銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)指可以利用的(de)(de)含銅(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)自然礦(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)集合體(ti)的(de)(de)總稱，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)石一般是銅(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)硫(liu)(liu)化物(wu)(wu)或氧化物(wu)(wu)與(yu)(yu)其他礦(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)組成的(de)(de)集合體(ti)，與(yu)(yu)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)(suan)反應生成藍(lan)綠(lv)色的(de)(de)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)(suan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)工業(ye)礦(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)有：自然銅(tong)(tong)(tong)、黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)、輝銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)、黝(you)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)、藍(lan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)、孔雀(que)石等。已(yi)發現的(de)(de)含銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)(wu)有280多種，主(zhu)要的(de)(de)只(zhi)有16種。中國開采的(de)(de)主(zhu)要是黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)（銅(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)(yu)硫(liu)(liu)、鐵的(de)(de)化合物(wu)(wu)），其次是輝銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)和(he)斑銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)。

基本概述

銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)石一般是(shi)銅(tong)的(de)(de)(de)硫(liu)化物(wu)或氧化物(wu)與其他(ta)礦(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)組(zu)成(cheng)集合(he)體，與硫(liu)酸反應生成(cheng)藍綠色(se)(se)(se)的(de)(de)(de)硫(liu)酸銅(tong)。自(zi)然(ran)銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)有(you)各種(zhong)各樣的(de)(de)(de)顏色(se)(se)(se)。黃銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)呈(cheng)亮(liang)黃色(se)(se)(se)，斑銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)呈(cheng)暗(an)銅(tong)紅色(se)(se)(se)，氧化后變為藍紫斑狀；輝銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)（硫(liu)化二銅(tong)）鉛(qian)灰(hui)色(se)(se)(se)；銅(tong)藍（硫(liu)化銅(tong)）靛藍色(se)(se)(se)；黝銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)是(shi)鋼灰(hui)色(se)(se)(se)；藍銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)（古稱曾青或石青）呈(cheng)鮮艷的(de)(de)(de)藍色(se)(se)(se)。在古代(dai)文獻中(zhong)，青色(se)(se)(se)即指深藍色(se)(se)(se)。全世界(jie)探(tan)明的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)儲量約6億多噸(dun)，儲量最多的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家是(shi)智利，約占(zhan)世界(jie)儲量的(de)(de)(de)三(san)分之一。我國(guo)有(you)不少(shao)著名的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)，如江西德興、安徽銅(tong)陵(ling)地區、山(shan)西中(zhong)條山(shan)、甘肅(su)白(bai)銀廠、云南東川(chuan)、黑龍(long)(long)江多寶(bao)山(shan)、西藏江達縣玉龍(long)(long)、墨竹工(gong)卡縣驅龍(long)(long)等。在金屬王國(guo)里(li)，銅(tong)的(de)(de)(de)導電(dian)性僅次于(yu)銀。銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)比銀礦(kuang)(kuang)多且價格便宜。當(dang)今世界(jie)，一半以上的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)用(yong)于(yu)電(dian)力和電(dian)訊工(gong)業。

開發歷史

自(zi)人類從石(shi)(shi)器時(shi)代進入青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)器時(shi)代以(yi)后，青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)被(bei)廣泛(fan)地用(yong)(yong)于鑄造鐘(zhong)(zhong)鼎(ding)禮樂之(zhi)器，如(ru)中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)稀(xi)世(shi)之(zhi)寶(bao)——商代晚期的(de)(de)(de)司母戊鼎(ding)就是用(yong)(yong)青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)(zhi)成的(de)(de)(de)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)石(shi)(shi)被(bei)稱為“人類文明的(de)(de)(de)使者”。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)地殼中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)含量只有十萬分之(zhi)七，可(ke)是在(zai)(zai)四千多(duo)年(nian)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)先人就使用(yong)(yong)了，這是因為銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)床(chuang)所在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)地表往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)存在(zai)(zai)一些純度達99%以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)紫紅色(se)(se)自(zi)然銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)（又叫紅銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)）。它(ta)質(zhi)軟，富有延展性，稍加(jia)敲打即可(ke)加(jia)工成工具和生活用(yong)(yong)品。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)上部的(de)(de)(de)氧化帶中(zhong)，還(huan)常見一種(zhong)綠得(de)惹人喜愛的(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)雀石(shi)(shi)。孔(kong)雀石(shi)(shi)因其色(se)(se)彩像孔(kong)雀的(de)(de)(de)羽毛(mao)而得(de)名。它(ta)多(duo)呈塊狀(zhuang)、鐘(zhong)(zhong)乳(ru)狀(zhuang)、皮殼狀(zhuang)及同心條帶狀(zhuang)。用(yong)(yong)孔(kong)雀石(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)成的(de)(de)(de)綠色(se)(se)顏料稱為石(shi)(shi)綠，又叫石(shi)(shi)錄。孔(kong)雀石(shi)(shi)別號叫“銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)綠”，它(ta)還(huan)是找礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)的(de)(de)(de)標志。1957年(nian)，地質(zhi)隊(dui)員來到(dao)湖北省(sheng)大冶(ye)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)綠山(shan)普查找礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)，通過勘探(tan)，發現銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)綠山(shan)是一個大型銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、鐵、金、銀、鈷綜合礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)床(chuang)。

