旅游信息
俞樾故居位于蘇(su)州市人民(min)路馬(ma)醫科(ke)43號,占(zhan)地共2800平(ping)方米,正(zheng)(zheng)宅(zhai)居中,自南而北分五(wu)進(jin),其東又建配房(fang)若干(gan),與正(zheng)(zheng)宅(zhai)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)以備弄分隔有(you)相(xiang)互溝通。其西(xi)、北為亭園部分,形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)一曲(qu)(qu)尺形(xing)(xing),對(dui)正(zheng)(zheng)宅(zhai)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)半包圍格局(ju)(ju)。正(zheng)(zheng)宅(zhai)門(men)廳(ting)和(he)轎廳(ting)皆為三間(jian)(jian)(jian)。第(di)三進(jin)為全宅(zhai)的主廳(ting),名(ming)"樂(le)知堂(tang)",面(mian)闊三間(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深(shen)五(wu)界(jie),為全宅(zhai)唯一大木(mu)結構采(cai)用扁(bian)作抬梁式的建筑,用料較為粗壯,裝飾樸素簡(jian)潔。這里為俞樾當(dang)年接(jie)待(dai)貴賓和(he)舉行(xing)(xing)生日祝壽等喜慶活動的場所。第(di)四、五(wu)進(jin)為內(nei)宅(zhai),即居住用房(fang),與主廳(ting)間(jian)(jian)(jian)以封火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)墻相(xiang)隔,中間(jian)(jian)(jian)以石(shi)庫門(men)相(xiang)通;均面(mian)闊五(wu)間(jian)(jian)(jian),以東西(xi)兩廂貫通前后,組成(cheng)一四合院(yuan)。樂(le)知堂(tang)西(xi)為春(chun)(chun)在堂(tang),面(mian)闊三間(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深(shen)四界(jie)。堂(tang)前綴湖石(shi),植梧桐,為俞樾當(dang)年以文會友和(he)講學之處。春(chun)(chun)在堂(tang)北突出一歇山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂小(xiao)(xiao)軒(xuan),名(ming)“認春(chun)(chun)軒(xuan)”。軒(xuan)北雜植花木(mu),疊(die)湖石(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為屏,中有(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)洞蜿蜒。穿山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)洞右折(zhe),東北隅為面(mian)闊兩間(jian)(jian)(jian)的“艮(gen)宧”,乃(nai)昔(xi)日琴室。循廊西(xi)行(xing)(xing),有(you)書(shu)房(fang)三間(jian)(jian)(jian),名(ming)“達齋”。出“達齋”沿廊南行(xing)(xing),有(you)一小(xiao)(xiao)亭,三面(mian)環(huan)水(shui),池(chi)名(ming)“曲(qu)(qu)池(chi)”,亭名(ming)“曲(qu)(qu)水(shui)”。池(chi)東假(jia)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上有(you)“回峰閣”與亭相(xiang)對(dui),假(jia)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中原有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)門(men)與內(nei)宅(zhai)相(xiang)通。亭南曲(qu)(qu)廊通春(chun)(chun)在堂(tang)。小(xiao)(xiao)園面(mian)積僅(jin)200平(ping)方米,但掇山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)開(kai)池(chi),建廊置亭,結構布局(ju)(ju)曲(qu)(qu)折(zhe)多變,頗(po)有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)中見大之奇。
南(nan)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)"小(xiao)竹里(li)館",為(wei)(wei)當年俞樾讀書之處,館南(nan)小(xiao)院載竹。春在堂北突(tu)出一歇山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)小(xiao)軒(xuan)(xuan),名"認春軒(xuan)(xuan)"。軒(xuan)(xuan)北雜植花(hua)木,疊湖石小(xiao)山(shan)(shan)為(wei)(wei)屏,中有(you)(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)洞蜿(wan)蜒。穿(chuan)山(shan)(shan)洞有(you)(you)(you)折,東北隅(yu)為(wei)(wei)面(mian)(mian)闊兩間的"艮宦(huan)",乃昔日琴室。循廊(lang)(lang)西行,有(you)(you)(you)書房三(san)間,名"達齋"。出達齋沿(yan)廊(lang)(lang)南(nan)行,有(you)(you)(you)一小(xiao)亭,三(san)面(mian)(mian)環(huan)水,池名"曲(qu)池",亭名"曲(qu)水"。池東假(jia)山(shan)(shan)上有(you)(you)(you)"回(hui)峰閣"與亭相對,假(jia)山(shan)(shan)中原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)門與內宅相通(tong)(tong)。亭南(nan)曲(qu)廊(lang)(lang)通(tong)(tong)春在堂。小(xiao)園面(mian)(mian)積僅200平方米,建廊(lang)(lang)置亭,結(jie)構布局曲(qu)折多變,頗(po)有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)中見(jian)大(da)之奇。
