在(zai)乾隆皇帝(di)的(de)40多個后妃(fei)(fei)中(zhong)(zhong),有一位維吾(wu)(wu)爾族女子(zi)(zi),她就是(shi)聞名(ming)遐邇的(de)香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)。其實香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)是(shi)否遍體生(sheng)(sheng)香(xiang),根本無從(cong)考證(zheng)。但乾隆帝(di)只有一個維吾(wu)(wu)爾族妃(fei)(fei)子(zi)(zi)卻是(shi)史實。她就是(shi)容(rong)妃(fei)(fei)。在(zai)乾隆帝(di)的(de)40多名(ming)妃(fei)(fei)子(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong),有一名(ming)回妃(fei)(fei),本不奇怪(guai),可是(shi)在(zai)容(rong)妃(fei)(fei)死后的(de)一百多年內,卻引起了一批(pi)騷人墨客的(de)興趣,在(zai)容(rong)妃(fei)(fei)身上大做文(wen)章,甚至編造(zao)出(chu)一個“香(xiang)[2]妃(fei)(fei)”的(de)故事。從(cong)野史、詩(shi)詞到舞臺,繪聲繪影大肆渲染,競達到了真假(jia)難(nan)辨的(de)程度。詩(shi)詞、戲曲中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)人物是(shi)可以(yi)編造(zao)的(de),但發展到排除史實、以(yi)假(jia)亂真的(de)程度,就有問題了。以(yi)下,我們暫還按習慣稱其為香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei),看看她的(de)真實生(sheng)(sheng)平。
雍正十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(1734年(nian))九月十(shi)五日,香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)誕(dan)生在(zai)新疆(jiang)和(he)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)族的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個家庭(ting)。和(he)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)族是世居葉爾(er)(er)(er)(er)羌(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維吾(wu)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)族始祖派噶(ga)木(mu)(mu)(mu)巴(ba)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后裔,其(qi)族稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)和(he)卓(zhuo)(zhuo),所以(yi)香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)又(you)叫和(he)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)氏(shi)。其(qi)父為(wei)(wei)第二(er)十(shi)九世回部(bu)臺(tai)吉(貴族首(shou)領)圖(tu)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)都(dou)(dou)(dou)。乾(qian)隆(long)二(er)十(shi)年(nian)五月,清軍(jun)(jun)進軍(jun)(jun)伊犁,二(er)次平(ping)(ping)定準噶(ga)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)叛亂(luan),解(jie)救(jiu)了(le)(le)(le)被準噶(ga)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)拘禁(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)葉爾(er)(er)(er)(er)羌(qiang)、喀(ka)什噶(ga)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)封建主瑪罕木(mu)(mu)(mu)特的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)個兒子:大(da)和(he)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)木(mu)(mu)(mu)、小(xiao)和(he)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)木(mu)(mu)(mu)。不料兩(liang)年(nian)以(yi)后,小(xiao)和(he)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)木(mu)(mu)(mu)殺死(si)了(le)(le)(le)欽派的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)副都(dou)(dou)(dou)統阿敏道,自稱(cheng)巴(ba)圖(tu)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)汗,大(da)和(he)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)木(mu)(mu)(mu)也據(ju)守喀(ka)什噶(ga)爾(er)(er)(er)(er),兩(liang)相呼(hu)應,稱(cheng)雄南(nan)疆(jiang),開始了(le)(le)(le)大(da)規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)武裝反清。