自然地理
廣(guang)(guang)西金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)作為(wei)(wei)中國(guo)(guo)唯(wei)一(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)以(yi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)瀕(bin)危雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)對(dui)象的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)順利通過評審(shen),成功晉級(ji)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。這標志著做國(guo)(guo)首個(ge)以(yi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)瀕(bin)危雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)對(dui)象的(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)在(zai)廣(guang)(guang)西隆林各族(zu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)治縣落戶。 廣(guang)(guang)西金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)于(yu)1982年經(jing)廣(guang)(guang)西壯(zhuang)族(zu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)治區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人民(min)政(zheng)府批準建(jian)立廣(guang)(guang)西金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)治區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)級(ji)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),2002年廣(guang)(guang)西壯(zhuang)族(zu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)治區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人民(min)政(zheng)府又進一(yi)(yi)步明(ming)確為(wei)(wei)林業系統自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)治區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)級(ji)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)位于(yu)廣(guang)(guang)西壯(zhuang)族(zu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)治區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)西部,云貴(gui)高原(yuan)南(nan)緣(yuan)(yuan),地處國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)工程——天生橋(qiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)電站上(shang)(shang)游。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)管理處與隆林各族(zu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)治縣金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山鄉人民(min)政(zheng)府相鄰。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)總面(mian)積(ji)20924.4hm2。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)的(de)(de)黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),它不僅(jin)是中國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生動物,同時被列為(wei)(wei)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)瀕(bin)危雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)。全(quan)(quan)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)有(you)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)183種(zhong),中國(guo)(guo)有(you)49種(zhong),金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)有(you)9種(zhong),占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)(quan)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)種(zhong)類(lei)的(de)(de)5%,占(zhan)(zhan)中國(guo)(guo)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)種(zhong)類(lei)的(de)(de)18.4%。全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)數量(liang)大(da)致(zhi)在(zai)1500—3500只(zhi),金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)群(qun)數量(liang)超過300只(zhi),占(zhan)(zhan)廣(guang)(guang)西黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)群(qun)數量(liang)的(de)(de)50%,占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)數量(liang)的(de)(de)10%以(yi)上(shang)(shang),其原(yuan)生性分布(bu)數量(liang)為(wei)(wei)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)少(shao)有(you)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)群(qun)位于(yu)該物種(zhong)分布(bu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)邊緣(yuan)(yuan),在(zai)遺傳多樣性保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)方面(mian)具(ju)(ju)有(you)重(zhong)要(yao)意(yi)(yi)義。因(yin)此,金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)是一(yi)(yi)處具(ju)(ju)有(you)全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)意(yi)(yi)義的(de)(de)、極其重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)黑(hei)頸(jing)(jing)(jing)長(chang)(chang)(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原(yuan)生地和(he)全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)重(zhong)要(yao)棲息地。同時金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)還有(you)13種(zhong)珍稀(xi)瀕(bin)危植物,其中以(yi)貴(gui)州蘇鐵(tie)、隆林蘇鐵(tie)、中華桫欏數量(liang)較多,且分布(bu)面(mian)積(ji)廣(guang)(guang)。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)還有(you)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)工程天生橋(qiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)電站水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)形成的(de)(de)庫(ku)(ku)灣水(shui)(shui)(shui)域面(mian)積(ji)645.3公(gong)頃,是一(yi)(yi)處極其重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)庫(ku)(ku)灣濕地保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域
