生平經歷
早年經歷
建武元年(nian)(494年(nian)),蕭寶融受封為隨郡王,食邑(yi)二千(qian)戶。
建武三年(496年),蕭寶融擔任冠軍將(jiang)軍,兼(jian)領(ling)石頭戍軍事。
永泰(tai)元年(nian)(498年(nian)),蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)(rong)的父親齊明(ming)帝蕭(xiao)鸞去世(shi),蕭(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)(rong)的同(tong)母兄蕭(xiao)寶(bao)卷即位。
永元元年(499年),蕭(xiao)寶卷改封蕭(xiao)寶融為南康(kang)王(wang),并任命他為持節,都督荊(jing)(jing)、雍、益、寧、梁、南秦、北秦七(qi)州軍事,西中(zhong)郎將,荊(jing)(jing)州刺史。
勸進帝位
永元二(er)年(500年)十一(yi)月十八日,長史蕭(xiao)穎胄殺輔國將軍(jun)(jun)、巴西、梓潼二(er)郡太守劉山陽(yang),擁戴南康王蕭(xiao)寶融舉義。十一(yi)月十九日,蕭(xiao)寶融對(dui)部下(xia)嚴格(ge)要求(qiu)。又對(dui)部下(xia)說:“如今我親自率領晉陽(yang)的(de)軍(jun)(jun)隊前去翦除朝(chao)廷的(de)兇孽(nie),現(xian)在戰事吃(chi)緊(jin),我們應該對(dui)人們多施恩惠,除了已判斬首(shou)之(zhi)刑(xing)的(de)以外,其(qi)余的(de)一(yi)概釋放。原(yuan)來有(you)職務的(de),立(li)即(ji)恢復原(yuan)職。將吏提升(sheng)一(yi)級,現(xian)役(yi)人員有(you)家屬(shu)的(de),發(fa)給他們官糧。其(qi)他各(ge)種雜役(yi)人員現(xian)在各(ge)軍(jun)(jun)中作戰士的(de),事成(cheng)之(zhi)后,都寬免為民。有(you)關立(li)功獎賞等辦法,再(zai)作其(qi)他規定。”
十(shi)一月二十(shi)日(ri)(ri),任(ren)命(ming)(ming)雍州刺(ci)史蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍為使持節、都督前鋒諸軍(jun)(jun)事(shi)、左將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)。二十(shi)一日(ri)(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融任(ren)命(ming)(ming)蕭(xiao)(xiao)穎胄為右將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)、都督行留(liu)諸軍(jun)(jun)事(shi)。二十(shi)二日(ri)(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍等人上表(biao)勸請蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融即皇帝位。十(shi)二月十(shi)日(ri)(ri),群僚又上表(biao)進(jin)行勸進(jin),蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融都沒(mei)答應。十(shi)二月二十(shi)七日(ri)(ri),驍騎將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)夏侯亶從京師來到江陵,稱(cheng)宣德太后(hou)有令:“西中郎將(jiang)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)康王(wang)(wang)(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融宜(yi)繼(ji)承(cheng)大統,登(deng)臨帝位。等待清初宮(gong)內之后(hou),便可施行帝王(wang)(wang)(wang)的號令,如(ru)今暫且晉封為宣城、南(nan)(nan)(nan)瑯邪、南(nan)(nan)(nan)東海(hai)、東陽、臨海(hai)、新(xin)安(an)、尋陽、南(nan)(nan)(nan)郡(jun)、竟陵、宜(yi)都十(shi)郡(jun)為宣城王(wang)(wang)(wang),加(jia)封相國、荊州牧,加(jia)黃皞,下面設(she)置臣屬(shu),遴(lin)選百官(guan),西中郎府和南(nan)(nan)(nan)康國保(bao)留(liu)原來建(jian)制。軍(jun)(jun)隊所(suo)經之處,附近(jin)主(zhu)管官(guan)長都必(bi)須依照(zhao)舊典,備法駕奉(feng)迎。”
登基大赦
永元三(san)(san)年(501年)正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)初(chu)十(shi)日,蕭寶融(rong)正(zheng)式接(jie)受稱帝的建(jian)議,大赦(she)天下,只有梅蟲兒、茹法珍不(bu)予赦(she)免。任命(ming)右將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)蕭穎胄(zhou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)左長史(shi),晉封為(wei)(wei)(wei)鎮軍(jun)(jun)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)。蕭衍(yan)晉封為(wei)(wei)(wei)征東將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)。正(zheng)月(yue)(yue),任命(ming)冠軍(jun)(jun)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)楊公則為(wei)(wei)(wei)湘州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi),在城南(nan)樹大旗幕府。