站在葛仙(xian)峰(feng)上,可望見(jian)龜(gui)峰(feng)、黃崗山(shan)、鵝湖山(shan)、七星山(shan)、獨豎尖。在葛仙(xian)峰(feng)上,近觀九(jiu)(jiu)條(tiao)支脈如(ru)九(jiu)(jiu)條(tiao)蒼(cang)龍(long),匯(hui)聚于大(da)葛仙(xian)殿后,人稱(cheng)“九(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)竄頂”,形家稱(cheng)此九(jiu)(jiu)龍(long)匯(hui)聚之處(chu)為風水較好之地。遠(yuan)視可見(jian)武夷山(shan)主峰(feng)黃崗山(shan)、上饒靈山(shan)、弋陽龜(gui)峰(feng)。
紫云(yun)峰(feng)位于大葛仙殿西北(bei)。春夏之(zhi)季在紫云(yun)峰(feng)可以看到紫色(se)的云(yun)海,故名紫云(yun)峰(feng)。
香(xiang)爐(lu)峰(feng)位(wei)于大葛仙(xian)(xian)殿(dian)西南約3500米(mi)處,海拔(ba)1037米(mi),山(shan)勢峻峭挺拔(ba),香(xiang)爐(lu)峰(feng)巔恰在大葛仙(xian)(xian)殿(dian)的中軸線和水平線上,被(bei)稱(cheng)為“葛仙(xian)(xian)祠(ci)的天然香(xiang)爐(lu)”。
大(da)葛(ge)仙(xian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)俗稱葛(ge)仙(xian)祠,又稱玉虛觀,坐落在葛(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)較(jiao)高(gao)峰香爐(lu)峰上(shang)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)長(chang)29.2米,寬(kuan)17米,面積496平方米。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內有(you)(you)壇(tan),壇(tan)上(shang)有(you)(you)葛(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)葛(ge)玄行像、坐像各一,有(you)(you)橫(heng)匾6塊。壇(tan)下有(you)(you)古井,相傳為葛(ge)玄所筑。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)門(men)外右側有(you)(you)三(san)官(guan)(guan)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靈官(guan)(guan)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),再由(you)百步階可(ke)通玉皇殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、地母(mu)樓、慈濟(ji)寺、龍池。祠依山(shan)筑殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),座東北朝(chao)西(xi)南(nan),有(you)(you)大(da)葛(ge)仙(xian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、老君殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、觀音(yin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、三(san)官(guan)(guan)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、靈官(guan)(guan)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、地母(mu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、玉皇閣等。
娘(niang)娘(niang)殿(dian)(dian)位于大葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)殿(dian)(dian)西(xi)北(bei)3.5千(qian)米(mi)處(chu),海拔610米(mi)。娘(niang)娘(niang)殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)紀念葛(ge)玄之母而建(jian)。傳(chuan)說葛(ge)玄在(zai)葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)山上修練之后,其母特(te)從江蘇老家(jia)趕來探望,不意行至半山突然故去,未能(neng)見(jian)上兒(er)子一面(mian),因此在(zai)葛(ge)母仙(xian)(xian)逝處(chu)筑殿(dian)(dian)紀念。