南美洲的(de)智利，號稱“銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)之(zhi)國”。那里有(you)(you)個(ge)大銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)，也是外國人(ren)根據孔雀石(shi)發現(xian)的(de)，那是18世(shi)紀末葉的(de)一個(ge)趣聞。當(dang)時(shi)，智利還在西班牙(ya)殖民者(zhe)的(de)統治下。一次，有(you)(you)個(ge)西班牙(ya)的(de)中(zhong)尉(wei)軍官，因(yin)負(fu)債累累而逃(tao)往阿根廷(ting)去(qu)躲(duo)債。他取道智利首(shou)都圣地亞(ya)哥以(yi)南50英里的(de)卡(ka)佳波爾山谷(gu)，登上1600米高的(de)安第斯山時(shi)，無意(yi)中(zhong)發現(xian)山石(shi)上有(you)(you)許多翠綠色的(de)銅(tong)綠。他的(de)文(wen)化素養使(shi)他認(ren)識到(dao)這是找銅(tong)的(de)“礦(kuang)(kuang)苗”，于是帶著礦(kuang)(kuang)石(shi)標本去(qu)報礦(kuang)(kuang)。后經勘查證實，這是一個(ge)大型富銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)。這座銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)特(te)(te)命(ming)名為“特(te)(te)尼恩(en)特(te)(te)”（西班牙(ya)文(wen)意(yi)為“中(zhong)尉(wei)”）。它是世(shi)界上最大的(de)地下開采(cai)銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)，年產銅(tong)錠30萬噸。

礦床種類

銅礦床種類大致可分為以下幾種：

（1）海相火(huo)山巖(yan)黃(huang)鐵礦(kuang)(kuang)型銅礦(kuang)(kuang)床：產(chan)于下古生代(dai)石英角斑巖(yan)和細碧(bi)巖(yan)中。呈(cheng)透鏡(jing)狀(zhuang)﹑似層狀(zhuang)。礦(kuang)(kuang)石礦(kuang)(kuang)物以黃(huang)銅礦(kuang)(kuang)、黃(huang)鐵礦(kuang)(kuang)為主。銅品位一般大(da)于1%。如中國甘肅白銀(yin)廠、青海紅溝等礦(kuang)(kuang)床。

（2）超(chao)基性巖(yan)中(zhong)的熔離(li)型銅鎳硫化物礦(kuang)床：產于下古生代純橄(gan)巖(yan)、輝橄(gan)巖(yan)、橄(gan)輝巖(yan)巖(yan)體的中(zhong)、下部(bu)。呈(cheng)似層狀、透鏡狀。礦(kuang)石礦(kuang)物以黃(huang)銅礦(kuang)、鎳黃(huang)鐵(tie)礦(kuang)為主。銅品位一般小于1%。如中(zhong)國甘肅金川、新疆喀拉通克等(deng)礦(kuang)。

（3）變質巖(yan)層(ceng)狀銅(tong)礦床：產于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)元(yuan)古代白云巖(yan)、大理巖(yan)、片巖(yan)片麻巖(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)，沿(yan)層(ceng)產出(chu)。礦體呈層(ceng)狀、似層(ceng)狀、透鏡(jing)狀。礦石礦物以黃銅(tong)礦、斑(ban)銅(tong)礦為主。銅(tong)品位(wei)一般大于(yu)1%。如云南(nan)東(dong)川湯丹(dan)、山(shan)西中(zhong)(zhong)條(tiao)山(shan)胡家峪(yu)等礦。