二(er)月(yue)(yue)初(chu)一日,任命(ming)冠軍(jun)(jun)長史(shi)王茂先為(wei)(wei)(wei)江州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi),冠軍(jun)(jun)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)曹景宗為(wei)(wei)(wei)郢州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi),右將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)、邵陵王蕭寶攸為(wei)(wei)(wei)荊州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。二(er)月(yue)(yue)初(chu)五日,群臣進上皇(huang)帝尊號(hao),設(she)立宗廟(miao)及南(nan)北郊祭祠。二(er)月(yue)(yue)二(er)十(shi)日,梁(liang)王蕭衍(yan)率大軍(jun)(jun)駐扎(zha)在沔口,郢州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)張沖拒(ju)守。三(san)(san)月(yue)(yue)初(chu)三(san)(san)日,張沖死,驃(piao)騎將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)薛元嗣等固城拒(ju)守。
中(zhong)(zhong)興元年(501年)三(san)月(yue)(yue)十一(yi)日(ri)(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融(rong)正式即皇帝位,大赦天下(xia),改元中(zhong)(zhong)興。文(wen)武官員賜位二(er)等;鰥寡孤(gu)獨不(bu)能自養(yang)之(zhi)人(ren)(ren),每人(ren)(ren)賜給谷五(wu)斛。任(ren)命相(xiang)國(guo)長(chang)史(shi)(shi)蕭(xiao)(xiao)穎(ying)胄為(wei)尚書令,晉安王蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)義為(wei)司空,廬(lu)陵王蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)夤為(wei)徐州刺史(shi)(shi),散騎常侍(shi)夏侯詳(xiang)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)領軍(jun),領軍(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)蕭(xiao)(xiao)偉為(wei)雍(yong)(yong)州刺史(shi)(shi)。三(san)月(yue)(yue)十二(er)日(ri)(ri),有關部門奏請(qing)封庶人(ren)(ren)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)卷為(wei)零陽侯,蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)(bao)融(rong)下(xia)詔不(bu)答(da)應。又奏請(qing)封他為(wei)涪陵王,下(xia)詔許可。之(zhi)后,任(ren)命尚書令蕭(xiao)(xiao)穎(ying)胄行荊州刺史(shi)(shi),假黃鉞。三(san)月(yue)(yue)十八(ba)日(ri)(ri),任(ren)命征(zheng)虜將(jiang)軍(jun)柳惔為(wei)益(yi)、寧二(er)州刺史(shi)(shi)。三(san)月(yue)(yue)二(er)十五(wu)日(ri)(ri),任(ren)命冠軍(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)莊(zhuang)丘黑為(wei)梁(liang)、南秦二(er)州刺史(shi)(shi),冠軍(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)鄧元起(qi)為(wei)廣州刺史(shi)(shi)。四月(yue)(yue)初(chu)五(wu)日(ri)(ri),下(xia)詔說(shuo):“荊、雍(yong)(yong)是我們(men)當初(chu)舉(ju)義的(de)根本所(suo)在,那里(li)的(de)有識之(zhi)士為(wei)我們(men)謀劃,精(jing)細之(zhi)人(ren)(ren)為(wei)我們(men)出力,現在我們(men)應該對他們(men)進行獎(jiang)賞(shang),只要是跟隨我東征(zheng)討伐朝中(zhong)(zhong)奸惡的(de),都要免除勞役。”
平定建康
中興元年(nian)(501年(nian))五月(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)來到竹林寺禪房,宴(yan)會群臣。巴(ba)西太(tai)守(shou)魯休烈、巴(ba)東太(tai)守(shou)蕭(xiao)(xiao)惠訓之(zhi)(zhi)子蕭(xiao)(xiao)璝抗(kang)拒義師。七月(yue)(yue),東軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主帥(shuai)吳(wu)子陽十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)救援郢(ying)州(zhou),兵駐(zhu)加湖。七月(yue)(yue)初(chu)五日(ri),被征虜(lu)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)王(wang)茂先(xian)(xian)擊(ji)破。七月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)日(ri),任命(ming)(ming)王(wang)茂先(xian)(xian)為(wei)中護軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五日(ri),魯山城主將(jiang)(jiang)孫樂祖獻城投降。