此后,圖(tu)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)都(dou)(dou)(dou)臺(tai)吉等(deng)不愿(yuan)歸(gui)附分裂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)落(luo),配(pei)合清軍(jun)(jun),于乾(qian)隆(long)二(er)十(shi)四年(nian),徹(che)底平(ping)(ping)息了(le)(le)(le)大(da)、小(xiao)和(he)卓(zhuo)(zhuo)木(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)叛亂(luan)。 乾(qian)隆(long)二(er)十(shi)五年(nian),圖(tu)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)都(dou)(dou)(dou)等(deng)五戶助戰(zhan)有功(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)卓(zhuo)(zhuo),及霍集斯(si)等(deng)三戶在(zai)平(ping)(ping)亂(luan)中立功(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)疆(jiang)維吾(wu)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)上層人士應召陸續來(lai)到北(bei)京(jing)(jing),拜見高宗皇帝(di)。乾(qian)隆(long)令(ling)他(ta)們在(zai)京(jing)(jing)居住(zhu),并派使(shi)者(zhe)接他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家眷來(lai)京(jing)(jing),封圖(tu)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)都(dou)(dou)(dou)等(deng)為(wei)(wei)一等(deng)臺(tai)吉。圖(tu)爾(er)(er)(er)(er)都(dou)(dou)(dou)27歲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)妹(mei)妹(mei)也被選入宮,冊封為(wei)(wei)和(he)貴人(即香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei))。顯(xian)然(ran),這是乾(qian)隆(long)皇帝(di)統一新疆(jiang)后,實行“因俗而制”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政治(zhi)需要(yao),即政治(zhi)聯姻。
貴(gui)(gui)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)朝后(hou)(hou)(hou)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)八個等級(ji)(ji)中(zhong),屬(shu)于(yu)第六(liu)個等級(ji)(ji),其(qi)前有(you)皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)、皇(huang)貴(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、貴(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、嬪,其(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)有(you)常(chang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)和(he)(he)(he)答(da)應。由于(yu)和(he)(he)(he)貴(gui)(gui)人(ren)(ren)入(ru)(ru)(ru)宮(gong)(gong)時(shi)帶來了祥瑞(從(cong)南方移(yi)栽(zai)到宮(gong)(gong)內的(de)(de)(de)荔(li)枝樹,竟結出了200多顆荔(li)枝),很得皇(huang)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)青睞(lai),也(ye)(ye)很受皇(huang)太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)喜愛。因(yin)此(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)和(he)(he)(he)貴(gui)(gui)人(ren)(ren)入(ru)(ru)(ru)宮(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)第三(san)(san)年(nian),即乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)七年(nian)五(wu)月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)日(ri),皇(huang)太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)降(jiang)旨,冊(ce)封和(he)(he)(he)貴(gui)(gui)人(ren)(ren)為容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)嬪。她(ta)的(de)(de)(de)哥(ge)哥(ge),原封為一(yi)(yi)(yi)等臺吉(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)圖爾都,也(ye)(ye)因(yin)追(zhui)論(lun)進(jin)攻喀什噶爾有(you)功.而同(tong)時(shi)晉爵,封為輔國公。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)春(chun)天,高宗(zong)第四次南巡,攜(xie)(xie)皇(huang)太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)、皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)、慶妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、香妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、圖爾都以及大學(xue)(xue)士(shi)傅恒等王(wang)公貴(gui)(gui)戚1000余人(ren)(ren)同(tong)行(xing)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)路(lu)上(shang),乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)對香妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)格外(wai)恩賞.