五(wu)里(li)坡自然保護(hu)區(qu)位于渝(yu)東(dong)門(men)戶、三(san)(san)峽腹心(xin)(xin)、長江中(zhong)(zhong)上游結(jie)合點(dian)(dian)、東(dong)西部結(jie)合部，華中(zhong)(zhong)區(qu)三(san)(san)大(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈——大(da)(da)巴(ba)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、巫山(shan)(shan)(shan)、七(qi)曜山(shan)(shan)(shan)（又(you)名齊(qi)岳山(shan)(shan)(shan)）交匯處，系(xi)三(san)(san)峽水庫(ku)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)淹(yan)沒(mei)區(qu)之一。五(wu)里(li)坡自然保護(hu)區(qu)位于巫山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)東(dong)北部，東(dong)北部與湖北神(shen)奇(qi)的(de)(de)神(shen)農架林區(qu)交界(jie)，恰在大(da)(da)巴(ba)山(shan)(shan)(shan)弧(hu)與川東(dong)褶皺的(de)(de)結(jie)合部，大(da)(da)多(duo)為(wei)低山(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)，海拔(ba)多(duo)在1000至(zhi)2000米(mi)之間，中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)距巫山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)城120公(gong)(gong)里(li)。保護(hu)區(qu)最低點(dian)(dian)腳步(bu)典系(xi)海拔(ba)170米(mi)，已被(bei)庫(ku)水淹(yan)沒(mei)；最高(gao)點(dian)(dian)系(xi)當陽鄉太平山(shan)(shan)(shan)，海拔(ba)2680米(mi)，也(ye)是巫山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)最高(gao)點(dian)(dian)。保護(hu)區(qu)為(wei)典型的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)深切割中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)，海拔(ba)高(gao)差2510米(mi)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈多(duo)呈東(dong)西走向，形(xing)(xing)成平行嶺谷(gu)(gu)，立體(ti)地(di)(di)(di)貌景(jing)觀獨(du)具特色，一方面(mian)(mian)(mian)總體(ti)表(biao)現為(wei)強烈切割，崇(chong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)峻(jun)嶺連綿起(qi)伏，懸(xuan)崖峽谷(gu)(gu)隨處可見；另一方面(mian)(mian)(mian)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)有明(ming)顯的(de)(de)成層性。地(di)(di)(di)貌主要呈四種基本類型。山(shan)(shan)(shan)原，在山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂部分(fen)布大(da)(da)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)起(qi)伏和(he)緩(huan)的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)，蔥坪(ping)等地(di)(di)(di)具有神(shen)奇(qi)美麗的(de)(de)旅游景(jing)點(dian)(dian)；山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)，相對高(gao)度大(da)(da)于200米(mi)的(de)(de)起(qi)伏地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，根據海拔(ba)高(gao)度又(you)分(fen)為(wei)2000米(mi)以下低山(shan)(shan)(shan)；丘陵，相對高(gao)度小(xiao)于200米(mi)的(de)(de)起(qi)伏地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，巫山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)相對較小(xiao)，大(da)(da)多(duo)分(fen)布在槽狀(zhuang)谷(gu)(gu)地(di)(di)(di)、寬闊河(he)灘周邊(bian)(bian)(bian)，175米(mi)以下地(di)(di)(di)帶已被(bei)庫(ku)水淹(yan)沒(mei)；臺地(di)(di)(di)，周邊(bian)(bian)(bian)被(bei)溝谷(gu)(gu)切割，邊(bian)(bian)(bian)沿呈陡崖和(he)臺階狀(zhuang)，頂面(mian)(mian)(mian)起(qi)伏緩(huan)和(he)的(de)(de)高(gao)地(di)(di)(di)，如市級森林公(gong)(gong)園梨子(zi)坪(ping)和(he)騾坪(ping)等地(di)(di)(di)。
五里(li)坡自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)位于(yu)(yu)(yu)三峽腹心(xin)、弛(chi)名(ming)中外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)神(shen)女峰背后長江左岸(an)，與國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)奇(qi)(qi)特的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)神(shen)農(nong)架接壤，和(he)(he)神(shen)女之鄉國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)森(sen)林公(gong)園、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)風景名(ming)勝區(qu)(qu)、中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)AAAA級(ji)(ji)旅游區(qu)(qu)———小三峽“聯姻”，美(mei)譽“孿生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姊妹”，系神(shen)奇(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天然(ran)綠色(se)寶庫。 保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)內許多地(di)方處于(yu)(yu)(yu)原(yuan)始(shi)和(he)(he)次(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林狀態(tai)，是野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)“王國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”。通過森(sen)林資源二類調查，野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)190科(ke)796屬1900多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)、二級(ji)(ji)珍稀植物(wu)(wu)(wu)珙(gong)(gong)桐(tong)、光葉(xie)珙(gong)(gong)桐(tong)、銀杏、水杉和(he)(he)樟樹、厚樸、紅(hong)豆樹、水青樹、巴山(shan)榧、香果樹、天麻(ma)、杜仲達30余(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。