清(qing)江(jiang)湖(hu)濕地公(gong)園地處(chu)洪江(jiang)市西南部(bu),以(yi)清(qing)江(jiang)湖(hu)(原托口庫區(qu)(qu))為(wei)主體(ti),以(yi)環湖(hu)公(gong)路為(wei)邊界,總面(mian)積4.5萬(wan)余畝,其(qi)中濕地面(mian)積3.6萬(wan)多畝。濕地公(gong)園規(gui)劃(hua)建(jian)設5大(da)功能區(qu)(qu),即濕地保(bao)育區(qu)(qu)、濕地恢復重建(jian)區(qu)(qu)、濕地宣教展示區(qu)(qu)、合理利用(yong)區(qu)(qu)、管(guan)理服務區(qu)(qu)。
地(di)(di)處湖南省西(xi)(xi)部,洪江市境內(nei)西(xi)(xi)南角(jiao);云(yun)貴(gui)高原向江南丘陵過渡地(di)(di)帶;湘西(xi)(xi)與黔東南交界(jie)地(di)(di)。該(gai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu),在全國生態(tai)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)劃(hua)中,定位(wei)為典型亞熱帶生物多樣型保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),長江流域(yu)水(shui)土保(bao)質,水(shui)源涵養及(ji)生態(tai)安(an)全屏障功(gong)能(neng)(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。其生態(tai)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)位(wei)十(shi)分重(zhong)要。濕地(di)(di)公園(yuan)建設(she)也(ye)是(shi)大(da)湘西(xi)(xi)生態(tai)文(wen)化旅游圈(quan)發展的重(zhong)點內(nei)容(rong)之(zhi)一(yi),對(dui)于(yu)弘揚(yang)濕地(di)(di)文(wen)化,建設(she)生態(tai)文(wen)明具有顯著意(yi)義。
清江湖,又稱“小洞(dong)庭”,環境優美,資源(yuan)豐(feng)富(fu),是沅江上游及湘西南(nan)較大的人(ren)工湖和(he)飲用水(shui)源(yuan)地,為懷(huai)化(hua)地區乃至湖南(nan)用水(shui)安全提(ti)供(gong)重要保(bao)障(zhang)。
濕地(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)以清江(jiang)湖為主體,以環湖公路為邊境,地(di)理坐標為東(dong)經109°31′49″—109°40′53″,北(bei)緯27°04′39″—27°09′28″,東(dong)西長14.95千米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)寬8.92千米(mi),擬建湖南(nan)洪(hong)(hong)江(jiang)清江(jiang)湖國家濕地(di)公園(yuan)(yuan)。總面積(ji)3006.5公頃,其(qi)中(zhong)濕地(di)面積(ji)2458.4公頃,濕地(di)率81.77%。分布有河(he)流濕地(di)和(he)人工濕地(di)兩個濕地(di)類,永久性河(he)流,洪(hong)(hong)泛(fan)型(xing)(xing)濕地(di),庫塘(tang)和(he)稻田四(si)個濕地(di)型(xing)(xing),其(qi)主體為庫塘(tang),是典型(xing)(xing)的庫塘(tang)型(xing)(xing)濕地(di)。
濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園處(chu)于沅(yuan)水與(yu)渠水交界處(chu),是湖南第二大水系沅(yuan)水上游,水量充沛,濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)園內生(sheng)物(wu)資源豐富,有維管(guan)植物(wu)161科535屬(shu)815種(zhong)(zhong),其中濕(shi)地(di)植物(wu)77科182屬(shu)235種(zhong)(zhong),有國家二級重(zhong)點保護植物(wu)6種(zhong)(zhong);濕(shi)地(di)現集(ji)中有野生(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)5綱27目(mu)74科199種(zhong)(zhong),其中魚類4目(mu)9科40種(zhong)(zhong),鳥類13目(mu)38科102種(zhong)(zhong),有國家二級重(zhong)點保護動物(wu)10種(zhong)(zhong),列入《瀕臨動植物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)國際貿(mao)易(yi)公(gong)約(yue)》的物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)有18種(zhong)(zhong)。
濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)內(nei)山水(shui)(shui)相(xiang)依,水(shui)(shui)天一色(se),歷(li)史文化源(yuan)遠(yuan)流(liu)長,航(hang)運與稻(dao)(dao)都文化底蘊深厚。濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)所(suo)在(zai)地(di)(di)千年古(gu)(gu)鎮(zhen)--托口鎮(zhen),自(zi)古(gu)(gu)以(yi)來也是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)西部地(di)(di)區進入大西南的(de)水(shui)(shui)陸(lu)交(jiao)通(tong)咽喉,上(shang)達云貴,下通(tong)洞庭,長江;公(gong)園(yuan)下游(you)有全國(guo)保(bao)存較為完(wan)好的(de)明清古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)之一黔陽古(gu)(gu)城(cheng),唐代詩人(ren)王(wang)昌齡曾(ceng)在(zai)城(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)芙蓉(rong)樓留下了“一片冰(bing)心在(zai)玉壺”的(de)千古(gu)(gu)絕唱;濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)周(zhou)邊,作為中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)稻(dao)(dao)都文化的(de)發源(yuan)地(di)(di)之一,其野生香米曾(ceng)被列入薦京(jing)貢品還是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)秈(xian)型(xing)雜交(jiao)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)發源(yuan)地(di)(di),袁隆平(ping)曾(ceng)在(zai)此成功研制出秈(xian)型(xing)雜交(jiao)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)。
“五十(shi)里水亞洞庭,春(chun)暖花開觀(guan)清江(jiang),千年古鎮隱湖底(di),芙(fu)蓉樓下(xia)送(song)辛漸。”豐富的資源,優美的景觀(guan),深厚的文化,為濕地公(gong)園的建設(she)打下(xia)了堅實的基(ji)礎(chu)。
濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)建(jian)設將以(yi)(yi)濕地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)為(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)目標,同時(shi),積(ji)極開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)科學(xue)研究(jiu),科普(pu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育和(he)(he)合理(li)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)資源(yuan),實(shi)(shi)現濕地(di)(di)資源(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)與(yu)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)協調統一,較大(da)(da)限(xian)度(du)的(de)(de)發(fa)揮濕地(di)(di)所(suo)具有的(de)(de)生(sheng)態(tai),社會和(he)(he)經(jing)濟效益,實(shi)(shi)現人(ren)與(yu)自然(ran)的(de)(de)和(he)(he)諧(xie)相(xiang)(xiang)處,共(gong)同發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)總(zong)體(ti)(ti)規劃以(yi)(yi)“保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)優(you)先,科學(xue)修(xiu)復(fu),適度(du)開(kai)發(fa),合理(li)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)”為(wei)原則,劃分(fen)為(wei)保(bao)育區(qu),恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)重(zhong)建(jian)區(qu),宣教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示區(qu),合理(li)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)區(qu)和(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)區(qu)五個功(gong)(gong)能區(qu)。濕地(di)(di)保(bao)育區(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2532.5公(gong)頃,占濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)84.23%,主(zhu)要(yao)包括清江湖主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)水(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian),是濕地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)的(de)(de)核心及(ji)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti),重(zhong)點開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)和(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)質保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu);水(shui)(shui)岸(an)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu),野生(sheng)動植(zhi)物及(ji)其棲(qi)息(xi)地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu),豐植(zhi)放流,濕地(di)(di)文(wen)化保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu),科學(xue)檢測;保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)建(jian)設活動等。濕地(di)(di)恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)重(zhong)建(jian)區(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)247.0公(gong)頃,以(yi)(yi)濕地(di)(di)植(zhi)被(bei)恢(hui)(hui)復(fu),水(shui)(shui)體(ti)(ti)恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)為(wei)只要(yao)目的(de)(de)。濕地(di)(di)宣教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示區(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)16.8公(gong)頃,位于(yu)(yu)公(gong)園(yuan)南(nan)部,頻(pin)臨托(tuo)口新鎮,主(zhu)要(yao)功(gong)(gong)能以(yi)(yi)生(sheng)態(tai)及(ji)濕地(di)(di)文(wen)化展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示,科普(pu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育為(wei)主(zhu);合理(li)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)區(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)207.8公(gong)頃,位于(yu)(yu)渠(qu)水(shui)(shui)大(da)(da)橋(qiao)西側,交通便捷,環(huan)(huan)境優(you)美(mei);利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)該區(qu)優(you)美(mei)地(di)(di)形和(he)(he)資源(yuan)條件,不破壞(huai)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境前提下(xia),開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)濕地(di)(di)觀光游(you)覽,清水(shui)(shui)休(xiu)閑游(you)戲,農俗文(wen)化體(ti)(ti)驗活動,打造合理(li)利(li)(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)示范基礎。管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)區(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2.4公(gong)頃,位于(yu)(yu)公(gong)園(yuan)南(nan)部,連(lian)接濕地(di)(di)宣教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示區(qu),根(gen)據保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)需要(yao),建(jian)設相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)設施,配(pei)置(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)應的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)設備(bei),實(shi)(shi)現良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li),保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu),服(fu)(fu)務(wu)功(gong)(gong)能。
“萬丈思湖(hu)一見開,地(di)波蕩漾撲面來。”洪(hong)江(jiang)(jiang)市市委,市政(zheng)(zheng)府及(ji)當(dang)地(di)群眾迫切希望建(jian)(jian)設湖(hu)南洪(hong)江(jiang)(jiang)清江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)國家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園,從而推(tui)進“生態洪(hong)江(jiang)(jiang),美麗(li)黔陽”建(jian)(jian)設。相信不久(jiu)的(de)(de)將來,在各地(di)政(zheng)(zheng)府的(de)(de)高度重視和大力支持以及(ji)當(dang)地(di)人民群眾的(de)(de)共同努力下,湖(hu)南洪(hong)江(jiang)(jiang)清江(jiang)(jiang)湖(hu)國家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園一定會建(jian)(jian)設成為湘楚大地(di)上(shang)一顆璀璨(can)的(de)(de)明珠,成為庫塘型(xing)濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)園建(jian)(jian)設的(de)(de)典(dian)范。