長安城(cheng)(cheng)的范圍包(bao)括現今西(xi)安市的城(cheng)(cheng)區和近郊。唐末兵亂,它被毀壞得很(hen)厲害,終于(yu)(yu)成為廢墟。解放(fang)以前,曾(ceng)有不(bu)少學者試圖(tu)發(fa)掘這(zhe)座唐城(cheng)(cheng)的遺址,因苦于(yu)(yu)條件限制,沒有成功。
1957年(nian),中國(guo)科學院考古研(yan)究所組織專門(men)(men)的唐城發掘(jue)隊(dui),開始了(le)規模較大的發掘(jue)工作(zuo)。經(jing)過四年(nian)多的辛勤勞動,遺(yi)址的概貌已經(jing)顯露出來。從已經(jing)發掘(jue)的城市(shi)布局、宮殿、街道、坊里的遺(yi)跡(ji),可以想見當時這座城市(shi)中千門(men)(men)萬(wan)戶(hu)、車水馬龍(long)的盛況。
2011年,考古人(ren)員在配合(he)基本建(jian)設時發現(xian)了(le)大面積的(de)唐(tang)代陶(tao)(tao)窯群遺址,其中(zhong)有(you)兩組陶(tao)(tao)窯保存(cun)完整,已在有(you)關部門的(de)協調下(xia)進行回填保護。
2010年底(di),陜西省考(kao)古研究(jiu)院對西安未央區(qu)大白楊西村(cun)西區(qu)基建(jian)范圍(wei)進行(xing)了1000平方米的考(kao)古發掘。
2010年底,陜西(xi)省考古研究院共清(qing)理(li)陶窯(yao)22座(zuo)(zuo),其中(zhong)清(qing)理(li)唐代陶窯(yao)17座(zuo)(zuo)和水井3座(zuo)(zuo),以及一些不(bu)同(tong)時代的墓葬等(deng)遺跡。
2015年11月,陜西文物(wu)部(bu)門考古(gu)人員在唐代(dai)長安(an)城東市遺(yi)(yi)址發(fa)掘(jue)中(zhong),發(fa)現(xian)450件唐代(dai)遺(yi)(yi)物(wu)及一批重要商業(ye)遺(yi)(yi)跡(ji)。 據介(jie)紹(shao),此次發(fa)掘(jue)位(wei)置在東市遺(yi)(yi)址中(zhong)部(bu)偏東處(chu)(chu)。目前,500平(ping)方米探方累計出土磚(zhuan)瓦、陶(tao)器、玉器、銅器、玻(bo)璃器、寶石戒面、開元通(tong)寶以及有“家(jia)酒店”字樣的瓷壺底片等(deng)唐代(dai)遺(yi)(yi)物(wu)450件。現(xian)場發(fa)掘(jue)過程中(zhong),發(fa)現(xian)3條(tiao)唐代(dai)道路遺(yi)(yi)跡(ji)、3條(tiao)水溝遺(yi)(yi)跡(ji),店肆后作坊遺(yi)(yi)跡(ji)1片、水井(jing)4口(kou)(kou)、窖井(jing)2口(kou)(kou)、滲井(jing)11口(kou)(kou)、灰坑12個、活土坑3處(chu)(chu)以及臥泥池、陶(tao)甕坑各1處(chu)(chu)。
東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)長(chang)9721米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)寬(kuan)8651.7米(mi),周長(chang)36.7公里,是(shi)當時世界上(shang)較大(da)的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)15個(ge)(ge),東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)墻(qiang)(qiang)由北(bei)(bei)(bei)向(xiang)南(nan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)通化(hua)(hua)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、春明(ming)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、延興門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),南(nan)墻(qiang)(qiang)由東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)啟(qi)夏門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、明(ming)德(de)(de)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、安(an)(an)化(hua)(hua)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),西(xi)(xi)墻(qiang)(qiang)自北(bei)(bei)(bei)向(xiang)南(nan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)開(kai)遠(yuan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、金光門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)和(he)(he)延平門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),北(bei)(bei)(bei)墻(qiang)(qiang)中段(duan)即宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)(bei)(bei)墻(qiang)(qiang),宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)丹鳳門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以西(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)芳林門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(隋(sui)稱(cheng)華林門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men))、景(jing)(jing)耀門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)和(he)(he)光化(hua)(hua)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),玄武(wu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)和(he)(he)安(an)(an)禮門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)與宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)共用。地面城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)遺址僅玄武(wu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)附近和(he)(he)安(an)(an)化(hua)(hua)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)處各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)小段(duan)。地下(xia)墻(qiang)(qiang)基(ji)保存(cun)基(ji)本完(wan)好,寬(kuan)9~10米(mi),個(ge)(ge)別地方達20米(mi)。明(ming)德(de)(de)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)是(shi)長(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)正南(nan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),位于長(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)中軸(zhou)線,朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)雀(que)(que)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)南(nan)端,規模宏大(da),是(shi)長(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)的(de)(de)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)。