自20世紀80年代中(zhong)期,南(nan)華山腹地的海原縣水沖寺(si)、五橋溝、靈光寺(si)林場等幾個林業單位,成為當地林草植被建(jian)設的重點區域。
1993年10月,海(hai)原縣在南(nan)華(hua)山成立10萬畝水源涵養林基地建設指揮(hui)部。
1997年,在水源涵養林(lin)基地建設指揮部(bu)的礎上,合并(bing)原南華山牧場(chang),成立南華山水源涵養林(lin)總(zong)場(chang)。
2004年,寧夏回族(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)九(jiu)屆人大(da)二次會議上,部分人大(da)代表遞交(jiao)了建立(li)南(nan)華山自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)的議案,劃定南(nan)華山為省(sheng)級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu),2004年底,寧夏回族(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)人民政府批準(zhun)成立(li)海原縣南(nan)華山區(qu)(qu)(qu)級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)。 ?
2014年(nian)12月5日,經國務(wu)院(yuan)辦公廳(ting)批準,晉升為國家級自(zi)然保護(hu)區。
寧夏南華山國家級(ji)自然保(bao)護區(qu)位于(yu)寧夏回族自治區(qu)中部(bu)的(de)中衛市海原(yuan)縣(xian),分布(bu)于(yu)縣(xian)域中心部(bu)位。
南(nan)華(hua)山所屬區域大地構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)屬于(yu)較(jiao)活動的(de)秦祁(qi)昆(kun)地槽褶皺(zhou)系(xi)“北(bei)祁(qi)連(lian)褶皺(zhou)系(xi)的(de)北(bei)祁(qi)連(lian)走廊過渡帶”,按(an)板塊(kuai)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)觀點(dian),本區域所屬大地構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)位(wei)置位(wei)于(yu)秦嶺(ling)—祁(qi)連(lian)活動帶祁(qi)連(lian)—北(bei)秦嶺(ling)褶皺(zhou)系(xi)的(de)北(bei)祁(qi)連(lian)加里東褶皺(zhou)帶南(nan)華(hua)山斷(duan)褶帶。
南(nan)華(hua)山(shan)出露(lu)地層由老到(dao)新(xin)包括中(zhong)元古界(jie)長城(cheng)系(xi)(xi)南(nan)華(hua)山(shan)群(qun)(Chnh)、薊縣系(xi)(xi)園河(he)群(qun)(Jxyh)、下古生(sheng)(sheng)界(jie)志留系(xi)(xi)上統旱(han)峽(xia)組(S3h)、上古生(sheng)(sheng)界(jie)泥盆系(xi)(xi)中(zhong)統石(shi)峽(xia)溝組(D2s)和(he)石(shi)炭系(xi)(xi)中(zhong)統羊(yang)虎(hu)溝組(C2y)、中(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)界(jie)白堊系(xi)(xi)下統六盤山(shan)群(qun)(K1l)、新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)界(jie)古近系(xi)(xi)始新(xin)統寺口(kou)子組(E2s)和(he)漸新(xin)統清水營(ying)組(E2q)、新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)界(jie)新(xin)近系(xi)(xi)中(zhong)新(xin)統紅(hong)柳溝組(N1h)和(he)第四系(xi)(xi)沖、洪積物(wu)及黃(huang)土(tu)沉(chen)積。
