao)作(zuo)用，它不僅孕(yun)育了京劇(ju)，而且(qie)中(zhong)國南北幾(ji)十個(ge)地方戲(xi)(xi)曲(qu)劇(ju)種都(dou)同它有著密不可(ke)分(fen)的(de)血緣關系。同時，徽(hui)劇(ju)還是(shi)徽(hui)州(zhou)文(wen)化的(de)一個(ge)重要(yao)組成(cheng)部分(fen)，它以直觀的(de)方式(shi)反映(ying)了徽(hui)州(zhou)文(wen)化乃至中(zhong)國傳統文(wen)化的(de)許(xu)多(duo)(duo)特點，值得深入研究(jiu)。

土特產：石耳、金(jin)山時雨茶、竹筍（春(chun)筍，筍干）、山核桃(tao)、野生獼猴桃(tao)等。

榮譽及其他

建筑特點

其(qi)一，從(cong)建筑結構和規(gui)模(mo)來看，有(you)官(guan)邸氣派，與徽州現今(jin)大量(liang)留存(cun)徽商民居相比(bi)，顯(xian)然不同，內部(bu)石(shi)雕(diao)、磚雕(diao)、木(mu)雕(diao)三雕(diao)飾物(wu)強調正(zheng)統，并突出(chu)官(guan)本位(wei)思想，從(cong)中(zhong)能夠體會封建等級制(zhi)度的強烈。

其二(er)，建筑外觀大方樸(pu)素(su)而(er)內在結(jie)構小巧玲瓏，室內生活娛(yu)樂設施一應俱全，保(bao)存如此完整，這是極其少有的。

其(qi)三，胡宗憲在明代(dai)歷史上(shang)是一個(ge)極其(qi)重要(yao)的(de)人(ren)物(wu)，官至太子太保(bao)、兵(bing)部尚(shang)書。作為明代(dai)重要(yao)人(ren)物(wu)，其(qi)故居有著極其(qi)珍貴(gui)的(de)人(ren)文價(jia)值，承(cheng)載著明代(dai)官場興衰的(de)大量(liang)歷史痕跡。

人物介紹

胡(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)(xian)（1512—1565年）字汝貞(zhen)，號梅林，嘉靖十七年進士(shi)。任杭州知府時，修整西(xi)湖，擴建岳墳。倭寇騷擾東南沿海，胡(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)(xian)召徐渭、文徵明、戚(qi)繼(ji)光等(deng)抗倭，弭(mi)平(ping)倭患。以此戰功獲(huo)得殊榮，官至太子太保、兵(bing)部尚書。歷史學家(jia)就稱(cheng)“沒有(you)胡(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)(xian)，就沒有(you)戚(qi)家(jia)軍”，胡(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)(xian)的一生是輝煌(huang)的。胡(hu)宗憲(xian)(xian)(xian)著有(you)《籌海圖編》十三卷(juan)，書中收入(ru)浙江沿海地形、防(fang)務(wu)、戰具、戰事甚(shen)詳，是將釣魚島劃歸中國(guo)版圖的第(di)一人。