門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)址東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)長(chang)52.5米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)進深(shen)(shen)16.5米(mi),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)5個(ge)(ge)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)(dao)(dao),每(mei)個(ge)(ge)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)(dao)(dao)均寬(kuan)6.5米(mi)。門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)(dao)(dao)間的(de)(de)隔墻(qiang)(qiang)厚2.9米(mi),門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)(dao)(dao)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側(ce)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)排(pai)柱柱坑,每(mei)排(pai)15個(ge)(ge),東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)對稱(cheng),各(ge)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)(dao)(dao)中部原都(dou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)檻(jian),用青(qing)石(shi)制成(cheng),現僅存(cun)留部分(fen)殘(can)(can)件。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)(dao)(dao)石(shi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)檻(jian)寬(kuan)0.4米(mi),厚0.26米(mi),殘(can)(can)長(chang)3.7米(mi),門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)檻(jian)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)車轍的(de)(de)溝槽四條(tiao)(tiao)在正中門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。殘(can)(can)留的(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)檻(jian)較其他制作更為(wei)(wei)(wei)精致,上(shang)面雕刻(ke)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)流暢的(de)(de)卷草(cao)花紋及(ji)浮雕臥獸,具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)較高的(de)(de)藝術價(jia)值。外(wai)郭(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)向(xiang)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)11條(tiao)(tiao),東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)向(xiang)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)14條(tiao)(tiao),街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)道(dao)(dao)(dao)十(shi)分(fen)寬(kuan)闊(kuo),其中明(ming)德(de)(de)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)內朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)雀(que)(que)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)寬(kuan)達150~155米(mi)。兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側(ce)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)寬(kuan)3.3米(mi)、深(shen)(shen)約2米(mi)的(de)(de)水溝。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)把郭(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)110坊(fang)(fang),朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)雀(que)(que)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)55坊(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)萬年縣(xian)(xian),朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)雀(que)(que)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以西(xi)(xi)55坊(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)安(an)(an)縣(xian)(xian)。朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)雀(que)(que)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側(ce)4列坊(fang)(fang)面積最小,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)和(he)(he)一(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)橫街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側(ce)的(de)(de)6列坊(fang)(fang)最大(da),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)四門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)和(he)(he)十(shi)字(zi)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)將全坊(fang)(fang)劃(hua)為(wei)(wei)(wei)4個(ge)(ge)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)區(qu),又有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)小巷(xiang)將全坊(fang)(fang)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)16個(ge)(ge)小區(qu)。坊(fang)(fang)內是(shi)居(ju)民住(zhu)宅、王公宅第和(he)(he)寺(si)觀,史籍記載佛寺(si)100多處,道(dao)(dao)(dao)觀30多座,波斯寺(si)二,景(jing)(jing)教寺(si)五(wu) 。