主要(yao)保護對象為紅(hong)樹林濕地(di)(di)(di)、獼(mi)猴、鳥類(lei)及海島生(sheng)態(tai)環境,是研究濕地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)態(tai)系統、候鳥以及獼(mi)猴原生(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)和(he)發展史(shi)的重要(yao)基地(di)(di)(di)。
淇澳紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)林保(bao)護(hu)區內擁有(you)維(wei)管植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)165科470屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)695種(zhong)(zhong)(野生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)140科398屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)556種(zhong)(zhong),栽(zai)培植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)65科106屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)(zhong))。在野生維(wei)管植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)中(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)蕨(jue)類植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)19科28屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)39種(zhong)(zhong);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)3科3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong),被子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)118科367屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)513種(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)達10科13屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)15種(zhong)(zhong),分別(bie)占(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)現有(you)紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)科、屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)83.3%、86.7%和55.6%;半紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)達7科9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)9種(zhong)(zhong),分別(bie)占(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)現有(you)半紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)科、屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)77.8%、90%和90%;紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)林伴生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)為11科15屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)15種(zhong)(zhong),分別(bie)占(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)紅(hong)(hong)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)林伴生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)科、屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)73.3%、71.4%和68.2%。
擔桿島獼猴保護區(qu)內擁有(you)維(wei)管植(zhi)物(wu)438種(zhong)(含(han)9變(bian)種(zhong)),分(fen)(fen)隸(li)320屬(shu)123科(ke)(ke)。其中蕨類植(zhi)物(wu)22種(zhong),分(fen)(fen)隸(li)18屬(shu)17科(ke)(ke);裸子植(zhi)物(wu)7種(zhong),分(fen)(fen)隸(li)5屬(shu)5科(ke)(ke);雙子葉(xie)植(zhi)物(wu)342種(zhong)8變(bian)種(zhong),分(fen)(fen)隸(li)250屬(shu)86科(ke)(ke);單子葉(xie)植(zhi)物(wu)58種(zhong)1變(bian)種(zhong),分(fen)(fen)隸(li)47屬(shu)15科(ke)(ke)。屬(shu)國家3級重點保護植(zhi)物(wu)有(you)土沉香(xiang)、吊皮錐和(he)白(bai)桂木三種(zhong)。
淇澳(ao)島:區內擁有(you)底(di)棲動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)103種(zhong),隸(li)屬5綱,14目48科;魚類90種(zhong),隸(li)屬10目,41科;陸生脊椎野生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)154種(zhong)(含兩棲動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)15種(zhong),爬(pa)行動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)27種(zhong),鳥類99種(zhong),哺(bu)乳動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)13種(zhong))隸(li)屬25目,58科。屬國(guo)家(jia)重點保護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(珍(zhen)稀瀕危動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu))15種(zhong),占廣(guang)東(dong)省珍(zhen)稀瀕危動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總數(shu)(117種(zhong))的12.8%,其中國(guo)家(jia)一級重點保護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)1種(zhong),二級重點保護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)14種(zhong)。
擔桿(gan)島:區內(nei)擁有野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物85種(zhong)(zhong),分隸34科(ke)、19目。其中獸(shou)類(lei)10種(zhong)(zhong);鳥類(lei)60種(zhong)(zhong);爬行類(lei)10種(zhong)(zhong);兩棲(qi)類(lei)5種(zhong)(zhong)。屬國家1級(ji)重點保護動(dong)(dong)物有蟒蛇1種(zhong)(zhong);國家2級(ji)保護動(dong)(dong)物獼猴、穿(chuan)山甲、松(song)雀鷹、雀鷹、鳶、褐翅鴉鵑(juan)、長(chang)耳鸮和虎紋蛙等9種(zhong)(zhong)。
淇澳(ao)島(dao)紅(hong)樹林自然保護(hu)區,位于廣東省(sheng)珠海市淇澳(ao)島(dao)西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)部(bu),地理位置(zhi)居于東經113°36′40〞~113°39′15〞,北(bei)(bei)緯22°23′40〞~22°27′38〞之(zhi)間,東南(nan)、西(xi)(xi)南(nan)與(yu)(yu)該島(dao)大(da)澳(ao)圍、東涌(yong)、西(xi)(xi)涌(yong)、石井灣接壤,西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)及東北(bei)(bei)與(yu)(yu)中山、深圳、香港隔海相望(wang),總面積5103.77公(gong)頃。
擔(dan)桿島自然保護(hu)區,位(wei)于珠江入海中,北(bei)距香港、深圳分別(bie)為20km和(he)78km,西北(bei)距澳(ao)門、珠海分別(bie)為72km和(he)74km。地(di)理位(wei)置在東經114°07′~114°19′,北(bei)緯21°58′~22°04′。包括擔(dan)桿島、二洲島,總面積(ji)2270公頃。
1989年11月,廣東省人民政府批準建立擔桿島獼猴(hou)省級自然保護區(qu)。
1990年6月(yue),成(cheng)立(li)珠(zhu)海市擔桿島獼猴保護區管理站,由市綠化委員會管理。
2000年4月(yue),珠海(hai)市人民政(zheng)府批(pi)準(zhun)成立(li)“淇澳(ao)紅樹林(lin)保護區”,由(you)淇澳(ao)管(guan)理區管(guan)理。
2002年(nian)2月,市林業局(ju)正式(shi)接管(guan)(guan)淇澳紅樹林保護(hu)區(qu),擔桿島省級自然保護(hu)區(qu)由市野生(sheng)動植物(wu)保護(hu)管(guan)(guan)理站接管(guan)(guan),盧海(hai)洋(yang)站長兼管(guan)(guan)全面工作。
2004年11月,廣東省(sheng)人民政府批準同意將淇澳(ao)(ao)島(dao)自然保護區(qu)和擔(dan)桿(gan)島(dao)省(sheng)級自然保護區(qu)合(he)并(bing),建立(li)“珠海淇澳(ao)(ao)—擔(dan)桿(gan)島(dao)省(sheng)級自然保護區(qu)”。
2006年1月(yue),珠海淇澳—擔桿島省級自(zi)然(ran)保護區管理處(chu)籌建正式完成,并獨立(li)辦公。
珠海淇澳(ao)—擔桿島省級(ji)自然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)與(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)林科(ke)(ke)院熱帶(dai)林業研究所(suo)合作申報的國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)部(bu)農業科(ke)(ke)技(ji)成果轉化資金項(xiang)(xiang)目《紅樹林濕地植被快速恢復技(ji)術應用示范》和國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)“十一五(wu)”科(ke)(ke)技(ji)攻關項(xiang)(xiang)目專項(xiang)(xiang)《華南沿(yan)海紅樹林保護(hu)與(yu)恢復重建技(ji)術試(shi)驗示范》最近已獲(huo)得國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)部(bu)批準,項(xiang)(xiang)目即(ji)將在淇澳(ao)島紅樹林保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)全面展開。