“石屋里”民居
始建(jian)(jian)(jian)于明(ming)宣德三(san)年(1428),建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑用材(cai)獨特,整個(ge)石(shi)(shi)屋(wu)(wu)所用材(cai)料全是石(shi)(shi)頭。門坎(kan)、檐板、神龕(kan)、房柱、照(zhao)(zhao)壁、屋(wu)(wu)檐、門樓以及地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)等(deng),采用光(guang)(guang)滑細膩的四方石(shi)(shi)塊磨光(guang)(guang)而成,故名“石(shi)(shi)屋(wu)(wu)里(li)”。進(jin)深三(san)進(jin),占地(di)(di)(di)1075平(ping)方米。屋(wu)(wu)內16根大石(shi)(shi)柱,高(gao)7.8米,牢牢地(di)(di)(di)擎(qing)著屋(wu)(wu)頂的大石(shi)(shi)梁(liang)。據說,當年主人興建(jian)(jian)(jian)房屋(wu)(wu)時,一根石(shi)(shi)柱就得耗費一根金條。宏偉的石(shi)(shi)屋(wu)(wu)看不到一絲(si)半(ban)點粗糙的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑痕跡,石(shi)(shi)塊之間(jian)銜接(jie)無縫,照(zhao)(zhao)樣雕(diao)龍(long)鑲(xiang)鳳,流(liu)光(guang)(guang)溢彩。雙(shuang)門樓居(ju)正廳(ting)右側(ce),上(shang)刻有(you)“雙(shuang)鳳朝陽(yang)”、“龍(long)鳳呈祥(xiang)”、“福祿壽喜(xi)”等(deng)圖(tu)案,石(shi)(shi)柱座(zuo)上(shang)八面(mian)玲瓏,雕(diao)刻有(you)獅、象、鹿、鶴、蓮花、文(wen)房四寶、花卉等(deng)精致吉祥(xiang)圖(tu)案。其木雕(diao)、磚雕(diao)、石(shi)(shi)雕(diao)工藝精湛(zhan),古(gu)樸典雅、栩(xu)栩(xu)如生,風格(ge)獨特,屋(wu)(wu)內冬(dong)暖夏(xia)涼(liang),四季如春,堪稱江南建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑一絕。
而且(qie)民宅內(nei)的石(shi)雕也(ye)具(ju)(ju)代(dai)表性,雙門樓居正廳刻(ke)(ke)有“雙鳳朝陽”“龍鳳呈祥”等圖(tu)案(an)(an),刀法細膩,層次清(qing)(qing)新,栩栩如(ru)生。石(shi)礎座上雕有獅、象、鹿、鶴、文(wen)房四寶、花(hua)卉等精致圖(tu)案(an)(an),具(ju)(ju)有典(dian)型的徽州雕刻(ke)(ke)特(te)征(zheng),惟妙(miao)惟肖。多(duo)年來(lai),“石(shi)屋里”民宅受到國內(nei)外學術(shu)界的廣泛關注,大家一致認為其(qi)對研究明清(qing)(qing)社會(hui)、思想、文(wen)化、民俗(su)風情、建筑藝術(shu)等方面具(ju)(ju)有極高的價值。