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歷史沿革

1997年江西省崇義縣人民政府建立了齊云山縣級自然保護區。

2004年江西省人(ren)民政府將(jiang)其批(pi)準為省級自然保護區。

2012年1月(yue)21日國務院批準將齊云山自然保護(hu)區晉(jin)升(sheng)為國家級自然保護(hu)區。

地理環境

水文

齊云(yun)山(shan)自然保護區溪河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)縱橫，河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流密布，2km以上(shang)的(de)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)（溪）流有13條，累計(ji)長(chang)度(du)70.4km。各河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流名稱及長(chang)度(du)分別為：新地河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)12.5km，桶江河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)8.5km，十(shi)八壘河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)7km，冬瓜坪(ping)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)6km，均源(yuan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)5.2km，橫河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、楊柳洞河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、諸廣山(shan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)各5km，大水(shui)(shui)坑河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)4. 5 km，雪竹(zhu)窩河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)4.2km，茶坑河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)3km，石盤山(shan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)2.5km，正(zheng)井河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)2km，上(shang)述河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流均匯入上(shang)猶江后入章江、贛江。這些(xie)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流的(de)年總徑流量約4.3億m3，平(ping)均流速2.11m/秒(miao)，平(ping)均水(shui)(shui)面寬8.03m，平(ping)均水(shui)(shui)深1.0m。由于區內人(ren)類干擾較少，水(shui)(shui)質均為Ⅰ類。

地質地貌

齊云山自然保護區海拔最低為300m，最高為2061.3m，即齊云山頂峰，為贛南最高峰，江西第四高峰，相對高差達1761.3m。區內群山疊起，溪河縱橫，超過海拔1200m的山峰有35座，其中1500m以上有18座。地貌形態類型以山岳型中山-亞高山地貌為主體，次為中低山(shan)地貌；地貌成因(yin)類型以花崗巖山(shan)岳(yue)地貌為(wei)主，主體(ti)屬于構(gou)造(zao)切割侵(qin)蝕+流水(shui)浸蝕+風(feng)化剝(bo)蝕地貌，少量堆積地貌。

齊云山(shan)(shan)自然保護區地處華夏板(ban)塊、南嶺緯向構造帶與羅霄(xiao)經向構造帶的結合地段(duan)，區域構造型(xing)式呈“⊥”型(xing)特點。區內地層(ceng)出露有(you)(you)(you)新(xin)元(yuan)古(gu)代(dai)(dai)震(zhen)旦系(xi)至早(zao)古(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)代(dai)(dai)寒武系(xi)、奧(ao)陶系(xi)海相沉積(ji)(ji)變質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)系(xi)（淺變質(zhi)）和(he)晚(wan)古(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)代(dai)(dai)的泥盆系(xi)，少量第四(si)紀松散堆積(ji)(ji)物沿沖溝水系(xi)或底洼（凹）地零(ling)星(xing)分(fen)布。齊云山(shan)(shan)自然保護區內巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以中生(sheng)(sheng)代(dai)(dai)燕山(shan)(shan)期(qi)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)為主，次為早(zao)古(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)代(dai)(dai)末的加(jia)(jia)里東期(qi)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)石(shi)類型(xing)多樣，有(you)(you)(you)花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)閃長巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、二長花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、鉀長花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等；還有(you)(you)(you)比較發育的脈巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，如偉晶巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、細晶巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、輝綠(lv)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等。廣泛出露、復雜多樣的內部(bu)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，組成了羅霄(xiao)山(shan)(shan)脈中段(duan)諸廣山(shan)(shan)復式巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)基的一部(bu)分(fen)，該(gai)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)基分(fen)別(bie)有(you)(you)(you)加(jia)(jia)里東期(qi)的中酸(suan)性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)石(shi)，燕山(shan)(shan)中晚(wan)期(qi)的酸(suan)性(xing)、酸(suan)堿(jian)性(xing)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，堿(jian)長花(hua)崗(gang)(gang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。區內巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)活動劃(hua)分(fen)為加(jia)(jia)里東和(he)燕山(shan)(shan)兩個旋迥。

