其(qi)人在(zai)《三(san)國(guo)志·卷(juan)八(ba)·魏書·二公(gong)孫陶四張傳》有(you)只言(yan)片語的提(ti)及:
公元(yuan)197年(建安(an)二年),曹(cao)操(cao)南征,部隊到達淯水,張(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)率眾投(tou)降。曹(cao)操(cao)納了張(zhang)(zhang)濟的遺孀,張(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)因此懷恨曹(cao)操(cao)。
摘(zhai)自(zi)《三國演義》第(di)十(shi)六回“呂奉先(xian)射戟轅門 ,曹孟德敗師淯水。”
一日(ri)(ri)操(cao)醉,退入(ru)寢所,私問(wen)左右曰(yue):“此城(cheng)中(zhong)有妓(ji)女否(fou)?”操(cao)之兄子曹安(an)(an)民,知操(cao)意,乃密對曰(yue):“昨晚小侄窺見(jian)館舍之側(ce),有一婦人(ren),生(sheng)得十分美(mei)麗(li),問(wen)之,即繡叔張濟之妻(qi)也(ye)。”操(cao)聞言,便令安(an)(an)民領五十甲(jia)兵往取之。須臾(yu),取到軍中(zhong)。操(cao)見(jian)之,果(guo)然美(mei)麗(li)。問(wen)其姓,婦答曰(yue):“妾乃張濟之妻(qi)鄒(zou)氏(shi)(shi)也(ye)。”操(cao)曰(yue):“夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)識吾否(fou)?”鄒(zou)氏(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“久聞丞相威(wei)名,今夕幸(xing)得瞻拜。”操(cao)曰(yue):“吾為(wei)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)故,特納張繡之降;不然滅(mie)族矣。”鄒(zou)氏(shi)(shi)拜曰(yue):“實感再生(sheng)之恩。”操(cao)曰(yue):“今日(ri)(ri)得見(jian)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren),乃天幸(xing)也(ye)。今宵(xiao)愿同枕(zhen)席,隨吾還都,安(an)(an)享富貴,何(he)如?”鄒(zou)氏(shi)(shi)拜謝(xie)。是夜,共宿于帳中(zhong)。鄒(zou)氏(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“久住城(cheng)中(zhong),繡必(bi)生(sheng)疑,亦恐外人(ren)議(yi)論。”操(cao)曰(yue):“明(ming)日(ri)(ri)同夫(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)去寨(zhai)中(zhong)住。”次日(ri)(ri),移于城(cheng)外安(an)(an)歇,喚(huan)典(dian)韋就中(zhong)軍帳房外宿衛。他人(ren)非奉呼喚(huan),不許輒(zhe)入(ru)。因此,內外不通。操(cao)每日(ri)(ri)與鄒(zou)氏(shi)(shi)取樂(le),不想歸期。
演義形象
《三國演義》里(li)姓鄒,容貌(mao)甚美(mei)。其(qi)夫(fu)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)濟(ji)攻穰(rang)城時(shi)戰(zhan)(zhan)死,之后張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)接管了軍(jun)隊(dui),鄒夫(fu)人(ren)隨侄(zhi)兒寡居(ju)宛(wan)城。公(gong)元197年(nian)(nian),曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)征張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)投降。曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)進(jin)宛(wan)城納降時(shi),操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)侄(zhi)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)安民(min)引鄒夫(fu)人(ren)見(jian)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)。曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)見(jian)其(qi)美(mei)貌(mao),強納之。張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)知曉此(ci)事(shi)(shi)后大怒(nu),認(ren)為(wei)(wei)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)侮辱了自(zi)己(ji)與其(qi)叔張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)濟(ji)。張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)聽(ting)從謀士(shi)賈詡建議秘(mi)密調動(dong)軍(jun)隊(dui)后突襲曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao),將(jiang)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)打得措手不(bu)及,大敗而逃(tao)。曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)坐騎絕影身(shen)中數箭仍載曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)奮力奔跑(pao),最終未(wei)跑(pao)出宛(wan)城死于(yu)此(ci)戰(zhan)(zhan)。曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)長子曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)昂(ang)將(jiang)坐騎讓與父親逃(tao)跑(pao),自(zi)己(ji)步(bu)戰(zhan)(zhan)斷(duan)后,戰(zhan)(zhan)死。大將(jiang)典韋(wei)率十(shi)數位精選的親信護衛(wei)戰(zhan)(zhan)于(yu)門前(qian)(qian)為(wei)(wei)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)斷(duan)后,他(ta)們雖兵(bing)甲不(bu)齊,但個個以一當十(shi),殊死相搏,殺(sha)敵甚眾后皆力戰(zhan)(zhan)而死。操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)侄(zhi)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)安民(min)亦殞(yun)命于(yu)此(ci)戰(zhan)(zhan)。宛(wan)城之敗是(shi)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)一生(sheng)軍(jun)事(shi)(shi)中鮮有的大敗之戰(zhan)(zhan),鄒夫(fu)人(ren)亦因此(ci)被(bei)后世稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)禍水(shui)。公(gong)元198年(nian)(nian),曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)間又有一戰(zhan)(zhan)。公(gong)元199年(nian)(nian),賈詡建議張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)乃立信天下(xia)之人(ren),勝于(yu)袁紹,必(bi)不(bu)計前(qian)(qian)嫌(xian),接納將(jiang)軍(jun),將(jiang)軍(jun)應復(fu)降之。張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)聽(ting)從,再次投降曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)。曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)大喜,果然不(bu)計前(qian)(qian)事(shi)(shi),為(wei)(wei)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)設宴,還讓自(zi)己(ji)的兒子曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)均娶了張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)的女兒,兩家(jia)結為(wei)(wei)連(lian)理(li),并(bing)封(feng)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)繡(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)為(wei)(wei)揚武將(jiang)軍(jun)。
京劇形象
京(jing)劇《戰(zhan)宛城(cheng)》 【一(yi)名《張繡刺嬸》、《割發代首》和《盜雙戟》】,扮演者:常秋月
劇情(qing):曹(cao)(cao)操統兵往宛城討伐張(zhang)(zhang)繡,曾傳令(ling)三軍(jun)沿(yan)途(tu)不可踐(jian)踏(ta)青苗,違令(ling)者(zhe)斬(zhan)。但(dan)行軍(jun)途(tu)中,他自己的馬因(yin)受驚而(er)(er)入(ru)麥地(di),踐(jian)踏(ta)了青苗,曹(cao)(cao)操遂(sui)欲(yu)拔(ba)劍自刎(wen),為眾將所勸阻,最后割發代(dai)替斬(zhan)首,用來儆戒三軍(jun)。兵至宛城,張(zhang)(zhang)繡戰敗歸降,后因(yin)曹(cao)(cao)操擄占(zhan)其(qi)嬸(shen)母鄒氏而(er)(er)欲(yu)反曹(cao)(cao),但(dan)怵于典(dian)韋勇悍難制(zhi),所以先(xian)派胡(hu)車兒盜取典(dian)韋的稱手兵器——雙戟,然后襲擊曹(cao)(cao)營。結果,曹(cao)(cao)操毫(hao)無(wu)準備而(er)(er)敗,輕(qing)騎逃(tao)奔,一(yi)子一(yi)侄喪命在(zai)亂軍(jun)之中。典(dian)韋也因(yin)猝不及防,赤身(shen)戰死。張(zhang)(zhang)繡殺入(ru)曹(cao)(cao)營,刺死其(qi)嬸(shen)母鄒氏。