介紹
公園內有(you)數級熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)臺(tai)地(di)(di),主(zhu)要有(you)環火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)口熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)臺(tai)地(di)(di)、環火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)錐熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)臺(tai)地(di)(di)和裂隙溢出的(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)臺(tai)地(di)(di),面積(ji)大、坡度平緩。騰沖火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)構(gou)(gou)造景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)主(zhu)要有(you)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)空洞(dong)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)塌陷(xian)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)流(liu)動和原生節理構(gou)(gou)造;火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)碎屑巖(yan)(yan)可見熔(rong)(rong)(rong)集塊巖(yan)(yan)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)角(jiao)礫(li)巖(yan)(yan)和熔(rong)(rong)(rong)結凝灰巖(yan)(yan)。火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)彈引(yin)人注目,主(zhu)要有(you)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)彈、火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)角(jiao)礫(li)、火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)灰、浮(fu)石(shi)、火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)渣。其中火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)彈形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)各異,主(zhu)要有(you)紡(fang)錘狀(zhuang)(zhuang)、面包狀(zhuang)(zhuang)、麻(ma)花狀(zhuang)(zhuang)。各種類型(xing)的(de)(de)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)錐、火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)口、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)臺(tai)地(di)(di)、熔(rong)(rong)(rong)巖(yan)(yan)流(liu)堰塞(sai)湖(hu)泊(bo)等火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)貌(mao)十(shi)分顯目,構(gou)(gou)成壯麗的(de)(de)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)旅游景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)。
火山活躍
這些火(huo)(huo)(huo)山形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)于(yu)距(ju)今約340萬年到1萬間的上新(xin)(xin)世至(zhi)全新(xin)(xin)世,其(qi)中距(ju)今約1萬年左右形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的火(huo)(huo)(huo)山共4座。較早(zao)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的火(huo)(huo)(huo)山熔巖由于(yu)遭受長期強(qiang)(qiang)烈風化(hua),火(huo)(huo)(huo)山錐體大(da)多(duo)(duo)破壞,僅保存6座仍能見穹丘(qiu)地貌(mao)或火(huo)(huo)(huo)山山體的火(huo)(huo)(huo)山。部(bu)分是(shi)休(xiu)眠(mian)火(huo)(huo)(huo)山。騰(teng)沖火(huo)(huo)(huo)山地熱國家地質(zhi)公園位于(yu)阿爾卑斯(si)—喜馬拉雅特(te)提斯(si)構(gou)造帶(dai)東段的騰(teng)沖變質(zhi)地體內,印度(du)板塊與歐亞(ya)板塊兩(liang)個大(da)陸(lu)板塊陸(lu)—陸(lu)碰撞對(dui)接帶(dai)東側,以(yi)發(fa)育斷裂構(gou)造、年青的火(huo)(huo)(huo)山活(huo)動和強(qiang)(qiang)烈的地熱顯示為其(qi)特(te)征。經歷了漫長的地質(zhi)演化(hua),滄海桑(sang)田巨(ju)變,多(duo)(duo)次巖漿噴發(fa)和多(duo)(duo)次構(gou)造旋回,留下了眾多(duo)(duo)的地質(zhi)遺跡,形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了奇麗的自然景觀(guan)。
相關景觀
騰沖(chong)火山附生地(di)質現(xian)象非常豐(feng)富,典型的(de)有地(di)熱帶、熱海熱田、地(di)熱顯示、熱泉(quan)(quan)(124處)等。其(qi)中(zhong)地(di)熱顯示特(te)征分為噴氣孔、冒氣地(di)面、熱沸(fei)面、噴泉(quan)(quan)、毒(du)氣孔、熱水泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)、熱水爆炸等六類景(jing)觀。熱水泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)景(jing)觀又有泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)臺地(di)、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)堤、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)堆、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)陡壁、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)家、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)扇、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)蘑菇、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)豆、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)葡萄、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)洞以及洞內(nei)華(hua)鐘乳(ru)、泉(quan)(quan)華(hua)鵝管等等。其(qi)內(nei)容之豐(feng)富,色(se)彩之艷(yan)麗(li),為世界之罕(han)見。