（4）夕卡巖型(xing)銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)床：產于中酸性侵(qin)入巖體和碳酸鹽巖的接(jie)觸帶內外。礦(kuang)(kuang)體以似層(ceng)狀、透鏡狀、扁豆(dou)狀為(wei)主。礦(kuang)(kuang)石礦(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)主要(yao)為(wei)黃銅(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)、黃鐵礦(kuang)(kuang)。銅(tong)品(pin)位一般大于1%。如安徽銅(tong)官山、江西城(cheng)門山等礦(kuang)(kuang)。

（5）斑(ban)(ban)巖(yan)銅礦(kuang)(kuang)床(chuang)：產(chan)于中生代、新生代花崗(gang)閃長(chang)斑(ban)(ban)巖(yan)、二長(chang)斑(ban)(ban)巖(yan)、閃長(chang)斑(ban)(ban)巖(yan)等(deng)及其圍巖(yan)中。礦(kuang)(kuang)體(ti)呈似(si)層狀、透鏡(jing)狀。礦(kuang)(kuang)石礦(kuang)(kuang)物以黃銅礦(kuang)(kuang)為(wei)主。銅品位一般小(xiao)于1%。礦(kuang)(kuang)床(chuang)常(chang)為(wei)大、中型。如江西銅廠(chang)、黑龍江多寶山、西藏玉龍、驅龍等(deng)礦(kuang)(kuang)。

（6）砂(sha)巖(yan)型銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)床：產(chan)于(yu)中生代陸相(xiang)砂(sha)巖(yan)與砂(sha)頁巖(yan)中。礦(kuang)體呈似層狀、透(tou)鏡狀。礦(kuang)石礦(kuang)物以輝(hui)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)為主，其(qi)次為斑銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)、黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)等。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)品位多大于(yu)1%。如云南郝家河、四川大銅(tong)(tong)(tong)廠(chang)等礦(kuang)。

銅礦種類

斑巖型銅礦

斑(ban)巖型銅礦（斑(ban)銅礦）探明(ming)儲(chu)量(liang)(liang)居首位，約占全國(guo)(guo)總(zong)儲(chu)量(liang)(liang)的(de)41%，近年(nian)來(lai)探明(ming)儲(chu)量(liang)(liang)仍(reng)有增長。主(zhu)要(yao)集中(zhong)于3個成(cheng)(cheng)礦帶：阿(a)爾卑斯－喜馬(ma)拉雅(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)礦帶（包括我國(guo)(guo)滇藏地區）、中(zhong)亞－蒙古成(cheng)(cheng)礦帶（包括我國(guo)(guo)新疆、甘肅(su)、黑龍江）和(he)環太平洋成(cheng)(cheng)礦帶（包括我國(guo)(guo)東部廣(guang)大地區）。成(cheng)(cheng)礦時代(dai)從寒武紀到第三紀，以喜馬(ma)拉雅(ya)期和(he)燕山期為主(zhu)。

矽卡巖型銅礦

矽卡(ka)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)型(xing)(xing)銅(tong)礦(kuang)亦(yi)是主(zhu)要(yao)類型(xing)(xing)，其探(tan)明儲量(liang)約占我國(guo)總儲量(liang)的(de)27%，尤其是岡底斯矽卡(ka)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)型(xing)(xing)銅(tong)礦(kuang)資源量(liang)迅速增加。典(dian)型(xing)(xing)的(de)矽卡(ka)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)型(xing)(xing)銅(tong)礦(kuang)主(zhu)要(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)長江中(zhong)下游地區，成礦(kuang)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)體以(yi)燕(yan)山期的(de)花崗閃長巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)為主(zhu)，圍巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)古生代以(yi)來的(de)碳酸鹽巖(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)地層為主(zhu)。品位較高，規模不(bu)等，常形成大的(de)富銅(tong)礦(kuang)床。