發展歷程
1955年(nian)(nian)由廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)族自治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)批準成立(li),1958年(nian)(nian)經(jing)廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)族自治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)百色專員公署批準更名為國營金鐘(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)林(lin)場(chang),1982年(nian)(nian)經(jing)廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)族自治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)批準成立(li)“廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)金鐘(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)”,2002年(nian)(nian),廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)族自治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)下文進(jin)一(yi)步明確金鐘(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)為林(lin)業(ye)系(xi)統自治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)級自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)成立(li)二十三年(nian)(nian)來,在(zai)自治(zhi)縣(xian)縣(xian)委、縣(xian)人民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)的(de)(de)領導下,在(zai)各級林(lin)業(ye)主(zhu)管(guan)部門的(de)(de)關(guan)心和(he)幫助下,保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)各項保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)建設(she)事(shi)業(ye)得以(yi)健康、快速的(de)(de)向前發展,保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)生(sheng)物多(duo)樣性得到(dao)(dao)明顯(xian)的(de)(de)恢復,野生(sheng)動植(zhi)物的(de)(de)種(zhong)群(qun)(qun)、數(shu)量顯(xian)著增加;保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)通過封山(shan)(shan)(shan)育林(lin)、荒山(shan)(shan)(shan)造林(lin)、退(tui)耕還林(lin)等措施,使保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)森林(lin)覆蓋率從一(yi)九(jiu)(jiu)八九(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)63%提(ti)高到(dao)(dao)二00五年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)92.1%;森林(lin)蓄積量從一(yi)九(jiu)(jiu)八九(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)108萬(wan)立(li)方(fang)米提(ti)高到(dao)(dao)二00五年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)134.6萬(wan)立(li)方(fang)米,國家一(yi)級保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)動物黑(hei)頸(jing)長(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)群(qun)(qun)數(shu)量顯(xian)著增加。經(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)科研(yan)人員會同(tong)廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)生(sheng)態工程(cheng)職業(ye)技術學(xue)院專家、研(yan)究(jiu)生(sheng)周天福(fu)、莫運(yun)明、謝志明等在(zai)十個管(guan)理片(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)中隨機(ji)抽取龍街(jie)管(guan)理片(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)進(jin)行為期六年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)觀(guan)察(cha)監測,測得龍街(jie)管(guan)理片(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)黑(hei)頸(jing)長(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)群(qun)(qun)數(shu)量從1998年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)10—15只(zhi)增長(chang)到(dao)(dao)2003年(nian)(nian)70—80只(zhi)。2004年(nian)(nian)至2005年(nian)(nian),廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)大學(xue)周放教授帶隊考(kao)察(cha)金鐘(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)黑(hei)頸(jing)長(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),證實金鐘(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)黑(hei)頸(jing)長(chang)尾(wei)雉(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)群(qun)(qun)數(shu)量超過200只(zhi)。
動植物資源
