簡介
寧化(hua)(hua)天(tian)(tian)鵝(e)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)群(qun)(qun)地(di)(di)質公(gong)園位于福(fu)建(jian)省西部、武夷(yi)山脈東麓的(de)(de)(de)寧化(hua)(hua)縣。公(gong)園由(you)三個園區、八個景區和(he)十(shi)八個景群(qun)(qun)組成(cheng),總面積248平方公(gong)里。園內擁有(you)(you)上百個喀斯特(te)地(di)(di)貌溶(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)組成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)鵝(e)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)群(qun)(qun),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中尤(you)以千米地(di)(di)下(xia)長河以及獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)水中石(shi)林(lin)為稀有(you)(you)地(di)(di)質奇觀(guan),還有(you)(you)國內罕見的(de)(de)(de)巖溶(rong)湖-蛟湖、國內典型的(de)(de)(de)丹(dan)霞地(di)(di)貌-朝天(tian)(tian)寨和(he)巖石(shi)寨以及福(fu)建(jian)省保存最(zui)好、種類最(zui)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)晚(wan)更(geng)新世動物化(hua)(hua)石(shi)堆積層洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴等諸多富(fu)有(you)(you)觀(guan)賞價(jia)值的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)質遺產。
天(tian)(tian)鵝洞(dong)(dong)總(zong)深5華里,系水平廊道(dao)式與豎井分層式相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)奇異溶洞(dong)(dong)。洞(dong)(dong)分上(shang)中(zhong)下(xia)3層,前(qian)后7個大廳(ting)及49個大景,小廳(ting)小景不(bu)可(ke)勝(sheng)數。層層相(xiang)接,各廳(ting)相(xiang)連(lian)。洞(dong)(dong)內鐘乳累累,石(shi)筍林(lin)立(li),峰巒重疊,湖(hu)潭倒影(ying)。有從四十米高(gao)處一瀉而下(xia)氣勢磅礴的(de)石(shi)瀑,亦有精(jing)巧玲瓏如(ru)精(jing)雕細塑而成(cheng)的(de)石(shi)珊瑚(hu),有石(shi)松參天(tian)(tian)的(de)陡峭(qiao)山峰,有玉樹倒影(ying)平靜的(de)天(tian)(tian)鵝湖(hu)。令人置身(shen)其中(zhong),目不(bu)暇接,流連(lian)忘返。宛如(ru)登上(shang)九天(tian)(tian)仙境。現(xian)天(tian)(tian)鵝洞(dong)(dong)有公路(lu)直達洞(dong)(dong)前(qian)。
溶洞
洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內鐘乳(ru)累累,石(shi)(shi)(shi)筍(sun)林(lin)(lin)立(li)、造(zao)型(xing)千姿百態、精美如(ru)(ru)(ru)玉、白似(si)天(tian)鵝。另一(yi)地下(xia)河(he)旅游溶(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)“神風洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)長(chang)5華里,由(you)一(yi)條地下(xia)暗河(he)與(yu)三個(ge)旱廳組成,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)廳寬闊雄(xiong)渾、飄渺神秘。深藏于(yu)天(tian)鵝山下(xia)的地下(xia)長(chang)河(he),卻以其上萬平方米(mi)水(shui)(shui)域(yu)面積和數公里長(chang)的河(he)道(dao)堪(kan)稱福建(jian)唯一(yi),更(geng)以林(lin)(lin)立(li)于(yu)河(he)道(dao)內的水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)林(lin)(lin)為中(zhong)(zhong)國僅有。泛舟河(he)內,寬處如(ru)(ru)(ru)浩瀚西(xi)湖,窄處又如(ru)(ru)(ru)蜿蜒曲折(zhe)、奇險的長(chang)江三峽。