著名的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)慈(ci)恩寺(si)大(da)雁塔(ta)、薦福寺(si)小雁塔(ta)。還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)興善寺(si)、青(qing)龍寺(si)等(deng)。坊(fang)(fang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)坊(fang)(fang)墻(qiang)(qiang),坊(fang)(fang)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)早啟(qi)晚(wan)閉,設專人防守。在皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)和(he)(he)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)的(de)(de)外(wai)郭(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內設有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)市(shi),隋(sui)代將東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)市(shi)稱(cheng)都(dou)會市(shi),西(xi)(xi)市(shi)稱(cheng)利人市(shi),兩(liang)(liang)(liang)市(shi)面積各(ge)占(zhan)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)坊(fang)(fang)之地。市(shi)內有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)條(tiao)(tiao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),構(gou)成(cheng)"井"字(zi)形街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)道(dao)(dao)(dao),市(shi)周圍(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)夯土(tu)圍(wei)墻(qiang)(qiang),四面各(ge)開(kai)二門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)。市(shi)內9個(ge)(ge)區(qu),每(mei)區(qu)四面臨街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)店鋪是(shi)長(chang)安(an)(an)手工(gong)業和(he)(he)商業的(de)(de)集中區(qu)域。
唐代外郭(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)西南角(jiao)當時是(shi)否(fou)有(you)類似明清(qing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)所筑的(de)角(jiao)樓(lou)?發(fa)掘(jue)(jue)結果顯示這里沒(mei)有(you)筑角(jiao)樓(lou)的(de)跡(ji)象(xiang)。考古(gu)隊何歲(sui)利(li)分(fen)析說,如(ru)果有(you)角(jiao)樓(lou),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角(jiao)的(de)基(ji)址就(jiu)應(ying)(ying)該(gai)寬于(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)基(ji)址,應(ying)(ying)形成(cheng)一處(chu)較(jiao)大的(de)墩(dun)臺基(ji)址,但(dan)發(fa)掘(jue)(jue)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角(jiao)轉彎(wan)基(ji)址寬度(du)與(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)基(ji)址均為(wei)5.5米,應(ying)(ying)不存在構筑角(jiao)樓(lou)的(de)基(ji)礎。
是供皇帝(di)、皇室(shi)居(ju)住和處(chu)理朝(chao)政(zheng)的(de)地(di)方,包(bao)括太極宮(gong)(gong)、東宮(gong)(gong)和掖庭宮(gong)(gong),南(nan)北(bei)長(chang)1492.1米(mi)(mi),東西寬(kuan)2820.3米(mi)(mi),周長(chang)8.6公里(li),位于長(chang)安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)部(bu)中央。在今西安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)"西五臺"有(you)宮(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)墻的(de)遺(yi)(yi)跡(ji),在自強(qiang)西路北(bei)側有(you)一段北(bei)墻遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻均(jun)為夯土(tu)版筑,基部(bu)一般寬(kuan)18米(mi)(mi)左右。宮(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正(zheng)南(nan)門(men)(men)為承天(tian)門(men)(men)(隋(sui)代稱廣(guang)陽門(men)(men)),遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)在今蓮湖公園內(nei),東西殘長(chang)41.7米(mi)(mi),南(nan)北(bei)進深19米(mi)(mi),有(you)三個門(men)(men)道,門(men)(men)基鋪(pu)磚(zhuan)或石板(ban)。宮(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)面二門(men)(men),"玄武門(men)(men)之變"就(jiu)發生(sheng)在宮(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)面的(de)玄武門(men)(men)。
又(you)名"子城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)",位于宮(gong)(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之南(nan)(nan),北(bei)與宮(gong)(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)橫(heng)街相隔。東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)寬2820.3米(mi),南(nan)(nan)北(bei)長(chang)1843.6米(mi),周長(chang)9.2公里。皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)(nei)是(shi)中央官署和太廟(miao)、社稷。朱雀(que)門(men)(men)(men)是(shi)皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)門(men)(men)(men),北(bei)與承天門(men)(men)(men)遙相對應,南(nan)(nan)接朱雀(que)大(da)街,直達外(wai)郭(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)門(men)(men)(men)明(ming)(ming)德門(men)(men)(men),是(shi)全城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中軸線。