生平經歷
早年經歷
建武元年(494年),蕭寶(bao)融受封為隨(sui)郡王,食邑二千戶。
建(jian)武三年(496年),蕭(xiao)寶融擔任冠軍(jun)(jun)將軍(jun)(jun),兼領石頭戍軍(jun)(jun)事。
永泰(tai)元年(498年),蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融的(de)父(fu)親齊明帝(di)蕭(xiao)(xiao)鸞(luan)去世,蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融的(de)同(tong)母兄蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)卷即位。
永元元年(499年),蕭(xiao)寶(bao)卷(juan)改封蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融為南(nan)康王,并(bing)任(ren)命他為持節,都(dou)督荊、雍、益、寧、梁、南(nan)秦、北秦七州(zhou)軍事,西(xi)中(zhong)郎將,荊州(zhou)刺史。
勸進帝位
永元二(er)年(500年)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)月十(shi)(shi)八(ba)日,長史蕭(xiao)(xiao)穎(ying)胄(zhou)殺(sha)輔(fu)國將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)、巴西、梓潼二(er)郡(jun)太守劉山(shan)陽(yang),擁戴南(nan)康王蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶融舉義。十(shi)(shi)一(yi)月十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)日,蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶融對部(bu)下嚴(yan)格要(yao)求。又(you)對部(bu)下說:“如今我(wo)親自率(lv)領晉陽(yang)的(de)軍(jun)(jun)隊前去翦除(chu)朝廷(ting)的(de)兇孽,現在戰事吃緊(jin),我(wo)們(men)應該對人(ren)們(men)多施恩惠(hui),除(chu)了已判斬首之刑的(de)以外,其余的(de)一(yi)概釋放。原(yuan)來(lai)有(you)(you)職務的(de),立即(ji)恢復原(yuan)職。將(jiang)(jiang)吏提(ti)升一(yi)級,現役人(ren)員(yuan)有(you)(you)家(jia)屬的(de),發給他(ta)(ta)們(men)官糧。其他(ta)(ta)各種雜(za)役人(ren)員(yuan)現在各軍(jun)(jun)中(zhong)作戰士(shi)的(de),事成之后,都寬(kuan)免(mian)為(wei)民(min)。有(you)(you)關立功獎(jiang)賞等辦法(fa),再作其他(ta)(ta)規定。”
十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)月(yue)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri),任命雍州刺史蕭(xiao)衍為(wei)使持節、都(dou)(dou)(dou)督前鋒諸(zhu)軍(jun)事、左將(jiang)軍(jun)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)日(ri),蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)任命蕭(xiao)穎(ying)胄(zhou)為(wei)右將(jiang)軍(jun)、都(dou)(dou)(dou)督行(xing)留諸(zhu)軍(jun)事。二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)日(ri),蕭(xiao)衍等人上表(biao)勸請(qing)蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)即皇帝(di)位(wei)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri),群僚又上表(biao)進行(xing)勸進,蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)都(dou)(dou)(dou)沒答(da)應。十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)七日(ri),驍騎將(jiang)軍(jun)夏(xia)侯亶從京師來(lai)到江陵(ling),稱宣(xuan)德太后有令(ling):“西中郎將(jiang)、南(nan)康(kang)(kang)王(wang)蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)宜(yi)(yi)繼承(cheng)大統,登臨帝(di)位(wei)。等待清(qing)初(chu)宮(gong)內之后,便可(ke)施(shi)行(xing)帝(di)王(wang)的號(hao)令(ling),如今暫且晉封(feng)為(wei)宣(xuan)城、南(nan)瑯邪、南(nan)東海、東陽(yang)、臨海、新安、尋陽(yang)、南(nan)郡(jun)、竟(jing)陵(ling)、宜(yi)(yi)都(dou)(dou)(dou)十(shi)(shi)(shi)郡(jun)為(wei)宣(xuan)城王(wang),加封(feng)相國(guo)、荊州牧,加黃皞(hao),下面設置臣屬,遴選百(bai)官,西中郎府(fu)和南(nan)康(kang)(kang)國(guo)保留原來(lai)建制。軍(jun)隊所經之處(chu),附近主管(guan)官長都(dou)(dou)(dou)必須依(yi)照舊(jiu)典,備法(fa)駕奉迎(ying)。”
登基大赦