前后(hou)(hou)(hou)賜(si)給她(ta)80多種口味適宜的(de)(de)(de)飯菜,其(qi)中(zhong)就有(you)名貴(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)奶酥油野鴨子、酒燉羊(yang)肉、羊(yang)池士(shi)等。之后(hou)(hou)(hou),香妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)俊俏和(he)(he)(he)異域情調進(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)步贏得乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)皇(huang)帝的(de)(de)(de)垂愛和(he)(he)(he)信任(ren),乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)年(nian)六(liu)月(yue)(yue),皇(huang)太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)懿旨,將(jiang)她(ta)由容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)嬪晉為容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),并由賞給處(chu)為她(ta)準備滿(man)洲(zhou)朝服、吉(ji)(ji)服、項(xiang)圈、耳墜(zhui)、數珠(zhu)等等。同(tong)年(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue),受命(ming)為正、副使(shi)的(de)(de)(de)大學(xue)(xue)士(shi)尹繼善(shan)、內閣學(xue)(xue)士(shi)邁拉遜(xun),持節冊(ce)封容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)嬪為容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),冊(ce)文曰:“爾容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)嬪霍卓氏,端(duan)謹持躬(gong),柔嘉表則(ze),秉小心而有(you)恪,久勤服事于(yu)慈(ci)闈(wei),供內職以無違,夙(su)協箴規于(yu)女史,茲奉皇(huang)太(tai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)慈(ci)諭,冊(ce)封爾為容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)……。”這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian),香妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)35歲。三(san)(san)年(nian)以后(hou)(hou)(hou),乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)又攜(xie)(xie)香妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等六(liu)位(wei)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)嬪東(dong)巡,游歷泰(tai)山,拜竭孔(kong)廟(miao)。由于(yu)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)烏喇那(nei)拉氏皇(huang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)亡(wang)故(gu),乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)聲稱不再立后(hou)(hou)(hou);乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian),皇(huang)貴(gui)(gui)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)又病死,因(yin)此(ci)(ci),到這(zhe)個時(shi)候(hou),容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)眾多后(hou)(hou)(hou)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)中(zhong)已處(chu)于(yu)舉足輕重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)位(wei)。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)年(nian)正月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)日(ri),皇(huang)帝在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)圓明園奉三(san)(san)無私殿設宴(yan)會(hui)餐,容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)已入(ru)(ru)(ru)主了西邊頭桌的(de)(de)(de)首位(wei),到同(tong)年(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)(yue)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)清(qing)宮(gong)(gong)大宴(yan),容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)又升格到了東(dong)邊坐桌的(de)(de)(de)第二(er)位(wei)。這(zhe)時(shi),容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)已48歲,到了她(ta)地(di)位(wei)與殊(shu)榮的(de)(de)(de)頂峰。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)年(nian)四月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)九日(ri),容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)離世,享年(nian)55歲。
