1987年初(chu),公安機關破獲交樂鄉龍樹腳漢(han)墓(mu)被(bei)(bei)盜案,文物管(guan)理(li)部門(men)對10號、14號等4座墓(mu)進(jin)行清(qing)理(li)發掘,發現此墓(mu)為(wei)夫婦葬墓(mu),被(bei)(bei)-的為(wei)男室,女室完好,發掘出文物45種近百件。其中(zhong)14號多室墓(mu),是目前貴(gui)州所發掘的漢(han)墓(mu)中(zhong)最大的一(yi)座。被(bei)(bei)有關人士稱之為(wei)“全國少見,貴(gui)州僅有的漢(han)墓(mu)葬”。
貴州(zhou)省博物(wu)館(guan)對其中(zhong)5座墓(mu)(mu)進行發掘,為(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)、石(shi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)及磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和石(shi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)冢(zhong)三類。2號(hao)墓(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“大(da)”字形(xing)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu),分甬道(dao)、正室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、左耳(er)(er)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、右耳(er)(er)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。1、4號(hao)為(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“凸”字形(xing)墓(mu)(mu)。3號(hao)墓(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)方(fang)框(kuang)形(xing)石(shi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu),5號(hao)墓(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)石(shi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)冢(zhong)。被盜的5座墓(mu)(mu),發掘出土文物(wu)有:銅盤、銅碗、銅帶(dai)釣魚臺、環首銅刀、殘銅刀、銅雞及搖錢樹座等(deng)。另還(huan)有五銖錢、貨泉、添盤、銀(yin)器、琥(hu)珀、獅飾、燒料(liao)耳(er)(er)當、小骨(gu)銅串(chuan)珠、玉牌等(deng)。墓(mu)(mu)葬大(da)約在東漢(han)和帝(di)(89-105)前后,晚(wan)至桓帝(di)(147-167)、靈帝(di)(168-189)時期。
在10號墓(mu)出土(tu)(tu)“巨(ju)王千(qian)萬(wan)印”一(yi)枚,在第二批發(fa)掘的(de)墓(mu)中,在位于(yu)交(jiao)樂村西(xi)南(nan)約1公(gong)里處,有直徑約20米的(de)封土(tu)(tu)堆(dui),墓(mu)室(shi)坐西(xi)向東,南(nan)北(bei)軸線長12.8米,東西(xi)軸線長8.75米,分南(nan)北(bei)兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)墓(mu)室(shi),每(mei)室(shi)由(you)墓(mu)道、室(shi)、耳(er)室(shi)及兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)后室(shi)組成,并列對稱,除前室(shi)為(wei)(wei)穹隆(long)頂外,余均為(wei)(wei)巷,磚(zhuan)室(shi)結構,地面以磚(zhuan)石鋪成人(ren)字形花紋,磚(zhuan)紋為(wei)(wei)棱形紋。墓(mu)穴發(fa)現盜洞(dong),室(shi)內(nei)原(yuan)陪葬器(qi)物基(ji)本盜空,在北(bei)室(shi)道內(nei)發(fa)現殘損(sun)銅車(che)馬一(yi)具,前室(shi)出土(tu)(tu)青銅陶器(qi)若干件,耳(er)室(shi)內(nei)發(fa)現“巴(ba)郡守丞”鎏金銅印一(yi)枚。
此(ci)次(ci)發掘,歷時一(yi)月(yue),共(gong)清理東漢中晚期(qi)墓(mu)12座(zuo)。時至今(jin)日,交樂漢墓(mu)群出土的主(zhu)要文物(wu)有:銅車馬、連(lian)枝燈、撫琴俑、巴郡守(shou)丞印、巨王千(qian)萬(wan)印、帶蓋刻(ke)花銅奩、銅俑、五(wu)銖錢(qian)紋(wen)銅碗、搖錢(qian)樹、刻(ke)花銅瓶、銅甑、陶(tao)灶(zao)、水(shui)池(chi)田園模型(xing)、陶(tao)搖錢(qian)樹座(zuo)等。
交(jiao)樂漢(han)墓(mu)0土的(de)文(wen)物具(ju)有較高的(de)研究(jiu)價值。2006年交(jiao)樂墓(mu)群作為漢(han)代(dai)的(de)古墓(mu)葬,被(bei)國務院列入第六批全國重點(dian)文(wen)物保護單(dan)位。