南(nan)華山(shan)地(di)區(qu)出露(lu)了早古生代中酸性巖(yan)漿巖(yan),分布(bu)在山(shan)體西北(bei)、北(bei)東(dong)側和西側。南(nan)華山(shan)地(di)區(qu)出露(lu)的(de)花崗閃長(chang)巖(yan)體,受南(nan)西華山(shan)深(shen)大(da)斷裂控制,呈北(bei)西-南(nan)東(dong)向展布(bu),構成(cheng)巖(yan)漿巖(yan)帶。分別沿(yan)南(nan)華山(shan)南(nan)、北(bei)斷裂帶侵入(ru)于元古界地(di)層(ceng)中,呈巖(yan)株、巖(yan)瘤狀產(chan)出,屬淺成(cheng)侵入(ru)體。
南(nan)華山地區位(wei)于(yu)(yu)寧夏(xia)南(nan)部(bu)向北(bei)東突出的弧形構造體系之中,屬于(yu)(yu)該體系年(nian)代新,晚新生代以來持(chi)續上升,構成西華山—南(nan)華山弧形構造山地。
南(nan)(nan)華山(shan)地(di)區(qu)出(chu)露老的地(di)層為中元(yuan)古界(jie)長城系南(nan)(nan)華山(shan)群(Chnh),為一套綠片巖(yan)(yan)(yan)-云母片巖(yan)(yan)(yan)-大理巖(yan)(yan)(yan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石組合,原巖(yan)(yan)(yan)為海(hai)(hai)底火山(shan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)和優地(di)槽(cao)型海(hai)(hai)相(xiang)沉積(ji),表明在(zai)中元(yuan)古代(dai)(dai)早(zao)期(qi)發(fa)生強(qiang)(qiang)烈(lie)的拉張和裂陷,中元(yuan)古代(dai)(dai)末期(qi),在(zai)五(wu)臺運動(dong)作用下,轉變為擠(ji)壓體(ti)系,經過北祁(qi)連(lian)洋殼向南(nan)(nan)側西寧—蘭州(zhou)微(wei)板塊下俯沖,海(hai)(hai)槽(cao)封閉,褶皺(zhou)隆(long)起。早(zao)古生代(dai)(dai)再度強(qiang)(qiang)烈(lie)拗陷,早(zao)古生代(dai)(dai)后期(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)烈(lie)的加里(li)東運動(dong)使北祁(qi)連(lian)海(hai)(hai)槽(cao)前寒武紀地(di)層褶皺(zhou)抬(tai)升,并(bing)伴有中酸性巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)體(ti)侵入。經剝蝕后,在(zai)山(shan)前低(di)地(di)堆積(ji)了(le)(le)泥盆(pen)(pen)系陸(lu)相(xiang)紅色碎(sui)屑巖(yan)(yan)(yan),經過夷平和沉降又接受(shou)了(le)(le)石炭(tan)系的深灰(hui)色泥巖(yan)(yan)(yan)夾(jia)砂巖(yan)(yan)(yan)和薄煤(mei)層沉積(ji)。二疊紀早(zao)期(qi)本區(qu)基本上脫離了(le)(le)海(hai)(hai)洋環境(jing)發(fa)育(yu)陸(lu)相(xiang)沉積(ji)。印(yin)支、燕山(shan)運動(dong)使該地(di)區(qu)多次發(fa)生褶皺(zhou)與沖斷,進而(er)控制了(le)(le)中、新生代(dai)(dai)山(shan)間斷陷盆(pen)(pen)地(di)的發(fa)生與發(fa)展。山(shan)體(ti)進一步抬(tai)升,在(zai)山(shan)前前緣盆(pen)(pen)地(di)內發(fa)育(yu)了(le)(le)白堊紀和第三紀沉積(ji)。?
