石海洞鄉
全縣石(shi)(shi)林(lin)七處,占(zhan)地40平方公(gong)里,其中一個鄉(xiang)即(ji)達14平方公(gong)里,被譽為“石(shi)(shi)海洞鄉(xiang)”。拔(ba)地而(er)起的石(shi)(shi)林(lin),有的像巨大的蘑菇(gu);有的像熾(chi)熱的火炬;有的像攜手(shou)游玩的情侶;有的像竊(qie)竊(qie)私語的夫妻。組成了一幅(fu)美麗的大自然風景畫。
景點簡介
飛瀑與溶蝕峽谷
地表(biao)(biao)石海在僰(bo)王(wang)山園區的飛霧洞景(jing)點,上落(luo)水與下(xia)落(luo)水飛瀑(pu)(pu)為國內外少見的侵(qin)蝕型(xing)漏斗瀑(pu)(pu)布,落(luo)差達(da)百余(yu)米(mi)。飛霧洞同(tong)時集中了峽(xia)谷(gu)、天生(sheng)橋(qiao)、天窗、重(zhong)力崩塌堆積、地下(xia)暗河等多種地質(zhi)遺跡景(jing)觀。這(zhe)里(li)還分布著規模不等的峽(xia)谷(gu)地貌,這(zhe)是因地表(biao)(biao)水沿構造裂(lie)隙持續地作(zuo)用,與新構造運動抬升相結(jie)合而(er)形成的。以(yi)地表(biao)(biao)流水作(zuo)用為主形成的峽(xia)谷(gu)呈“V”形,由(you)地下(xia)巖溶作(zuo)用以(yi)及重(zhong)力作(zuo)用形成的峽(xia)谷(gu)為“一線天”形。在這(zhe)里(li),峽(xia)谷(gu)、瀑(pu)(pu)布伴(ban)生(sheng)發育,掩映于(yu)僰(bo)王(wang)茫茫的楠(nan)竹林海之中,氣勢磅礴,令人心曠神怡。
溶洞
小巖灣園(yuan)區著名(ming)的(de)溶洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)為(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)泉洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)天(tian)(tian)獅洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。天(tian)(tian)泉洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)又名(ming)袁(yuan)家洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)規模(mo)巨大(da),主洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)及大(da)小支洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)總長約(yue)4.2km,總容積(ji)約(yue)270萬(wan)m3。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)結構可簡單(dan)歸納為(wei)(wei)多層次(ci)樹枝(zhi)狀(zhuang)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue),由下而上分為(wei)(wei)四(si)層,可分別(bie)作為(wei)(wei)旅(lv)(lv)游參觀和(he)旅(lv)(lv)游探險(xian)之用(yong)。天(tian)(tian)獅洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)原名(ming)豬槽井,屬(shu)天(tian)(tian)泉洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)群(qun),其洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)規模(mo)僅(jin)次(ci)于天(tian)(tian)泉洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。地(di)下洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)延伸并(bing)在(zai)大(da)漏斗出露,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)底距地(di)面約(yue)250m。整(zheng)個(ge)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)系統全(quan)長8400m,體積(ji)216萬(wan)m3,是(shi)目(mu)前(qian)全(quan)國十大(da)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)中最(zui)長的(de)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)道之一(yi)。該(gai)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)規模(mo)大(da),空氣(qi)好,化學沉積(ji)物(wu)分布豐富,全(quan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有20個(ge)廳堂和(he)13個(ge)天(tian)(tian)窗(chuang)(chuang)。陽(yang)光從(cong)天(tian)(tian)窗(chuang)(chuang)射(she)入(ru),使洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內水(shui)霧繚繞、撲(pu)朔迷(mi)離(li),如晨曦初現,人置其間(jian),仿佛進入(ru)一(yi)個(ge)神奇(qi)奧秘的(de)世界。
天坑
