永春桃溪水利風景區概況
桃溪(xi)(xi)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)水(shui)利風景區以桃溪(xi)(xi)縣(xian)城(cheng)河段為主(zhu)體(ti),向上游(you)、下游(you)輻射整個流(liu)(liu)域(yu)沿途景觀,西起石鼓鎮(zhen)(zhen)卿(qing)園橋,東(dong)至東(dong)關鎮(zhen)(zhen)東(dong)關古橋,主(zhu)河道長 19 公里,規(gui)劃總面積 5.14 平(ping)方(fang)公里,其中水(shui)域(yu)面積 1.27 平(ping)方(fang)公里,陸地面積 3.87 平(ping)方(fang)公里。桃溪(xi)(xi)流(liu)(liu)經石鼓鎮(zhen)(zhen)、五里街(jie)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、桃城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、東(dong)平(ping)鎮(zhen)(zhen)以及東(dong)關鎮(zhen)(zhen) 5 個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)。
河流
桃溪(xi)(xi)發源(yuan)于(yu)永(yong)春(chun)縣錦斗鄉珍(zhen)卿村附近的(de)(de)(de)雪山(shan)(shan)南(nan)麓,流經(jing)永(yong)春(chun)縣錦斗、呈(cheng)祥、蓬(peng)壺(hu)(hu)、達(da)(da)(da)埔(pu)、石鼓(gu)、五(wu)里(li)街、桃城(cheng)和(he)東(dong)(dong)平8個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen),出東(dong)(dong)關(guan)入(ru)(ru)山(shan)(shan)美水(shui)庫為晉江東(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi),全長61.75公里(li),主流自珍(zhen)卿村口拱橋(qiao)至(zhi)東(dong)(dong)關(guan)出縣境長48公里(li),流域面積476平方公里(li),為永(yong)春(chun)縣境內最主要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)河(he)流。桃溪(xi)(xi)河(he)道比(bi)降平均為6.2‰(至(zhi)水(shui)文站),河(he)床(chuang)最寬處(chu)百米以上(shang)。歷史上(shang)舟楫(ji)可(ke)通(tong)至(zhi)石鼓(gu)潭,1958年仍可(ke)通(tong)至(zhi)儒(ru)林的(de)(de)(de)義(yi)烈(lie)祠后,以后因水(shui)土流失嚴(yan)重,河(he)床(chuang)淤積,已失去舟楫(ji)之(zhi)利(li)。桃溪(xi)(xi)較大的(de)(de)(de)支流有壺(hu)(hu)東(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi)、延清(qing)溪(xi)(xi)、達(da)(da)(da)里(li)溪(xi)(xi)、高(gao)壟(long)溪(xi)(xi)。壺(hu)(hu)東(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi)發源(yuan)于(yu)永(yong)春(chun)縣蘇坑鄉馬鞍與德化(hua)縣潯中鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)交界處(chu),流經(jing)熙里(li)、東(dong)(dong)星、溪(xi)(xi)園、魁都(dou)、湯城(cheng)、壺(hu)(hu)中,在(zai)雙(shuang)溪(xi)(xi)口與桃溪(xi)(xi)匯(hui)合,全長13.75公里(li),流經(jing)蘇坑和(he)蓬(peng)壺(hu)(hu)2個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)。延清(qing)溪(xi)(xi)發源(yuan)于(yu)永(yong)春(chun)縣蓬(peng)壺(hu)(hu)鎮(zhen)聯星村,流經(jing)溪(xi)(xi)源(yuan)、前(qian)峰(feng)、蓬(peng)萊、建國,在(zai)達(da)(da)(da)埔(pu)鄉新瓊村匯(hui)入(ru)(ru)桃溪(xi)(xi),全長8公里(li)。達(da)(da)(da)里(li)溪(xi)(xi)發源(yuan)于(yu)永(yong)春(chun)縣達(da)(da)(da)埔(pu)鄉達(da)(da)(da)山(shan)(shan),流經(jing)達(da)(da)(da)中、金星,在(zai)橋(qiao)頭(tou)宮注入(ru)(ru)桃溪(xi)(xi),全長8公里(li)。高(gao)壟(long)溪(xi)(xi)有2個(ge)源(yuan)地:東(dong)(dong)源(yuan)于(yu)吾(wu)峰(feng)鄉吾(wu)頂,流經(jing)梅林、后壟(long)、埔(pu)頭(tou)、社山(shan)(shan)、西(xi)安(an),在(zai)五(wu)里(li)街鎮(zhen)西(xi)安(an)橋(qiao)下匯(hui)入(ru)(ru)桃溪(xi)(xi),全長11.5公里(li);西(xi)源(yuan)于(yu)桃城(cheng)鎮(zhen)玳瑁山(shan)(shan)西(xi)面,流經(jing)蔣(jiang)溪(xi)(xi)、吾(wu)達(da)(da)(da)、吾(wu)東(dong)(dong),在(zai)五(wu)里(li)街鎮(zhen)與高(gao)壟(long)溪(xi)(xi)相匯(hui)合,全長4.5公里(li)。