俞樾簡介
(1821-1906 )字蔭甫(fu),自號曲園居士(shi),浙江德(de)清人。清道光三十年(nian)(nian)(1850年(nian)(nian))進士(shi),曾任翰林(lin)院編修。后受(shou)咸(xian)豐皇帝賞識,放任河南(nan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)政,被御史曹登庸劾奏"試(shi)題割裂(lie)經義",因而罷官。遂移居蘇(su)州(zhou)(zhou),潛心(xin)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術達(da)40余(yu)載,曾先(xian)后主講(jiang)蘇(su)州(zhou)(zhou)紫陽書院、杭州(zhou)(zhou)詁(gu)經精舍、德(de)清清溪書院、菱湖龍湖書院、上海(hai)求志書院等(deng)。治學(xue)(xue)(xue)以經學(xue)(xue)(xue)為(wei)主,旁及(ji)諸子學(xue)(xue)(xue)、史學(xue)(xue)(xue)、訓詁(gu)學(xue)(xue)(xue),乃至戲曲、詩詞、小說、書法(fa)等(deng),可(ke)謂博(bo)大(da)精深。海(hai)內及(ji)日本、朝鮮(xian)等(deng)國向他求學(xue)(xue)(xue)者甚眾,尊(zun)之為(wei)樸學(xue)(xue)(xue)大(da)師。俞(yu)樾(yue)平生勤奮(fen)治學(xue)(xue)(xue),著作極豐,有《春在堂(tang)前(qian)書》,近五百(bai)卷(juan)。
歷史沿革
1954年(nian)(nian),俞(yu)樾曾孫著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)學者俞(yu)平伯(bo)先(xian)生將曾祖故(gu)居捐獻歸公。1957年(nian)(nian)整(zheng)修(xiu)(xiu)樂直堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、春(chun)在堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、小竹里館等(deng)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)及小園(yuan)(yuan)。故(gu)居先(xian)后由(you)(you)市(shi)文(wen)聯、戲曲研究(jiu)所(suo)、評彈團、科學之家等(deng)單(dan)位使用。十(shi)年(nian)(nian)動(dong)亂(luan)中(zhong)(zhong),廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)損(sun)壞嚴重,園(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)假(jia)山(shan)、亭(ting)閣、曲廊(lang)、水池(chi)及花木被毀嚴重,并(bing)于其間建三層居民(min)(min)住宅樓一(yi)棟(dong)。1980年(nian)(nian)俞(yu)平伯(bo)、顧頡(jie)剛、葉圣陶等(deng)知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)人士聯名(ming)(ming)(ming)呼(hu)吁修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu)。1982年(nian)(nian)由(you)(you)市(shi)園(yuan)(yuan)林局實施對故(gu)居廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)建筑(zhu)的(de)維修(xiu)(xiu),至1983年(nian)(nian)完成了樂知(zhi)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)、春(chun)在堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)等(deng)主要廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)的(de)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu)工作。1986年(nian)(nian)由(you)(you)市(shi)區文(wen)物保護管理(li)所(suo)按名(ming)(ming)(ming)人故(gu)居進行(xing)陳設布置,并(bing)于當年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)開放(fang),供人參觀(guan)。1989年(nian)(nian)又動(dong)遷居民(min)(min)20余戶,拆除園(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)三層住宅樓,修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)(fu)門廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)、轎廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)和(he)園(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)、廊(lang)、齋、閣等(deng)建筑(zhu)及曲池(chi)。1990年(nian)(nian)繼續恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)假(jia)山(shan),補栽花木。目(mu)前(qian)俞(yu)樾故(gu)居的(de)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)及小園(yuan)(yuan)已全面開放(fang),供人參觀(guan)。所(suo)余兩進內(nei)宅上房及東側(ce)配房,仍為(wei)居民(min)(min)使用,將列入(ru)下一(yi)步整(zheng)修(xiu)(xiu)規劃(hua)。