南華(hua)山(shan)(shan)是寧夏南部六(liu)盤(pan)山(shan)(shan)、月亮(liang)山(shan)(shan)、南華(hua)山(shan)(shan)、西華(hua)山(shan)(shan)弧形山(shan)(shan)地(di)的一部分,為侵蝕(shi)構造中山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)地(di)地(di)貌(mao)。山(shan)(shan)體呈(cheng)(cheng)西北—東南走向,山(shan)(shan)體內(nei)部沖溝(gou)切(qie)割強烈,斷層巖壁較(jiao)為發育;溝(gou)系呈(cheng)(cheng)放射狀(zhuang)(zhuang),羽狀(zhuang)(zhuang)展布;山(shan)(shan)脊呈(cheng)(cheng)尖棱狀(zhuang)(zhuang)、魚脊狀(zhuang)(zhuang)、齒狀(zhuang)(zhuang),有(you)的經風化剝蝕(shi)成渾圓狀(zhuang)(zhuang)。高峰馬萬山(shan)(shan)2954.6米(mi)(mi),平均海拔(ba)2600米(mi)(mi)左右(you),溝(gou)口海拔(ba)一般北麓2000米(mi)(mi),南麓2200米(mi)(mi),相對(dui)高差700~900米(mi)(mi)左右(you)。
南華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)山(shan)(shan)地區地貌形成與演(yan)化明顯受地質構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)和(he)巖(yan)層控制。南華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)山(shan)(shan)—西華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)山(shan)(shan)深大斷(duan)(duan)(duan)裂從元古代(dai)開始(shi)一(yi)直影響本(ben)(ben)區的構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)和(he)沉(chen)積。南華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)體自二疊紀早期(qi)(qi)脫(tuo)離了(le)海洋環境后,長時期(qi)(qi)處于隆升(sheng)剝蝕狀態,只是在山(shan)(shan)前前緣盆地內發育(yu)了(le)白堊紀和(he)第三紀沉(chen)積。中(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)(xin)世(shi)時,曾(ceng)先后發生過兩次(ci)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)變(bian)形,造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)成了(le)山(shan)(shan)體隆升(sheng)和(he)紅柳溝組(zu)與清水營組(zu)之間的角度(du)不整合。上新(xin)(xin)世(shi)末期(qi)(qi)—更新(xin)(xin)世(shi)以來新(xin)(xin)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)運動活(huo)躍,構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)變(bian)形在本(ben)(ben)區較中(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)(xin)世(shi)兩次(ci)構(gou)(gou)(gou)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)變(bian)形更加強烈(lie),南、西華(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)山(shan)(shan)北麓斷(duan)(duan)(duan)裂強烈(lie)活(huo)動,山(shan)(shan)體進(jin)一(yi)步隆升(sheng),盆地進(jin)一(yi)步斷(duan)(duan)(duan)陷,第四(si)紀地層被(bei)錯斷(duan)(duan)(duan),形成山(shan)(shan)邊斷(duan)(duan)(duan)陷,引起水系、山(shan)(shan)脊和(he)階地的變(bian)化。
寧(ning)夏南華(hua)山國(guo)家級自然(ran)保護區屬北溫(wen)(wen)帶(dai)大陸性(xing)季風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候,氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)由山麓向山頂逐漸降低(di)。南華(hua)山冷(leng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)在(zai)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen),月(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為-9.8℃,熱月(yue)(yue)(yue)在(zai)7月(yue)(yue)(yue),月(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為10.9℃,全年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為0.8℃,年(nian)(nian)較差 20.7℃。平(ping)(ping)(ping)均年(nian)(nian)降雨量為 495.5毫(hao)米(mi),降雨主(zhu)要分(fen)布在(zai)植物(wu)生長季的5~9月(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen),占全年(nian)(nian)降雨量的77.15%。