金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)山(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)位于云(yun)貴(gui)高原(yuan)南緣,地跨(kua)隆(long)林與西林兩縣,北與貴(gui)州(zhou)興(xing)義市相望。浩瀚的(de)(de)(de)林海覆蓋(gai)(gai)整個(ge)山(shan)(shan)體,遠望猶如金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)罩頂,金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)山(shan)(shan)由此(ci)而得名(ming)。1982年,金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)山(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)經自(zi)治區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人民政(zheng)府批(pi)準成(cheng)立(li);2008年1月14日(ri),國(guo)務院批(pi)準金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)山(shan)(shan)黑頸長(chang)尾(wei)雉國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)成(cheng)立(li)。 金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)山(shan)(shan)自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)總面(mian)積(ji)2萬多(duo)公(gong)(gong)頃,其中核心區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)8000多(duo)公(gong)(gong)頃,緩沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)4292.4公(gong)(gong)頃,實驗區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)8227.7公(gong)(gong)頃。森林蓄積(ji)量(liang)134.6萬立(li)方米,森林覆蓋(gai)(gai)率(lv)92.10%。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)存完好的(de)(de)(de)亞(ya)熱帶常綠(lv)落葉(xie)闊葉(xie)混(hun)交林是(shi)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)棲息的(de)(de)(de)樂園,區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)有(you)(you)脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)5綱35目110科441種(zhong),有(you)(you)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)一(yi)級重點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)黑頸長(chang)尾(wei)雉、蟒蛇、金(jin)(jin)(jin)雕(diao)、云(yun)豹和(he)林麝5種(zhong),其中黑頸長(chang)尾(wei)雉在全(quan)球(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)群(qun)數(shu)為(wei)1500——3500只(zhi),廣西全(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)擁(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)種(zhong)群(qun)數(shu)為(wei)500只(zhi),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)擁(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)200多(duo)只(zhi),占(zhan)全(quan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)擁(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)將近一(yi)半;有(you)(you)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)級重點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)47種(zhong),自(zi)治區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)重點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)89種(zhong)。此(ci)外(wai),還有(you)(you)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)一(yi)級重點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生植物(wu)(wu)貴(gui)州(zhou)蘇(su)鐵(tie)、隆(long)林蘇(su)鐵(tie)、伯樂樹(shu)3種(zhong);國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)級重點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生植物(wu)(wu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)毛(mao)狗、任豆(dou)、中華(hua)桫欏、櫸樹(shu)、紅椿、毛(mao)紅椿、馬尾(wei)樹(shu)、喜樹(shu)、柄翅果、香果樹(shu)10種(zhong);珍(zhen)(zhen)稀蘭科植物(wu)(wu)53種(zhong);珍(zhen)(zhen)稀瀕(bin)危(wei)植物(wu)(wu)頂果木和(he)蒟(ju)蒻薯2種(zhong)。最值一(yi)提的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)成(cheng)片分(fen)布有(you)(you)世(shi)界性珍(zhen)(zhen)稀瀕(bin)危(wei)殘遺物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)、被(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)植物(wu)(wu)“活化(hua)石”的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)一(yi)級重點(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生植物(wu)(wu)貴(gui)州(zhou)蘇(su)鐵(tie)和(he)隆(long)林蘇(su)鐵(tie),并形成(cheng)了明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)蘇(su)鐵(tie)天然群(qun)落,年齡結構和(he)性比穩定(ding),結實和(he)發(fa)芽率(lv)高,在中國(guo)國(guo)內(nei)外(wai)是(shi)十分(fen)罕見(jian)的(de)(de)(de),這無疑(yi)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)又一(yi)道亮麗的(de)(de)(de)風景。
金鐘山(shan)黑頸長尾雉自然(ran)保護區有區級保護的(de)主要保護植物名錄:
一級保護植物 1、貴州蘇(su)鐵(cycasguizhouensis)、2、隆林蘇(su)鐵(cycaslongliensis)、3、伯樂(le)樹(shu)(BretschneiderasinensisHemsl)
二級保護植物
4、中華桫欏(AlsophilacostularisBak)、5、任豆(ZeniainsignisChun)、6、櫸樹(shu)(Zelkovaserrata(Thunb.)Makino)、7、紅(hong)椿(ToonaciliataRoem)、8、毛紅(hong)椿(ToonaciliataRoem.var.pubescena(Fr.)Hand-Mazz)、9、馬(ma)尾樹(shu)(RhoipteleaChilianthaDielsetHand.-Mazz)、10、金毛狗(gou)(Cibotiumbarometz(Linn.)J.Sm)、11、香果樹(shu)(emmenopteryshenryiOliv)、12、喜樹(shu)(Camptothecaacuminata)13、柄(bing)翅果(Burretiodendronesquirolii(Lévl.)Rehd)、14、杜仲(EucommiaulmoidesOliv)。
發展策略