區內(nei)重要(yao)古生物(wu)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)有(you)寒武紀的海綿骨針(zhen)、三(san)葉(xie)蟲、腕足動物(wu)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)，奧(ao)陶(tao)紀的筆石(shi)(shi)動物(wu)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)，泥盆(pen)紀的腕足、時代老的魚類(lei)及植物(wu)化(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)等。崇(chong)義地區奧(ao)陶(tao)紀筆石(shi)(shi)動物(wu)群十分豐富，筆石(shi)(shi)序列完(wan)整，與大洋洲(zhou)和北(bei)美洲(zhou)同(tong)期筆石(shi)(shi)動物(wu)群關系(xi)密切(qie)，而與歐洲(zhou)同(tong)期筆石(shi)(shi)動物(wu)群迥異，屬(shu)于(yu)典(dian)型的太平洋筆石(shi)(shi)動物(wu)群。

氣象

齊云(yun)山(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保護(hu)區屬中亞熱帶(dai)山(shan)(shan)地(di)濕潤季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣候(hou)，四(si)季(ji)(ji)分明(ming)、冬(dong)長夏短、春遲秋(qiu)(qiu)早，春夏冬(dong)3季(ji)(ji)濕潤，秋(qiu)(qiu)季(ji)(ji)干燥，光(guang)照適(shi)宜。山(shan)(shan)地(di)立體氣候(hou)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)，從山(shan)(shan)麓至(zhi)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)相當于橫跨亞熱帶(dai)和(he)溫(wen)帶(dai)兩個(ge)氣候(hou)帶(dai)，加之獨特的(de)地(di)形地(di)貌(mao)及保存(cun)完好(hao)的(de)森(sen)林植被(bei)，使得保護(hu)區在溫(wen)度、降(jiang)水和(he)光(guang)照等氣象要素隨海拔的(de)升(sheng)高呈現(xian)出(chu)明(ming)顯(xian)(xian)的(de)垂直變(bian)化規律。

齊云山自然保(bao)護區(qu)年平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為9.5～17.8℃，隨海拔(ba)高(gao)度的增加(jia)而降低。一(yi)年中各月(yue)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)7月(yue)最(zui)高(gao)，1月(yue)最(zui)低；海拔(ba)500m以上山區(qu)，7～8月(yue)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)低于25℃，相當于山麓崇(chong)義縣城5月(yue)、9月(yue)的平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)；以平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)≥22℃為夏季(ji)的標(biao)準，則(ze)自然保(bao)護區(qu)海拔(ba)1000m以上無(wu)(wu)夏季(ji)，海拔(ba)800m—1000m地區(qu)有夏季(ji)但(dan)無(wu)(wu)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。

齊(qi)云山自(zi)然保護(hu)區無霜期根據海拔(ba)高度的不同變幅比(bi)較大，海拔(ba)300m以(yi)下，平均為268天；海拔(ba)2000m以(yi)上，平均為183天，山頂和山麓相差近80余天。

齊云山自(zi)然保護區年平(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)1568.7mm。全年最大降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)以海拔(ba)415m的關田為(wei)最大，海拔(ba)610m的雞公(gong)壩(ba)年降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)最少。

區域范圍

江(jiang)西齊(qi)云(yun)山(shan)自然保護區(qu)位于江(jiang)西省(sheng)西南(nan)邊陲崇義縣西北(bei)(bei)部，地處(chu)湘贛兩(liang)省(sheng)界(jie)山(shan)——羅霄山(shan)脈(mo)的南(nan)端，南(nan)嶺(ling)山(shan)地北(bei)(bei)坡，屬中亞(ya)熱帶東部濕潤型季(ji)風氣候區(qu)。齊(qi)云(yun)山(shan)是羅霄山(shan)脈(mo)南(nan)端諸(zhu)廣(guang)山(shan)脈(mo)主峰，海(hai)拔2061.3米，為(wei)贛南(nan)第一高峰。齊(qi)云(yun)山(shan)保護區(qu)地理坐標為(wei)：東經113°54′37″—114°07′34″，北(bei)(bei)緯25°41′47″—25°54′21″，總(zong)面積17105公頃。