永元三年(nian)(501年(nian))正(zheng)(zheng)月(yue)初(chu)十(shi)(shi)日,蕭(xiao)寶融(rong)正(zheng)(zheng)式接(jie)受(shou)稱(cheng)帝的建議(yi),大(da)(da)赦天下,只有梅蟲兒(er)、茹法珍不予(yu)赦免。任(ren)命(ming)(ming)右將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)蕭(xiao)穎胄為(wei)(wei)左長史(shi),晉封(feng)為(wei)(wei)鎮(zhen)軍(jun)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)。蕭(xiao)衍(yan)晉封(feng)為(wei)(wei)征東將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)。正(zheng)(zheng)月(yue),任(ren)命(ming)(ming)冠軍(jun)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)楊公則為(wei)(wei)湘州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi),在(zai)城南(nan)樹(shu)大(da)(da)旗幕府(fu)。二月(yue)初(chu)一日,任(ren)命(ming)(ming)冠軍(jun)長史(shi)王(wang)茂先為(wei)(wei)江州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi),冠軍(jun)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)曹景(jing)宗(zong)為(wei)(wei)郢州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi),右將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)、邵陵王(wang)蕭(xiao)寶攸為(wei)(wei)荊州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。二月(yue)初(chu)五日,群臣進上(shang)皇(huang)帝尊號,設(she)立宗(zong)廟及南(nan)北郊祭祠。二月(yue)二十(shi)(shi)日,梁王(wang)蕭(xiao)衍(yan)率大(da)(da)軍(jun)駐扎(zha)在(zai)沔口,郢州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)張沖拒守。三月(yue)初(chu)三日,張沖死,驃騎將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)薛(xue)元嗣等固城拒守。
中(zhong)興元(yuan)年(501年)三月(yue)(yue)十一日(ri),蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)正式(shi)即皇帝位,大赦天下(xia),改元(yuan)中(zhong)興。文武官員(yuan)賜位二等(deng);鰥(guan)寡孤獨不能自養之(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren),每人(ren)(ren)(ren)賜給谷五(wu)斛。任命相國長史(shi)蕭(xiao)穎胄(zhou)為(wei)尚(shang)書令,晉安(an)王蕭(xiao)寶(bao)義為(wei)司(si)空(kong),廬陵(ling)王蕭(xiao)寶(bao)夤為(wei)徐州刺(ci)史(shi),散(san)騎常侍夏侯詳為(wei)中(zhong)領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蕭(xiao)偉為(wei)雍(yong)州刺(ci)史(shi)。三月(yue)(yue)十二日(ri),有(you)關部門奏請封(feng)庶人(ren)(ren)(ren)蕭(xiao)寶(bao)卷為(wei)零陽(yang)侯,蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)下(xia)詔(zhao)不答應。又(you)奏請封(feng)他為(wei)涪陵(ling)王,下(xia)詔(zhao)許可(ke)。之(zhi)后(hou),任命尚(shang)書令蕭(xiao)穎胄(zhou)行荊(jing)州刺(ci)史(shi),假黃鉞。三月(yue)(yue)十八日(ri),任命征虜將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)柳惔(yan)為(wei)益、寧二州刺(ci)史(shi)。三月(yue)(yue)二十五(wu)日(ri),任命冠軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)莊(zhuang)丘黑(hei)為(wei)梁、南秦二州刺(ci)史(shi),冠軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)鄧元(yuan)起(qi)為(wei)廣州刺(ci)史(shi)。四月(yue)(yue)初五(wu)日(ri),下(xia)詔(zhao)說:“荊(jing)、雍(yong)是(shi)我們(men)(men)當(dang)初舉(ju)義的(de)根本所在(zai),那里的(de)有(you)識之(zhi)士為(wei)我們(men)(men)謀劃,精細(xi)之(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)我們(men)(men)出(chu)力,現在(zai)我們(men)(men)應該對(dui)他們(men)(men)進行獎賞,只要是(shi)跟隨我東征討伐朝中(zhong)奸惡的(de),都(dou)要免除勞役。”
平定建康
中興元(yuan)(yuan)年(501年)五(wu)(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融來(lai)到竹林寺禪房(fang),宴會群臣。巴西太(tai)(tai)守魯(lu)休(xiu)(xiu)烈(lie)、巴東(dong)太(tai)(tai)守蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)惠訓之子(zi)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)璝(gui)抗拒義師。七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue),東(dong)軍(jun)主(zhu)帥吳子(zi)陽十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)軍(jun)救援郢(ying)州(zhou),兵(bing)駐加湖。七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)初五(wu)(wu)(wu)日(ri),被征虜將(jiang)軍(jun)王茂先(xian)擊破。七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九日(ri),任命(ming)王茂先(xian)為(wei)(wei)中護軍(jun)。