七月(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七日(ri),郢(ying)城主將(jiang)(jiang)薛元嗣投降。八(ba)月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)日(ri),平西將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)陳(chen)伯(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)宣布投降。不久(jiu),蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)任命(ming)(ming)陳(chen)伯(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)江州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi),任命(ming)(ming)陳(chen)伯(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)子陳(chen)虎牙為(wei)徐州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。九(jiu)月(yue)(yue)初(chu)四(si)(si)日(ri),下詔令(ling)蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍如果平定京城,可以自行決斷(duan)處置,不必上(shang)奏請(qing)旨(zhi)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一月(yue)(yue)初(chu)五日(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)融(rong)任命(ming)(ming)輔(fu)國將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)李元履為(wei)豫州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日(ri),尚書令(ling)、鎮(zhen)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蕭(xiao)(xiao)穎胄去(qu)世,任命(ming)(ming)黃門郎蕭(xiao)(xiao)澹行荊(jing)州(zhou)府事。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一月(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七日(ri),蕭(xiao)(xiao)璝、魯休烈向齊軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)投降。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)初(chu)六(liu)日(ri),齊軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)平定建康(kang)城。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)初(chu)九(jiu)日(ri),皇(huang)太(tai)后下令(ling)任命(ming)(ming)蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍為(wei)大司(si)(si)馬(ma)、錄尚書事、驃騎大將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、揚(yang)州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi),并(bing)封他(ta)為(wei)建安(an)郡公,比照晉武陵王(wang)司(si)(si)馬(ma)遵的(de)先(xian)(xian)例(li),承制總攬(lan)政務(wu),文(wen)武百官向其致敬。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)日(ri),改封建安(an)王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)夤為(wei)鄱(po)陽王(wang)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三日(ri),任命(ming)(ming)司(si)(si)徒(tu)、揚(yang)州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)晉安(an)王(wang)蕭(xiao)(xiao)寶(bao)義為(wei)太(tai)尉,領司(si)(si)徒(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)職。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)日(ri),賞賜大司(si)(si)馬(ma)蕭(xiao)(xiao)衍錢幣二(er)(er)(er)千萬(wan),布絹各(ge)五千匹。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五日(ri),任命(ming)(ming)輔(fu)國將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蕭(xiao)(xiao)宏(hong)為(wei)中護軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。
禪位被殺