含光(guang)門(men)(men)(men)是(shi)朱雀(que)門(men)(men)(men)西(xi)(xi)側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)門(men)(men)(men),其(qi)遺(yi)址(zhi)保存比(bi)較完(wan)整,平(ping)面呈長(chang)方(fang)形(xing),東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)長(chang)37.4米(mi),南(nan)(nan)北(bei)寬?19.6?米(mi),門(men)(men)(men)墩是(shi)以(yi)純(chun)凈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)土版筑而成,包砌磚壁(bi),包磚厚0.35米(mi)。門(men)(men)(men)道(dao)兩側(ce) 各有(you)排列整齊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青石柱礎,東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)對稱,呈正(zheng)方(fang)形(xing),72~78厘(li)(li)米(mi)見方(fang),柱礎中間有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直徑約(yue)10厘(li)(li)米(mi)、深10厘(li)(li)米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓形(xing)榫(sun)眼,以(yi)立排柱,證(zheng)明(ming)(ming)當年門(men)(men)(men)樓是(shi)木結構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。含光(guang)門(men)(men)(men)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻斷面上(shang)遺(yi)址(zhi)清晰地保存著(zhu)唐(tang)代(dai)、宋代(dai)、元(yuan)代(dai)及明(ming)(ming)清各代(dai)修補(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夯(hang)層,成為長(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)變化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)歷史見證(zheng)。唐(tang)代(dai)在長(chang)安(an)(an)還建有(you)兩座大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)殿,大(da)明(ming)(ming)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)位于城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)龍(long)首原上(shang),因位于太極(ji)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)之東(dong)(dong)北(bei),稱"東(dong)(dong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)",太極(ji)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)稱"西(xi)(xi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)"。唐(tang)玄宗(zong)時期在春明(ming)(ming)門(men)(men)(men)內(nei)(nei)(nei)建造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)興慶宮(gong)(gong)(gong)在太極(ji)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan),故稱"南(nan)(nan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)"。長(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)著(zhu)完(wan)善的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供水系統,除鑿井外(wai),還有(you)永安(an)(an)、清明(ming)(ming)、龍(long)首三渠(qu)分別引(yin)進氵高水與氵產水,流經城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)(nei),北(bei)入(ru)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)苑。后(hou)又(you)修漕渠(qu),引(yin)黃(huang)渠(qu)注入(ru)曲(qu)江池。長(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑模式是(shi)中國古(gu)代(dai)都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)典范,對日本和亞洲其(qi)他國家及國內(nei)(nei)(nei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)地方(fang)政權的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都(dou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設也產生了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)影響。唐(tang)末(mo)天寶元(yuan)年(904),朱溫挾唐(tang)昭宗(zong)遷(qian)都(dou)洛(luo)陽,命長(chang)安(an)(an)居(ju)民按籍遷(qian)居(ju),毀長(chang)安(an)(an)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)署民居(ju),使隋唐(tang)長(chang)安(an)(an)300年帝都(dou)成為廢(fei)墟。
發掘勘測的結果證(zheng)明:唐代長安城(cheng)(cheng)的周圍(wei)有七十多里(li)(li),比今天的西(xi)安舊城(cheng)(cheng)(即明清(qing)時代的西(xi)安城(cheng)(cheng)址)大五倍以(yi)上(shang)。全城(cheng)(cheng)分三部(bu)分,最外(wai)是外(wai)郭城(cheng)(cheng),中(zhong)間(jian)的北部(bu)是皇城(cheng)(cheng),皇城(cheng)(cheng)北端正中(zhong)是宮城(cheng)(cheng)— —皇帝(di)居住的地方。在外(wai)郭城(cheng)(cheng)垣上(shang)有十二個城(cheng)(cheng)門。許多縱橫的街(jie)道把全城(cheng)(cheng)除宮城(cheng)(cheng)和皇城(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)外(wai)的所(suo)有地區整齊(qi)地劃(hua)分為一百零(ling)八個長方形的坊(fang)里(li)(li)。
隋唐長安城(cheng)是中(zhong)國古(gu)代城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)規劃(hua)設計(ji)的(de)杰作,在中(zhong)國城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)規劃(hua)史乃至(zhi)世(shi)界城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)規劃(hua)史上占有十分重(zhong)要的(de)地位。隋唐長安城(cheng)規劃(hua)手法(fa)(fa)的(de)探討對(dui)于隋唐時期(qi)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)設計(ji)理論與方法(fa)(fa)的(de)研究、隋唐長安城(cheng)遺址的(de)保護(hu)和當代西安城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)規劃(hua)都具有十分重(zhong)要的(de)意義(yi)。