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簡介

蔚(yu)州靈巖寺,全國重點文物(wu)保(bao)護單(dan)位，明代寺廟(miao)古(gu)建筑。位于河北省蔚(yu)縣，是蔚(yu)州古(gu)寺名剎之一。寺院占(zhan)地面積6682平方米(mi)。現存寺廟(miao)建筑殿宇(yu)有天(tian)王殿、大雄寶殿、東西配殿以(yi)及禪(chan)房僧舍數十(shi)間。

格局

靈巖寺位于蔚(yu)縣城鼓樓(lou)西街，座北朝南，占地面積6682平方米。原寺院(yuan)布局從(cong)南至(zhi)北依次為(wei)(wei)：牌樓(lou)、山門、天王殿(dian)、大雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)、藏經(jing)閣(ge)分布在(zai)一條軸線上。東西為(wei)(wei)鐘、鼓樓(lou)、配殿(dian)、禪房等。現存(cun)建筑有天王殿(dian)、大雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)。東、西配殿(dian)及禪房僧(seng)舍數十間(jian)。規模宏大、氣(qi)勢不凡。

天(tian)王殿為(wei)單擔歇山布(bu)瓦頂，面(mian)三進三，平面(mian)呈(cheng)方形(xing)(xing)，殿內無金柱，七檁六架(jia)，欄額(e)與普柏枋呈(cheng)“丁(ding)”字形(xing)(xing)，斗(dou)(dou)栱(gong)(gong)為(wei)重昂五踩斗(dou)(dou)栱(gong)(gong)，轉角為(wei)鴛鴦交首栱(gong)(gong)，斗(dou)(dou)栱(gong)(gong)之上(shang)未用螞蚱頭(tou)，皆(jie)用齊心斗(dou)(dou)。梁架(jia)上(shang)為(wei)“雅伍(wu)墨(mo)”彩繪，栱(gong)(gong)眼壁(bi)內皆(jie)繪水墨(mo)蟠龍。

大雄寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)單檐廡殿(dian)(dian)(dian)布瓦(wa)(wa)頂，面五(wu)進四，五(wu)架(jia)梁前后均出前步廊，檐下四周置(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)踩斗(dou)栱。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)置(zhi)(zhi)精美天(tian)(tian)花(hua)(hua)和(he)斗(dou)八(ba)、斗(dou)四藻井(jing)。天(tian)(tian)花(hua)(hua)上彩(cai)繪(hui)“佛教(jiao)八(ba)寶(bao)”、“飛鶴”、“花(hua)(hua)卉”圖(tu)案。藻井(jing)三(san)座(zuo)，頂內(nei)繪(hui)彩(cai)龍(long)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)栱眼壁內(nei)繪(hui)水墨蟠龍(long)，形(xing)態各異、栩(xu)栩(xu)如生。前檐下置(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)抹落地隔扇，為(wei)三(san)交六(liu)碗菱花(hua)(hua)心。配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)于天(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)大雄寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)之間，單檐懸山布瓦(wa)(wa)頂，面三(san)進三(san)，五(wu)架(jia)梁。禪房十余間。

史料記載

據《大(da)同府志》記(ji)載：“蔚(yu)州(zhou)靈(ling)巖寺(si)元(yuan)(yuan)末毀(hui)，國朝(chao)正(zheng)統六年(nian)敕(chi)賜重建(jian)”。經有(you)關專(zhuan)家研究，靈(ling)巖寺(si)現存的天王殿(dian)(dian)為元(yuan)(yuan)末、明(ming)初的建(jian)筑。大(da)雄寶殿(dian)(dian)為廡殿(dian)(dian)頂、梁架結構、彩繪藻井具有(you)明(ming)代典型的官式(shi)做法，應(ying)為大(da)明(ming)正(zheng)統六年(nian)英宗(zong)皇(huang)帝敕(chi)賜重建(jian)之(zhi)物。而且(qie)是大(da)明(ming)正(zheng)統年(nian)間(jian)蔚(yu)州(zhou)籍司禮監王振奏請(qing)英宗(zong)皇(huang)帝敕(chi)建(jian)的。真可謂藻井華麗、彩繪精細、殿(dian)(dian)宇(yu)輝宏(hong)、氣勢(shi)雄偉。不(bu)愧為蔚(yu)州(zhou)名剎古寺(si)之(zhi)一。