慈(ci)濟寺位于大葛(ge)仙(xian)殿(dian)的(de)玉皇閣之北,與大葛(ge)仙(xian)殿(dian)相距約100米(mi)左右,低于大葛(ge)仙(xian)殿(dian)約25米(mi)。座向與葛(ge)仙(xian)祠相反。明朝萬(wan)歷三十年(1593年),當時葛(ge)仙(xian)山的(de)大葛(ge)仙(xian)殿(dian)有萬(wan)眾香客(ke),因(yin)人(ren)滿為患,恐生(sheng)事端,道士邀請同樣在(zai)江(jiang)西和東南宗教界頗有影響的(de)鵝湖峰頂寺的(de)僧人(ren)前來設立分(fen)院,共(gong)理廟會。形成(cheng)“一山兩(liang)教”,“道釋共(gong)處”的(de)宗教文化特色。
接(jie)官(guan)(guan)亭(ting)為葛仙山之門戶。據記載,系為迎接(jie)京官(guan)(guan)內閣大員而(er)建。每(mei)有朝(chao)中大員或名士(shi)上山,道(dao)長要率全山道(dao)士(shi)在(zai)接(jie)官(guan)(guan)亭(ting)恭迎。接(jie)官(guan)(guan)亭(ting)為八柱式大型(xing)牌樓(lou),融(rong)合了古代建筑造型(xing)藝術(shu)與現代建筑技術(shu)。接(jie)官(guan)(guan)亭(ting)前亭(ting)后是數(shu)百級(ji)寬闊平整的登山步道(dao)。
飛(fei)升臺位于大葛仙殿東北約300米(mi)處的舍身崖上(shang),為六方石柱雙層(ceng)仿(fang)古(gu)亭(ting)榭(xie)建筑。亭(ting)下為斷崖千尺。傳說此(ci)處為當(dang)年葛玄羽化成仙之處。
步云亭和觀道亭均為六方(fang)石柱仿古建(jian)筑,分別(bie)位于大葛(ge)仙殿左400米和(he)右80米的山頭上,遙相呼應。
龍(long)須溝位(wei)于葛仙峰之(zhi)西,溝谷(gu)延伸5千米,龍(long)須溝兩岸山峰相(xiang)夾(jia),崖(ya)陡谷(gu)深。谷(gu)中怪石嶙峋。溝谷(gu)溪水湍急(ji),撞擊溝石,發(fa)出轟鳴之(zhi)聲(sheng)。
西潭(tan)谷(gu)位于大葛仙(xian)(xian)殿(dian)八(ba)卦門下,谷(gu)深數(shu)百(bai)米。站在大殿(dian)外的祭坪邊(bian)緣,俯視谷(gu)底可(ke)見(jian)斷(duan)崖(ya)壁(bi)立、奇石,烘(hong)托著葛仙(xian)(xian)祠。
高(gao)鐵(tie)路(lu)線(xian):上饒站—鉛山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)—葛仙山(shan)(shan)鎮—葛仙山(shan)(shan)風(feng)景區。
自(zi)駕路(lu)線:打開導航搜索“上饒鉛山(shan)葛仙山(shan)風景區”,上鉛通道—鉛山(shan)書院大(da)橋—葛仙山(shan)大(da)道。
葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)山(shan)位(wei)于江西省上饒市鉛(qian)山(shan)縣(xian)葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)山(shan)鎮境內。鉛(qian)山(shan)縣(xian)屬中亞熱(re)帶溫濕型氣(qi)(qi)候,距海洋較(jiao)近,受亞洲大陸和(he)(he)太平洋、印度洋季風(feng)交叉影響,氣(qi)(qi)候溫和(he)(he),雨量(liang)充(chong)沛(pei),日(ri)照(zhao)充(chong)足,四季分明,年(nian)(nian)降雨量(liang)1733—2000毫米(mi),年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫8.7℃—17.9℃,較(jiao)冷的(de)一月份(fen)平均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫16℃—5.6℃,較(jiao)熱(re)的(de)七月份(fen)平均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫18.7℃—29.4℃,平均(jun)(jun)年(nian)(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)為1952小時,常年(nian)(nian)主導(dao)風(feng)向(xiang)為東南風(feng)。葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)山(shan)系武夷山(shan)的(de)支脈,葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)峰是葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)山(shan)景區內的(de)較(jiao)高峰,海拔1096.3米(mi)。
據(ju)清同治《鉛山縣(xian)志》記載,唐咸通(860年(nian)—873年(nian))中于葛玄煉丹處建(jian)宗華觀。
宋(song)治平二年(1065年),宗華(hua)觀賜名(ming)玉(yu)虛(xu)觀。
北宋元祜七年(1092年),玉(yu)虛觀改名為(wei)大葛仙(xian)殿(dian)(dian)。后(hou)又多(duo)次修葺,經南(nan)宋、元、明(ming)幾代擴建,遂成一氣勢宏大的道教建筑群,除大葛仙(xian)殿(dian)(dian)外,有(you)三官(guan)殿(dian)(dian)、靈官(guan)殿(dian)(dian)、地母殿(dian)(dian)、玉(yu)皇樓。
明代嘉靖年(nian)間(1522年(nian)—1566年(nian)),葛(ge)仙山修建了接(jie)官亭(ting)。
明朝萬歷三十年(1593年),葛仙山始建慈濟寺(si)。
