基本信息
對(dui)河口水庫(ku)(ku)(ku)位于浙江省(sheng)德清縣西部東苕溪支流余英溪上,是一(yi)座以防洪為主,結合(he)灌溉、發電等綜合(he)利用(yong)的(de)大(二)型水庫(ku)(ku)(ku)。水庫(ku)(ku)(ku)工(gong)程于1958年(nian)(nian)7月(yue)動(dong)工(gong)興(xing)建,1965年(nian)(nian)8月(yue)竣(jun)工(gong)。水庫(ku)(ku)(ku)控制流域面積(ji)148.7平方公里,總(zong)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)1.16億立(li)方米(mi),正常庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)0.44億立(li)方米(mi),2003年(nian)(nian)經過除險加(jia)固工(gong)程竣(jun)工(gong)后,水庫(ku)(ku)(ku)總(zong)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)增(zeng)加(jia)到1.47億立(li)方米(mi)。
水庫(ku)主體工程由(you)粘土(tu)心墻(qiang)多(duo)種(zhong)均(jun)質土(tu)壩(ba);均(jun)質土(tu)副(fu)壩(ba)、泄(xie)洪洞(dong)、溢(yi)洪道、輸水隧洞(dong)、裝機(ji)1360千(qian)瓦和320千(qian)瓦各一臺的壩(ba)后電(dian)站組成。工程投(tou)入運行以來(lai),已(yi)攔蓄大(da)小洪水60多(duo)次,為(wei)確保德清縣城、莫干山經(jing)濟(ji)開發區(qu)、下游10萬畝(mu)農(nong)田(tian)和間(jian)接保護杭嘉平(ping)原32萬畝(mu)農(nong)田(tian)的防(fang)洪安(an)全,發揮了巨大(da)效益,灌溉農(nong)田(tian)約3.5萬畝(mu),水庫(ku)多(duo)年平(ping)均(jun)發電(dian)量(liang)500萬千(qian)瓦時(shi),基(ji)本達(da)到(dao)設計效益。
樞紐工程
(1)粘土(tu)心墻各(ge)種土(tu)質(zhi)壩(ba),壩(ba)高(gao)33米(mi),壩(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)程58米(mi),主壩(ba)長(chang)292.5米(mi),寬(kuan)7.3米(mi);副壩(ba)為均質(zhi)土(tu)壩(ba),高(gao)22米(mi),壩(ba)頂(ding)長(chang)123米(mi),寬(kuan)6.4米(mi)。
(2)泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)建筑物為泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)洞(dong)(dong),底(di)部高程41.03米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),洞(dong)(dong)長59.1米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),內(nei)(nei)徑3.85米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),平板鋼閘門設(she)(she)置在(zai)豎(shu)井中(zhong)(zhong),及溢洪(hong)(hong)道(dao)底(di)高程51.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),上有1.86米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)高小土埝,當洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)達52.75米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)時,破埝溢洪(hong)(hong),溢洪(hong)(hong)底(di)寬12米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);以及輸(shu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong),進口高程29.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),內(nei)(nei)徑2.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),長238米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),在(zai)洞(dong)(dong)出口已裝錐形閘頭封閉,在(zai)隧洞(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)段列出發(fa)(fa)電鋼管;水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電站裝機2臺(tai)(tai)840千(qian)瓦。 水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)以防洪(hong)(hong)為主,結(jie)合灌溉(gai)發(fa)(fa)電。原按百年一遇(yu)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji),千(qian)年一遇(yu)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)校核,設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)52.75米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),校核洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)57.35米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。總庫(ku)容(rong)1.16億立米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)正常水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)41.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),相應庫(ku)容(rong)0.318億立米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。為解決由(you)于渠系配套不善,灌溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量不足的問題(ti),正常蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei),控制水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei):臺(tai)(tai)汛(xun)42.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);梅汛(xun)期44.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。
旅游開發
莫(mo)干湖(hu)(hu)在莫(mo)干山(shan)南麓。1960年對(dui)河口水(shui)庫攔河壩建成蓄水(shui)后,形成的大型(xing)人工湖(hu)(hu)。面(mian)積3.7平方(fang)公里。湖(hu)(hu)周群(qun)山(shan)環抱、林木蔥(cong)郁,湖(hu)(hu)岸曲折多姿,站在湖(hu)(hu)心小島上,可飽覽湖(hu)(hu)光山(shan)色。北面(mian)有一小山(shan)伸入湖(hu)(hu)中,曰(yue)美女峰,南面(mian)湖(hu)(hu)畔(pan),花果成林,栽植(zhi)著楊(yang)梅、桃(tao)、板栗等多種果樹,猶如置身(shen)于世外(wai)桃(tao)源。