桃溪發源于雪(xue)山南(nan)麓的(de)珍卿尖(jian),流(liu)(liu)經(jing)錦斗、呈祥(xiang)、蓬壸(kun)、達(da)埔、石(shi)(shi)鼓(gu)、五(wu)里(li)街、桃城、東平(ping)等八(ba)(ba)個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen),出東關入山美水(shui)庫為(wei)(wei)(wei)晉江東溪,全長(chang)六(liu)十一(yi).七五(wu)公(gong)里(li)。主流(liu)(liu)自珍卿村口拱橋至(zhi)東關出縣(xian)境長(chang)四十八(ba)(ba)公(gong)里(li)。流(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積(ji)四百七十六(liu)平(ping)方公(gong)里(li),溪流(liu)(liu)面(mian)積(ji)五(wu)千二(er)(er)百零八(ba)(ba)畝,流(liu)(liu)域平(ping)均(jun)坡度為(wei)(wei)(wei)百分之二(er)(er)十五(wu),溪床(chuang)坡降(jiang)平(ping)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)百分之零點六(liu)二(er)(er)(至(zhi)水(shui)文(wen)站),溪床(chuang)最寛處百米以(yi)上。歷史上舟(zhou)楫可通至(zhi)石(shi)(shi)鼓(gu)潭,一(yi)九五(wu)八(ba)(ba)年(nian)仍可通至(zhi)儒林的(de)義烈祠(ci)后。以(yi)后水(shui)土(tu)流(liu)(liu)失(shi)嚴(yan)重(一(yi)九八(ba)(ba)二(er)(er)年(nian)流(liu)(liu)沙量為(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)十七.八(ba)(ba)萬噸),溪道(dao)淤積(ji),成為(wei)(wei)(wei)淺灘(tan)沙溪。
桃溪(xi)(xi)(xi)是永(yong)春(chun)的(de)(de)主溪(xi)(xi)(xi),匯(hui)支流(liu)較多。在錦斗鄉匯(hui)洪內(nei)溪(xi)(xi)(xi);呈祥鄉柴(chai)橋(qiao)(qiao)頭匯(hui)呈祥溪(xi)(xi)(xi);經(jing)龍潭出馬跳至(zhi)(zhi)蓬(peng)壸,北(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)都溪(xi)(xi)(xi),東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)壸東(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi);折向(xiang)南(nan)到壸口(kou)橋(qiao)(qiao),西有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)西昌小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng),東(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)蘇(su)阪小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng);至(zhi)(zhi)芹(qin)(qin)山(shan)前折向(xiang)西流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)孔里宮,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)高(gao)麗溪(xi)(xi)(xi)來會(hui);轉南(nan)繞芹(qin)(qin)山(shan)至(zhi)(zhi)達埔坪尾(wei)(wei),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)路尾(wei)(wei)坑(keng)(keng)(keng),至(zhi)(zhi)玉樹壟有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)竹(zhu)下(xia)坑(keng)(keng)(keng);轉東(dong)(dong)南(nan)經(jing)神(shen)廟(miao)至(zhi)(zhi)橋(qiao)(qiao)頭宮一帶(dai),西有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)延(yan)清溪(xi)(xi)(xi)、達理溪(xi)(xi)(xi),東(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)源于百丈(zhang)巖的(de)(de)漢(han)口(kou)坑(keng)(keng)(keng);再(zai)(zai)向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)洋角尾(wei)(wei),南(nan