清嘉慶年間(1796年—1820年),大葛仙殿毀于火,后修(xiu)復。
民國(guo)十七年(nian)(nian)(1928年(nian)(nian)),大葛仙殿又(you)毀于火,次年(nian)(nian)再度重(zhong)建。
1995年,接官(guan)亭在原(yuan)址上(shang)重建。
2015年6月2日上(shang)午,上(shang)饒市鉛山縣投資5億元打(da)造葛(ge)仙山景(jing)區,一期工程建(jian)設旅游(you)服務中心、停車場、景(jing)區旅游(you)公路、客運(yun)索道等(deng),二期主要建(jian)設度假(jia)酒店、商業街、養生度假(jia)區等(deng)。
2016年9月(yue),葛仙山景區(qu)索道(dao)項目開工(gong),索道(dao)全長2069米(mi),高差(cha)691米(mi),單趟運輸(shu)時(shi)間為7—10分鐘。該項目投(tou)資(zi)1.2億(yi)元,采用法國馬公司進口,亞(ya)洲較好的(de)雙直驅技術脫(tuo)掛式客運索道(dao)設備。
2017年6月19日(ri),鉛山縣(xian)葛仙山景區(qu)(qu)升級改造(zao)及(ji)客(ke)運索道工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)加速(su)推進。該項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)投資13.5億元建設(she),系(xi)省、市(shi)要點工(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)之一,客(ke)運索道大部分支(zhi)架已(yi)完成,索道站(zhan)房(fang)主體結構工(gong)程(cheng)已(yi)建成,景區(qu)(qu)停(ting)車(che)場、酒店等項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)土(tu)地平整已(yi)完成。
2017年8月29日,葛(ge)仙山索道(dao)正式開通。
葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)名(ming)稱(cheng)較(jiao)早(zao)記載(zai)(zai)是(shi)古石印《葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)志》(殘本(ben))收(shou)錄的唐詩人(ren)白(bai)居易(yi)題《葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)景雜(za)詠》:“三(san)天極目(mu)觀(guan),陽村(cun)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)落下”。證明在(zai)唐代,葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)名(ming)稱(cheng)已經出(chu)(chu)現。白(bai)居易(yi)作這首詩的時間(jian)大致為(wei)唐元(yuan)和十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至(zhi)十三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(815年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)—818年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),其時白(bai)居易(yi)被貶(bian)為(wei)江州(今江西九江)司馬(ma),司馬(ma)是(shi)個閑(xian)職,基本(ben)上沒有(you)權力。正因(yin)為(wei)如此,白(bai)居易(yi)才(cai)有(you)時間(jian)游山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)玩(wan)水,先后到過廬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等地。而葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)祠建(jian)造(zao)(zao)時間(jian)較(jiao)早(zao)出(chu)(chu)自萬歷《鉛(qian)書》記載(zai)(zai),“葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)祠,在(zai)鉛(qian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣南西七十里葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。宋元(yuan)祐七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1092年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),鄉人(ren)立祠祀(si)之。元(yuan)至(zhi)正間(jian)(1341年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)—1368年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),增(zeng)建(jian)太極觀(guan),中(zhong)造(zao)(zao)仙(xian)翁像。”
