景區簡介
大黑山山城(cheng)(cheng)是遼東(dong)半島的軍事古城(cheng)(cheng)堡之(zhi)(zhi)一。在城(cheng)(cheng)垣西南角的鳳凰口,建(jian)有(you)城(cheng)(cheng)堡一座,居谷為關,故稱關門寨,現(xian)已(yi)坍塌,盡存舊(jiu)址。在古代,卑(bei)沙城(cheng)(cheng)是兵家(jia)必爭之(zhi)(zhi)地。隋(sui)唐時期(qi)曾有(you)二次(ci)大戰于此(ci)。《隋(sui)書·來護(hu)兒傳》和《資治通鑒(jian)》均有(you)記載。
石墻隨山(shan)勢構筑,綿延約五公(gong)里,偉岸奇俊(jun),蔚為(wei)壯觀。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內峽谷(gu)蜿(wan)蜒(yan),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外四周(zhou)懸崖絕壁,安營扎寨于城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong),進可攻,退可守。盡管(guan)現存(cun)的(de)(de)山(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)已部分傾頹,但當年(nian)(nian)壁壘森(sen)嚴的(de)(de)景象依(yi)稀可見。據文獻記(ji)載,西晉以(yi)前,尚(shang)無高(gao)(gao)句(ju)麗(li)(li)侵(qin)入遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)半島(dao)。東(dong)(dong)晉咸康七年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元341年(nian)(nian)),前燕(yan)的(de)(de)慕容(rong)皝(huang)又兵分兩路東(dong)(dong)伐高(gao)(gao)句(ju)麗(li)(li),“燒其宮(gong)室,毀丸都城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”,此期(qi)間,高(gao)(gao)句(ju)麗(li)(li)仍有在大(da)黑(hei)山(shan)筑城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)機會,至(zhi)5世紀初(chu),中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)戰(zhan)亂頻繁(fan),慕容(rong)氏勢力(li)日趨衰(shuai)落(luo),高(gao)(gao)句(ju)麗(li)(li)政權乘隙(xi)而入,向西南擴展。東(dong)(dong)晉義(yi)熙六年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元410年(nian)(nian))以(yi)后,高(gao)(gao)句(ju)麗(li)(li)的(de)(de)勢力(li)占(zhan)盡遼(liao)東(dong)(dong)半島(dao)。這時(shi),高(gao)(gao)句(ju)麗(li)(li)在大(da)黑(hei)山(shan)構筑城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡已完成。《隋書·來(lai)護業傳》載:“大(da)業十年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元614年(nian)(nian)),(來(lai)護兒)又帥渡海,至(zhi)卑奢城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),高(gao)(gao)句(ju)麗(li)(li)舉(ju)國來(lai)戰(zhan),護兒大(da)破之,斬首千級”。書中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)“卑奢城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”,指的(de)(de)就是大(da)黑(hei)山(shan)山(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。《資治通(tong)鑒》卷182也記(ji)載了(le)隋煬帝大(da)業十年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)這場(chang)戰(zhan)爭。
唐(tang)代貞觀十九(jiu)年(nian)(公(gong)元645年(nian)),唐(tang)太宗任(ren)命刑部尚書(shu)、鄖國公(gong)張亮為平壤道行軍大總管,帥舟師至山東(dong)半島的東(dong)萊渡海,至遼東(dong)半島南端登陸,襲擊卑(bei)沙城(cheng),攻破城(cheng)后(hou),俘虜高句麗(li)數千(qian)人……“五月己已(yi),拔之,獲男女八千(qian)口(kou)”,可見(jian)當時的卑(bei)沙城(cheng)內曾有千(qian)軍萬(wan)馬駐扎。645年(nian)唐(tang)軍收復遼東(dong),668年(nian)滅高句麗(li)。
(資料提(ti)供:金州區博物(wu)館)
有關(guan)唐(tang)太宗李世(shi)(shi)民(min)的遺跡點將臺(tai)當時不過是(shi)一個(ge)土臺(tai),是(shi)唐(tang)王(wang)李世(shi)(shi)民(min)校點將士的地方,如今(jin)在(zai)原址修建(jian)了一座雄偉的觀(guan)景臺(tai),供游客(ke)們在(zai)此了望海天(tian),撫(fu)今(jin)追昔,體(ti)味曾發(fa)生在(zai)這里的波瀾壯闊的歷史(shi)長卷。