保護目標

該保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)現(xian)已記(ji)錄高(gao)等植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)270科1031屬2843種，占全省高(gao)等植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)總(zong)數的55.9%；脊椎動物(wu)(wu)(wu)34目(mu)101科394種，占全省脊椎動物(wu)(wu)(wu)總(zong)數的46.6%，其(qi)中(zhong)國家重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)野生植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)17種、國家重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)野生動物(wu)(wu)(wu)50種。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)還(huan)保(bao)存有長(chang)(chang)苞(bao)鐵杉、大果馬蹄(ti)荷、五列目(mu)、天目(mu)紫莖、伯樂樹等眾多(duo)特(te)色植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun)落，其(qi)中(zhong)長(chang)(chang)苞(bao)鐵杉總(zong)面(mian)積608.5公(gong)頃、總(zong)數量超過27萬株，極為罕見。此(ci)外，保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)還(huan)是(shi)中(zhong)國候鳥中(zhong)部遷徙的重要(yao)驛站之一，每(mei)年數十(shi)萬候鳥南遷北返途經此(ci)地(di)。

自然資源

植物資源

齊云(yun)山自(zi)然保護區高等植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)2843種(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)于270科(ke)1031屬(shu)(shu)(shu)，其中(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)178科(ke)847屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2422種(zhong)(zhong)（裸(luo)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)9科(ke)17屬(shu)(shu)(shu)20種(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)169科(ke)830屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2402種(zhong)(zhong)）；蕨(jue)類植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)40科(ke)85屬(shu)(shu)(shu)229種(zhong)(zhong)；苔蘚植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)52科(ke)99屬(shu)(shu)(shu)192種(zhong)(zhong)。在種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)中(zhong)，人(ren)工栽培52科(ke)97屬(shu)(shu)(shu)139種(zhong)(zhong)，天然分布168科(ke)784屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2256種(zhong)(zhong)（裸(luo)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)7科(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)(shu)10種(zhong)(zhong)，被(bei)子(zi)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)161科(ke)777屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2246種(zhong)(zhong)）。鑒定出(chu)大型(xing)真菌40科(ke)87屬(shu)(shu)(shu)182種(zhong)(zhong)。

齊云山自然保護區天然分布的植物中：國家重點保護野生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)（第(di)Ⅰ批(pi)(pi)，1999年）有17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一級3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二(er)(er)級14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。這(zhe)些(xie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)隸屬(shu)于(yu)17科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)17屬(shu)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蕨(jue)類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，裸子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)12科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)12屬(shu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)紅(hong)皮(pi)書》（第(di)一批(pi)(pi)）的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)有20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，漸危(wei)(wei)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，稀有10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)《瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)野生動植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)際貿易公(gong)約(yue)（CITES）附錄》（2007）的有3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)72種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)多(duo)，計74種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)《IUCN物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)色名錄（2007）》的有20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易危(wei)(wei)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，低(di)危(wei)(wei)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；列入(ru)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)色名錄》（2007）的有88種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)瀕(bin)危(wei)(wei)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易危(wei)(wei)37種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，近危(wei)(wei)38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。江(jiang)西省級重點保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)（2005年）有140種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一級保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)53種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)于(yu)紫金(jin)(jin)牛科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蕓香科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)，達(da)51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；二(er)(er)級保(bao)(bao)護23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)于(yu)松科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、冬青科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等15科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)杜英科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、松科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、千屈(qu)菜科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）四科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)較(jiao)多(duo)，其(qi)余科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)均只含1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；三級保(bao)(bao)護65種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)于(yu)觀音(yin)坐蓮科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、三尖杉(shan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、杜鵑花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、殼斗(dou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、百合科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)等34科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，以(yi)樟科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、木蘭(lan)(lan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、殼斗(dou)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、山茶科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、蝶形花科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、金(jin)(jin)縷梅科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)（3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）等6科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，這(zhe)些(xie)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)所(suo)含種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)超過所(suo)有三級保(bao)(bao)護種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)的一半。

