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基本信息

廖坊水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)是撫州興建(jian)的(de)第二座大(da)型水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)。水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)壩(ba)(ba)址位(wei)于撫河(he)干流(liu)中游的(de)臨川鵬田(tian)鄉廖坊村，水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)因位(wei)居其側而(er)得名。涉及(ji)東鄉、金溪、臨川三(san)縣（區）及(ji)金巢經濟(ji)開(kai)發(fa)區25個(ge)鄉（鎮、場）、61萬人(ren)。壩(ba)(ba)址以(yi)上控制(zhi)流(liu)域面積(ji)7060平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公里,多年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均徑流(liu)量(liang)70.6億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。工程(cheng)以(yi)防洪和灌(guan)溉為(wei)主，兼顧發(fa)電(dian)、供(gong)水(shui)(shui)和航(hang)運等(deng)綜合效益。水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)正常蓄水(shui)(shui)位(wei)65米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，汛期防洪限制(zhi)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)為(wei)61米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，防洪高(gao)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)67.94米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)總(zong)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)4.32億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，防洪庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)3.1億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，調洪庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)3.44億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，調節庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)1.14億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。電(dian)站總(zong)裝機容(rong)量(liang)4.95萬千瓦。大(da)壩(ba)(ba)壩(ba)(ba)頂全長283米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，壩(ba)(ba)頂高(gao)程(cheng)70.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，最大(da)壩(ba)(ba)高(gao)38.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。主壩(ba)(ba)設(she)計洪水(shui)(shui)標準為(wei)100年(nian)一遇，設(she)計標準洪水(shui)(shui)下(xia)泄流(liu)量(liang)為(wei)6000立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒。在距主壩(ba)(ba)上游約2公里右岸三(san)處埡口設(she)三(san)座副壩(ba)(ba)，三(san)座副壩(ba)(ba)均為(wei)均質土壩(ba)(ba)，最大(da)壩(ba)(ba)高(gao)分別(bie)為(wei)9.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、2.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、2.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。庫(ku)(ku)區內淹(yan)(yan)沒(mei)范圍涉及(ji)臨川區的(de)鵬田(tian)，金溪縣的(de)石(shi)門，南城縣的(de)岳口、徐家、洪門、建(jian)昌等(deng)6個(ge)鄉鎮，39個(ge)村（居）委(wei)會，庫(ku)(ku)區移民18556人(ren)，淹(yan)(yan)沒(mei)耕地28403畝。

地理位置

廖坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)庫大壩之所以選擇在(zai)廖坊(fang)(fang)村側(ce)，主要有(you)兩方面原因(yin)：其(qi)一是這里流域控(kong)制面積大，廣昌、南豐、南城、黎川等縣(xian)河流的水(shui)系均交匯于(yu)此，其(qi)有(you)效控(kong)制面高達7060平方公里；其(qi)二是這里天然條件優，壩址兩山間距只(zhi)有(you)298米，且山石(shi)堅硬，十分利于(yu)攔河筑壩。有(you)專(zhuan)家說(shuo)，此處(chu)建壩條件是近十年來江西省(sheng)境(jing)內最好的。

建設歷程

從廖坊(fang)水利樞紐工(gong)程規劃的(de)提出到正式(shi)開工(gong)，歷時46年，工(gong)程項目曾(ceng)三次提交(jiao)國務院總理辦公會(hui)審(shen)議(yi)，三任省長將其寫進了(le)《政(zheng)府(fu)工(gong)作報告》。

廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)早在(zai)1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，在(zai)長江流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)中(zhong)，就(jiu)被(bei)列(lie)(lie)為(wei)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)項(xiang)目(mu)。在(zai)國家(jia)(jia)第(di)七個五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)計(ji)劃(hua)中(zhong)，該工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)還被(bei)列(lie)(lie)為(wei)撫(fu)河(he)流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)中(zhong)的(de)重點項(xiang)目(mu)。然而，由于種(zhong)種(zhong)原因，該工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)直至(zhi)1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)《撫(fu)河(he)流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)報告》通過(guo)江西省(sheng)(sheng)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)設計(ji)院(yuan)審查后，才真正被(bei)提(ti)到各(ge)級領導的(de)議事日(ri)(ri)(ri)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)，省(sheng)(sheng)政府批(pi)準(zhun)撫(fu)河(he)流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)。隨(sui)后撫(fu)州(zhou)成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)“廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)籌備工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作小組(zu)”，不久又成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)“廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)庫工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)籌建(jian)處”。1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)19日(ri)(ri)(ri)，省(sheng)(sheng)計(ji)委同意興建(jian)廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)，成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)“廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有限(xian)責任(ren)公司”，注冊資金(jin)400萬(wan)元。6月(yue)27日(ri)(ri)(ri)，廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)征山征地的(de)前期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作全部(bu)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)。1999年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)23日(ri)(ri)(ri)，國務院(yuan)總(zong)理(li)(li)辦(ban)公室研究批(pi)準(zhun)該工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立(li)項(xiang)，總(zong)投資12.09億(yi)元，其(qi)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)部(bu)投資3.5億(yi)元，省(sheng)(sheng)、市投資5.99億(yi)元，銀行(xing)(xing)貸款3億(yi)元。2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)12日(ri)(ri)(ri)順利(li)(li)通過(guo)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)部(bu)審批(pi)后，9月(yue)10日(ri)(ri)(ri)，在(zai)第(di)137次國務院(yuan)總(zong)理(li)(li)辦(ban)公會上(shang)(shang)順利(li)(li)通過(guo)了工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)報告。10月(yue)28日(ri)(ri)(ri)，廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)儀式在(zai)撫(fu)河(he)岸邊的(de)毛家(jia)(jia)灣舉(ju)行(xing)(xing)。從此，撫(fu)州(zhou)的(de)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)史翻開了嶄新的(de)一頁(ye)。2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)19日(ri)(ri)(ri)上(shang)(shang)午，廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)灌區(qu)奠(dian)基典禮在(zai)東鄉縣大富工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業園(yuan)區(qu)隆重舉(ju)行(xing)(xing)，省(sheng)(sheng)委副書記、省(sheng)(sheng)長吳新雄宣布工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)奠(dian)基。

工程效益

廖(liao)坊(fang)水利(li)樞(shu)紐工(gong)程(cheng)意義巨(ju)大(da)(da)(da)。首先，該工(gong)程(cheng)有(you)助(zhu)于提高撫(fu)(fu)河(he)防洪(hong)標(biao)準。我省境內有(you)5條大(da)(da)(da)江(jiang)大(da)(da)(da)河(he)，撫(fu)(fu)河(he)列居(ju)第二，僅次于贛(gan)江(jiang)。在這5條大(da)(da)(da)江(jiang)大(da)(da)(da)河(he)上(shang)(shang)，除撫(fu)(fu)河(he)外(wai)其余4條江(jiang)河(he)的上(shang)(shang)游(you)均設有(you)控制性(xing)水利(li)樞(shu)紐工(gong)程(cheng)，唯獨撫(fu)(fu)河(he)上(shang)(shang)游(you)干(gan)(gan)(gan)流為(wei)空白。而鳥瞰撫(fu)(fu)河(he)，下(xia)游(you)乃美麗富饒的贛(gan)撫(fu)(fu)平原(yuan)，是(shi)江(jiang)西省境內人口稠密、經濟發(fa)達地(di)區，有(you)南昌、撫(fu)(fu)州等城市(shi)及重要的鐵路、公路干(gan)(gan)(gan)線。由(you)于缺乏(fa)骨干(gan)(gan)(gan)控制性(xing)水利(li)樞(shu)紐工(gong)程(cheng)，防洪(hong)問題突出。廖(liao)坊(fang)水利(li)樞(shu)紐工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)成(cheng)后，將使(shi)壩址以下(xia)撫(fu)(fu)河(he)重要圩堤防洪(hong)標(biao)準由(you)50年一(yi)遇(yu)提高到100年一(yi)遇(yu)。

其(qi)次，廖(liao)坊水利樞紐工(gong)程(cheng)具有巨大的灌(guan)溉效益，它的建成將為(wei)我市改善、新增農(nong)(nong)田灌(guan)溉面(mian)積(ji)50.3萬(wan)畝，其(qi)中新增農(nong)(nong)田灌(guan)溉面(mian)積(ji)21.9萬(wan)畝；每年還可以為(wei)周圍城鎮(zhen)提(ti)供(gong)工(gong)業和生活用(yong)水2670萬(wan)立方(fang)米，從而加速(su)一方(fang)經濟發(fa)展。

同時(shi)，廖坊水利樞紐工(gong)程還兼有發電(dian)(dian)效(xiao)益。據(ju)了解，廖坊水電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)裝機總(zong)容量為4.95(3臺)萬(wan)瓦，年發電(dian)(dian)量1.56億(yi)度，可(ke)(ke)大(da)大(da)緩解我(wo)市(shi)電(dian)(dian)力供需矛(mao)盾(dun)緊張狀態，為我(wo)市(shi)區域電(dian)(dian)網的(de)調峰(feng)、提高供電(dian)(dian)質量起(qi)到十(shi)分積極作用。此外，廖坊水利樞紐工(gong)程正(zheng)常(chang)水面高達(da)37.08平(ping)方公(gong)里，不僅具(ju)有水產(chan)養(yang)殖功能，還可(ke)(ke)以發展(zhan)旅游業。