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基本介紹

貴州思南白鷺湖國家濕地公園位于貴州省思南縣、總面積4264.8公頃。貴(gui)(gui)州思南(nan)白鷺湖國家(jia)(jia)濕(shi)地公園坐(zuo)落于(yu)貴(gui)(gui)州省銅仁市思南(nan)縣縣城(cheng)南(nan)部18公里(li)烏江(jiang)河段(duan)上，地處武(wu)陵山(shan)(shan)腹地，烏江(jiang)流域的(de)中心(xin)地帶(dai)，東鄰國家(jia)(jia)級自然保護區梵凈(jing)山(shan)(shan)，西倚歷史(shi)文化名城(cheng)遵義，南(nan)靠泉都石阡，北順烏江(jiang)達重慶(qing)涪陵入長(chang)江(jiang)。地理坐(zuo)標為東經107°55′32"～108°11′18"，北緯27°38′55"～27°49′35"。規(gui)劃總面積4264.8公頃。該(gai)國家(jia)(jia)濕(shi)地公園于(yu)2013年(nian)12月21日通過國家(jia)(jia)林(lin)業(ye)局批復（林(lin)濕(shi)發(fa)[2013]243號），目前正進入試點(dian)建設(she)階段(duan)。

貴州思(si)南白鷺(lu)(lu)湖國家濕(shi)地公(gong)園(yuan)以(yi)在(zai)烏江中游上(shang)(shang)人(ren)工筑壩形(xing)成的白鷺(lu)(lu)湖為(wei)主體，以(yi)白鷺(lu)(lu)湖泊(bo)沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)地生態系(xi)統(tong)為(wei)核心，以(yi)構建烏江上(shang)(shang)的生態廊道、完善長江上(shang)(shang)游生態屏障功(gong)能為(wei)目的而建立。白鷺(lu)(lu)湖濕(shi)地公(gong)園(yuan)的自然資源豐(feng)富，歷史、人(ren)文(wen)景觀獨(du)特。

濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)資源(yuan)：公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)域廣闊，形(xing)成(cheng)了自然河(he)(he)流以(yi)及人(ren)工(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)（庫(ku)塘）構成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生態系(xi)統(tong)，濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)多樣(yang)。同(tong)時，濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)與森林(lin)構建(jian)完好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)光山(shan)色美(mei)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，并(bing)且長期的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化沉淀，使得白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)資源(yuan)豐富，有(you)(you)“百里(li)畫(hua)廊”之美(mei)譽(yu)。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)域景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)域寬廣，總面積2514.9公(gong)頃，主要(yao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)域景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)包括：白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)、六池河(he)(he)、黑灘河(he)(he)、黑鵝溪等。共同(tong)形(xing)成(cheng)了“平湖(hu)(hu)”、“水(shui)(shui)(shui)巷“、“洞(dong)(dong)溪”、“地(di)(di)(di)(di)下河(he)(he)”等多樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)域景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)風貌(mao)。湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)清綠幽(you)寂，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質清純。二(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)呈(cheng)現出(chu)(chu)典型的(de)(de)(de)喀斯(si)特(te)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。山(shan)峰(feng)層巒疊嶂(zhang)，形(xing)態各異；峽谷壁立千仞(ren)，怪(guai)石嶙(lin)峋；島(dao)嶼點(dian)(dian)(dian)綴(zhui)其中，風光秀麗；溶洞(dong)(dong)群(qun)(qun)迂回(hui)曲折，巧奪天工(gong)。主要(yao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)包括：小(xiao)溪槽天坑、黑河(he)(he)峽谷、鹽井壩(ba)島(dao)、天生橋以(yi)及馬(ma)尾洞(dong)(dong)、犀牛洞(dong)(dong)、仙(xian)人(ren)洞(dong)(dong)等溶洞(dong)(dong)群(qun)(qun)。呈(cheng)現出(chu)(chu)雄偉、險峻(jun)、隱蔽(bi)、幽(you)深的(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)美(mei)學特(te)征，與廣闊的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)域營造(zao)出(chu)(chu)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)-峽谷-平湖(hu)(hu)（河(he)(he)流）融(rong)為一(yi)(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。三是(shi)(shi)生物(wu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)兩岸藤蘿懸掛、鴛(yuan)鴦戲水(shui)(shui)(shui)、野猴嬉戲，水(shui)(shui)(shui)鳥飛鳴(ming)，具有(you)(you)結構完善(shan)、功能協同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)-森林(lin)復合(he)生態系(xi)統(tong)。據(ju)調查統(tong)計，濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及其周(zhou)邊區域分(fen)布(bu)有(you)(you)維管植(zhi)物(wu)53目，120科(ke)，252屬(shu)，331種。其中，國(guo)家重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)2種，有(you)(you)國(guo)家一(yi)(yi)級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)銀杏、國(guo)家二(er)(er)級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)柔毛油杉。同(tong)時，濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內有(you)(you)野生脊椎動物(wu)214種，隸屬(shu)5綱29目73科(ke)；其中列(lie)(lie)為國(guo)家二(er)(er)級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)野生動物(wu)9種、列(lie)(lie)入(ru)《國(guo)家保護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)益的(de)(de)(de)或(huo)者(zhe)有(you)(you)重(zhong)要(yao)經濟、科(ke)學研究(jiu)價(jia)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)陸生野生動物(wu)名錄(lu)》的(de)(de)(de)動物(wu)達86種。這些豐富的(de)(de)(de)生物(wu)資源(yuan)給白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)帶來了良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)資源(yuan)基礎，一(yi)(yi)年(nian)四季景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)色怡人(ren)，可以(yi)提供人(ren)們鳥類觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)賞(shang)、科(ke)普教(jiao)育、休閑娛樂(le)等一(yi)(yi)系(xi)列(lie)(lie)的(de)(de)(de)旅游(you)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)光項目。四是(shi)(shi)天象與氣候景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：在波光粼粼的(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)面上乘坐游(you)船觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)賞(shang)著白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)夕(xi)陽西下，體驗夕(xi)陽下滿(man)載收獲的(de)(de)(de)漁船歸港；屹立于(yu)白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)大壩(ba)上，觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)看一(yi)(yi)泄數十(shi)米的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)汽煙云；白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)湖(hu)(hu)靜靜的(de)(de)(de)流淌在群(qun)(qun)山(shan)當(dang)中，如遇上湖(hu)(hu)面上淡(dan)淡(dan)薄霧(wu)，兩岸美(mei)麗景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)色帶著些許朦朧(long)，讓(rang)人(ren)暇思聯翩。

文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)資源：貴州思(si)(si)南(nan)白(bai)鷺湖國家(jia)濕地(di)(di)公園所在的思(si)(si)南(nan)縣(xian)歷(li)史悠久，素有“先思(si)(si)南(nan)后貴州”一說，是中原文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)向西南(nan)滲透的重(zhong)要(yao)地(di)(di)區，也是中原文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)與西南(nan)少數民(min)族文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)相融(rong)合的交(jiao)接地(di)(di)帶(dai)，形(xing)成了思(si)(si)南(nan)獨特地(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)民(min)族文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)。同時濕地(di)(di)公園處(chu)于綿延縱橫的黃金水道烏江之上，烏江更是一條連接長江流(liu)域(yu)(yu)、云貴高原、巴蜀地(di)(di)區和湘西的文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)紐帶(dai)，流(liu)域(yu)(yu)內(nei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物古跡遍布，民(min)族文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)風情濃郁，多元文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)交(jiao)流(liu)碰(peng)撞，孕育了獨具(ju)地(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)特色的濕地(di)(di)（烏江）文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)。