據歷代郡縣志載,漢以(yi)前葛(ge)仙山名云崗山,因漢末赤烏元年間(jian)(238年—251年)江(jiang)左道(dao)士、醫藥學(xue)家、道(dao)教靈寶派(pai)創始人葛(ge)玄(后人稱之為葛(ge)仙翁)在(zai)此煉(lian)丹(dan)、飛升,故易名葛(ge)仙山,又稱葛(ge)山。
葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)是(shi)“一山(shan)兩教,道佛(fo)同修”。葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)供奉的(de)(de)是(shi)道教靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)派始祖(zu)葛(ge)(ge)玄(xuan),也就(jiu)是(shi)民間傳(chuan)說中的(de)(de)太(tai)極(ji)仙(xian)翁(weng)。《神仙(xian)傳(chuan)》中載:“漢建安四年,太(tai)極(ji)真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)及太(tai)上(shang)玄(xuan)一三真(zhen)人(ren)(ren)于會稽虞山(shan)以《靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)經》授(shou)太(tai)極(ji)左(zuo)仙(xian)翁(weng)葛(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)。”其(qi)后,葛(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)輾(zhan)轉至江(jiang)西楊(yang)村云崗山(shan)結廬修持。鄉人(ren)(ren)感其(qi)靈(ling)(ling)驗,遂(sui)改(gai)云崗山(shan)為葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)。葛(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)羽化后,其(qi)侄孫葛(ge)(ge)洪成為靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)宗的(de)(de)重要傳(chuan)人(ren)(ren),葛(ge)(ge)洪從孫葛(ge)(ge)巢甫(fu)又進一步將(jiang)古(gu)《靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)經》發揚光大,著(zhu)新《靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)經》,并(bing)正(zheng)式開山(shan)立(li)宗,創(chuang)靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)派。葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)也自然成了(le)靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)派好地方——中華道教靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)第一仙(xian)山(shan)。唐(tang)宋間,靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)派昌(chang)盛(sheng)。唐(tang)代懿宗皇帝(di),北宋英宗、徽宗,南宋理宗皇帝(di)皆(jie)賜封葛(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)、敕建仙(xian)山(shan)。來(lai)葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)創(chuang)建佛(fo)教慈(ci)濟寺的(de)(de)乃是(shi)鵝湖峰頂山(shan)慈(ci)濟禪寺六堂之一“隆隱(yin)堂”的(de)(de)高僧大德。這(zhe)鵝湖慈(ci)濟禪寺的(de)(de)開山(shan)始祖(zu)又是(shi)唐(tang)代佛(fo)教界(jie)的(de)(de)大義慧覺禪師(shi),他先后歷經四朝皇帝(di),蒙賜錫杖、玉環,敕建鵝湖寺宅(zhai),為天下八大叢林之一。葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)慈(ci)濟寺即為鵝湖峰頂慈(ci)濟禪寺分寺。
