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基本介紹

清江湖(hu)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公園(yuan)地(di)(di)處(chu)洪(hong)江市西南(nan)部(bu)，以(yi)清江湖(hu)(原托(tuo)口庫區(qu)(qu)(qu))為主體(ti)，以(yi)環湖(hu)公路為邊界，總(zong)面(mian)積4.5萬(wan)余畝，其中濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)面(mian)積3.6萬(wan)多畝。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公園(yuan)規劃建(jian)設(she)5大功能區(qu)(qu)(qu)，即濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)保育區(qu)(qu)(qu)、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)恢復重建(jian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)宣教(jiao)展示區(qu)(qu)(qu)、合(he)理利用區(qu)(qu)(qu)、管理服務區(qu)(qu)(qu)。

地(di)(di)處湖(hu)南省西部，洪江市境內西南角；云貴高原向江南丘陵過渡地(di)(di)帶；湘西與(yu)黔(qian)東南交界地(di)(di)。該區(qu)(qu)域(yu)，在全國生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功能(neng)區(qu)(qu)劃中，定位為(wei)典型(xing)亞熱(re)帶生(sheng)物多樣(yang)型(xing)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)，長江流域(yu)水土保(bao)質，水源(yuan)涵養及生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)安全屏障功能(neng)區(qu)(qu)。其生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)區(qu)(qu)位十分重要。濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園建設也是大(da)湘西生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文化旅游(you)圈發展的重點(dian)內容之一，對于(yu)弘揚濕地(di)(di)文化，建設生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明具(ju)有顯(xian)著(zhu)意(yi)義。

清江(jiang)湖(hu)，又稱(cheng)“小洞庭”，環境優美，資源豐富，是沅江(jiang)上游及湘西南較大的(de)人工湖(hu)和飲用(yong)水(shui)源地，為懷化地區(qu)乃至湖(hu)南用(yong)水(shui)安全提供重(zhong)要保(bao)障。

濕地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)以(yi)(yi)清江(jiang)湖為主體，以(yi)(yi)環湖公(gong)(gong)(gong)路為邊境，地(di)(di)理(li)坐標(biao)為東經109°31′49″—109°40′53″，北緯27°04′39″—27°09′28″，東西(xi)長(chang)14.95千米，南北寬8.92千米，擬(ni)建湖南洪江(jiang)清江(jiang)湖國(guo)家(jia)濕地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)。總面積(ji)3006.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，其中濕地(di)(di)面積(ji)2458.4公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，濕地(di)(di)率(lv)81.77%。分布有河流濕地(di)(di)和人工(gong)濕地(di)(di)兩個(ge)濕地(di)(di)類，永久性河流，洪泛(fan)型濕地(di)(di)，庫(ku)塘(tang)和稻田四個(ge)濕地(di)(di)型，其主體為庫(ku)塘(tang)，是典(dian)型的(de)庫(ku)塘(tang)型濕地(di)(di)。

濕地(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)處于沅水(shui)(shui)與渠水(shui)(shui)交界處，是湖南第二(er)(er)大(da)水(shui)(shui)系沅水(shui)(shui)上游，水(shui)(shui)量充沛，濕地(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)內生物(wu)(wu)資(zi)源豐富，有(you)(you)維管植物(wu)(wu)161科(ke)(ke)535屬815種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中濕地(di)植物(wu)(wu)77科(ke)(ke)182屬235種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)國(guo)家二(er)(er)級(ji)重點保護植物(wu)(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；濕地(di)現集(ji)中有(you)(you)野生脊椎動物(wu)(wu)5綱(gang)27目74科(ke)(ke)199種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中魚類(lei)(lei)4目9科(ke)(ke)40種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)(lei)13目38科(ke)(ke)102種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)(you)國(guo)家二(er)(er)級(ji)重點保護動物(wu)(wu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列入《瀕臨動植物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際貿易公約(yue)》的(de)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

濕(shi)地公(gong)園內(nei)山水(shui)(shui)(shui)相(xiang)依，水(shui)(shui)(shui)天一色，歷史文化(hua)(hua)源遠流長，航運(yun)與稻都(dou)文化(hua)(hua)底蘊深厚。濕(shi)地公(gong)園所(suo)在(zai)地千年古鎮(zhen)--托口鎮(zhen)，自(zi)古以來也(ye)是(shi)中(zhong)國中(zhong)西(xi)部地區進(jin)入大西(xi)南的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)陸交(jiao)通咽喉(hou)，上達云(yun)貴(gui)，下通洞庭，長江(jiang)；公(gong)園下游有全國保(bao)存(cun)較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)完好的(de)(de)明清古城(cheng)之一黔(qian)陽古城(cheng)，唐代詩人王昌(chang)齡曾(ceng)在(zai)城(cheng)中(zhong)芙蓉樓留下了“一片冰心(xin)在(zai)玉(yu)壺”的(de)(de)千古絕唱；濕(shi)地公(gong)園周邊，作為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國稻都(dou)文化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)發源地之一，其(qi)野(ye)生香米曾(ceng)被(bei)列入薦京(jing)貢品還是(shi)中(zhong)國秈型雜(za)交(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻發源地，袁(yuan)隆(long)平曾(ceng)在(zai)此成功研制出秈型雜(za)交(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻。