香(xiang)妃(fei)的故事歷來非常迷人(ren)。傳說她“玉容未近,芳香(xiang)襲人(ren),即不是(shi)花香(xiang)也不是(shi)粉香(xiang),別有(you)一(yi)種奇(qi)芳異馥,沁人(ren)心脾(pi)”。是(shi)新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)回部酋(qiu)長(chang)霍集(ji)占的王妃(fei),回部叛(pan)亂(luan),霍集(ji)占被(bei)清廷誅殺,將(jiang)軍兆惠將(jiang)香(xiang)妃(fei)生擒(qin)送與乾隆(long)(long)。但香(xiang)妃(fei)心懷“國破家亡(wang),情愿一(yi)死(si)”之(zhi)志(zhi),始(shi)終不從乾隆(long)(long),最(zui)后被(bei)太后賜(si)死(si)。死(si)后,將(jiang)其運回家鄉(xiang)安(an)葬,故新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)喀什有(you)香(xiang)妃(fei)墓。
然而(er)傳說再引人入勝,也與(yu)歷史事實相去甚(shen)遠(yuan)。
《清史稿》記(ji)載(zai):香(xiang)妃,和(he)卓(zhuo)氏,回(hui)部臺(tai)吉和(he)札賚(lai)女。初入宮(gong),號貴(gui)人。累進(jin)為妃。
1788年香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)病逝,年屆80歲的(de)乾(qian)隆老(lao)淚縱橫,也曾生(sheng)出(chu)將香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)遺(yi)(yi)體送(song)回(hui)喀(ka)什安(an)葬(zang)的(de)念頭,但有悖于大清(qing)(qing)祖(zu)傳皇規。按規定,滿清(qing)(qing)的(de)后妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)只(zhi)(zhi)能葬(zang)于皇家(jia)(jia)的(de)東陵后妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)園寢中(zhong),絕不準(zhun)移送(song)原(yuan)籍。乾(qian)隆陷入“兩難(nan)”,在(zai)(zai)惆悵百(bai)結之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),忽地(di)茅塞頓開(kai),香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),何(he)不在(zai)(zai)名字上作作文章(zhang)。一(yi)個萬全之(zhi)(zhi)策應運面(mian)生(sheng)。 他命令雕工匠仿照(zhao)香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)生(sheng)前(qian)的(de)體型相貌加工了一(yi)個與(yu)真香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)一(yi)模一(yi)樣的(de)“香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)”。全身裹以(yi)白布,只(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)出(chu)面(mian)部以(yi)便(bian)香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)家(jia)(jia)人(ren)現(xian)瞻(zhan)吊唁。這居然蒙過了一(yi)大家(jia)(jia)族人(ren)。此時(shi)被冊封為輔(fu)國(guo)公的(de)香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)哥(ge)哥(ge)圖(tu)爾迪亦已去世,乾(qian)隆便(bian)傳旨(zhi)將其兄妹倆(lia)一(yi)真一(yi)假的(de)遺(yi)(yi)體同時(shi)遷葬(zang)喀(ka)什,由香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)家(jia)(jia)人(ren)護送(song)靈柩回(hui)新疆。
100多號人(ren)的(de)(de)抬尸隊伍,歷經半年(nian)的(de)(de)艱難跋(ba)涉終于(yu)到達目的(de)(de)地(di)。香妃(fei)的(de)(de)親(qin)人(ren)們(men)查看了(le)香妃(fei)和她哥(ge)哥(ge)的(de)(de)遺(yi)體(ti)面容,確認無誤后即刻下(xia)葬入穴。香妃(fei)的(de)(de)遺(yi)體(ti)早已隱(yin)秘地(di)葬在了(le)清(qing)東陵,而那(nei)個檀香木雕制的(de)(de)假香妃(fei),卻登堂入室地(di)埋(mai)進了(le)祖先阿帕霍(huo)加的(de)(de)墓之內,由此人(ren)們(men)只記(ji)住了(le)香妃(fei)和香妃(fei)墓,而對于(yu)墓地(di)的(de)(de)真正(zheng)主人(ren)卻疏(shu)于(yu)談論。
從前,在我國新(xin)疆地區,有一個維吾爾(er)族首(shou)領的(de)妻子,長得(de)非常漂(piao)亮(liang),并且身上有一股(gu)奇(qi)異的(de)香味(wei)兒,人們(men)都管她叫香妃(fei)。
這事兒(er)被(bei)清朝皇(huang)帝乾隆知(zhi)道了,就叫下邊兒(er)人把香妃給(gei)搶到了北(bei)京。