按中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)分類系統(tong)及分類原則（中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)編(bian)輯委員會(hui),1980），齊云山(shan)自(zi)然保護區(qu)的植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)(xing)歸納(na)為4個(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型(xing)(xing)組（vegetation type group），11個(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型(xing)(xing)（vegetation type），70個(ge)群系（formation）。按中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)區(qu)劃（江西森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)編(bian)委會(hui),1986），齊云山(shan)自(zi)然保護區(qu)所(suo)處的位置是：Ⅳ 亞(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)常(chang)綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉林(lin)(lin)(lin)區(qu)域(yu)，ⅣA東部（濕潤）常(chang)綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉林(lin)(lin)(lin)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)區(qu)域(yu)→ⅣAii中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)常(chang)綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉林(lin)(lin)(lin)地帶(dai)→ ⅣAiib中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)熱帶(dai)常(chang)綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉林(lin)(lin)(lin)南部亞(ya)(ya)(ya)地帶(dai)→I-ⅣAiib-2南嶺山(shan)地丘(qiu)陵(ling)栲(kao)(kao)、楠(nan)、阿(a)丁楓（蕈樹(shu)）林(lin)(lin)(lin)、松杉林(lin)(lin)(lin)區(qu) →ⅣAiia-2（14）桃(tao)江中(zhong)游、貢(gong)水(shui)上游丘(qiu)陵(ling)栲(kao)(kao)、楠(nan)、松杉林(lin)(lin)(lin)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)區(qu)（桃(tao)江、貢(gong)水(shui)丘(qiu)陵(ling)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)區(qu)）。

齊(qi)云(yun)山自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)植(zhi)被(bei)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)和垂(chui)直(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)各有特(te)征。①在水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)上(shang)(shang),地帶(dai)(dai)(dai)性植(zhi)被(bei)中亞熱帶(dai)(dai)(dai)東部濕潤性常綠(lv)闊(kuo)(kuo)葉林(lin)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)廣、面(mian)積大，主(zhu)要分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)于保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)楊(yang)柳洞、桶江、橫(heng)河、冬瓜坪和上(shang)(shang)、下十八壘，針(zhen)葉林(lin)則主(zhu)要分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)在陡峭的山脊、梁(liang)頂，林(lin)下灌木和草本(ben)層植(zhi)物的分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)也表現(xian)出水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)方向上(shang)(shang)的差(cha)異。②垂(chui)直(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)規律不甚明顯，但仍(reng)可劃成幾個垂(chui)直(zhi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)，依次(ci)是(shi)毛竹林(lin)（400－1100m）——常綠(lv)闊(kuo)(kuo)葉林(lin)（400-1200m）——常綠(lv)-落葉闊(kuo)(kuo)葉混交(jiao)林(lin)（1000－1500m）——針(zhen)闊(kuo)(kuo)混交(jiao)林(lin)（1300－1600m）——山頂矮(ai)林(lin)（1600－1800m）——山地草甸（1800m以上(shang)(shang)）。齊(qi)云(yun)山自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)森(sen)林(lin)覆蓋率97.6%，其中核心(xin)區(qu)97.8%，緩沖區(qu)98.1%，實(shi)驗(yan)區(qu)96.7%。

動物資源

齊云山自然保(bao)護(hu)區動(dong)物資源豐富(fu)，有脊椎動(dong)物34目101科(ke)(ke)394種(zhong)(zhong)，其中哺(bu)乳類8目20科(ke)(ke)45種(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類17目54科(ke)(ke)257種(zhong)(zhong)，爬行(xing)類3目11科(ke)(ke)48種(zhong)(zhong)，兩棲類2目7科(ke)(ke)24種(zhong)(zhong)，魚類4目9科(ke)(ke)20種(zhong)(zhong)。有國家(jia)Ⅰ級重點保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)物4種(zhong)(zhong)，國家(jia)Ⅱ級重點保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)物46種(zhong)(zhong)，珍稀瀕(bin)危動(dong)物57種(zhong)(zhong)。已記錄陸生貝類37種(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)10科(ke)(ke)18屬(shu)(shu)；蜘蛛(zhu)28科(ke)(ke)73屬(shu)(shu)171種(zhong)(zhong)；昆蟲18目162科(ke)(ke)824屬(shu)(shu)1168種(zhong)(zhong)。

