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1985年2—4月進(jin)行搶救性發(fa)掘，1986年3—4月進(jin)行第二次(ci)發(fa)掘。兩次(ci)發(fa)掘共(gong)揭露面積550平(ping)方米(mi)，清(qing)理出(chu)新(xin)石(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)代早(zao)期(qi)墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)62座，岳石(shi)文(wen)化和西(xi)周時(shi)期(qi)灰(hui)坑各(ge)1個(ge)，漢代墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)10座。文(wen)化層厚約1米(mi)，地(di)層堆(dui)積清(qing)晰。新(xin)石(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)代早(zao)期(qi)文(wen)化石(shi)棺墓(mu)(mu)61座，全部采(cai)用大伊山(shan)上自(zi)然石(shi)板鑲砌而成。共(gong)出(chu)土陶器(qi)(qi)(qi)、石(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、骨器(qi)(qi)(qi)、玉器(qi)(qi)(qi)等文(wen)物(wu)170余件。石(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)均磨(mo)制，少數留有打制痕跡，器(qi)(qi)(qi)形(xing)有斧、錛(ben)、鏟(chan)、鑿、杵、研磨(mo)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等；骨器(qi)(qi)(qi)有針、錐(zhui)；玉器(qi)(qi)(qi)有璜(huang)、塊(kuai)、耳墜(zhui)等；陶器(qi)(qi)(qi)以夾砂紅褐(he)陶、泥(ni)質紅陶為(wei)(wei)主，均為(wei)(wei)手(shou)制。常見器(qi)(qi)(qi)有釜、鼎、缽、盆、壺、瓶、支座、銼等。紋飾主要有附加堆(dui)紋、窄堆(dui)紋、乳丁紋、刻(ke)劃(hua)紋。墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)中隨(sui)葬(zang)陶器(qi)(qi)(qi)以釜、缽、罐或(huo)鼎、缽、盆為(wei)(wei)基本組(zu)合，鼎釜多帶(dai)腰沿，缽多為(wei)(wei)平(ping)底，部分為(wei)(wei)蓋(gai)在(zai)死者(zhe)頭(tou)部的(de)“紅頂(ding)缽”，其中6件底部有刻(ke)劃(hua)符號(hao)。

相關資料

大(da)伊山(shan)石棺墓晚于(yu)北辛(xin)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，早于(yu)大(da)汶口文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)；由于(yu)它處(chu)于(yu)南北文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)交匯區，因(yin)而既具有(you)黃(huang)河下游(you)新石器文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)特征(zheng)，又具有(you)長江下游(you)新石器文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的特點，同時(shi)還具有(you)獨(du)特的自身(shen)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)因(yin)素(su)，屬(shu)青(qing)蓮(lian)崗文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)類(lei)型。1995年(nian)4月(yue)公(gong)布為江蘇省(sheng)第四(si)批(pi)文(wen)(wen)物保(bao)護單(dan)位(wei)，1996年(nian)11月(yue)公(gong)布為第四(si)批(pi)全(quan)國重點文(wen)(wen)物保(bao)護單(dan)位(wei)。

