簡介
玉(yu)(yu)環(huan)位(wei)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)浙(zhe)江東南沿海(hai)(hai)黃金海(hai)(hai)岸線中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)段,介于(yu)寧波(bo)、溫(wen)州(zhou)兩開放城(cheng)市(shi)之間,由楚(chu)門半島、玉(yu)(yu)環(huan)本島和135個外圍(wei)島嶼(yu)組成。地(di)處(chu)(chu)亞熱帶季風氣(qi)候區(qu),全年平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)17℃,平(ping)(ping)均降(jiang)水量1460.3毫(hao)米(mi),無霜期(qi)約260天。縣域總(zong)面積2300平(ping)(ping)方公里,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陸地(di)面積378平(ping)(ping)方公里。現有總(zong)人口51.8萬,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外來常住人口17萬。轄珠港(gang)鎮(zhen)(含(han)城(cheng)關辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)、坎(kan)門辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)、陳(chen)嶼(yu)辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu))、楚(chu)門鎮(zhen)、清港(gang)鎮(zhen)、蘆(lu)浦鎮(zhen)、干江鎮(zhen)、沙門鎮(zhen)、龍溪(xi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、雞山鄉(xiang)(xiang)、海(hai)(hai)山鄉(xiang)(xiang)6鎮(zhen)3鄉(xiang)(xiang)。2008年生產總(zong)值250億元,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)財政總(zong)收入(ru)(ru)35、6億元、地(di)方財政收入(ru)(ru)15、8 億元,城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)居民(min)可(ke)支配收入(ru)(ru)27347元、農民(min)人均純收入(ru)(ru)11219元。已經連續9次躋(ji)身“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)綜合(he)實力百強(qiang)縣”行列,居于(yu)第29位(wei)。
玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)歷史悠久,據考古發現(xian)的三合潭遺址證實,早在新(xin)石器時代,人(ren)類(lei)就(jiu)開始在玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)大(da)地上(shang)繁衍生息、創造文明(ming)。夏、周時期,玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)為(wei)"揚州之域"。清朝雍正六(liu)年(1782年)置玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)廳(ting),附溫州府。民國元年(1912年),行道(dao)縣(xian)制,玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)改(gai)為(wei)玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian),隸(li)屬(shu)溫州道(dao);1949年4月7日,玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)解(jie)放。建國后(hou),玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)屬(shu)溫州專(zhuan)(zhuan)區;1959年,玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)撤銷(xiao),并(bing)入(ru)溫嶺縣(xian),仍屬(shu)溫州專(zhuan)(zhuan)區;1962年,恢(hui)復玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)建制,隸(li)屬(shu)臺(tai)州專(zhuan)(zhuan)區。現(xian)今(jin),隨臺(tai)州改(gai)設為(wei)地級(ji)市(shi)(shi),玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)隸(li)屬(shu)臺(tai)州市(shi)(shi)。據志書(shu)記載,玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)名源自海島(dao)奇觀:晨霧繞島(dao),形狀如環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan);上(shang)有流水(shui),潔白如玉(yu)--玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)由此(ci)得名。
玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(漩門灣)水利風景區(qu)位于玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)西北部的樂清(qing)灣內,地(di)跨三鎮二鄉,東靠玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)次中(zhong)心重鎮楚(chu)門、清(qing)港兩(liang)鎮,南(nan)距玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)城中(zhong)心約15km。景區(qu)由玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)漩門二期蓄淡(dan)圍(wei)(wei)墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)和(he)玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)觀(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)農(nong)業(ye)園(yuan)兩(liang)部分組成,總面積(ji)(ji)6.5萬(wan)畝(43.33 km2)。其中(zhong),漩門二期蓄淡(dan)圍(wei)(wei)墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)由漩門二期蓄淡(dan)圍(wei)(wei)墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)工程圍(wei)(wei)墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)而(er)成,面積(ji)(ji)5.6萬(wan)畝(37.33 k㎡),工程于1999年(nian)(nian)正式開工,2005年(nian)(nian)全(quan)面完(wan)成,2006年(nian)(nian)通過完(wan)工驗(yan)收,概算(suan)投資5.201億元。玉(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)觀(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)農(nong)業(ye)園(yuan)與漩門二期蓄淡(dan)圍(wei)(wei)墾(ken)(ken)(ken)(ken)區(qu)相接,由苔山(shan)塘(tang)、楚(chu)北塘(tang)、楚(chu)南(nan)塘(tang)等上世紀六(liu)七(qi)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)代和(he)八(ba)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)代建設的三條海塘(tang)圍(wei)(wei)成,總面積(ji)(ji)9515畝。觀(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)農(nong)業(ye)園(yuan)始(shi)建于2000年(nian)(nian),目前(qian)初(chu)步建成了以楚(chu)南(nan)塘(tang)核心區(qu)為(wei)重點(dian),在全(quan)省(sheng)初(chu)具名聲的農(nong)業(ye)生產與示(shi)范、科(ke)研科(ke)普(pu)(pu)、農(nong)事體驗(yan)與休閑觀(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)相結合的綠色生態園(yuan)區(qu)。該園(yuan)已被授予全(quan)國(guo)農(nong)業(ye)旅游示(shi)范點(dian)、國(guo)家AAA級旅游景區(qu)、全(quan)國(guo)農(nong)業(ye)科(ke)普(pu)(pu)示(shi)范基地(di)和(he)省(sheng)農(nong)家樂特色點(dian)等稱(cheng)號。