家仇鄉恨,香(xiang)妃(fei)滿(man)腔悲憤,身(shen)上暗藏(zang)了(le)鋒利的刀(dao)子,想尋短見。被“選”進北京以后,要不(bu)(bu)是乾隆(long)(long)叫人看得嚴(yan),香(xiang)妃(fei)早就自(zi)殺身(shen)亡了(le)。要叫她給乾隆(long)(long)做妃(fei)子,是誰說(shuo)也不(bu)(bu)從,誰勸也不(bu)(bu)依。乾隆(long)(long)眼巴巴地(di)看著這個如花似(si)玉的美人兒,也沒辦法,不(bu)(bu)敢接近(jin)她,知道她身(shen)上藏(zang)著刀(dao)子,怕她自(zi)殺了(le),但又不(bu)(bu)死心,就把(ba)香(xiang)妃(fei)安置在中(zhong)南(nan)海住下了(le)。
乾隆皇帝為這件事很犯了(le)愁。維(wei)吾爾族多信奉伊斯蘭教(jiao),也就是我(wo)們平常說(shuo)的回(hui)(hui)教(jiao)。為了(le)討好香(xiang)妃(fei),他命令宮人(ren)說(shuo),香(xiang)妃(fei)的起居飲食,一定要按照(zhao)回(hui)(hui)教(jiao)的風俗(su)習慣去安排。宮人(ren)也都(dou)照(zhao)辦了(le)。這雖說(shuo)博得了(le)香(xiang)妃(fei)的歡心,但(dan)仍然消除不了(le)香(xiang)妃(fei)想家的念頭。
乾隆心里又琢磨開了(le):怎(zen)么才能給香妃(fei)(fei)消愁(chou)解(jie)悶兒(er)呢?他(ta)想來想去,有了(le),回民住的(de)地方不(bu)是都(dou)有做禮(li)拜(bai)的(de)地方嗎?我照著她家鄉(xiang)的(de)禮(li)拜(bai)寺(si)(si)(si)給她蓋一(yi)個,她一(yi)想家,就(jiu)(jiu)叫(jiao)她看一(yi)看,不(bu)就(jiu)(jiu)好像(xiang)到了(le)家鄉(xiang)一(yi)樣(yang)嗎?就(jiu)(jiu)這么辦啦!皇帝有的(de)是錢,說干(gan)就(jiu)(jiu)干(gan)。命令一(yi)下(xia),很快就(jiu)(jiu)在寶月(yue)樓(就(jiu)(jiu)是現在西長安街中(zhong)南(nan)海(hai)的(de)新華門樓)的(de)對(dui)面兒(er),仿照香妃(fei)(fei)家鄉(xiang)的(de)禮(li)拜(bai)寺(si)(si)(si),修(xiu)了(le)一(yi)座(zuo)莊嚴肅穆(mu)的(de)伊(yi)斯蘭禮(li)拜(bai)寺(si)(si)(si)樓,有兩三丈高,樓基(ji)上有兩層樓閣。在這座(zuo)建(jian)筑的(de)后邊(bian)兒(er)住著的(de)是隨香妃(fei)(fei)來北京的(de)回教人。
每當香妃思(si)念家鄉(xiang)心(xin)切的時候,就(jiu)叫(jiao)宮女陪著,登上(shang)寶月樓(lou),向南眺望(wang)(wang)對面的這座仿照她家鄉(xiang)樣(yang)式蓋的伊(yi)斯(si)蘭教樓(lou);看見了自己(ji)家鄉(xiang)的教樓(lou),看見了頭戴回民帽子、出(chu)來進去的家鄉(xiang)同胞,就(jiu)好像回到自己(ji)的家鄉(xiang)一樣(yang),她精神上(shang)得到了很大的安(an)慰(wei)。于是(shi)這座樓(lou)便被叫(jiao)做了望(wang)(wang)家樓(lou)。
但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)想家,不(bu)(bu)跟(gen)乾隆過(guo)日子。乾隆的母親皇太后很替兒子著急。她(ta)想,怎么哄(hong),香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)也不(bu)(bu)從,一年一年老這樣下去也不(bu)(bu)行啊!她(ta)就(jiu)打定(ding)了主意。有(you)一天,趁著乾隆出宮不(bu)(bu)在家,她(ta)就(jiu)把香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)叫到了跟(gen)前,問香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei):“你(ni)到底是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)從?”香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)從。皇太后說(shuo)啦:“不(bu)(bu)從,就(jiu)叫你(ni)死!”香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)笑(xiao)著說(shuo):“我被你(ni)們搶來就(jiu)沒打算活著!”于是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皇太后就(jiu)“賜白”,扔給她(ta)一條白綢(chou)子,叫人把香(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)給絞(jiao)死了。
后來望(wang)家(jia)樓(lou)沒(mei)有(you)了,寶月(yue)樓(lou)改叫了新華門(men)。但是現今西長安街附近還(huan)住著一些(xie)回族同胞。北京(jing)人心里(li)還(huan)一直記(ji)念著香妃,一代一代地傳說著關于香妃和望(wang)家(jia)樓(lou)的故事。
據傳(chuan)聞,乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)中葉,清軍(jun)入回(hui)疆(jiang),定邊(bian)將(jiang)軍(jun)兆惠俘獲(huo)一(yi)回(hui)部王(wang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),此女(nv)子天生(sheng)麗質(zhi),更奇的是她身(shen)體會(hui)散(san)發異香(xiang)(xiang),人(ren)稱香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)帝(di)對她大為傾心(xin),執意納之為妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),為討其歡心(xin),特在西宛建(jian)造一(yi)座寶月樓,供(gong)香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)居住,并常(chang)親臨探視,希其順從。然而香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)性格(ge)剛烈,誓死(si)不從,并身(shen)藏利刃,表示不屈決心(xin),還時常(chang)因思念(nian)家鄉(xiang)凄然淚下(xia)。皇太(tai)后得(de)知此事(shi),召見(jian)香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),問她:“你不肯屈志,究竟作何打(da)算(suan)?”