遺址概況
府城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)(wei)于河(he)南(nan)省焦(jiao)作市西(xi)(xi)南(nan)郊(jiao)10公里處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)府城(cheng)(cheng)村西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)臺地(di)(di)上,東(dong)西(xi)(xi)走向長約(yue)280米(mi)(mi),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)走向長約(yue)300米(mi)(mi),面(mian)積近(jin)10萬平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。是一(yi)處(chu)底(di)蘊豐(feng)厚(hou)、內涵豐(feng)富、集(ji)多個歷史時(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 該(gai)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)是早商(shang)文(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)存,分(fen)布于遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)部(bu)(bu),目前(qian)已經(jing)(jing)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)跡有城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、宮殿(dian)(dian)基(ji)(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、房基(ji)(ji)、灰坑等(deng)。城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平面(mian)成方(fang)形,周(zhou)(zhou)長約(yue)1200米(mi)(mi),西(xi)(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)墻和北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)墻保(bao)(bao)存較好,長度(du)約(yue)為(wei)(wei)300米(mi)(mi),地(di)(di)面(mian)暴露的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)高為(wei)(wei)2-3米(mi)(mi),分(fen)層明顯。在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)4處(chu)宮殿(dian)(dian)基(ji)(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),其中(zhong)一(yi)號宮殿(dian)(dian)基(ji)(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)(wei)于城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu),平面(mian)為(wei)(wei)長方(fang)形,南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)長70米(mi)(mi),東(dong)西(xi)(xi)寬50米(mi)(mi),分(fen)為(wei)(wei)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)兩個院落,由南(nan)殿(dian)(dian)、正殿(dian)(dian)、北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)殿(dian)(dian)與東(dong)回(hui)廊(lang)、西(xi)(xi)回(hui)廊(lang)構成一(yi)個封閉性的(de)(de)(de)(de)組群(qun)建(jian)筑,這種(zhong)建(jian)筑結(jie)構在(zai)商(shang)代(dai)考(kao)古中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)。經(jing)(jing)考(kao)證,府城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是一(yi)處(chu)商(shang)代(dai)早期軍事重鎮。府城(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)代(dai)早期城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是河(he)南(nan)繼鄭(zheng)州(zhou)商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)和偃(yan)師商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)之后(hou)又一(yi)重要(yao)發(fa)(fa)現(xian),對研究夏商(shang)周(zhou)(zhou)斷(duan)代(dai)以及夏商(shang)周(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)、經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)、軍事、文(wen)化(hua)等(deng)具有重要(yao)價值。1999年被《中(zhong)國(guo)文(wen)物報》評為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)十大考(kao)古新發(fa)(fa)現(xian)之一(yi)。2001年6月,府城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被國(guo)務院公布為(wei)(wei)第(di)五批全國(guo)重點文(wen)物保(bao)(bao)護單位(wei)(wei)。
遺址保護
府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)應在(zai)如下幾(ji)個方面抓緊進(jin)行:(1)成立(li)由(you)市政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)主要領(ling)導牽(qian)頭,建(jian)(jian)設、規劃、文化(文物(wu))、公(gong)安、土地(di)、環保(bao)、工(gong)商、交(jiao)通(tong)、水利(li)、旅(lv)游(you)、園林以(yi)(yi)及(ji)當地(di)區(qu)、鄉政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)、所在(zai)村(cun)等部門主要領(ling)導參加(jia)的(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)規劃、保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)利(li)用領(ling)導小組(zu),協(xie)調解(jie)(jie)決(jue)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)中(zhong)的(de)(de)重(zhong)大(da)問(wen)題。(2)設立(li)焦作(zuo)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)文物(wu)保(bao)管(guan)(guan)所,具(ju)體負(fu)責(ze)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)、維修、綠化、宣傳等項工(gong)作(zuo),防止(zhi)新(xin)的(de)(de)破壞事件發(fa)生。(3)按照省政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)1989年12月公(gong)布(bu)的(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei),立(li)即在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)重(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)、一般保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)重(zhong)新(xin)樹(shu)立(li)標志牌和(he)埋設界(jie)樁。(4)責(ze)成遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)所在(zai)地(di)朱(zhu)村(cun)鄉政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)和(he)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)、啟(qi)心(xin)村(cun)委領(ling)導充實基層保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)組(zu)織,并采取有力措施,嚴(yan)禁(jin)農民(min)(min)在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)墻上及(ji)兩側(ce)種田、開荒、取土、挖沙,嚴(yan)禁(jin)在(zai)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)內建(jian)(jian)筑、筑墳、打井、深翻土地(di)。文物(wu)主管(guan)(guan)部門負(fu)責(ze)對(dui)此情況(kuang)進(jin)行檢(jian)查(cha)和(he)指(zhi)導,及(ji)時解(jie)(jie)決(jue)問(wen)題。(5)對(dui)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)內外進(jin)行考古鉆(zhan)探,搞清宗廟、街道、作(zuo)坊、墓地(di)等總(zong)體布(bu)局。(6)制(zhi)定《焦作(zuo)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)早商城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)辦法(fa)》并由(you)焦作(zuo)市人民(min)(min)政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)加(jia)以(yi)(yi)公(gong)布(bu)實施,使(shi)該遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)法(fa)制(zhi)化。