寧夏南(nan)華山(shan)國家級自然保護區水文特(te)點是山(shan)間河(he)谷及山(shan)洪溝(gou)(gou)(gou)較多,但地表(biao)徑流不(bu)大(da),多為間歇河(he),季節性(xing)變化大(da),遇到暴(bao)雨即(ji)發(fa)洪水,雨后基本干(gan)涸,部(bu)分降水滲(shen)入地下,以(yi)泉水的(de)形式溢出;地下水受地質(zhi)構造的(de)影響,而大(da)氣降水是地下水的(de)重要補(bu)給來源(yuan)。南(nan)華山(shan)山(shan)體(ti)內部(bu)沖溝(gou)(gou)(gou)切割強(qiang)烈,溝(gou)(gou)(gou)谷水系(xi)呈放射狀、羽狀展布,分別屬于清水河(he)水系(xi)二(er)級流域的(de)西河(he)流域和莧(xian)麻河(he)流域。南(nan)華山(shan)有大(da)小沖溝(gou)(gou)(gou)約(yue)35條,分別匯入西河(he)、莧(xian)麻河(he)。
寧(ning)夏南華山(shan)國(guo)家級自然保護區(qu)內林(lin)草茂密,植被覆蓋度高,有利于涵養(yang)水源,降(jiang)水滲(shen)入地下,在山(shan)麓以泉(quan)眼(yan)的(de)形成溢出地表(biao),是(shi)周圍鄉(鎮)人畜飲水的(de)重要(yao)水源。
寧夏南華山國家級(ji)自然保(bao)護區由于不(bu)同的(de)海拔高度(du)(du),陰坡和陽坡,所接受的(de)陽光不(bu)同、降水和相對濕度(du)(du)的(de)不(bu)同、植(zhi)被類(lei)型(xing)的(de)不(bu)同,形成以垂直地帶性土(tu)壤灰褐土(tu)和山麓(lu)為(wei)基帶土(tu)壤黑壚土(tu)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)土(tu)類(lei)。
灰(hui)(hui)褐土一般分(fen)布在海拔2000~2955米(mi)之間,其下部與(yu)水平地帶性(xing)土壤黑壚土銜接,成土母(mu)質為(wei)紅(hong)(hong)色(se)、紫紅(hong)(hong)色(se)和雜色(se)砂巖(yan)、灰(hui)(hui)綠色(se)云母(mu)片巖(yan)的風(feng)化物(wu),土壤有(you)(you)機質含(han)量高,黑色(se)腐(fu)殖質層較厚,有(you)(you)輕度(du)淋溶現象發生(sheng),剖面中下部質地較表層土黏,有(you)(you)石灰(hui)(hui)淀積。分(fen)為(wei)暗(an)灰(hui)(hui)褐土:主要分(fen)布在海拔2600米(mi)以(yi)上(shang)的山(shan)脊和陰坡中上(shang)部比(bi)較平緩處;石灰(hui)(hui)性(xing)灰(hui)(hui)褐土:大部分(fen)位(wei)于海拔2600米(mi)以(yi)下的陰坡及山(shan)谷兩旁。
黑壚土(tu)(tu)類(lei)是(shi)南華山(shan)的(de)基帶土(tu)(tu)壤,一(yi)般分(fen)布在海拔2000米以下的(de)山(shan)麓或低山(shan)丘(qiu)陵區,成土(tu)(tu)母(mu)質(zhi)多為(wei)第四紀黃土(tu)(tu)。顯(xian)著(zhu)的(de)特征是(shi)剖面(mian)中(zhong)有比較(jiao)(jiao)深厚、暗灰(hui)色的(de)有機質(zhi)層和明顯(xian)的(de)石灰(hui)質(zhi)假菌絲(si)體,整個剖面(mian)質(zhi)地比較(jiao)(jiao)均一(yi),土(tu)(tu)壤比較(jiao)(jiao)肥沃(wo)。
寧(ning)夏南華山國家級(ji)自然保護區(qu)地(di)域范圍分別(bie)與海城(cheng)鎮、史(shi)店(dian)鄉、曹(cao)洼鄉、紅羊鄉、樹臺(tai)鄉和(he)西安鎮接(jie)壤。其地(di)理坐(zuo)標(biao)為東(dong)經105°31′-105°44′,北緯(wei)36°20′-36°33′,呈西北-東(dong)南走向,南北寬19.2千(qian)米(mi),東(dong)西長26.4千(qian)米(mi),總面積(ji)20100.5公頃。
按照(zhao)自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)功(gong)能(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)劃要求,寧夏南華山國家級自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)被區(qu)(qu)(qu)劃為(wei)實驗(yan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、緩(huan)沖區(qu)(qu)(qu)和核心區(qu)(qu)(qu)三個功(gong)能(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。其中,核心區(qu)(qu)(qu)6182.1公頃,緩(huan)沖區(qu)(qu)(qu)5235.3公頃,實驗(yan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)8683.1公頃。東南以(yi)(yi)(yi)亂(luan)堆子、洼里、老虎崾(yao)峴(xian)、柳(liu)樹(shu)灣(wan)、莧麻(ma)灣(wan)、石塘為(wei)界(jie),西(xi)部以(yi)(yi)(yi)種田溝(gou)、水(shui)擔(dan)溝(gou),新莊子、崾(yao)峴(xian)、陽屲(wa)、王坡(po)(po)、龔灣(wan)為(wei)界(jie),北(bei)部以(yi)(yi)(yi)菜(cai)園、野狐坡(po)(po)、刺兒溝(gou)、小(xiao)山、山門、蘆(lu)子溝(gou)、油房院為(wei)界(jie)。四(si)至界(jie)限以(yi)(yi)(yi)標牌、宣傳(chuan)欄、巡(xun)護道路及鐵絲圍欄為(wei)明顯標志(zhi)。
寧夏(xia)南華山國家級自然保(bao)護區(qu)的主要保(bao)護對象(xiang)為山地森(sen)林生(sheng)態系統和山地草(cao)原與(yu)草(cao)甸生(sheng)態系統。