多(duo)年來,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)一(yi)直非常(chang)重視與社(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)居(ju)民協調(diao)發展關(guan)系(xi)。每(mei)年在春節前后召開一(yi)次保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)及(ji)周(zhou)邊社(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)代(dai)表大(da)會,聽取他(ta)們對(dui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)建設(she)的(de)(de)意見和(he)建議,并對(dui)代(dai)表進行(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)法(fa)律法(fa)規及(ji)森(sen)林防火常(chang)識(shi)的(de)(de)培(pei)訓(xun),使他(ta)們成為保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)建設(she)的(de)(de)帶頭人(ren)。為了提高(gao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)村民的(de)(de)全民保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)意識(shi),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)理(li)處編制(zhi)印發了,做到(dao)(dao)每(mei)戶村民一(yi)冊,每(mei)年派(pai)技術(shu)干(gan)部下到(dao)(dao)各村屯組織(zhi)學(xue)習培(pei)訓(xun)一(yi)次,并通(tong)過學(xue)校(xiao)老(lao)師(shi)對(dui)小學(xue)四(si)年級以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)學(xue)生進行(xing)教學(xue)培(pei)訓(xun)和(he)進行(xing)相關(guan)法(fa)律法(fa)規及(ji)實(shi)用技術(shu)知識(shi)競賽(sai),使保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)村民從(cong)小就知道熱愛自然、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)生態、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)環境。同時(shi),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)理(li)處經(jing)(jing)常(chang)聯系(xi)相關(guan)部門,多(duo)方籌措資(zi)金(jin),為社(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)居(ju)民開通(tong)公路,修(xiu)建自來水、沼氣池(chi)、拉通(tong)照(zhao)明生活用電(dian),指導群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)實(shi)施退耕還林,營造(zao)經(jing)(jing)濟林,并從(cong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)社(she)區(qu)(qu)(qu)優秀青(qing)年中選聘護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)林員、打火專業(ye)隊,資(zi)助保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)學(xue)校(xiao)、村公所(suo)等基礎設(she)施建設(she)。通(tong)過以(yi)上(shang)一(yi)系(xi)列措施,使保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)干(gan)部群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)都(dou)認識(shi)到(dao)(dao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)理(li)處是他(ta)們親密的(de)(de)朋友(you)和(he)依靠,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)群(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)對(dui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)建設(she)積極參與,全力支持。
保護建設
經過多年的保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)建設,金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)引起了(le)不少中(zhong)外(wai)專(zhuan)家學者的關注,成為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)外(wai)專(zhuan)家對保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)考(kao)(kao)察研究的理想去處(chu)。2003年11月21日(ri)至23日(ri),中(zhong)國科學院(yuan)陳嘉瑞教(jiao)授(shou)(shou)帶(dai)(dai)領有(you)關專(zhuan)家、學者到金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)對蘇鐵(tie)的分(fen)(fen)(fen)布、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類進(jin)行(xing)(xing)考(kao)(kao)察鑒(jian)定,鑒(jian)定出金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)的蘇鐵(tie)為(wei)(wei)貴州蘇鐵(tie)和隆林(lin)蘇鐵(tie),其(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布面積之大,數(shu)量之多為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國國內罕見。2004年5月廣西大學徐鋒教(jiao)授(shou)(shou)帶(dai)(dai)隊再次對金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)蘇鐵(tie)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)考(kao)(kao)察研究,并將金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)蘇鐵(tie)初步(bu)規劃為(wei)(wei)四(si)個(ge)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)小(xiao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。2004年6月9日(ri)至11日(ri),南京農(nong)業(ye)大學楊連(lian)芳教(jiao)授(shou)(shou)與(yu)美(mei)(mei)國羅(luo)格(ge)斯(si)大學卡列克(ke)教(jiao)授(shou)(shou)、美(mei)(mei)麗克(ke)萊姆森大學克(ke)姆斯(si)教(jiao)授(shou)(shou)對金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)昆蟲(chong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)考(kao)(kao)察時,發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)特有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);2005年7月16日(ri)至18日(ri),華南農(nong)業(ye)大學田(tian)明(ming)義博士(shi)與(yu)法(fa)國巴黎自(zi)然(ran)博物(wu)館德夫博士(shi)對金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)昆蟲(chong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)考(kao)(kao)察時,又發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)廣西新(xin)記錄種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(目前僅(jin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)于云南)觀(guan)步(bu)甲(jia)和金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)特有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)步(bu)甲(jia)。