那(nei)佇立(li)于(yu)河(he)面上的水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)林(lin)(lin),成群成片,規模(mo)宏(hong)大(da),造(zao)型(xing)各(ge)異,如(ru)(ru)(ru)鳥似(si)獸(shou),如(ru)(ru)(ru)人似(si)物,千姿百態。船行(xing)其間(jian),手(shou)可觸(chu)摸光滑如(ru)(ru)(ru)玉的石(shi)(shi)(shi)林(lin)(lin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)芽。抬(tai)頭仰望,河(he)穹掛滿鐘乳(ru)石(shi)(shi)(shi),有如(ru)(ru)(ru)漫天(tian)繁星(xing);俯(fu)首觀(guan)水(shui)(shui),七彩石(shi)(shi)(shi)林(lin)(lin)倒映其中(zhong)(zhong),如(ru)(ru)(ru)龍宮(gong)仙境,更(geng)似(si)“海上桂林(lin)(lin)”的越南下(xia)龍灣。
人文景點
還(huan)(huan)有其(qi)它(ta)眾(zhong)多溶洞(dong)(dong)(dong)風韻獨具,如融巖(yan)溶景(jing)觀與佛教信仰于一體的(de)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)天福(fu)地(di)(di)大慈巖(yan),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中矗立一尊巨型觀音佛像,身(shen)高(gao)8米(mi),為省內(nei)觀音塑像之最(zui);險(xian)秀奇(qi)幽、縱橫交(jiao)錯、楚(chu)聲悅耳的(de)石屏洞(dong)(dong)(dong);“福(fu)建省保存最(zui)好、種類最(zui)豐富的(de)晚更新世動物化石堆積層(ceng)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴”的(de)老虎巖(yan),該(gai)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)被中科(ke)院科(ke)考人員查明有劍(jian)齒虎、劍(jian)齒象、大熊貓等九(jiu)個目三(san)十余種古動物化石,是我省動物化石的(de)集中產地(di)(di)。在眾(zhong)多溶洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)地(di)(di)表(biao),還(huan)(huan)點綴著(zhu)福(fu)建最(zui)深(103米(mi))的(de)天然(ran)內(nei)陸湖“蛟湖”、峰岸疊翠的(de)“天鵝石林”及紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)長征(zheng)集結點鑼(luo)鼓(gu)坪、澎(peng)湃縣(xian)蘇維埃(ai)舊址(zhi)、紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)醫院等人文(wen)景(jing)觀。
文化價值
園(yuan)(yuan)區擁(yong)有(you)1.2億世界客家人祖(zu)籍地(di)的(de)寧化(hua)石壁,也曾是“揚(yang)州(zhou)八怪”之(zhi)一(yi)黃慎(shen)、清代四(si)大書法家之(zhi)一(yi)伊秉綬的(de)故鄉,寧化(hua)還(huan)是全國21個中央(yang)蘇區縣(xian)之(zhi)一(yi)。整個地(di)質公園(yuan)(yuan)以天(tian)鵝(e)洞群巖溶地(di)貌(mao)為主(zhu)體,兼具丹霞地(di)貌(mao)、典(dian)型地(di)質剖面、古(gu)生物化(hua)石等(deng)特(te)色,不僅類型豐(feng)富,而且(qie)具備典(dian)型稀(xi)有(you)、系統(tong)完整等(deng)極高的(de)科學價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)、形態優美(mei)的(de)美(mei)學價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)和(he)歷(li)史文(wen)化(hua)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)。
寧化天鵝洞群被(bei)批準(zhun)為國家地質公園(yuan)后,奇特的(de)勝景和內涵豐(feng)富的(de)人文(wen)景觀將得到進一步開發,對其形(xing)貌(mao)獨特的(de)地質遺跡和源遠流長的(de)客(ke)家文(wen)化的(de)研究保護都具(ju)有重要意(yi)義(yi)。
交通
天鵝洞景區位于(yu)福建省(sheng)三(san)明市(shi)寧化縣內,距縣城(cheng)28公里處(chu),從(cong)縣城(cheng)至景區大約1小時(shi)車(che)程(cheng)。汽車(che)站乘坐寧化-泉上,寧化-湖村的汽車(che),在湖村下車(che)后轉車(che)前住景區。