玉環(huan)(huan)(漩門灣(wan))水(shui)利風景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)自(zi)然風光旖旎(ni),生態環(huan)(huan)境佳絕,灘涂、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)、小島、背(bei)景(jing)(jing)(jing)山(shan)林(lin)交(jiao)相輝映,旅(lv)游(you)資(zi)(zi)源單(dan)(dan)體數量合計(ji)40個(ge),其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)優良(liang)旅(lv)游(you)資(zi)(zi)源有37個(ge)(其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)五級(ji)10個(ge)、四級(ji)13個(ge)、三級(ji)7個(ge)),占75%;普通級(ji)10個(ge)(其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)二(er)級(ji)6個(ge)、一級(ji)4個(ge)),占25%。景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)內的(de)水(shui)文景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、地(di)(di)輿景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、天象景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、生物(wu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、工程(cheng)景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、文化景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)等資(zi)(zi)源組合時空(kong)分布有序、烘托和諧、富有特色(se)。區(qu)內淡水(shui)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)面積(ji)九(jiu)千五百余(yu)畝(mu),現狀(zhuang)旅(lv)游(you)資(zi)(zi)源單(dan)(dan)體以(yi)水(shui)鳥棲息濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)、檉(cheng)柳(liu)自(zi)然次生濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)、圍墾工程(cheng)遺跡(ji)次生濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)、九(jiu)眼港(gang)觀(guan)(guan)光游(you)憩河段(duan)、雁蕩(dang)蘆(lu)花沼澤與濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)為主(zhu)(zhu);現狀(zhuang)植被(bei)(bei)觀(guan)(guan)光園以(yi)栽(zai)培(pei)植被(bei)(bei)為主(zhu)(zhu)、圍墾區(qu)以(yi)自(zi)然植被(bei)(bei)為主(zhu)(zhu)。栽(zai)培(pei)植被(bei)(bei)類型主(zhu)(zhu)要有常綠闊(kuo)葉林(lin)(木麻黃林(lin)和玉環(huan)(huan)柚經(jing)濟林(lin)),自(zi)然植被(bei)(bei)類型有沼生水(shui)生植被(bei)(bei)(蘆(lu)葦群落、空(kong)心蓮(lian)子草群落)、濱(bin)海鹽生植被(bei)(bei)(鹽地(di)(di)堿蓬群落)等。植物(wu)區(qu)系屬中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)-日本森林(lin)植物(wu)亞(ya)區(qu)的(de)華南區(qu)北緣;
野(ye)生(sheng)動物(wu)資(zi)(zi)源4綱16目29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中不乏鳶(yuan)、蒼鷹等國家二級重點保護動物(wu),是全國最大(da)(da)(da)的(de)野(ye)生(sheng)黑(hei)嘴鷗棲息地之一(yi);區(qu)(qu)內已(yi)鑒定出(chu)浮游植物(wu)4門(men)16屬(shu)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、浮游動物(wu)21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、底棲生(sheng)物(wu)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)與(yu)海(hai)(hai)堤外的(de)樂清灣直接相連,海(hai)(hai)灣“漲潮為海(hai)(hai)、退(tui)潮為江”似江似海(hai)(hai)的(de)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)奇特;海(hai)(hai)上長堤7千余米,氣勢恢(hui)弘(hong),猶(you)如碧海(hai)(hai)蒼龍將大(da)(da)(da)海(hai)(hai)與(yu)湖泊東(dong)西分隔,使(shi)得(de)廣闊的(de)海(hai)(hai)洋濕地資(zi)(zi)源與(yu)區(qu)(qu)內的(de)淡水濕地區(qu)(qu)形成了頗(po)具(ju)特色的(de)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不同類型的(de)濕地資(zi)(zi)源組(zu)合,全國少(shao)有(you);景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)內現存具(ju)有(you)較高旅(lv)游資(zi)(zi)源等級的(de)各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)歷史遺跡(ji)有(you)四處(chu),并有(you)“深浦古渡”、小龍王(wang)抗倭(wo)紀(ji)念碑、三角板(ban)涂傳說等大(da)(da)(da)量紀(ji)念物(wu)、民間傳說和故事(shi)等資(zi)(zi)源;建(jian)成投(tou)運的(de)觀(guan)光(guang)農(nong)業園(yuan)建(jian)有(you)多處(chu)旅(lv)游休閑景(jing)(jing)點和農(nong)事(shi)體驗區(qu)(qu),特別是以中國三大(da)(da)(da)名柚(you)之一(yi)的(de)特色果(guo)樹品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“玉(yu)(yu)環柚(you)”成片(pian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植為基礎(chu)的(de)綠(lv)色果(guo)品生(sheng)產和果(guo)園(yuan)生(sheng)態旅(lv)游觀(guan)光(guang),已(yi)經成為生(sheng)態玉(yu)(yu)環的(de)一(yi)張綠(lv)色名片(pian)。