香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)(yi)“唯死(si)而已”相答,太(tai)后說(shuo):“那么今日就賜你一(yi)死(si)。”香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)頓首拜謝,于(yu)是趁(chen)乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)帝(di)單獨(du)宿齋宮之際,命人(ren)將(jiang)香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)縊死(si)。太(tai)后處死(si)香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的原因,除(chu)了上述(shu)為成全其名(ming)節外,另有說(shuo)是太(tai)后擔(dan)心(xin)自己的兒子弘歷(即乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)帝(di))為香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)所害(hai),還有說(shuo)由于(yu)香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)受乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)帝(di)寵愛,諸(zhu)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)妒忌,向(xiang)太(tai)后進(jin)讒言,太(tai)后聽信(xin)讒言而加害(hai)香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)死(si)后,乾(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)帝(di)悲傷不已,最后以(yi)(yi)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)禮將(jiang)其棺槨送(song)往(wang)故鄉(xiang)安葬。此說(shuo)在清末民(min)初流傳(chuan)頗廣(guang),出(chu)現不少(shao)敘述(shu)香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)故事(shi)的戲曲說(shuo)唱、小說(shuo)詩(shi)歌,繪聲繪色,凄婉動(dong)人(ren),使(shi)不少(shao)人(ren)對香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)傳(chuan)聞信(xin)以(yi)(yi)為實。1914年故宮浴德堂(tang)展出(chu)一(yi)幅以(yi)(yi)《香(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)戎(rong)裝像》為題的清代女(nv)子戎(rong)裝油(you)畫像,于(yu)是傳(chuan)說(shuo)更甚。
有(you)(you)人(ren)指出(chu),有(you)(you)關香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)事跡(ji)僅為(wei)(wei)傳(chuan)說而已,并(bing)非歷(li)史(shi)事實,根本(ben)不(bu)存在香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)其(qi)人(ren)。乾隆(long)(long)(long)帝先后有(you)(you)嬪妃(fei)(fei)(fei)四十(shi)多人(ren),只有(you)(you)容(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)卓(zhuo)氏(shi)來自葉爾羌(今新疆莎車)回(hui)(hui)部,一般認(ren)為(wei)(wei)她就是傳(chuan)說中附會(hui)的(de)(de)香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),但實際(ji)上容(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)并(bing)不(bu)是被(bei)(bei)掠進(jin)宮(gong)的(de)(de)。和(he)卓(zhuo)氏(shi)是秉持回(hui)(hui)教始祖派噶木巴(ba)爾的(de)(de)后裔,生于(yu)雍正十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(1734)九月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)十(shi)五(wu)日,屬和(he)卓(zhuo)旗。乾隆(long)(long)(long)二(er)十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(176O)二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),定(ding)邊將(jiang)軍(jun)兆(zhao)惠平定(ding)回(hui)(hui)部,和(he)卓(zhuo)氏(shi)親屬因配(pei)合(he)清(qing)軍(jun)作戰(zhan)有(you)(you)功(gong)而受封,并(bing)到京師(shi)定(ding)居,和(he)卓(zhuo)氏(shi)也隨(sui)同到京師(shi)。后和(he)卓(zhuo)氏(shi)被(bei)(bei)選入宮(gong),乾隆(long)(long)(long)二(er)十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)五(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)被(bei)(bei)封為(wei)(wei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)嬪,乾隆(long)(long)(long)三十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)六月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),晉升為(wei)(wei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),時(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)三十(shi)五(wu)歲。