層狀型銅礦

層(ceng)(ceng)狀(zhuang)型(xing)(xing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)，包括變(bian)質(zhi)巖中層(ceng)(ceng)狀(zhuang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)和(he)(he)含銅(tong)(tong)(tong)砂頁(ye)巖型(xing)(xing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)，約占全國(guo)總儲(chu)量的(de)(de)11%。變(bian)質(zhi)巖層(ceng)(ceng)狀(zhuang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)往(wang)往(wang)由早期(qi)的(de)(de)海相(xiang)沉積巖經(jing)變(bian)質(zhi)形成(cheng)，其(qi)成(cheng)礦(kuang)時代以元古宙和(he)(he)古生代最為重要，集(ji)中于(yu)(yu)康滇、狼山和(he)(he)中條山地區(qu)。含銅(tong)(tong)(tong)砂頁(ye)巖型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)成(cheng)礦(kuang)時代集(ji)中于(yu)(yu)中生代至(zhi)第三紀，產于(yu)(yu)滇中盆地等(deng)(deng)。該類(lei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)除了富含銅(tong)(tong)(tong)金(jin)屬(shu)外，伴生有鉛(qian)、鋅、銀、鈷(gu)等(deng)(deng)，部分還富集(ji)多(duo)種稀散(san)元素(su)和(he)(he)放射性元素(su)。

火山沉積型銅礦

火山(shan)(shan)沉積型(xing)銅礦占全國總儲量(liang)的5.5%，海(hai)相火山(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)型(xing)銅礦資源較(jiao)陸相火山(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)型(xing)多。礦體多產(chan)于不同巖(yan)(yan)性的火山(shan)(shan)巖(yan)(yan)地層(ceng)(ceng)的接觸部(bu)位，火山(shan)(shan)熔巖(yan)(yan)、火山(shan)(shan)碎屑巖(yan)(yan)層(ceng)(ceng)的頂部(bu)及(ji)(ji)其附(fu)近(jin)，以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)上覆沉積巖(yan)(yan)層(ceng)(ceng)的界面上。礦體呈層(ceng)(ceng)狀(zhuang)、透鏡狀(zhuang)，往往成(cheng)(cheng)群出現。成(cheng)(cheng)礦時代(dai)以(yi)(yi)古生(sheng)代(dai)和古元古代(dai)為(wei)主，其次是太(tai)古宙。

銅鎳硫化物型銅礦

銅(tong)鎳硫(liu)化(hua)物(wu)型(xing)銅(tong)礦，占全國總儲(chu)量的6.4%，與(yu)基性(xing)—超基性(xing)巖體緊密相關。主要集(ji)中于龍首山、東天山、張(zhang)廣才嶺等地區，成礦時代以元古宙為主。

全球銅礦資源

世(shi)界(jie)(jie)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)資(zi)源主要(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)(zai)智利、澳大利亞、秘(mi)魯(lu)、美國、墨西(xi)哥、俄羅斯等國家，其中(zhong)智利是世(shi)界(jie)(jie)上銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)資(zi)源最(zui)豐富的(de)國家。從1996年至2013，世(shi)界(jie)(jie)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)儲量(liang)(liang)(liang)呈遞增(zeng)(zeng)趨勢，尤其是在(zai)(zai)2002年之(zhi)后，儲量(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)較大，2010年之(zhi)后，儲量(liang)(liang)(liang)亦增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)較大。世(shi)界(jie)(jie)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)產量(liang)(liang)(liang)從1994年至2013年，也是較穩定(ding)地(di)(di)(di)持續增(zeng)(zeng)長，產量(liang)(liang)(liang)稍有波動，但波動不大。截(jie)至2013年，世(shi)界(jie)(jie)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)儲量(liang)(liang)(liang)在(zai)(zai)各個主要(yao)國家的(de)資(zi)源情況和礦(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)產量(liang)(liang)(liang)見(jian)圖4。智利一(yi)直保持著銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)資(zi)源大國的(de)地(di)(di)(di)位，同時也是銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)生產大國。智利國內(nei)丘基(ji)卡馬塔（chuquicmata）是世(shi)界(jie)(jie)上最(zui)大的(de)露天開采銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)礦(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)之(zhi)一(yi)，同時還有埃爾特尼恩特（ElTenente）、埃斯康迪達（Escondida）等多個大型銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)。中(zhong)非(fei)地(di)(di)(di)區的(de)贊比亞－扎伊爾銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)帶(dai)(dai)、中(zhong)非(fei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)帶(dai)(dai)、剛－贊銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鈷，亦是世(shi)界(jie)(jie)上最(zui)大、最(zui)富的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)礦(kuang)(kuang)產地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)一(yi)，近年來勘探(tan)投(tou)入增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)，找礦(kuang)(kuang)成果顯著，累(lei)計(ji)探(tan)明的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)儲量(liang)(liang)(liang)約15000萬(wan)噸～17000萬(wan)噸。