在短時間(jian)有(you)限標(biao)準地及燈誘中(zhong),發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)如此(ci)多的新(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),說明(ming)金(jin)(jin)(jin)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)自(zi)然(ran)生(sheng)態良好,生(sheng)物(wu)資源十分(fen)(fen)(fen)豐富。
文學及文化
金鐘山地處(chu)云貴高原東(dong)南(nan)邊緣,浩(hao)翰的林海(hai)覆蓋整個山體,遠遠看去,猶如一口金鐘懸掛在空中,因此得(de)名。 金鐘山林區居住著壯、苗、彝、仡佬多個民族(zu),各個民族(zu)都流傳有(you)(you)大量的民間故事,或(huo)懲惡揚善,或(huo)謳歌民族(zu)團結,較著名的有(you)(you):
1.金鐘(zhong)山的傳(chuan)說
壯族故事(shi)。反映了(le)窮苦(ku)勞動(dong)人(ren)民(min)為(wei)爭取幸福而向妖怪(guai)作斗(dou)爭的(de)故事(shi)。說(shuo)的(de)是(shi)在(zai)烏沖山(shan)頂上,有(you)一只(zhi)為(wei)民(min)造福的(de)金鐘(zhong)被妖怪(guai)破壞,一個勇(yong)敢的(de)小伙子,為(wei)了(le)讓(rang)百(bai)姓過(guo)上風(feng)調(diao)雨順、豐衣(yi)足食的(de)生活,主動(dong)去消滅了(le)妖怪(guai),保護(hu)了(le)金鐘(zhong)。后(hou)來人(ren)們(men)就把烏沖山(shan)改為(wei)“金鐘(zhong)山(shan)”。
2.布郎與母牛
苗族故事。反(fan)映了一個叫布郎(lang)的(de)(de)窮小伙,遭受哥嫂的(de)(de)虐待,他在苦難中(zhong)仍(reng)關心(xin)護(hu)理家中(zhong)的(de)(de)母牛,并得(de)到母牛的(de)(de)同情,母牛變成的(de)(de)美(mei)麗的(de)(de)姑娘,最(zui)后(hou)與他結為夫妻的(de)(de)故事。
3.抹黑臉
彝族(zu)故事。反映了一個獵人在打(da)不過老虎(hu)后,用(yong)抹黑臉的方法把老虎(hu)嚇(xia)跑。后來“抹黑臉”就作為一種消(xiao)災托福的象(xiang)征相沿成習(xi)。
4.拉郎找到(dao)了(le)金子
仡佬族故事。反映了老外(wai)公以(yi)叫(jiao)外(wai)孫挖地(di)找金子為(wei)名,使其將地(di)挖遍,種上了糧(liang)食(shi),外(wai)孫雖未找到金子,卻學會了勞動。
5.其他
在(zai)金鐘山及其周邊地區的(de)(de)其他傳說(shuo)還有很多,如(ru)天生橋的(de)(de)傳說(shuo)、乜達欺的(de)(de)傳說(shuo)、龍拉古洞(dong)的(de)(de)傳說(shuo)等。
民族風情
1.精美(mei)的(de)(de)民(min)(min)族服(fu)飾(shi) 金(jin)鐘山林區是一(yi)片古老神奇而迷人的(de)(de)土地,聚居著(zhu)苗(miao)、彝、仡(ge)佬(lao)、壯(zhuang)等(deng)少數民(min)(min)族,絢麗多姿的(de)(de)民(min)(min)族文化,古樸(pu)奇特、濃郁的(de)(de)民(min)(min)族風情(qing),有(you)“活的(de)(de)民(min)(min)族博物館”之美(mei)稱。生活在金(jin)鐘山的(de)(de)各族群眾(zhong)純樸(pu)善(shan)良、熱(re)情(qing)好客(ke)、能歌善(shan)舞(wu),特別是民(min)(min)族服(fu)飾(shi)別具一(yi)格,極具民(min)(min)族特色:蠟染(ran)刺繡,花團滾邊;珠佩玉垂,衣擺裙搖;花帽裹腳(jiao),相映成趣;銀環手鐲,別有(you)風度;頭巾領(ling)袖,花鮮灼目,充(chong)分體(ti)現(xian)了各民(min)(min)族的(de)(de)聰(cong)明才智和審美(mei)情(qing)趣。
2.豐富(fu)的民族節慶(qing)
金鐘(zhong)山(shan)林區(qu)民族(zu)同胞(bao)在(zai)生產生活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),保存和發展了(le)各自的(de)(de)(de)民族(zu)節(jie)(jie)(jie)慶(qing)活(huo)動。苗(miao)族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)蘆笙被歐美(mei)稱(cheng)為(wei)“東方(fang)(fang)(fang)迪斯科(ke)”,其中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)“上油鍋”、“上刀山(shan)”、“滾地龍”等(deng)絕活(huo)為(wei)隆林苗(miao)族(zu)所獨有,在(zai)每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)次的(de)(de)(de)跳(tiao)坡節(jie)(jie)(jie)上都(dou)是壓(ya)軸(zhou)戲。彝族(zu)以火把節(jie)(jie)(jie)著稱(cheng)。火把節(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)抹(mo)(mo)黑(hei)臉(lian)游(you)戲是青年(nian)(nian)(nian)人喜歡玩(wan)樂的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種方(fang)(fang)(fang)式,表現(xian)了(le)彝族(zu)同胞(bao)熱烈奔放的(de)(de)(de)品格,參(can)加抹(mo)(mo)黑(hei)臉(lian)游(you)戲,讓人興(xing)趣盎(ang)然回(hui)味(wei)無窮。仡佬族(zu)至今仍(reng)保留著完整的(de)(de)(de)圖騰崇拜文(wen)化(hua)。每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)八月十五日嘗新節(jie)(jie)(jie),人們除(chu)了(le)品嘗新年(nian)(nian)(nian)收獲(huo)的(de)(de)(de)莊稼以慶(qing)賀豐年(nian)(nian)(nian)之外(wai),總忘不(bu)了(le)要煮糯(nuo)米飯、殺(sha)雞去拜祭(ji)象征開荒種地的(de)(de)(de)祖先的(de)(de)(de)兩棵大樹。壯族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)歌(ge)(ge)文(wen)化(hua)是南盤(pan)江壯族(zu)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)典型代表,三(san)月三(san)歌(ge)(ge)節(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)排歌(ge)(ge)對唱三(san)天三(san)夜唱不(bu)完,內容廣泛,涉及天文(wen)、地理、哲學、歷史(shi)、生活(huo)、愛情等(deng)各個方(fang)(fang)(fang)面,表達了(le)壯族(zu)兒女對美(mei)好生活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)向往。此(ci)外(wai),還有壯族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)牛魂節(jie)(jie)(jie)、祭(ji)神節(jie)(jie)(jie),仡佬族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)咆薯節(jie)(jie)(jie)、捉(zhuo)蟲(chong)節(jie)(jie)(jie)等(deng),都(dou)有其獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)民族(zu)韻味(wei)。