在石林鎮東側,有(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)巨大的(de)(de)天(tian)坑(keng)(小巖(yan)(yan)灣天(tian)坑(keng)),在地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)上被稱為漏(lou)斗。這個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)龐然(ran)大物東西(xi)長(chang)650m、寬490m,直徑550m,高(gao)208m,呈(cheng)橢圓形(xing),其(qi)(qi)勢如(ru)刀劈斧砍(kan),四(si)面絕(jue)壁,底部(bu)為塌(ta)(ta)陷(xian)松散(san)堆積地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao),整(zheng)體(ti)猶如(ru)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)漏(lou)斗狀,形(xing)態完整(zheng),其(qi)(qi)規模位(wei)居世界巖(yan)(yan)溶(rong)漏(lou)斗前列。在漏(lou)斗錐形(xing)絕(jue)壁中(zhong)間,有(you)一(yi)環(huan)繞漏(lou)斗的(de)(de)游覽環(huan)線(xian),沿(yan)途有(you)“滴水成(cheng)仙”、“削壁回音(yin)”、“通(tong)天(tian)洞(dong)”、“天(tian)盆寺”、“紅軍巖(yan)(yan)”等風(feng)景點,與漏(lou)斗一(yi)起組成(cheng)一(yi)副大自然(ran)的(de)(de)美麗畫卷。這個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)天(tian)坑(keng)原是由一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)或幾個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)下洞(dong)穴在長(chang)期的(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)溶(rong)和(he)重力作用下,其(qi)(qi)頂部(bu)塌(ta)(ta)陷(xian)而(er)暴露于地(di)(di)(di)表,后經長(chang)期地(di)(di)(di)表流(liu)水作用和(he)地(di)(di)(di)表巖(yan)(yan)溶(rong)的(de)(de)綜(zong)合作用不斷(duan)改造而(er)成(cheng)。
石海和石林
所謂(wei)石(shi)(shi)海(hai)(hai),其(qi)實(shi)是由一個個石(shi)(shi)芽連貫而成(cheng)(cheng)。小巖灣園區的(de)石(shi)(shi)芽最為典型,面(mian)積2.2km2,石(shi)(shi)芽表面(mian)平(ping)滑(hua),蜿蜒起伏(fu),高1.5m左右,形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)茫(mang)茫(mang)石(shi)(shi)海(hai)(hai)(小巖灣石(shi)(shi)芽)。說到這里,不(bu)得不(bu)說說石(shi)(shi)芽的(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)原理。當地(di)(di)表水(shui)沿地(di)(di)面(mian)的(de)裂隙滲流時,可將地(di)(di)面(mian)裂隙溶蝕和沖蝕成(cheng)(cheng)規模不(bu)等的(de)溝(gou)槽,稱為溶溝(gou)。在縱橫交錯的(de)溶溝(gou)之間殘存的(de)芽狀(zhuang)石(shi)(shi)脊,便稱為石(shi)(shi)芽。在特殊的(de)構(gou)造和雨水(shui)條件(jian)下,有時可形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)高達數(shu)十米的(de)石(shi)(shi)芽。遠觀石(shi)(shi)芽,似排(pai)排(pai)涌(yong)浪,波狀(zhuang)起伏(fu),如(ru)同凝(ning)固的(de)波濤,故(gu)名(ming)石(shi)(shi)海(hai)(hai)。遠眺興文石(shi)(shi)海(hai)(hai)地(di)(di)質(zhi)公(gong)園博物館,如(ru)同一艘巨輪,緩緩航行(xing)在茫(mang)茫(mang)的(de)波濤之中。
相關信息
興文縣有大小溶洞(dong)(dong)一百多(duo)個(ge),尤以(yi)“天泉洞(dong)(dong)”最(zui)(zui)壯觀,它以(yi)奇、廣、深為特點。洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)大廳,寬60米(mi),高30米(mi),面積遠遠超過一個(ge)足球場(chang),可容萬(wan)(wan)人以(yi)上。洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)分五層(ceng),是近兩(liang)百萬(wan)(wan)年(nian)來地克發(fa)生的五次(ci)間歇性(xing)抬升,從(cong)洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)頂最(zui)(zui)高處(chu)至最(zui)(zui)地處(chu)陰河面相差180米(mi),是洞(dong)(dong)穴考察和地質(zhi)研究(jiu)的好去處(chu)。洞(dong)(dong)內景(jing)觀萬(wan)(wan)千,妙不可言。
蜀南(nan)竹(zhu)海天泉洞(dong)后(hou)洞(dong)口是一(yi)個巨大的(de)漏斗(dou),上(shang)部(bu)份(fen)是90度的(de)懸崖絕壁,如刀削斧劈。長(chang)徑(jing)650米(mi),短徑(jing)490米(mi),深208米(mi)。是世界(jie)上(shang)最大的(de)漏斗(dou)。
世(shi)界地(di)質(zhi)公園(yuan)---四川宜賓(bin)興文。五億年的地(di)質(zhi)運動孕育了神奇(qi)的石海:“地(di)球特(te)大(da)天(tian)坑”、“亞洲最大(da)石海”、“中國游(you)覽(lan)面積最大(da)溶洞(dong)”、“天(tian)下第一石虎(hu)”,四絕(jue)薈萃,神奇(qi)絕(jue)世(shi),被地(di)質(zhi)學(xue)家喻為“興文式(shi)”喀(ka)斯特(te)地(di)貌王宮
1983年12月,時任中共中央總書記胡耀邦視察興文石海后,欣然揮筆題詞:“天下奇觀”。