從2006年開(kai)始(shi)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)林科(ke)院(yuan)組(zu)織(zhi)專家(jia)對五里(li)坡林場(chang)進行了(le)多輪(lun)考察。2011年10月(yue)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)專家(jia)組(zu)對五里(li)坡林場(chang)進行了(le)正式評審。經過專家(jia)組(zu)多次(ci)細致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)考察，在總面積35276.6 hm2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)五里(li)坡林場(chang)發現陸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)422種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)二級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)47種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，分布(bu)有(you)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)主(zhu)要分布(bu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)69種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中僅分布(bu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，主(zhu)要分布(bu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列(lie)入中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)色(se)名(ming)錄瀕危等(deng)級(ji)(ji)評估標準近(jin)危種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)上等(deng)級(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)79種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占陸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)總數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)18.72%，如(ru)金絲猴、豹(bao)、云豹(bao)、金雕、林麝(she)和(he)(he)獼猴、黑(hei)熊(xiong)、斑羚、大(da)靈(ling)貓、水獺、鴛鴦、蒼鷹等(deng)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)有(you)3萬畝原(yuan)始(shi)森(sen)林人(ren)類從未涉足，還在五里(li)坡國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)林場(chang)四(si)面環山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)蔥(cong)坪發現高山(shan)罕見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕地(di)，在蔥(cong)翠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苔草、蒿(hao)草、狐(hu)草的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕地(di)大(da)坪中央嵌鑲一(yi)個(ge)約(yue)2000平方米的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“袖珍翠湖”，野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)活躍(yue)，令人(ren)驚奇(qi)(qi)。
巫山(shan)是(shi)我國華(hua)中地(di)區(qu)(qu)生物(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣(yang)性非常豐富的(de)(de)熱點(dian)地(di)區(qu)(qu)之一，動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)近2000種，反映巫山(shan)五里坡自然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)森林(lin)生態(tai)系(xi)統的(de)(de)自然景觀、動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)系(xi)、植(zhi)被類型、珍稀(xi)(xi)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種分布(bu)和種群現狀等(deng)方面內容，該(gai)森林(lin)生態(tai)系(xi)統在(zai)自然環境中的(de)(de)存(cun)在(zai)價值及保護(hu)具有極其重要(yao)的(de)(de)意(yi)義(yi)，珍稀(xi)(xi)瀕(bin)危動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種更(geng)需要(yao)保護(hu)。
五(wu)里坡(po)林場由(you)市級(ji)自然保護區晉升為(wei)國家級(ji)自然保護區，使之成為(wei)重慶重要的(de)生態資源(yuan)(yuan)庫(ku)、三峽庫(ku)區重要的(de)生態屏障和全國優質水資源(yuan)(yuan)戰略儲備庫(ku)。預(yu)計到2018年(nian)，五(wu)里坡(po)有(you)望在實驗(yan)區域建原始自然旅游(you)景(jing)觀并(bing)對外開放。
長(chang)期以來，巫山縣政府和林業部(bu)門及各鄉鎮，對(dui)五里(li)坡自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區的森(sen)林資(zi)源和動植物(wu)資(zi)源保(bao)護(hu)(hu)得很好(hao)。建(jian)立國家(jia)級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區后，將(jiang)依法更加強(qiang)化保(bao)護(hu)(hu)，對(dui)旅游資(zi)源進行保(bao)護(hu)(hu)性科(ke)學開發和合理利用，為保(bao)護(hu)(hu)三峽庫(ku)區生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)再立新功。自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區是生態(tai)文明建(jian)設的重要載(zai)體。建(jian)立自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區是保(bao)護(hu)(hu)生態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)、自(zi)(zi)然(ran)資(zi)源的有(you)效措施(shi)，是加快轉變經濟發展(zhan)方式、實現可(ke)持(chi)續發展(zhan)的積極手(shou)段。國家(jia)級自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區主(zhu)要保(bao)護(hu)(hu)對(dui)象的典型(xing)性、稀有(you)性、瀕危性、代表性較強(qiang)，在保(bao)護(hu)(hu)生物(wu)多(duo)樣性和生物(wu)資(zi)源、維護(hu)(hu)生態(tai)系統服(fu)務功能等(deng)方面具有(you)重要作用。
巧笑倩兮 