石棺墓

石(shi)(shi)(shi)棺墓(mu)全部(bu)采用大伊山(shan)上自然石(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)鑲砌而成。其中(zhong)出土陶(tao)器(qi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)、骨器(qi)、玉器(qi)等文(wen)(wen)(wen)物170余件。大伊山(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)棺墓(mu)中(zhong)還(huan)有(you)(you)兩大發(fa)現引人注(zhu)目，一(yi)是在61座墓(mu)葬中(zhong)，有(you)(you)27座發(fa)現用主要食(shi)器(qi)的(de)陶(tao)缽覆(fu)蓋在死(si)者頭部(bu)，缽底(di)部(bu)敲打出一(yi)個(ge)小洞。二是六件陶(tao)缽的(de)底(di)部(bu)發(fa)現有(you)(you)刻劃符號。有(you)(you)專(zhuan)家說，這些刻劃符號是中(zhong)國(guo)發(fa)現最早(zao)(zao)的(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)字萌芽。原(yuan)國(guo)家文(wen)(wen)(wen)物局(ju)副局(ju)長(chang)(chang)、國(guo)家文(wen)(wen)(wen)物局(ju)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物專(zhuan)家組(zu)組(zu)長(chang)(chang)黃景略，原(yuan)故宮博(bo)物館院長(chang)(chang)、著(zhu)名考古學家張忠培，山(shan)東省文(wen)(wen)(wen)物考古研究(jiu)(jiu)所(suo)研究(jiu)(jiu)員鄭笑梅等考察后認為(wei)，大伊山(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)棺墓(mu)晚于北辛文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)，早(zao)(zao)于大汶口(kou)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)，距今6500年，是中(zhong)國(guo)最早(zao)(zao)的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)棺墓(mu)；由(you)于它處(chu)于南北文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)交匯區，因(yin)而既(ji)具(ju)有(you)(you)黃河下游新(xin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)特征，又(you)具(ju)有(you)(you)長(chang)(chang)江下游新(xin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)特點(dian)，同時(shi)還(huan)具(ju)有(you)(you)獨特的(de)自身文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)因(yin)素，屬青(qing)蓮(lian)崗文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)類型，1996年11月，大伊山(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)棺墓(mu)公(gong)布為(wei)第四批全國(guo)重點(dian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物保(bao)護單位。

位于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)連云港市灌云縣(xian)伊(yi)(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)鄉任(ren)莊村大(da)(da)(da)伊(yi)(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)麓，遺址(zhi)東(dong)西長70米(mi)(mi)、南(nan)北寬50米(mi)(mi)，總(zong)面積約3000多(duo)平方米(mi)(mi)，距(ju)今6500年(nian)，是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國迄(qi)今發(fa)現最早的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)。經1985年(nian)、1986年(nian)兩次發(fa)掘，清理新石(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)時代(dai)早期文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化石(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)61座(zuo)。岳石(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化和西周(zhou)時期灰(hui)坑各一(yi)處(chu)、漢(han)代(dai)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)葬10座(zuo)。石(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)全部(bu)(bu)采用(yong)大(da)(da)(da)伊(yi)(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)上自然石(shi)(shi)板鑲砌(qi)而成。其0土陶(tao)器(qi)(qi)、石(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)、骨器(qi)(qi)、玉器(qi)(qi)等文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物170余件。大(da)(da)(da)伊(yi)(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)還(huan)有兩大(da)(da)(da)發(fa)現引人注目，一(yi)是(shi)在61座(zuo)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)葬中(zhong)(zhong)，有27座(zuo)發(fa)現用(yong)主要(yao)食器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)陶(tao)缽覆蓋在死者頭部(bu)(bu)，缽底(di)部(bu)(bu)敲(qiao)打出一(yi)個小洞。二是(shi)六件陶(tao)缽的(de)(de)底(di)部(bu)(bu)發(fa)現有刻劃(hua)符號(hao)(hao)。有專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)說，這些刻劃(hua)符號(hao)(hao)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國發(fa)現最早的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字萌芽。原國家(jia)(jia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物局(ju)副局(ju)長、國家(jia)(jia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物局(ju)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)組(zu)組(zu)長黃(huang)景略，原故(gu)宮博物館院(yuan)長、著名考古學家(jia)(jia)張忠培，山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物考古研究所(suo)研究員鄭(zheng)笑梅(mei)等考察后認為，大(da)(da)(da)伊(yi)(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)晚(wan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)北辛文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化，早于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)汶口文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化，距(ju)今6500年(nian)，是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國最早的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)；由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)它處(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)南(nan)北文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化交匯(hui)區，因而既具有黃(huang)河(he)下游新石(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化特征，又具有長江下游新石(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化特點，同(tong)時還(huan)具有獨特的(de)(de)自身文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化因素(su)，屬青蓮(lian)崗文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化類(lei)型，1996年(nian)11月，大(da)(da)(da)伊(yi)(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)公布為第四批全國重點文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物保護(hu)單位。