五(wu)里坡自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)位于(yu)渝(yu)東門戶、三峽(xia)腹心、長江中上游結(jie)(jie)合點(dian)、東西部(bu)(bu)結(jie)(jie)合部(bu)(bu)，華中區(qu)三大(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)——大(da)(da)巴山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、七曜山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（又名齊(qi)岳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)）交(jiao)匯處，系(xi)三峽(xia)水庫(ku)重點(dian)淹沒區(qu)之一。五(wu)里坡自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)位于(yu)巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣東北部(bu)(bu)，東北部(bu)(bu)與湖北神奇的(de)(de)(de)神農架林區(qu)交(jiao)界，恰在大(da)(da)巴山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)弧與川(chuan)東褶皺的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)合部(bu)(bu)，大(da)(da)多(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形，海(hai)拔(ba)多(duo)在1000至2000米之間(jian)，中心地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)距巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣城120公(gong)里。保(bao)護區(qu)最(zui)(zui)低(di)點(dian)腳步典(dian)系(xi)海(hai)拔(ba)170米，已(yi)被庫(ku)水淹沒；最(zui)(zui)高點(dian)系(xi)當(dang)陽鄉太平(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，海(hai)拔(ba)2680米，也是巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣最(zui)(zui)高點(dian)。保(bao)護區(qu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)典(dian)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)中深切割(ge)中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形，海(hai)拔(ba)高差2510米，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)多(duo)呈(cheng)(cheng)東西走向，形成平(ping)行嶺(ling)谷，立體地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)景(jing)觀獨具(ju)特(te)色(se)，一方面(mian)總體表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)強烈切割(ge)，崇山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峻嶺(ling)連(lian)綿起(qi)(qi)伏，懸崖(ya)峽(xia)谷隨(sui)處可(ke)見；另一方面(mian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形有(you)明顯的(de)(de)(de)成層性。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)主(zhu)要呈(cheng)(cheng)四種基本類型(xing)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原，在山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)(bu)分布大(da)(da)面(mian)積起(qi)(qi)伏和(he)緩的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，蔥(cong)坪(ping)等地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)具(ju)有(you)神奇美(mei)麗(li)的(de)(de)(de)旅游景(jing)點(dian)；山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，相對(dui)高度大(da)(da)于(yu)200米的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)伏地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)，根據海(hai)拔(ba)高度又分為(wei)(wei)(wei)2000米以下低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)；丘陵，相對(dui)高度小于(yu)200米的(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)伏地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)，巫(wu)(wu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵面(mian)積相對(dui)較小，大(da)(da)多(duo)分布在槽狀谷地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、寬闊(kuo)河(he)灘周邊，175米以下地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶已(yi)被庫(ku)水淹沒；臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，周邊被溝谷切割(ge)，邊沿呈(cheng)(cheng)陡(dou)崖(ya)和(he)臺階狀，頂(ding)(ding)面(mian)起(qi)(qi)伏緩和(he)的(de)(de)(de)高地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，如市級森林公(gong)園梨子坪(ping)和(he)騾(luo)坪(ping)等地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。
五里(li)(li)(li)坡(po)(po)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)位于(yu)(yu)三峽(xia)腹心、弛名中(zhong)外的(de)(de)(de)神(shen)女峰(feng)背后長江左岸(an)，與國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)奇特的(de)(de)(de)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)神(shen)農架接壤，和(he)(he)神(shen)女之鄉國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)森林(lin)公(gong)園、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)風景(jing)名勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)AAAA級(ji)(ji)旅游區(qu)(qu)———小三峽(xia)“聯姻”，美譽(yu)“孿生(sheng)姊妹(mei)”，系神(shen)奇的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)然綠色寶庫。 保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)內許多(duo)地方(fang)處于(yu)(yu)原(yuan)始(shi)和(he)(he)次(ci)(ci)生(sheng)林(lin)狀態，是野生(sheng)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)“王國(guo)(guo)”。通過森林(lin)資源(yuan)二類調查，野生(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)有(you)190科(ke)796屬1900多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)一、二級(ji)(ji)珍(zhen)稀植(zhi)物(wu)珙桐(tong)(tong)、光(guang)葉珙桐(tong)(tong)、銀杏、水杉和(he)(he)樟樹(shu)(shu)、厚樸、紅豆樹(shu)(shu)、水青樹(shu)(shu)、巴山(shan)榧、香(xiang)果樹(shu)(shu)、天(tian)麻、杜仲達30余種(zhong)(zhong)。