葛(ge)玄(xuan)在(zai)鉛山修煉(lian),歷代(dai)(dai)郡縣志均有(you)(you)(you)(you)記載。如:明代(dai)(dai)萬歷四(si)十(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(1618年(nian))《鉛書》記載:“(縣治)南七(qi)十(shi)(shi)里,日葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)山,其(qi)高三十(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)六,二十(shi)(shi)里,漢仙(xian)(xian)人(ren)葛(ge)玄(xuan)之(zhi)所(suo)筑也(ye)。爰有(you)(you)(you)(you)仙(xian)(xian)壇、香爐、水碙(gang),皆鐵冶。有(you)(you)(you)(you)仙(xian)(xian)井焉(yan),有(you)(you)(you)(you)龍(long)池焉(yan),有(you)(you)(you)(you)上馬石,下(xia)馬石,息心石;有(you)(you)(you)(you)試劍石,字書精(jing)妙;有(you)(you)(you)(you)飛升臺(tai),懸峰凌虛;有(you)(you)(you)(you)鶴跡(ji)鹿蹄(ti)。”“鉛山邑小(xiao),而(er)道集其(qi)大,門(men)辟(pi)以三:有(you)(you)(you)(you)朱呂(lv)二陸四(si)儒(ru)也(ye),有(you)(you)(you)(you)大義(yi)、智(zhi)孚、云震(zhen)三禪也(ye);遡(su)而(er)上之(zhi),又有(you)(you)(you)(you)葛(ge)孝先焉(yan)。四(si)儒(ru)興于宋,三禪住于唐,而(er)葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)則始于漢。翹(qiao)翹(qiao)三氏(shi)之(zhi)宗,皆萃之(zhi)于鉛山,鉛山之(zhi)學合三氏(shi),而(er)知所(suo)適從矣。”
佛教寺院的“慈濟寺”匾額為中國佛協會長,書(shu)法(fa)家(jia)趙樸初題寫。山上的石刻碑林是(shi)按道教太極衍生(sheng)圖和《洛書(shu)》布列,深含《易理》,堪稱江南一絕。
貴溪人(ren)夏(xia)(xia)言(yan),官(guan)居明代嘉靖年間內(nei)閣首(shou)輔。據(ju)說(shuo)夏(xia)(xia)言(yan)對(dui)(dui)葛(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)仰慕不已,傳言(yan)他曾請畫家(jia)把(ba)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)畫下,懸于靜室,時(shi)時(shi)觀看,聲(sheng)聲(sheng)慨(kai)嘆。夏(xia)(xia)言(yan)對(dui)(dui)葛(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)喜(xi)愛是受到了(le)(le)他的(de)(de)前任、明正德年間大學士、內(nei)閣首(shou)輔費宏的(de)(de)影響(xiang),費宏是鉛(qian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)人(ren),和夏(xia)(xia)言(yan)也算是鄉(xiang)鄰。費宏出(chu)任首(shou)輔后曾赴葛(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)祭祀,籌劃擴建祠觀事宜,并(bing)親題匾(bian)額,議(yi)定每(mei)年開山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)門日期,留下了(le)(le)費宰(zai)相為葛(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)換夏(xia)(xia)布鼓的(de)(de)傳說(shuo)。費宏去世后,夏(xia)(xia)言(yan)奉旨護(hu)送費宏靈柩歸里(li),趁便登葛(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)一覽真容,了(le)(le)卻平(ping)生心愿,留下了(le)(le)夏(xia)(xia)宰(zai)相夢中與葛(ge)(ge)仙翁論道,自(zi)嘆不如,醒來(lai)后脫下冠袍玉帶親手披于葛(ge)(ge)仙翁塑像上的(de)(de)佳話。葛(ge)(ge)仙翁塑像即(ji)著宰(zai)相袍服,稱為“天機內(nei)相”。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)志記載夏(xia)(xia)言(yan)親自(zi)議(yi)定每(mei)年十月一日為葛(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)關閉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)門日期。
唐(tang)代白(bai)居易(yi)、李商(shang)隱(yin)(yin)、韋應物;宋代王安石、熊元復、金熙;明代姚昶(chang)、龔敞、柯仲炯(jiong)等都登(deng)山(shan)游(you)覽(lan)祭祀,皆作(zuo)詩文(wen)題詠,且(qie)多有(you)佳(jia)句(ju)。白(bai)居易(yi)到(dao)葛(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)作(zuo)詩曰(yue)“三天(tian)極(ji)目觀,楊(yang)村山(shan)落下”;李商(shang)隱(yin)(yin)則贊(zan)葛(ge)仙(xian)山(shan)“日臥(wo)云霞(xia)窩,嵩華并五岳”;姚昶(chang)贊(zan)之曰(yue):“兒孫羅列獨巍然,磅礴應居太古(gu)前。”明代御史桂榮(rong):“葛(ge)仙(xian)之山(shan)斗柄極(ji),撐去東南天(tian)半壁”。內閣首輔夏言(yan)也(ye)坦言(yan):“到(dao)此方(fang)覺宇宙寬”。