二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)日(ri),魯(lu)山城(cheng)主(zhu)將(jiang)孫樂祖獻(xian)城(cheng)投降。七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)日(ri),郢(ying)城(cheng)主(zhu)將(jiang)薛元(yuan)(yuan)嗣投降。八月(yue)(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四日(ri),平西將(jiang)軍(jun)陳(chen)伯之宣布(bu)投降。不久,蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融任命(ming)陳(chen)伯之為(wei)(wei)江州(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)(shi),任命(ming)陳(chen)伯之之子(zi)陳(chen)虎牙為(wei)(wei)徐州(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)(shi)。九月(yue)(yue)(yue)初四日(ri),下詔令蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍(yan)如果平定京(jing)城(cheng),可以自(zi)行決斷處置,不必上奏(zou)請旨。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一月(yue)(yue)(yue)初五(wu)(wu)(wu)日(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融任命(ming)輔(fu)(fu)國將(jiang)軍(jun)李(li)元(yuan)(yuan)履為(wei)(wei)豫州(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)(shi)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一月(yue)(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日(ri),尚書令、鎮(zhen)軍(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)穎胄(zhou)去世(shi),任命(ming)黃門郎蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)澹行荊州(zhou)府事。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一月(yue)(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)日(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)璝(gui)、魯(lu)休(xiu)(xiu)烈(lie)向齊(qi)軍(jun)投降。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)初六日(ri),齊(qi)軍(jun)平定建康城(cheng)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)初九日(ri),皇太(tai)(tai)后下令任命(ming)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍(yan)為(wei)(wei)大司馬(ma)、錄尚書事、驃騎(qi)大將(jiang)軍(jun)、揚(yang)州(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)(shi),并(bing)封他為(wei)(wei)建安郡公,比照(zhao)晉武(wu)陵(ling)王司馬(ma)遵(zun)的先(xian)例,承制(zhi)總攬政務(wu),文武(wu)百官向其致敬。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日(ri),改(gai)封建安王蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)夤為(wei)(wei)鄱陽王。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)日(ri),任命(ming)司徒(tu)、揚(yang)州(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)(shi)晉安王蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)義為(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)尉,領司徒(tu)之職。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四日(ri),賞賜大司馬(ma)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍(yan)錢幣二(er)(er)(er)千(qian)(qian)萬,布(bu)絹各五(wu)(wu)(wu)千(qian)(qian)匹。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)日(ri),任命(ming)輔(fu)(fu)國將(jiang)軍(jun)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)宏為(wei)(wei)中護軍(jun)。
禪位被殺
中(zhong)興二(er)年(502年)正(zheng)月(yue)初(chu)九日(ri),宣德太后臨朝稱制,入(ru)居皇(huang)宮內殿。并且解除大(da)(da)(da)(da)司(si)馬(ma)蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍的承制。正(zheng)月(yue)初(chu)十(shi)(shi)日(ri),任命寧朔將軍(jun)蕭(xiao)(xiao)昺(bing)監管南兗州(zhou)。正(zheng)月(yue)十(shi)(shi)三日(ri),任命大(da)(da)(da)(da)司(si)馬(ma)蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍為(wei)都督中(zhong)外諸軍(jun)事,加(jia)殊禮。正(zheng)月(yue)二(er)十(shi)(shi)日(ri),任命大(da)(da)(da)(da)司(si)馬(ma)長史(shi)王亮為(wei)守尚書令(ling)。正(zheng)月(yue)二(er)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)日(ri),詔令(ling)大(da)(da)(da)(da)司(si)馬(ma)蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍進位相國(guo),總攝朝廷一切政務,并兼任揚州(zhou)牧,封十(shi)(shi)郡為(wei)梁公(gong),配備九錫之(zhi)禮,加(jia)遠游冠,位在(zai)諸王上,加(jia)相國(guo)綠騑綬,此舉大(da)(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)(da)增加(jia)了蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍的勢力(li)。正(zheng)月(yue)三十(shi)(shi)日(ri),任命新授職的右將軍(jun)曹景宗為(wei)郢州(zhou)刺史(shi)。