容(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)深得乾隆(long)(long)(long)帝寵(chong)愛(ai),曾隨(sui)乾隆(long)(long)(long)帝東巡、南巡,特允于(yu)宮(gong)中著本(ben)族服裝(zhuang),專配(pei)回(hui)(hui)回(hui)(hui)廚師(shi)。自乾隆(long)(long)(long)五(wu)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)起(qi),容(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)因病很少于(yu)宮(gong)中露面,乾隆(long)(long)(long)五(wu)十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(1788)四月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)病故,年(nian)(nian)五(wu)十(shi)五(wu)歲。史(shi)籍與檔案中,也未見容(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)有(you)(you)體散異香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)記載,更(geng)無被(bei)(bei)皇太后賜死的(de)(de)結(jie)局。可見,容(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)并(bing)無傳(chuan)說中香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)曲折經歷(li),她不(bu)是香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)。另外,有(you)(you)史(shi)料證明(ming),乾隆(long)(long)(long)帝下令在西苑建(jian)寶月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)樓的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)不(bu)是為(wei)(wei)容(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)(或稱香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)),從時(shi)(shi)間來看,寶月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)樓建(jian)在容(rong)(rong)(rong)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)進(jin)京之(zhi)前,當時(shi)(shi)乾隆(long)(long)(long)帝怎么知(zhi)道和(he)卓(zhuo)氏(shi)進(jin)京并(bing)能為(wei)(wei)己所(suo)愛(ai)?那幅清(qing)代(dai)女子戎(rong)裝(zhuang)像的(de)(de)命(ming)名(ming),也是極不(bu)可靠(kao)的(de)(de)。所(suo)以(yi)香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)事跡(ji)純屬子虛。
此外(wai),關于容妃(fei)墓(mu)的(de)地點,一(yi)(yi)為(wei)喀什(shen)噶爾(今新(xin)疆喀什(shen)),一(yi)(yi)為(wei)河北遵(zun)化(hua)縣東(dong)陵(ling)。容妃(fei)一(yi)(yi)人(ren)怎葬兩地?傳(chuan)說當年(nian)容妃(fei)去世后,其(qi)遺體由(you)靈轎運(yun)送到喀什(shen)噶爾東(dong)北郊的(de)伊斯(si)蘭(lan)墓(mu)群下葬,一(yi)(yi)架(jia)“馱轎”還(huan)停(ting)放(fang)墓(mu)側(ce)(ce)。河北遵(zun)化(hua)縣馬(ma)蘭(lan)峪清東(dong)陵(ling)裕妃(fei)園寢中(zhong),亦有(you)一(yi)(yi)座容妃(fei)墓(mu)。1979年(nian)10月(yue)被發(fa)掘(jue),地宮有(you)兩個券(quan)堂組(zu)成,均為(wei)拱券(quan)石結構。在金券(quan)的(de)寶床上(shang),停(ting)放(fang)一(yi)(yi)紅漆棺(guan)(guan)木,棺(guan)(guan)幫為(wei)盜(dao)墓(mu)人(ren)砍開一(yi)(yi)大洞,棺(guan)(guan)中(zhong)已(yi)空,棺(guan)(guan)頭正中(zhong)有(you)數行回(hui)文(wen)文(wen)字,意為(wei)“以真主(zhu)名義(yi)……”棺(guan)(guan)木西側(ce)(ce)有(you)一(yi)(yi)頭骨,西北角又(you)有(you)一(yi)(yi)根八十(shi)(shi)五厘米長(chang)的(de)花(hua)白發(fa)辮(bian)、青(qing)緞(duan)襯帽、包(bao)頭青(qing)紗等,還(huan)有(you)一(yi)(yi)些龍(long)袍(pao)殘(can)片和幾件織(zhi)物(wu),織(zhi)物(wu)上(shang)織(zhi)有(you)“江南織(zhi)造臣成善”、“蘇州織(zhi)造臣四德”等字樣(yang),墓(mu)中(zhong)還(huan)存(cun)有(you)如(ru)意、荷包(bao)、珍珠、寶石、貓眼(yan)石、鉆(zhan)石等。棺(guan)(guan)頭文(wen)字表(biao)明(ming)墓(mu)主(zhu)為(wei)伊斯(si)蘭(lan)教信徒,龍(long)袍(pao)和貓眼(yan)石等證明(ming)其(qi)身份(fen)為(wei)妃(fei)子,由(you)花(hua)白發(fa)辮(bian)推斷死者為(wei)五十(shi)(shi)五歲左右,織(zhi)物(wu)上(shang)“四德”、“成善”皆為(wei)乾(qian)隆五十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)的(de)織(zhi)造官,可見(jian)這才是真正的(de)容妃(fei)墓(mu)。