中(zhong)興二年(502年)正月(yue)(yue)初(chu)九(jiu)日(ri),宣德太后臨朝(chao)稱制,入(ru)居皇宮內殿。并且解(jie)除大(da)(da)司馬(ma)(ma)蕭衍(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)承制。正月(yue)(yue)初(chu)十(shi)日(ri),任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)命寧朔(shuo)將(jiang)軍蕭昺(bing)監管南兗州。正月(yue)(yue)十(shi)三日(ri),任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)命大(da)(da)司馬(ma)(ma)蕭衍(yan)(yan)為都督(du)中(zhong)外諸(zhu)軍事,加(jia)殊禮。正月(yue)(yue)二十(shi)日(ri),任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)命大(da)(da)司馬(ma)(ma)長史王亮(liang)為守尚(shang)書令。正月(yue)(yue)二十(shi)五日(ri),詔令大(da)(da)司馬(ma)(ma)蕭衍(yan)(yan)進位相國(guo),總攝朝(chao)廷一切政務,并兼任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)揚州牧,封十(shi)郡為梁公,配備九(jiu)錫之(zhi)禮,加(jia)遠(yuan)游冠,位在諸(zhu)王上,加(jia)相國(guo)綠(lv)騑綬,此舉大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增加(jia)了蕭衍(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)勢(shi)力(li)。正月(yue)(yue)三十(shi)日(ri),任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)命新授職的(de)(de)右將(jiang)軍曹(cao)景宗為郢州刺史。
二(er)月(yue)(yue)初三(san)日(ri)(ri),蕭寶(bao)(bao)(bao)融(rong)誅殺湘東王蕭寶(bao)(bao)(bao)晊。二(er)月(yue)(yue)初九日(ri)(ri),下詔(zhao)梁公蕭衍(yan)晉(jin)封為梁王,增封十(shi)(shi)郡。三(san)月(yue)(yue)初七日(ri)(ri),皇太后下令賜梁王蕭衍(yan)錢五百萬(wan),布(bu)五千(qian)匹。三(san)月(yue)(yue)十(shi)(shi)三(san)日(ri)(ri),鄱陽(yang)王蕭寶(bao)(bao)(bao)寅投奔北魏(wei),誅殺邵陵王蕭寶(bao)(bao)(bao)攸、晉(jin)熙(xi)王蕭寶(bao)(bao)(bao)嵩、桂陽(yang)王蕭寶(bao)(bao)(bao)貞。之后命(ming)(ming)梁王蕭衍(yan)冠(guan)冕可用十(shi)(shi)二(er)旒,建天(tian)子旌(jing)旗,出行時警戒清道(dao),禁止行人,乘(cheng)金銀馬車,可駕六馬,其余形制也同天(tian)子一般(ban),朝(chao)廷蕭衍(yan)一手遮天(tian),朝(chao)廷大權(quan)盡入(ru)他(ta)人之手。三(san)月(yue)(yue)二(er)十(shi)(shi)二(er)日(ri)(ri),任(ren)命(ming)(ming)冠(guan)軍長(chang)史(shi)(shi)(shi)蕭秀為南(nan)徐(xu)州(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)(shi),新授職的中領(ling)軍蔡(cai)道(dao)恭為司(si)州(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)(shi)。蕭寶(bao)(bao)(bao)融(rong)東回到(dao)姑熟。三(san)月(yue)(yue)二(er)十(shi)(shi)八日(ri)(ri),蕭寶(bao)(bao)(bao)融(rong)被迫禪位給梁王蕭衍(yan),南(nan)朝(chao)齊滅(mie)亡。
四(si)月初(chu)三日,禪(chan)位詔書下(xia)達,皇太(tai)后(hou)退居外宮。四(si)月初(chu)九日,蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍封蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶融為巴(ba)(ba)陵(ling)王,王宮設(she)在姑熟,仍然使用(yong)齊朝(chao)的歷法,一切照先例(li)進行。當(dang)時,蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍想(xiang)以南海(hai)郡為巴(ba)(ba)陵(ling)國,遷蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶融前去居住,可(ke)是,沈約卻對蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍說:“古今不(bu)(bu)同(tong),當(dang)年魏武帝曹操曾經說過:‘不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以慕虛(xu)名而受實(shi)禍。’”蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)衍聽后(hou)點頭(tou)同(tong)意,于四(si)月初(chu)十派遣親信鄭伯禽(qin)到姑孰,把生金子給(gei)蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶融,讓他吞下(xia)去,蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶融說:“我死不(bu)(bu)須用(yong)金子,有醇(chun)酒(jiu)就足(zu)夠。”于是,就給(gei)他飲(yin)酒(jiu),喝(he)的爛醉,鄭伯禽(qin)上前將其殺死。時年十五歲。追謚(shi)為齊和帝,葬于恭安陵(ling)。巴(ba)(ba)陵(ling)王爵位由其兄長蕭(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)寶義繼承。
歷史評價
蕭子顯《南齊書》:“和帝(di)晚(wan)隆,掃難清宮。達機(ji)睹運,高頌(song)永終。”