截至2013年,寧(ning)夏南華(hua)山(shan)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級自然保護區共有(you)(you)野(ye)生(sheng)維(wei)管植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu) 426 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(包(bao)括(kuo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以下單(dan)位(wei)),隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)58科,203屬(shu)(shu)(shu)。其(qi)中蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)2科2屬(shu)(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)2科5屬(shu)(shu)(shu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);被(bei)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)54科196屬(shu)(shu)(shu)416種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。保護區近一半(ban)的(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)都有(you)(you)程度不(bu)同、類型不(bu)同的(de)資(zi)源(yuan)價(jia)值,多(duo)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于資(zi)源(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。其(qi)中有(you)(you)藥(yao)用植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)60余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如黃芪、升麻、黨參、天仙子(zi)、補血草等(deng);有(you)(you)油(you)料植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)十(shi)余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如山(shan)杏(xing)、風花(hua)菜(cai)、虎榛子(zi)等(deng);有(you)(you)飼(si)草植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)20余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如大針(zhen)茅、長芒(mang)草、短(duan)花(hua)針(zhen)茅等(deng);有(you)(you)園林綠化與材用經濟(ji)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)30余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如華(hua)北紫丁香、毛葉忍冬等(deng)。南華(hua)山(shan)的(de)野(ye)生(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中還有(you)(you)淀(dian)粉植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、纖維(wei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、單(dan)寧(ning)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、花(hua)卉觀賞植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、食用果菜(cai)類、蜜源(yuan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、芳香植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)用途的(de)野(ye)生(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),有(you)(you)的(de)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)兼具(ju)多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)價(jia)值。有(you)(you)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)一級重點保護植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)發菜(cai),二級重點保護植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蒙古(gu)扁(bian)桃、華(hua)北駝絨藜、短(duan)芒(mang)披堿草、中麻黃。
寧(ning)夏(xia)在中國動(dong)物(wu)地理區(qu)(qu)劃上(shang)(shang)跨蒙(meng)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)的東部草原(yuan)亞區(qu)(qu)、西部荒漠(mo)亞區(qu)(qu)和華北(bei)(bei)區(qu)(qu)的黃(huang)土高原(yuan)亞區(qu)(qu)三個亞區(qu)(qu)。寧(ning)夏(xia)南華山國家(jia)級(ji)自然保護區(qu)(qu)處(chu)在蒙(meng)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)的西部荒漠(mo)亞區(qu)(qu)邊緣。從動(dong)物(wu)區(qu)(qu)系(xi)成分上(shang)(shang)來看,蒙(meng)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)成分占(zhan)有優勢,華北(bei)(bei)區(qu)(qu)與蒙(meng)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)物(wu)種混雜程度大,帶有明顯(xian)的過渡特征。?