二(er)(er)月初三(san)日,蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融(rong)誅殺(sha)湘東(dong)(dong)王(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)晊。二(er)(er)月初九日,下(xia)詔梁(liang)公蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍(yan)(yan)晉(jin)封(feng)為梁(liang)王(wang)(wang),增封(feng)十(shi)(shi)郡。三(san)月初七(qi)日,皇太后下(xia)令賜(si)梁(liang)王(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍(yan)(yan)錢五百(bai)萬,布五千匹。三(san)月十(shi)(shi)三(san)日,鄱陽王(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)寅投(tou)奔北魏,誅殺(sha)邵陵王(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)攸、晉(jin)熙王(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)嵩、桂陽王(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)貞。之后命梁(liang)王(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍(yan)(yan)冠(guan)冕(mian)可(ke)用十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)旒,建天子旌旗,出行時(shi)警戒(jie)清(qing)道,禁止行人,乘(cheng)金(jin)銀馬車,可(ke)駕(jia)六馬,其余(yu)形(xing)制也同天子一般,朝廷(ting)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍(yan)(yan)一手遮天,朝廷(ting)大(da)權盡入他人之手。三(san)月二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)日,任命冠(guan)軍長史蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)秀(xiu)為南(nan)徐州刺史,新(xin)授(shou)職的中領軍蔡道恭為司(si)州刺史。蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融(rong)東(dong)(dong)回到姑(gu)熟。三(san)月二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)日,蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融(rong)被(bei)迫禪位(wei)給梁(liang)王(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍(yan)(yan),南(nan)朝齊滅亡。
四(si)月(yue)初(chu)三(san)日(ri),禪位詔(zhao)書下(xia)達,皇(huang)太后退居外(wai)宮。四(si)月(yue)初(chu)九日(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍封(feng)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶融為(wei)巴陵王(wang)(wang),王(wang)(wang)宮設在姑熟,仍然(ran)使用(yong)齊朝的歷法,一切照先例(li)進行。當時,蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍想以(yi)南海郡(jun)為(wei)巴陵國(guo),遷(qian)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶融前去居住,可(ke)(ke)是,沈約卻對蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍說:“古今不(bu)同(tong),當年魏武帝(di)曹(cao)操曾經說過:‘不(bu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)慕虛名(ming)而受實(shi)禍(huo)。’”蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍聽后點頭同(tong)意,于(yu)四(si)月(yue)初(chu)十派遣親信(xin)鄭伯禽到姑孰,把生金子給蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶融,讓(rang)他吞下(xia)去,蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶融說:“我死不(bu)須(xu)用(yong)金子,有(you)醇酒就(jiu)足夠。”于(yu)是,就(jiu)給他飲酒,喝的爛醉,鄭伯禽上(shang)前將其殺死。時年十五歲。追(zhui)謚為(wei)齊和帝(di),葬于(yu)恭安陵。巴陵王(wang)(wang)爵位由其兄長蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶義繼承。
歷史評價
蕭子顯《南齊書(shu)》:“和(he)帝晚隆(long),掃難(nan)清宮。達機睹運,高頌永(yong)終。”