臨淮(huai)崗洪水(shui)(shui)控(kong)制工程(cheng)(cheng),也稱(cheng)臨淮(huai)崗水(shui)(shui)利(li)樞紐工程(cheng)(cheng),是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)治淮(huai)19項骨干工程(cheng)(cheng)之一,也是國(guo)(guo)家“十五”計(ji)劃的(de)重點項目。該工程(cheng)(cheng)位于淮(huai)河(he)干流中(zhong)游霍邱(qiu)(qiu)縣和(he)潁上(shang)縣交界處的(de)臨淮(huai)崗,涉及河(he)南(nan)(nan)、安徽兩省,主體工程(cheng)(cheng)跨安徽省霍邱(qiu)(qiu)縣、潁上(shang)縣、阜南(nan)(nan)縣三(san)縣,控(kong)制面積4.22萬(wan)平方(fang)公里,一等大(da)型工程(cheng)(cheng),按100年一遇洪水(shui)(shui)標準(zhun)設計(ji),滯洪85.6億立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi),1000年一遇洪水(shui)(shui)標準(zhun)校(xiao)核(he),滯洪121.3億立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。
主(zhu)體工程(cheng)由主(zhu)壩、南北副壩、引河(he)、船閘、進泄洪閘等建筑(zhu)物組(zu)成。工程(cheng)全(quan)長78公里(li),總投(tou)資22.67億(yi)元。2001年底動工興建,2003年11月提前一年成功(gong)實現(xian)淮河(he)截流,2006年6月,主(zhu)體工程(cheng)順利通過(guo)竣工初步驗收(shou)。
臨(lin)淮(huai)崗洪水控制(zhi)工(gong)程(cheng)是將(jiang)淮(huai)河干流防洪標準提高(gao)到100年一遇的關鍵工(gong)程(cheng),堪稱淮(huai)河上(shang)的“三(san)峽工(gong)程(cheng)”和(he)“小浪底(di)工(gong)程(cheng)”,它(ta)的建(jian)成(cheng),在治(zhi)淮(huai)歷史上(shang)具有里程(cheng)碑的意義。
地理環境
臨淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)崗(gang)地區屬(shu)于(yu)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)河中游(you)(you)與上游(you)(you)交(jiao)(jiao)界的(de)地方(fang),上游(you)(you)的(de)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)河兩岸,地形為兩崗(gang)夾一(yi)洼,可滯蓄大量洪水(shui)(shui)(shui),是不(bu)可多得的(de)優良壩址(zhi)。臨淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)崗(gang)洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)控制工(gong)程壩址(zhi)以上淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)河長約(yue)490公里(li),集水(shui)(shui)(shui)面積242160公里(li)。在這個位于(yu)安徽省霍邱縣和(he)潁上縣交(jiao)(jiao)界處(chu)的(de)地方(fang),興建(jian)洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)控制性工(gong)程,可以扼(e)守著上游(you)(you)來水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)咽(yan)喉(hou)之(zhi)道(dao),幾乎(hu)控制了淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)河干(gan)(gan)流(liu)(liu)正陽關以上的(de)全部洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)臨淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)崗(gang)工(gong)程的(de)建(jian)設,將(jiang)從根本(ben)上改變淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)河干(gan)(gan)流(liu)(liu)洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)長驅直下,威脅淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)北地區和(he)沿淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)城市、工(gong)礦企業和(he)人民群眾生命(ming)財(cai)產安全的(de)被動局面。
工程概況
臨淮崗洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)控(kong)制(zhi)工(gong)程,是中(zhong)國治淮19項骨干工(gong)程之一,也是國家十(shi)五計(ji)劃的(de)重點項目。該工(gong)程位于淮河(he)干流(liu)中(zhong)游,涉及河(he)南、安徽兩省(sheng),主體工(gong)程跨(kua)安徽省(sheng)霍邱、潁上、阜南三縣,控(kong)制(zhi)面積(ji)4.22萬(wan)平方公里(li),一等大(1)型工(gong)程,按100年一遇洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)標準(zhun)設(she)計(ji),滯洪(hong)(hong)85.6億立方米,1000年一遇洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)標準(zhun)校核,滯洪(hong)(hong)121.3億立方米。
主(zhu)體工(gong)程由(you)主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)、南北副壩(ba)(ba)、引河、船閘(zha)、進(jin)泄洪閘(zha)等(deng)建(jian)筑物組(zu)成。工(gong)程全長(chang)78公里,總投資22.67億元(yuan)。
攔河壩
臨淮崗大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)由(you)主壩(ba)(ba)(ba)和南(nan)、北副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)組成(cheng),全長(chang)(chang)77.51公里。主壩(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)(chang)8.54公里,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)(ding)寬(kuan)10米(mi),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)31.7米(mi)。南(nan)副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)(chang)8.41公里,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)(ding)寬(kuan)6.0米(mi),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)32.25米(mi)。北副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)(chang)60.56公里,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)(ding)寬(kuan)6.0米(mi),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)32.21~32.95米(mi)。