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)源于舟山(shan)的(de)(de)洑溪(xi)(xi)(xi),北(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)園坑(keng)(keng)(keng);繞溪(xi)(xi)(xi)尾(wei)(wei)山(shan)向(xiang)北(bei)(bei)再(zai)(zai)斜轉東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei),經(jing)洑江至(zhi)(zhi)社山(shan),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)北(bei)(bei)來的(de)(de)田(tian)中坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、打石坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、磁灶坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、山(shan)前坑(keng)(keng)(keng)等水(shui)會(hui)合;此后轉東(dong)(dong)南(nan)流(liu)到西安橋(qiao)(qiao)上下(xia),匯(hui)合石鼓溪(xi)(xi)(xi)、高(gao)壟溪(xi)(xi)(xi),溪(xi)(xi)(xi)面進(jin)一步展(zhan)寛;經(jing)五里街、桃城,北(bei)(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)源于大(da)鵬山(shan)諸(zhu)小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng),東(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)龍蛟沙小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng),南(nan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)德風(feng)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)、花(hua)石溪(xi)(xi)(xi);至(zhi)(zhi)雙魚(yu)山(shan)下(xia)轉東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)行(xing),再(zai)(zai)折向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)繞花(hua)石山(shan)、水(shui)口(kou)山(shan)入東(dong)(dong)平,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鼓溪(xi)(xi)(xi)、磨刀坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、羅洋坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、芹(qin)(qin)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)諸(zhu)水(shui)來會(hui);流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)東(dong)(dong)關橋(qiao)(qiao)下(xia),匯(hui)湖洋溪(xi)(xi)(xi)過(guo)馬甲等灘出縣境(jing)。
桃溪比較大的支流有四:
壸東溪,發源于蘇坑鄉馬鞍與德(de)化交界處,全長十(shi)三.七五公里,流(liu)經熙里、東星、溪園(yuan)、魁斗(dou)、湯城、壸中,在雙溪口與桃溪匯合。
延(yan)清溪(xi),發(fa)源(yuan)于蓬(peng)壸鄉聯星村,全(quan)長八公里(li),流(liu)經溪(xi)源(yuan)、前鋒、蓬(peng)萊、建國(guo),在新瓊與桃溪(xi)匯合。
達(da)理溪,發源于(yu)烏石、達(da)山、全長十公里,流經達(da)理、達(da)中、金(jin)星,在橋頭宮與桃溪匯合。
高壟(long)溪(xi)(xi),有二個發源地(di):吾(wu)頂(ding)、玳瑁山(shan)(shan)。源于吾(wu)頂(ding)的全長十一.五(wu)公(gong)(gong)里,梳經(jing)默林、后壟(long)、吾(wu)西、吾(wu)中、棗嶺、高壟(long)、埔頭、社山(shan)(shan)、西安,在西安橋下與桃溪(xi)(xi)匯合。源于玳瑁山(shan)(shan)西面的全長四(si).五(wu)公(gong)(gong)里,經(jing)蔣溪(xi)(xi)、吾(wu)邊、吾(wu)東(dong),在高壟(long)村相匯合。
桃(tao)(tao)溪屬中--老(lao)年(nian)期溪流(liu),表現盆地溪流(liu),形成蛇曲。附城(cheng)區的原河渞曾從(cong)現在的縣農(nong)場(chang)(chang)沿桃(tao)(tao)星、桃(tao)(tao)場(chang)(chang)至(zhi)農(nong)科所,折(zhe)北東經義烈祠(ci)北向東流(liu)(經縣體育(yu)場(chang)(chang)北面),經過(guo)多次洪水災害而(er)逐漸(jian)改道為現溪流(liu)形狀(zhuang)。