我國銅礦資源

據國(guo)土資(zi)源部(bu)儲(chu)量(liang)司，截(jie)至2001年底，全國(guo)共有銅(tong)礦區974個，保有銅(tong)儲(chu)量(liang)（金屬量(liang)）1941.86萬(wan)噸(dun)(dun)，基(ji)礎(chu)儲(chu)量(liang)3083.71萬(wan)噸(dun)(dun)，分別占(zhan)同年世界(jie)銅(tong)儲(chu)量(liang)（34000萬(wan)噸(dun)(dun)）的(de)5.70%和儲(chu)量(liang)基(ji)礎(chu)（65000萬(wan)噸(dun)(dun)）的(de)4.75%。主要分布(bu)在江西、云南、湖北、西藏、甘肅、安徽、山西、黑龍江等省，這8省的(de)基(ji)礎(chu)儲(chu)量(liang)約占(zhan)全國(guo)總基(ji)礎(chu)儲(chu)量(liang)的(de)76.40%。

銅(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)各省(sheng)、市、自(zi)治區均有數量(liang)不等(deng)的(de)(de)探(tan)明(ming)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源儲(chu)量(liang)分布。探(tan)明(ming)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源儲(chu)量(liang)占(zhan)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)探(tan)明(ming)總儲(chu)量(liang)10%以上的(de)(de)有西藏、江西和云(yun)南，以西藏自(zi)治區最多，探(tan)明(ming)儲(chu)量(liang)占(zhan)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)總儲(chu)量(liang)的(de)(de)23%，達2043萬(wan)t。地(di)質(zhi)大(da)(da)調查以來，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦找(zhao)礦勘探(tan)的(de)(de)重大(da)(da)突破，使西藏探(tan)明(ming)的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源儲(chu)量(liang)自(zi)2008年(nian)以來超過了江西和云(yun)南。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)探(tan)明(ming)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源儲(chu)量(liang)占(zhan)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)總儲(chu)量(liang)百分比在(zai)5%至(zhi)10%之間的(de)(de)省(sheng)區有內蒙古、新(xin)疆(jiang)、安徽和黑龍江。從礦產(chan)地(di)個數來看，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦區在(zai)2012年(nian)達到1915處(chu)，尤其(qi)是在(zai)2005年(nian)之后增加(jia)較(jiao)快(kuai)。圖3展示(shi)5981處(chu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦產(chan)地(di)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料信息，覆蓋全(quan)國(guo)(guo)31個省(sheng)、市、自(zi)治區。其(qi)中500萬(wan)噸(dun)以上的(de)(de)超大(da)(da)型銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦床(chuang)3個，50萬(wan)噸(dun)以上至(zhi)500萬(wan)噸(dun)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)型銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦床(chuang)47個，10萬(wan)噸(dun)以上至(zhi)50萬(wan)噸(dun)的(de)(de)中型銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦床(chuang)120個，1萬(wan)噸(dun)至(zhi)10萬(wan)噸(dun)的(de)(de)小型銅(tong)(tong)(tong)礦床(chuang)644個，礦床(chuang)累計(ji)814處(chu)，其(qi)他礦點(dian)和礦化點(dian)5156處(chu)，共計(ji)5970處(chu)。

雖然近年(nian)來(lai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)銅礦(kuang)找(zhao)礦(kuang)取得了重大突(tu)破，但還沒有找(zhao)到(dao)千萬噸級(ji)的(de)銅礦(kuang)，跟(gen)國(guo)(guo)外(wai)一些世(shi)界級(ji)銅礦(kuang)相比還存在(zai)品位(wei)偏低、開發(fa)條(tiao)件差等(deng)不利因(yin)素。