南(nan)副壩(ba)(ba)建于(yu)2002年10月,2005年8月完工。南(nan)副壩(ba)(ba)為均質土(tu)壩(ba)(ba),1級建筑物(wu)。壩(ba)(ba)頂高程32.15m,頂寬6~8.5m,最大壩(ba)(ba)高11.0m,穿(chuan)壩(ba)(ba)建筑物(wu)7座。自(zi)城西湖船閘向南(nan)至霍(huo)邱縣大莫店子,全(quan)長8.41km。
臨(lin)淮崗(gang)北(bei)副壩(ba)(ba),自安徽省(sheng)潁上縣陳巷子起,沿半崗(gang)保(bao)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)圩(wei)堤(di)及(ji)古(gu)城保(bao)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)圩(wei),潤(run)趙段保(bao)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)圩(wei)的沿崗(gang)堤(di),經潤(run)河集穿陶壩(ba)(ba)孜(zi)閘(zha),沿南(nan)潤(run)段堤(di)至(zhi)南(nan)照集,黃(huang)崗(gang)轉向北(bei),經狗刺(ci)園楊莊(zhuang)(zhuang)轉向西(xi)至(zhi)張集閘(zha),全長60.519公(gong)里,壩(ba)(ba)頂高程為32.1米(mi)~32.85米(mi),壩(ba)(ba)頂寬(kuan)(kuan)度(du)為6.0m,壩(ba)(ba)頂設(she)4.5米(mi)寬(kuan)(kuan)的泥結(jie)碎石(shi)防汛路面。
進泄洪閘
進泄洪閘(zha)(zha)包括:49孔(kong)(kong)淺孔(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)、14孔(kong)(kong)姜唐(tang)湖(hu)進洪閘(zha)(zha),12孔(kong)(kong)深孔(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)等工程。
49孔淺孔閘,在(zai)安徽霍邱縣北20公(gong)里,位(wei)于(yu)七十二水(shui)(shui)匯正陽的(de)淮(huai)河(he)干(gan)中游正陽關(guan)以上28公(gong)里處。 49孔淺孔閘是臨淮(huai)崗洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)主要建(jian)(jian)筑物之一(yi),坐落在(zai)引(yin)河(he)左側灘地,大洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)時控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)淮(huai)河(he)干(gan)流(liu)下(xia)泄(xie)流(liu)量;非汛(xun)期和中小(xiao)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)時,敞開泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)。為一(yi)等(deng)1級工(gong)程(cheng),近(jin)100年(nian)(nian)一(yi)遇(yu)(yu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)標準設(she)計(ji),1000年(nian)(nian)一(yi)遇(yu)(yu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)標準校核。其閘設(she)計(ji)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)28.21M,閘下(xia)設(she)計(ji)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)26.75M,與其它泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)建(jian)(jian)筑物共同控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)流(liu)量7362立方米/秒。原(yuan)閘興建(jian)(jian)于(yu)1958年(nian)(nian),因(yin)歷史原(yuan)因(yin)建(jian)(jian)成后功能不(bu)全,存在(zai)諸(zhu)多安全隱患,2001年(nian)(nian)開始加(jia)固(gu)改(gai)建(jian)(jian)工(gong)程(cheng)。
深(shen)(shen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha),位(wei)于主(zhu)壩上(shang),在(zai)原深(shen)(shen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)與49孔(kong)(kong)(kong)淺孔(kong)(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)之間,為一(yi)(yi)等1級建(jian)筑物,按照100年(nian)一(yi)(yi)遇(yu)洪(hong)水(shui)時壩上(shang)設(she)(she)計(ji)洪(hong)水(shui)位(wei)18.41m(85國家高(gao)程基準,下(xia)(xia)同),壩下(xia)(xia)設(she)(she)計(ji)洪(hong)水(shui)位(wei)26.75m,深(shen)(shen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)與49孔(kong)(kong)(kong)淺孔(kong)(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)、姜(jiang)唐(tang)湖(hu)進洪(hong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)共同控(kong)制下(xia)(xia)泄流33量7362m/s,相應滯蓄庫(ku)容85.6億立方米。深(shen)(shen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)12孔(kong)(kong)(kong),單(dan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)凈寬8m,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)墩厚(hou)1.2m,縫墩厚(hou)1.0m,閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)室(shi)總寬115.8m。閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)底(di)坎(kan)高(gao)程14.9m,底(di)板厚(hou)1.5m。閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)室(shi)下(xia)(xia)游設(she)(she)公路橋(qiao),橋(qiao)面(mian)高(gao)程31.6m,橋(qiao)寬72×1.5(m)。閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)室(shi)箱(xiang)型(xing)構(gou)造,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部設(she)(she)撐梁。閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)室(shi)兩側空箱(xiang)岸(an)墻(qiang)(qiang),上(shang)部設(she)(she)橋(qiao)頭堡。橋(qiao)頭堡三層,框架結(jie)構(gou)。深(shen)(shen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)上(shang)游設(she)(she)15m長鋼(gang)筋(jin)砼(tong)鋪(pu)蓋(gai),鋪(pu)蓋(gai)上(shang)游接(jie)砌石(shi)護(hu)(hu)底(di)。深(shen)(shen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)下(xia)(xia)游設(she)(she)25m長鋼(gang)筋(jin)砼(tong)消(xiao)力池,池深(shen)(shen)1.0m;消(xiao)力池后接(jie)45m長砌石(shi)海(hai)漫,海(hai)漫后設(she)(she)拋石(shi)防沖槽。深(shen)(shen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)兩岸(an)對稱布置上(shang)下(xia)(xia)游翼墻(qiang)(qiang),翼墻(qiang)(qiang)一(yi)(yi)般為鋼(gang)筋(jin)砼(tong)空箱(xiang)結(jie)構(gou),最大擋土高(gao)度(du)13.3m,墻(qiang)(qiang)后填土內(nei)設(she)(she)土工格柵(zha)形(xing)成的(de)(de)加筋(jin)土擋墻(qiang)(qiang)。兩岸(an)護(hu)(hu)坡(po)分砌石(shi)護(hu)(hu)坡(po)與砼(tong)護(hu)(hu)坡(po)兩種(zhong),20m高(gao)程以下(xia)(xia)護(hu)(hu)坡(po)一(yi)(yi)般采(cai)用砌石(shi)結(jie)構(gou),20m以上(shang)采(cai)用砼(tong)結(jie)構(gou)。閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)基砂層出露(lu)較高(gao),在(zai)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)室(shi)四(si)周做多頭小(xiao)直徑(jing)深(shen)(shen)層攪拌樁形(xing)成的(de)(de)垂直防滲墻(qiang)(qiang)。深(shen)(shen)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)每孔(kong)(kong)(kong)一(yi)(yi)扇平面(mian)鋼(gang)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)門,門高(gao)8.5m。上(shang)下(xia)(xia)游各設(she)(she)一(yi)(yi)套檢(jian)修門。電氣設(she)(she)計(ji)包括(kuo)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)用主(zhu)變(bian)、一(yi)(yi)次電及集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)控(kong)制等。
姜唐(tang)湖(hu)進洪(hong)(hong)(hong)閘(zha),位于(yu)老(lao)淮(huai)河主槽與49孔(kong)淺孔(kong)閘(zha)間的(de)主壩上,共(gong)14孔(kong)。每孔(kong)凈寬(kuan)12.0m,閘(zha)孔(kong)總寬(kuan)196.82m,設計(ji)進洪(hong)(hong)(hong)流量2400立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)/秒。為Ⅰ級建(jian)(jian)筑物(wu),是(shi)臨淮(huai)崗(gang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水控制工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)主要(yao)建(jian)(jian)筑物(wu)之一(yi),在(zai)設計(ji)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水情況下,姜唐(tang)湖(hu)進洪(hong)(hong)(hong)閘(zha)與49孔(kong)淺孔(kong)閘(zha)、12孔(kong)深孔(kong)閘(zha)共(gong)同控制下泄流量,相(xiang)應滯蓄庫容85.6億立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)。此(ci)次通(tong)過(guo)驗收,將(jiang)正式(shi)投入使(shi)用(yong),參(can)與分泄淮(huai)干洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水,為臨淮(huai)崗(gang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)整體作用(yong)的(de)發揮(hui)和淮(huai)河的(de)防洪(hong)(hong)(hong)保安提供保證。于(yu)2003年4月24日(ri)正式(shi)開工(gong)(gong)(gong),2005年5月24日(ri)完工(gong)(gong)(gong),2005年8月8日(ri)通(tong)過(guo)驗收。
船閘
船閘(zha),包括臨淮崗(gang)船閘(zha)、城西湖船閘(zha)等。
臨淮崗船閘(zha),為溝通淮河(he)上下游航(hang)運(yun)的通航(hang)建(jian)(jian)筑物(wu),建(jian)(jian)于2002年10月,2005年6月完工。航(hang)道(dao)等級為Ⅳ級,500t級,閘(zha)室為130m×12m。
城西湖(hu)(hu)船(chuan)(chuan)閘(zha),1958年(nian)(nian)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)臨淮(huai)(huai)崗(gang)船(chuan)(chuan)閘(zha)(500t級(ji))開工修建,1962年(nian)(nian)臨淮(huai)(huai)崗(gang)工程停建后,1967年(nian)(nian)將其改建為(wei)城西湖(hu)(hu)船(chuan)(chuan)閘(zha),作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)溝通(tong)(tong)淮(huai)(huai)河與城西湖(hu)(hu)的航運(yun)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)(dao)。2002年(nian)(nian)10月進(jin)行加固改造(zao),2005年(nian)(nian)6月完(wan)工。城西湖(hu)(hu)船(chuan)(chuan)閘(zha)航道(dao)(dao)等級(ji)為(wei)Ⅵ級(ji),100t級(ji),閘(zha)室為(wei)108.65m×8m。