截至2013年,寧夏南華(hua)山國家級自然保(bao)護區有脊椎動(dong)物有5綱(gang)26目57科(ke)126屬(shu)(shu)173種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(含(han)116亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))。其中,魚綱(gang)2目3科(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),兩(liang)(liang)棲綱(gang)1目2科(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),爬行綱(gang)2目5科(ke)6屬(shu)(shu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(含(han)1亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)),鳥綱(gang)15目33科(ke)80屬(shu)(shu)115種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(含(han)80亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)),哺(bu)乳綱(gang)6目14科(ke) 30屬(shu)(shu)36種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(含(han)35亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))。以鳥類(lei)占優勢,哺(bu)乳類(lei)次之,兩(liang)(liang)棲類(lei)少。
在脊椎(zhui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)資源中(zhong),有(you)(you)(you)國家重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)22種(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)屬(shu)于國家Ⅰ級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)為金雕(diao)1種(zhong)(zhong),Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)21種(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)鳥(niao)類(lei)Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)17種(zhong)(zhong)(有(you)(you)(you):鳶、蒼鷹(ying)、雀(que)鷹(ying)、松雀(que)鷹(ying)、大天鵝、草原雕(diao)、禿鷲、白尾鷂(yao)、獵隼(sun)、燕隼(sun)、紅腳隼(sun)、紅隼(sun)、雕(diao)鴞、長耳鴞、縱紋腹小鴞等),哺乳類(lei)Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)4種(zhong)(zhong)(荒(huang)漠貓、兔(tu)獼、豹貓、巖(yan)羊)。《瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)國際(ji)貿易(yi)公約》(CITES)規(gui)定的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)25種(zhong)(zhong),列入國際(ji)自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)聯盟(IUCN)瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)等級(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)名錄(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)24種(zhong)(zhong),列入《中(zhong)國瀕(bin)(bin)危(wei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)紅皮書》動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)名錄(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)9種(zhong)(zhong),有(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)日保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)候鳥(niao)及其(qi)(qi)(qi)棲(qi)(qi)息環境協(xie)定規(gui)定的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)42種(zhong)(zhong),有(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)澳保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)候鳥(niao)及其(qi)(qi)(qi)棲(qi)(qi)息環境協(xie)定規(gui)定的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)13種(zhong)(zhong),列入國家保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)益的(de)(de)或(huo)者有(you)(you)(you)重(zhong)要經濟、科學研(yan)究價值的(de)(de)陸(lu)生(sheng)野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)名錄(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)65種(zhong)(zhong),屬(shu)于寧夏重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)(you)35種(zhong)(zhong)。
寧夏南華山國家級自然保護(hu)區(qu)有昆蟲16目(mu)(mu)(mu)132科(ke)(ke)530種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。主要由鞘翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)、鱗翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)、半(ban)(ban)翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)、雙(shuang)翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)、直翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)和膜翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類組成,其中鞘翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)34科(ke)(ke)179種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、鱗翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)26科(ke)(ke)156種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、半(ban)(ban)翅(chi)(chi)目(mu)(mu)(mu)18科(ke)(ke)56種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),6個目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)科(ke)(ke)數(shu)為110科(ke)(ke)、占保護(hu)區(qu)昆蟲總科(ke)(ke)數(shu)的(de)83.33%,物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)為480種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、占保護(hu)區(qu)昆蟲總種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類數(shu)的(de)90.56%。
寧夏南華山國(guo)家級(ji)自然保護區(qu)管(guan)理(li)機構為南華山自然保護區(qu)管(guan)理(li)處,實(shi)行(xing)三級(ji)管(guan)理(li)體制,行(xing)政上直屬(shu)海原縣人(ren)民(min)政府(fu)領(ling)導(dao),業務(wu)接受寧夏林(lin)業局(ju)和中衛市林(lin)業局(ju)指導(dao)。保護區(qu)管(guan)理(li)處下(xia)設(she)辦(ban)公室、科研中心、計劃(hua)財(cai)務(wu)科、管(guan)理(li)站、保護點、檢查站。
寧夏南華山國家級(ji)自然(ran)保護區(qu)功能(neng)區(qu)劃調整后,原來設(she)立(li)在四橋的管(guan)(guan)理機(ji)構成為(wei)核心區(qu),管(guan)(guan)理機(ji)構搬遷到縣城,由縣政(zheng)府調劑辦(ban)公(gong)場(chang)地。
截至2013年,寧夏南華(hua)山(shan)國(guo)家級自然保護區有管(guan)理站6個、瞭望塔(ta)2個、設立(li)(li)解(jie)說牌2塊(kuai)(kuai),大宣傳牌2塊(kuai)(kuai),小宣傳牌60塊(kuai)(kuai)。在周邊設立(li)(li)固定標準地60塊(kuai)(kuai)。配有少量計算機(ji)等(deng)(deng)辦(ban)公設備,及(ji)公務車、對講機(ji)、GPS、通訊(xun)和科(ke)研設備等(deng)(deng)。