“五十(shi)里水亞(ya)洞(dong)庭(ting)，春暖(nuan)花開(kai)觀清(qing)江，千年古鎮隱湖底，芙蓉樓下送辛漸。”豐富(fu)的(de)資源(yuan)，優美的(de)景觀，深厚(hou)的(de)文(wen)化，為濕地公(gong)園的(de)建設(she)打下了堅實(shi)的(de)基礎。

濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公園建(jian)(jian)設將以(yi)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)與(yu)恢復(fu)(fu)為(wei)主要目(mu)標，同時，積(ji)極開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)科學(xue)研究，科普(pu)教(jiao)育和(he)合理利(li)用(yong)資(zi)(zi)源，實現濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)資(zi)(zi)源保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)與(yu)利(li)用(yong)協(xie)調統(tong)一，較大(da)限度的(de)(de)(de)發揮(hui)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)所具有的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)，社會和(he)經濟效益，實現人與(yu)自然的(de)(de)(de)和(he)諧(xie)相處，共同發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公園總體(ti)規劃(hua)以(yi)“保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)優(you)(you)先，科學(xue)修復(fu)(fu)，適度開(kai)發，合理利(li)用(yong)”為(wei)原(yuan)則，劃(hua)分為(wei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)育區(qu)(qu)(qu)，恢復(fu)(fu)重建(jian)(jian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，宣(xuan)教(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，合理利(li)用(yong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理服務(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)五個功(gong)能(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)育區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)2532.5公頃，占濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公園總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)84.23%，主要包(bao)括清(qing)江湖主體(ti)水(shui)面(mian)，是濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公園的(de)(de)(de)核心及(ji)主體(ti)，重點(dian)開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)水(shui)源和(he)水(shui)質保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)；水(shui)岸生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，野(ye)生(sheng)動植物(wu)及(ji)其棲息地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，豐(feng)植放流，濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)化保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，科學(xue)檢(jian)測；保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理建(jian)(jian)設活動等。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)恢復(fu)(fu)重建(jian)(jian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)247.0公頃，以(yi)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)植被(bei)恢復(fu)(fu)，水(shui)體(ti)恢復(fu)(fu)為(wei)只要目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)宣(xuan)教(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)16.8公頃，位于公園南部(bu)，頻臨(lin)托口新鎮，主要功(gong)能(neng)以(yi)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)及(ji)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)化展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)，科普(pu)教(jiao)育為(wei)主；合理利(li)用(yong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)207.8公頃，位于渠(qu)水(shui)大(da)橋(qiao)西側，交通便捷，環境(jing)優(you)(you)美；利(li)用(yong)該區(qu)(qu)(qu)優(you)(you)美地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形和(he)資(zi)(zi)源條件，不破(po)壞生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)前(qian)提(ti)下，開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)觀光游(you)覽，清(qing)水(shui)休(xiu)閑游(you)戲，農俗文(wen)(wen)化體(ti)驗活動，打造合理利(li)用(yong)示(shi)范基礎(chu)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)理服務(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)2.4公頃，位于公園南部(bu)，連(lian)接濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)宣(xuan)教(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，根據保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要，建(jian)(jian)設相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理服務(wu)設施，配(pei)置相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理設備，實現良好的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，服務(wu)功(gong)能(neng)。

“萬丈思湖一見開，地(di)(di)波蕩(dang)漾撲面來(lai)。”洪(hong)江市(shi)市(shi)委，市(shi)政府及當地(di)(di)群(qun)眾迫切希(xi)望建(jian)設湖南(nan)(nan)洪(hong)江清江湖國(guo)(guo)家濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園，從而推進“生態洪(hong)江，美(mei)麗黔(qian)陽”建(jian)設。相信(xin)不(bu)久的(de)將(jiang)來(lai)，在各(ge)地(di)(di)政府的(de)高度重視和大力支持以(yi)及當地(di)(di)人(ren)民群(qun)眾的(de)共(gong)同努力下(xia)，湖南(nan)(nan)洪(hong)江清江湖國(guo)(guo)家濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園一定(ding)會建(jian)設成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)湘楚大地(di)(di)上一顆璀璨的(de)明珠(zhu)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)庫(ku)塘型(xing)濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園建(jian)設的(de)典范。