管理措施

針(zhen)對森林(lin)這一生態(tai)環境的主題(ti)進(jin)行保護，堅持(chi)生態(tai)優先，生態(tai)建設與生態(tai)保護并重(zhong)，遵循自然規律；同(tong)時，加大林(lin)相改(gai)造科研投入，有計(ji)劃有步驟地改(gai)造人工純林(lin)，增加闊(kuo)葉林(lin)和混交林(lin)的比重(zhong)，改(gai)造林(lin)相，恢(hui)復和提高林(lin)分質(zhi)量(liang)。

開展野生生物(wu)資源(yuan)的(de)(de)本底調(diao)查并制定保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)規劃，切實保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)其物(wu)種的(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)樣性(xing)、遺傳(chuan)多(duo)(duo)樣性(xing)以及生態(tai)系統多(duo)(duo)樣性(xing)。采取就(jiu)地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)、遷地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和離體保(bao)(bao)存相結合的(de)(de)方式(shi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)珍稀(xi)、瀕危物(wu)種，防止物(wu)種滅絕。盡可能地(di)(di)降低(di)旅游開發經營給野生生物(wu)造成的(de)(de)生存威脅(xie)。

生態價值

齊云山保護(hu)(hu)區地(di)處南亞(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)和中(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)過渡區域(yu)，區內既(ji)有(you)(you)大(da)(da)量保護(hu)(hu)較(jiao)為(wei)完(wan)好的(de)(de)南亞(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)植(zhi)被(bei)類(lei)型，又(you)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)東部(bu)(bu)森林(lin)植(zhi)被(bei)類(lei)型保存比較(jiao)完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)(de)地(di)域(yu)，常(chang)綠闊葉林(lin)生(sheng)長尤為(wei)繁茂，是(shi)野生(sheng)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)理想的(de)(de)棲息繁衍場所和中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)夏(xia)候(hou)鳥遷徙(xi)的(de)(de)重要通道之一，更是(shi)瀕(bin)危(wei)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)和許多孑遺植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)避難所。保護(hu)(hu)區內生(sheng)態系統組成成份復雜(za)，類(lei)型豐富，物(wu)(wu)種相對豐度較(jiao)高，珍稀(xi)和地(di)域(yu)性(xing)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)群落(luo)多，保存有(you)(you)重要的(de)(de)長苞鐵(tie)杉、福建柏(bo)、五列木(mu)、天目紫(zi)莖、舟柄(bing)茶(cha)、伯樂(le)樹、蘭科植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)等原生(sheng)群落(luo)，以及分布(bu)廣、面(mian)積(ji)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)果馬蹄荷、南嶺紫(zi)荊、秀(xiu)柱花等南嶺山地(di)特有(you)(you)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)群落(luo)。

因此，齊(qi)云山保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)既保(bao)(bao)留有南亞熱帶(dai)部(bu)分森(sen)林生(sheng)態系統的(de)(de)特征，同時(shi)又(you)具(ju)(ju)有十分典型的(de)(de)中亞熱帶(dai)森(sen)林生(sheng)態系統的(de)(de)完整性，是(shi)兩個區(qu)域生(sheng)態系統的(de)(de)交匯和過(guo)渡(du)帶(dai)。同時(shi)，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)還是(shi)中國中部(bu)候鳥(niao)南北遷徙的(de)(de)重要(yao)通道之(zhi)一。因此，齊(qi)云山保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)對(dui)研究物種起源和進化、遺傳規律(lv)、動植(zhi)物分類、生(sheng)物地(di)理學(xue)具(ju)(ju)有很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)價(jia)值和科研價(jia)值，也是(shi)開展科普宣(xuan)傳和教學(xue)實(shi)習的(de)(de)良好場(chang)所。