從2006年(nian)開始(shi)，國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)林(lin)科(ke)院組(zu)織專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)對五里(li)(li)(li)坡(po)(po)林(lin)場(chang)進(jin)行(xing)了多(duo)輪考察。2011年(nian)10月，國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)組(zu)對五里(li)(li)(li)坡(po)(po)林(lin)場(chang)進(jin)行(xing)了正式評審。經過專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)組(zu)多(duo)次(ci)(ci)細致的(de)(de)(de)考察，在總(zong)面(mian)積35276.6 hm2的(de)(de)(de)五里(li)(li)(li)坡(po)(po)林(lin)場(chang)發(fa)現陸(lu)生(sheng)野生(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)422種(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)一級(ji)(ji)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)二級(ji)(ji)重點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)47種(zhong)(zhong)，分布(bu)有(you)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)或主要分布(bu)于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)69種(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)僅分布(bu)于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)40種(zhong)(zhong)，主要分布(bu)于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)29種(zhong)(zhong)，列(lie)入中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)紅色名錄瀕危(wei)等級(ji)(ji)評估標準近危(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)以上等級(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)79種(zhong)(zhong)，占陸(lu)生(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)總(zong)數的(de)(de)(de)18.72%，如金絲猴、豹、云豹、金雕、林(lin)麝和(he)(he)獼猴、黑(hei)熊、斑羚、大靈貓、水獺、鴛鴦、蒼鷹等。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)有(you)3萬畝原(yuan)始(shi)森林(lin)人(ren)類從未涉足，還在五里(li)(li)(li)坡(po)(po)國(guo)(guo)有(you)林(lin)場(chang)四(si)面(mian)環(huan)山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)大蔥坪(ping)發(fa)現高山(shan)罕(han)見的(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)地，在蔥翠的(de)(de)(de)苔草(cao)、蒿草(cao)、狐草(cao)的(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)地大坪(ping)中(zhong)央(yang)嵌鑲一個約2000平方(fang)米的(de)(de)(de)“袖(xiu)珍(zhen)翠湖(hu)”，野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)活躍，令人(ren)驚奇。
巫(wu)山(shan)是我國(guo)華中地區(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣性非常豐(feng)富的熱(re)點地區(qu)之(zhi)一，動植物(wu)(wu)近2000種(zhong)，反(fan)映巫(wu)山(shan)五里坡自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)森(sen)林生(sheng)(sheng)態系統的自(zi)然景觀、動植物(wu)(wu)區(qu)系、植被類型、珍(zhen)稀動植物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)分布和種(zhong)群現狀等方面內(nei)容，該森(sen)林生(sheng)(sheng)態系統在自(zi)然環境(jing)中的存(cun)在價值及保(bao)護具有極其重(zhong)要(yao)的意義，珍(zhen)稀瀕危動植物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)更需要(yao)保(bao)護。
五(wu)里坡(po)林場由市(shi)級(ji)自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)晉升為國(guo)家級(ji)自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)，使之成為重(zhong)慶重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)生態資源庫、三(san)峽庫區(qu)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)生態屏障和(he)全(quan)國(guo)優質水資源戰略(lve)儲備庫。預計到2018年，五(wu)里坡(po)有望在(zai)實驗區(qu)域建原始(shi)自然(ran)旅(lv)游景觀并對外開放(fang)。
長期(qi)以來(lai)，巫山縣政府(fu)和(he)林業部門(men)及各鄉鎮，對(dui)五里坡(po)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)的(de)森林資源(yuan)和(he)動植物(wu)資源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)得很(hen)好。建(jian)立國家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)后(hou)，將依法(fa)更加(jia)強(qiang)化(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)，對(dui)旅游資源(yuan)進行保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)性(xing)(xing)科學(xue)開發和(he)合理利用(yong)，為保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)三峽庫區(qu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境再立新(xin)功。自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)是生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建(jian)設的(de)重(zhong)要載體(ti)。建(jian)立自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)是保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境、自(zi)然(ran)資源(yuan)的(de)有(you)效措施，是加(jia)快轉變經濟發展(zhan)方式、實現可持(chi)續發展(zhan)的(de)積極(ji)手段(duan)。國家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)主要保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)對(dui)象的(de)典型(xing)性(xing)(xing)、稀有(you)性(xing)(xing)、瀕危(wei)性(xing)(xing)、代表性(xing)(xing)較強(qiang)，在(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)樣性(xing)(xing)和(he)生(sheng)物(wu)資源(yuan)、維護(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統服(fu)務功能(neng)等方面具有(you)重(zhong)要作用(yong)。
巧笑倩兮 
